CN111393332B - 一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- DSCRGUQTADLEQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate guanidine Chemical class NC(N)=N.CCOC(C)=O DSCRGUQTADLEQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C KYVBNYUBXIEUFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006170 formylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000022244 formylation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- JIKUXBYRTXDNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-phenylformamide Chemical compound O=CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JIKUXBYRTXDNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical class CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 ethyl acetate group tetramethyl guanidine ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMBWYDCSOSTTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].CCOC(C)=O Chemical group [Br].CCOC(C)=O PMBWYDCSOSTTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KOUAQOCYMAENKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromohexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(Br)C(=O)OCC KOUAQOCYMAENKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- JIQJOKSCSVMZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromooctanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(Br)C(=O)OCC JIQJOKSCSVMZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ARFLASKVLJTEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromopropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)Br ARFLASKVLJTEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PQJJJMRNHATNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl bromoacetate Chemical group CCOC(=O)CBr PQJJJMRNHATNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- MGCHSJYOWFSOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)OC(C)=O.[Br] Chemical group C(CCC)OC(C)=O.[Br] MGCHSJYOWFSOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MKPBFDNRQBVZQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].COC(C)=O Chemical group [Br].COC(C)=O MKPBFDNRQBVZQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XIMFCGSNSKXPBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(Br)CC XIMFCGSNSKXPBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ORSIRXYHFPHWTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromopentanoate Chemical compound CCCC(Br)C(=O)OCC ORSIRXYHFPHWTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012450 pharmaceutical intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJAPLQBQQOLUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CN(C)C(=N)N(C)C ZJAPLQBQQOLUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- AYVPVDWQZAAZCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-n-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 AYVPVDWQZAAZCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCEYKKJMLOFDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-n-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 XCEYKKJMLOFDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFXDIXYFXDOZIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-n-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 JFXDIXYFXDOZIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- FHDQNOXQSTVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 FHDQNOXQSTVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007172 homogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C279/04—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton
- C07C279/14—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being further substituted by carboxyl groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
- B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
- B01J31/0279—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the cationic portion being acyclic or nitrogen being a substituent on a ring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/27—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a liquid or molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/02—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of hydrogen atoms by amino groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C213/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from compounds not provided for in groups C07C231/02 - C07C231/08
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C277/00—Preparation of guanidine or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C277/08—Preparation of guanidine or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of substituted guanidines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体及其制备和应用,其特点是采用四甲基胍与二位溴代酯离子化,制得烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体,该离子液体应用在二氧化碳与N‑甲基苯胺及其衍生物的甲酰化和甲基化的反应中作为催化剂,选择性的生成N‑甲基甲酰苯胺或N,N‑二甲基苯胺及其衍生物。本发明与现有技术相比具有催化性能良好,反应条件温和,后处理简单,同时作为溶剂和催化剂,避免了大量使用有机溶剂,合成简单,成本低廉,绿色高效,在药物化学和医药中间体化合物的研究中具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液体催化剂及应用技术领域,具体地说是一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体及其制备和在二氧化碳反应中的应用。
背景技术
二氧化碳作为一种无毒无害、储量丰富、廉价易得的碳一资源,采用化学方法将二氧化碳转化为高附加值产品已经成为工业界和学术界追求的目标。近年来,二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺在有机碱的条件下反应可以选择性地生成重要的医药中间体的N-甲基甲酰苯胺和N,N-二甲基苯胺被开发出来,引起了科学家们的广泛关注,寻找一种催化体系在更温和的条件下高效地催化该反应一直是众人努力的方向。
离子液体具有极低的蒸汽压、较高的化学和热稳定性、结构多样性和结构可调性,被广泛应用于各类催化反应中,作为高效的均相催化剂,仍然可以被循环利用,且特殊设计过的离子液体在捕集吸收二氧化碳方面性能优异。
Liu等人首次将1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体引入N-甲基苯胺与二氧化碳的甲酰化的反应中同时作为溶剂和催化剂,其催化性能优异,循环使用多次后催化效率稳定。后续有一系列催化剂被开发出来应用于催化该类反应,且对不同底物均有良好的催化效果。
现有技术的离子液体合成工艺复杂,原料昂贵,制备成本高,污染环境或保存不易等问题,难以被广泛应用,因此发展一种制备简单、稳定性好和催化性能佳的离子液体对二氧化碳化学研究具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足而提供的一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体及其制备和应用,采用四甲基胍与二位溴代酯离子化,制得烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体,合成工艺简单,制备成本低,不污染环境,易于保存,将其中烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体应用在二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物的甲酰化和甲基化的反应,具有催化性能好、反应条件温和后处理容易的优点,同时作为溶剂和催化剂,避免了大量有机溶剂的使用,符合绿色化学要求,是一种高效、经济且符合资源节约的绿色合成途径。
实现本发明目的的具体技术方案是:一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体,其特点是将四甲基胍与二位溴代酯进行离子化,制得下述结构通式的烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体:
其中:R为氢,甲基,乙基,正丙基,正丁基,正己基。
所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的阳离子为乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,乙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,正丙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,正丁基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子,其阴离子为溴离子。
一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的制备,其特点该离子液体的制备在60℃下,将二位溴代酯缓慢滴加在搅拌着的四甲基胍与乙腈混合溶液中,然后在60℃温度下继续反应12小时,待反应结束后经旋蒸脱去溶剂乙腈,并用去离子水稀释,然后用乙酸乙酯洗涤三次,旋干水溶液,制得淡黄色液体为烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体。所述四甲基胍与二位溴代的酯和乙腈的摩尔体积比为1mmol:1.1mmol:1.5mL;所述二位溴代的酯为溴代乙酸乙酯、2-溴代丙酸乙酯、2-溴代丁酸乙酯、2-溴代戊酸乙酯、2-溴代己酸乙酯、2-溴代辛酸乙酯;所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体为溴-乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-乙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-正丙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-正丁基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体或溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体。
一种烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的应用,其特点是该烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体在二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物的反应中作为催化剂,合成如下反应结构式的甲酰化或甲基化产物:
其中:R为F、Cl、Br、I、CH3、OCH3或NO2;
所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体与二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物的甲酰化或甲基化的反应为N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物与烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的按摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3混合,然后通入压力为0.1~1.0MPa的二氧化碳,在25~100℃温度下搅拌反应12~24小时,反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取,其有机相经旋转蒸发,柱层析得到纯品,得N-甲基甲酰苯胺或N,N-二甲基苯胺及其衍生物纯产品。
本发明与现有技术相比具有催化活性高,合成工艺简单,成本低廉,反应条件温和以及不使用有机溶剂和循环使用步骤简单等优点,在均相催化二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物反应过程中表现优异,在温和的条件下选择性的生成N-甲基甲酰苯胺或N,N-二甲基苯胺及其衍生物。该催化剂催化性能良好,反应条件温和,后处理简单,同时作为溶剂和催化剂,避免了大量使用有机溶剂,在药物化学和医药中间体化合物的研究中具有重要意义。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
在60℃温度下,将2.53g(22mmol)四甲基胍溶于15mL乙腈混合为A溶液,将3.34g(20mmol)溴乙酸乙酯溶于乙腈配制成B溶液,然后将B溶液以1滴/秒的速度缓慢滴加在A溶液中搅拌混合,将反应体系在60℃温度下搅拌24小时进行如下反应结构式的离子化反应:
反应结束后在旋转蒸发仪上将乙腈旋干,然后用乙酸乙酯25mL/次洗涤三次,室温下真空干燥得淡黄色产物为溴-乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体,其产率为86%。
实施例2
在60℃温度下,将2.53g(22mmol)四甲基胍溶于15mL乙腈混合为A溶液,将3.62g(20mmol)2-溴丙酸乙酯溶于乙腈配制成C溶液,然后将C溶液以1滴/秒的速度缓慢滴加在A溶液中搅拌混合,将反应体系在60℃温度下搅拌24小时进行如下反应结构式的离子化反应:
反应结束后,在旋转蒸发仪上将乙腈旋干,用乙酸乙酯25mL/次洗涤三次,室温下真空干燥得淡黄色产物为溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体,其产率为84%。
实施例3
在60℃温度下,将2.53g(22mmol)四甲基胍溶于15mL乙腈混合为A溶液,将5.02g(20mmol)2-溴辛酸乙酯溶于乙腈配制成D溶液,然后将D溶液以1滴/秒的速度缓慢滴加在A溶液中搅拌混合,将反应体系在60℃温度下搅拌24小时进行如下反应结构式的离子化反应:
反应结束后,在旋转蒸发仪上将乙腈旋干,用乙酸乙酯25mL/次洗涤三次,室温下真空干燥得淡黄色产物为溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体,其产率为83%。
实施例4
称取0.312g上述制备的溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.115g(1mmol)N-甲基苯胺置于二氧化碳氛围的三颈烧瓶中,常温下反应12小时,其反应方程式如下:
反应结束后,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为99%。然后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂在真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例5
称取0.312g上述制备的溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.186g(1mmol)4-溴-N-甲基苯胺置于三颈烧瓶中,在二氧化碳的氛围下,常温反应12小时,其反应方程式如下:
反应结束后,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为86%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例6
称取0.312g上述制备的溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.15g(1mmol)4-氯-N-甲基苯胺置于三颈烧瓶中,在二氧化碳的氛围下,常温反应12小时,其反应方程式如下:
反应结束后,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为91%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例7
称取0.312g上述制备的溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.157g(1mmol)4-甲氧基-N-甲基苯胺置于三颈烧瓶中,在二氧化碳的氛围下,常温反应12小时,反应方程式如下:
反应结束后,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为97%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例8
称取0.456g上述制备的溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.115g(1mmol)N-甲基苯胺置于内衬聚四氟乙烯的不锈钢反应釜中,升温至100℃,然后通入压力为1MPa的二氧化碳反应24小时,其反应结构式如下:
反应结束后自然冷却至室温,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为95%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例9
称取0.456g上述制备的溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.186g(1mmol)4-溴-N-甲基苯胺置于内衬聚四氟乙烯的不锈钢反应釜中,升温至100℃,然后通入压力为1MPa的二氧化碳反应24小时,其反应结构式如下:
反应结束后自然冷却至室温,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为91%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例10
称取0.456g上述制备的溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.15g(1mmol)4-氯-N-甲基苯胺置于内衬聚四氟乙烯的不锈钢反应釜中,升温至100℃,然后通入压力为1MPa的二氧化碳反应24小时,其反应方程式如下:
反应结束后自然冷却至室温,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为93%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
实施例11
称取0.456g上述制备的溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体为催化剂与0.157g(1mmol)4-甲氧基-N-甲基苯胺置于内衬聚四氟乙烯的不锈钢反应釜中,升温至100℃,然后通入压力为1MPa的二氧化碳反应24小时,反应方程式如下:
反应结束后自然冷却至室温,先加入内标联苯搅拌使之完全溶解后,取0.5mL反应液加入至2mL的乙腈溶剂中稀释,使用气相色谱测定反应收率,测得收率为95%。之后将反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水萃取以分散离子液体和产物,并将水相旋干得到离子液体,将其回收的离子液体催化剂真空干燥2小时后,可再次作为催化剂循环使用。
上述各实施例中所述二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺的甲酰化反应中优选溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体,二氧化碳反应压力优选为常压,反应温度为常温,反应时间为12小时;所述二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺的甲基化反应中优选溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体,二氧化碳反应压力优选为1MPa,反应温度优选为100℃,反应时间为24小时。以上各实施例只是进一步说明本发明,并非用以限制本发明专利,凡为本发明等效实施,均应包含于本发明专利的权利要求范围之内。
Claims (3)
2.一种权利要求1所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的制备,其特征在于将二位溴代缓慢滴加在四甲基胍与乙腈的混合溶液中,在60℃温度下搅拌反应12小时,其反应液经旋蒸脱去溶剂后用去离子水稀释,并用乙酸乙酯洗涤三次,旋干水溶液,制得淡黄色液体为烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体,所述四甲基胍与二位溴代的酯和乙腈的摩尔体积比为1mmol:1.1mmol:1.5mL;所述二位溴代的酯为溴代乙酸乙酯、2-溴代丙酸乙酯、2-溴代丁酸乙酯、2-溴代戊酸乙酯、2-溴代己酸乙酯或2-溴代辛酸乙酯;所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体为溴-乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-甲基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-乙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-正丙基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体、溴-正丁基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体或溴-正己基乙酸乙酯基四甲基胍离子液体。
3.一种权利要求1所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的应用,其特征在于该烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体在二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物的反应中作为催化剂,合成如下反应结构式的甲酰化或甲基化产物:
其中:R为F、Cl、Br、I、CH3、OCH3或NO2;
所述烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体与二氧化碳与N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物的甲酰化或甲基化的反应为N-甲基苯胺及其衍生物与烷基取代乙酸乙酯基胍离子液体的按摩尔比为1:0.1~0.3混合,然后通入压力为0.1~1.0MPa的二氧化碳,在25~100℃温度下搅拌反应12~24小时,反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取,其有机相经旋转蒸发和柱层析,得产物为N-甲基甲酰苯胺或N,N-二甲基苯胺及其衍生物。
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