CN111394998A - 一种抗菌织物及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗菌织物及制备方法，该抗菌织物包括织物基材及其一侧表面涂布的阳离子抗菌涂层，该制备方法为：将阳离子树脂乳液加入到容器中，进行第一次搅拌，将水性交联剂加入其中，进行第二次搅拌，再加入抗菌剂，进行第三次搅拌，制得抗菌涂液；将步骤1所得抗菌涂液涂布在织物基材一侧表面，进行烘干，制得抗菌织物。本发明将抗菌剂牢固地附着在织物基材的经纬线上，使阳离子树脂和抗菌剂协同发挥抗菌作用，将抗菌织物应用于口罩、衣物内外层，能够起到长效杀菌和抑菌作用，可长时间预防穿戴后细菌在衣物和口罩表面大量繁殖，抗菌率≥99％，而且不影响抗菌织物的透气效果，大大降低民众感染疾病的几率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于杀菌抗菌材料技术领域，尤其是一种抗菌织物及制备方法。
背景技术
细菌无处不在，随时都准备着进攻我们的健康。细菌一旦成功击破我们身体的防线，那么我们就会患上疾病，从而对我们的健康带来巨大的“挑战”。细菌可以通过我们的口、鼻子以及伤口进入我们的体内，接着就是对我们体内健康细胞进行侵占，因此，人们在日常生活中穿戴的口罩、衣物具有抗菌性就显得尤为重要。
由于织物面料表面多孔式物体形状和高分子聚合物的化学结构利于微生物附着，因此，成为微生物生存、繁殖的良好寄生体。为了抑制细菌再生和繁殖，目前主要采用两种方式对织物进行处理：一种是内置的银离子抗菌面料，采用纺丝级抗菌技术把抗菌剂直接做到化学纤维里面；另一种是后处理技术即通过面料后续定型工艺加进去。虽然上述抗菌面料在一定程度上可以去除织物上的细菌、真菌和霉菌，保持织物清洁，但是，难以起到长效杀菌和抑菌作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提出一种抗菌织物及制备方法，具有长效杀菌和抑菌作用，起到对人体的保护作用。
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：
一种抗菌织物，包括织物基材，在织物基材一侧表面涂布有阳离子抗菌涂层。
而且，所述阳离子抗菌涂层的原料组分及其组分的重量份数为：阳离子树脂1～50份，水性交联剂0.1～10份，抗菌剂1～50份。
而且，所述阳离子树脂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂。
而且，所述水性交联剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：异氰酸酯、氨基树脂、氮丙啶、碳化二亚胺。
而且，所述抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：表面活性剂、纳米抗菌材料、氧化性化合物。
而且，所述表面活性剂抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：季铵盐及其衍生物、氯已定及其衍生物、三氯羟基二苯醚、磷酸氯喹及其衍生物、羟基氯喹及其衍生物；所述纳米抗菌材料抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：纳米银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化钛载银、纳米氧化铝、纳米氧化锌；所述氧化性化合物抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：过氧化物、含氯化合物、含碘化合物。
而且，所述织物基材为再生纤维、合成纤维或天然纤维。
一种抗菌织物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1、抗菌涂液的制备：将阳离子树脂乳液加入到容器中，进行第一次搅拌，将水性交联剂加入其中，进行第二次搅拌，再加入抗菌剂，进行第三次搅拌，制得抗菌涂液；
步骤2、抗菌织物的制备：将步骤1所得抗菌涂液涂布在织物基材一侧表面，进行烘干，制得抗菌织物。
而且，所述步骤1中，第一次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌5～10min，第二次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌10～20min，第三次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌30～60min。
而且，所述步骤2中，涂布方式为喷涂、浸涂、辊涂或丝网涂布，所述烘干的温度为30～60℃。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
1、本发明以阳离子树脂体系制备的抗菌涂层能够将抗菌剂牢固地附着在织物基材的经纬线上，使阳离子树脂和抗菌剂协同发挥抗菌作用，因此抗菌涂层具有长效抗菌性能，将抗菌织物应用于口罩、衣物内外层，对接触口罩、衣物内外层的细菌起到长效杀菌和抑菌作用，可长时间预防穿戴后细菌在衣物和口罩表面大量繁殖，抗菌率≥99％，而且不影响抗菌织物的透气效果，对人体健康起到有效的保护作用，大大降低民众感染疾病的几率。
2、本发明采用的阳离子抗菌涂层在聚合物表面带有正电荷，不仅有利于带负电荷表面的中和、吸附和粘合，而且还具有杀菌、防尘和抗静电作用，并且市场上大多数抗菌剂均为阳离子型，抗菌织物的阳离子抗菌涂层与其复配性好，制备的抗菌涂液稳定性好，且阳离子乳液对抗菌剂的杀菌能力有增效作用。
附图说明
图1是本发明的抗菌织物的结构图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明做进一步详述。
一种抗菌织物，如图1所示，包括织物基材2，在织物基材一侧表面涂布有阳离子抗菌涂层1。所述织物基材可以是再生纤维、合成纤维、天然纤维等基材中任一种。所述阳离子抗菌涂层的组分及其组分的重量份数为：阳离子树脂1～50份，水性交联剂0.1～10份，抗菌剂1～50份。
本发明还提出一种抗菌织物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)抗菌涂液的制备：将阳离子树脂乳液加入到容器中，以200r/min速度搅拌5～10min，将水性交联剂加入其中，以200r/min速度搅拌10～20min，再将抗菌剂加入其中，以200r/min速度搅拌30～60min即可制得抗菌涂液；
(2)抗菌织物的制备：将步骤1所得抗菌涂液涂布在织物基材的一侧表面，以30～60℃的温度烘干，制得抗菌织物。所述涂布方式为喷涂、浸涂、辊涂或丝网涂布。
下面结合4个实施例对抗菌织物的制备方法进行详细说明：
实施例1
(1)抗菌涂液的制备：将5份阳离子丙烯酸酯乳液加入到容器中，以200r/min搅拌5～10min，将2份氮丙啶交联剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌10～20min，再将0.5份季铵盐抗菌剂和5份纳米氧化铝抗菌剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌30～60min即可。
(2)抗菌织物的制备：将步骤(1)所得抗菌涂液喷涂在织物基材一面，50℃烘干，制得抗菌织物。
按照本实施例制得的抗菌织物，经实测，其表面抗菌率≥99％。
实施例2
(1)抗菌涂液的制备：将10份阳离子聚氨酯乳液加入到容器中，以200r/min搅拌5～10min，将1份异氰酸酯交联剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌10～20min，再将0.5份季铵盐抗菌剂和0.5份纳米银抗菌剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌30～60min即可。
(2)抗菌织物的制备：将步骤(1)所得抗菌涂液以丝网涂布方式涂布在织物基材一面，50℃烘干，制得抗菌织物。
按照本实施例制得的抗菌织物，经实测，其表面抗菌率≥99％。
实施例3
(1)抗菌涂液的制备：将6份阳离子聚氨酯乳液加入到容器中，以200r/min搅拌5～10min，将1份氨基树脂交联剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌10～20min，再将1份氯已定抗菌剂和0.5份纳米二氧化钛载银抗菌剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌30～60min即可。
(2)抗菌织物的制备：将步骤(1)所得抗菌涂液喷涂在织物基材一面，50℃烘干，制得抗菌织物。
按照本实施例制得的抗菌织物，经实测，其表面抗菌率≥99％。
实施例4
(1)抗菌涂液的制备：将15份阳离子聚氨酯乳液加入到容器中，以200r/min搅拌5～10min，将1.5份氨基树脂交联剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌10～20min，再将1份氯已定抗菌剂和1.5份纳米氧化锌抗菌剂加入其中，以200r/min搅拌30～60min即可。
(2)抗菌织物的制备：将步骤(1)所得抗菌涂液喷涂在织物基材一面，50℃烘干，制得抗菌织物。
按照本实施例制得的抗菌织物，经实测，其表面抗菌率≥99％。
需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明包括并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其他实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌织物，包括织物基材，其特征在于：在织物基材一侧表面涂布有阳离子抗菌涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述阳离子抗菌涂层的原料组分及其组分的重量份数为：阳离子树脂1～50份，水性交联剂0.1～10份，抗菌剂1～50份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述阳离子树脂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：聚氨酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述水性交联剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：异氰酸酯、氨基树脂、氮丙啶、碳化二亚胺。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：表面活性剂、纳米抗菌材料、氧化性化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：季铵盐及其衍生物、氯已定及其衍生物、三氯羟基二苯醚、磷酸氯喹及其衍生物、羟基氯喹及其衍生物；所述纳米抗菌材料抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：纳米银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化钛载银、纳米氧化铝、纳米氧化锌；所述氧化性化合物抗菌剂为如下材料中的一种或其组合：过氧化物、含氯化合物、含碘化合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌织物，其特征在于：所述织物基材为再生纤维、合成纤维或天然纤维。
8.一种如权利要求1至7任一项所述抗菌织物的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
步骤1、抗菌涂液的制备：将阳离子树脂乳液加入到容器中，进行第一次搅拌，将水性交联剂加入其中，进行第二次搅拌，再加入抗菌剂，进行第三次搅拌，制得抗菌涂液；
步骤2、抗菌织物的制备：将步骤1所得抗菌涂液涂布在织物基材一侧表面，进行烘干，制得抗菌织物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种抗菌织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中，第一次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌5～10min，第二次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌10～20min，第三次搅拌以200r/min速度搅拌30～60min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种抗菌织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，涂布方式为喷涂、浸涂、辊涂或丝网涂布，所述烘干的温度为30～60℃。
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