CN111379238A - Trench head protection structure for developing erosion gully and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of trench head erosion prevention and control, and provides a trench head protective structure for a developmental erosion trench and a construction method thereof. The gully head protection structure of the developmental erosion gully comprises a grit chamber, a slow flow chamber, a flow guide pipe, a stilling chamber and a fixed net which are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction; the grit chamber and the slow flow chamber are arranged on the earth surface outside the ditch head, the stilling chamber and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom in the ditch head, one end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the slow flow chamber, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the stilling chamber; and intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber are respectively arranged on two sides outside the grit chamber. The invention solves the problems of single protection measure, higher treatment cost, strong disturbance to land, more occupation and weaker rain flood resistance in the existing treatment mode.

Description

Gutter head protective structure with developed erosion ditch and its construction method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ditch head erosion prevention and control, in particular to a ditch head protection structure for developing erosion ditch and a construction method thereof.

Background technique

Cut ditch and gully are large-scale erosion ditch formed by continuous and concentrated erosion of slope confluence and accompanied by gravity collapse during heavy rain or meltwater. In the black soil region of northeast my country, the loess region of northwest China and the red soil region of south China, the developmental erosion ditch and the ditch head of the collapsed ridge are the main sources of sediment production in the basin, and the intensity of soil erosion is extremely high. Erosion from source and undercut, accompanied by collapse, leads to rapid expansion of ditch depth and ditch width, destroying land and restricting mechanical farming. Especially in the black soil region of Northeast my country, on the one hand, the long and gentle terrain and ridge farming along the slope lead to widespread gully erosion, which destroys a lot of cultivated land and threatens food; The catchment surface is large and the amount of water inflow is large, and it is mostly developed in both farmland and roads, which not only destroys farmland, but also damages roads, blocks traffic, and threatens the safety of human settlements. It has important practical needs and significance to study the control technology of large and medium-sized developed erosion ditch.

Large and medium-sized eroded gully is the most serious stage of the gully erosion process. The upper part has a natural current collection path, and most of them have become the constituent units of the permanent water and sediment transport network in the basin, and are scoured by confluence all year round or seasonally. The gully body of these eroded ditch is wider and deeper, the transverse section is mostly "U"-shaped, the longitudinal slope of the bottom is gentle, and the gully bottom and middle and lower gully slopes are relatively stable. The collapse of the ditch slope is very severe, and methods such as filling and plugging the ditch body or intercepting at the bottom of the ditch cannot effectively play the role of soil and water conservation. Therefore, intercepting, accumulating and draining the upper catchment for the head part of the ditch is the key and key to the prevention and control of large and medium-sized eroded ditch. The common interception measures are mainly to build retaining ridges and reservoirs on the upper part of the ditch head to store the confluence and block its direct scouring of the ditch head, but this method is only suitable for small and medium-sized cuts with less water in the upper part. ditch, and the disturbance and occupation of the upper slope of the ditch head are large, and the ability to resist rain and flood is low; common drainage and guidance measures are mainly to build soil, stones or plants at the head of the ditch with a small height difference. Concrete or masonry drainage troughs and stilling pools are built at the larger ditch heads to drain and guide the confluence and avoid direct scouring of the ditch heads. It has the functions of water storage and drainage, and the water drop measures are made of mortar masonry troughs, gabions or valleys, etc. The construction is complicated, and it is easy to cause frost heave damage, and the preservation and treatment effects of the measures are not ideal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a ditch head protection structure for developing erosion ditch, so as to solve the problems of the existing governance methods, such as single protection measures, high governance cost, strong disturbance to land, large occupation, and weak rain and flood resistance. .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a ditch head protection structure for developing an erosion ditch comprises:

A grit chamber, a slow-flow tank, a guide pipe, a stilling tank and a fixed net are arranged and connected in sequence along the water flow direction;

The grit chamber and the slow flow pool are arranged on the surface outside the ditch head, the stilling pool and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom inside the ditch head, and one end of the guide pipe is connected to the a slow flow pool, the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the stilling pool;

Two sides outside the grit chamber are respectively provided with intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water intercepting ditch is a water intercepting grass ditch in which grass plants are planted, and the side of the water intercepting grass ditch that is away from the flow of runoff water is provided with a surrounding stalk, and ridge-protecting shrubs are planted on the surrounding stalk. .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an outwardly expanding trumpet shape is formed between the intercepting trenches on both sides of the grit chamber, and the intercepting trenches on both sides are both communicated with the grit chamber;

The length of the intercepting ditch is more than 1.5 to 2 times the width of the ditch head, the intercepting ditch is provided with a downward slope toward the grit chamber along its length direction, and the cross-section of the intercepting ditch is Inverted parabolic.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and the outlet of the grit chamber are respectively provided with a trash rack, and the trash rack is composed of steel bars arranged vertically at equal intervals as a skeleton.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the slow flow tank is connected to the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber, and the other end of the slow flow tank is connected to the guide pipe.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the guide pipe comprises a prefabricated drainage pipe arranged in sections along the terrain shape of the ditch slope of the ditch head, and the adjacent prefabricated drainage pipes are connected by elbows.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the stilling pool is connected to the end of the guide pipe, the lower end of the stilling pool is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a grille.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed net is arranged at a distance of 2 to 3 m from the water outlet of the stilling pool, and the fixed net includes two rows of fixed branches woven from branches and fixed at intervals along the water flow direction. The two rows of the branch and trunk fixed nets are filled with stones or soil bags, and both ends of the two rows of the branch and trunk fixed nets are connected to the inner wall of the ditch head.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the grit chamber, the slow-flow pool, and the stilling pool are all constructed of mortar masonry;

The width of the slow flow pool is 1-1.5m, the length is 1.5-2m, and the depth is 0.5-1.0m; the length of each section of the prefabricated drainage pipe is 1-3m, the cross section is circular, and the diameter is 0.8～1.0m. 2m.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a ditch head protection structure for developing an erosion ditch, comprising:

Excavate and build grit chambers along the axis direction of the ditch head on the surface outside the ditch head where the erosion ditch is developed;

Excavate between the grit chamber and the ditch head and build a slow flow pond communicated with the grit chamber;

On both sides of the grit chamber, an intercepting ditch is dug and communicated with the grit chamber and expands from the sand chamber to the upper side obliquely;

Excavate and build a stilling pool at the bottom of the ditch at the head of the ditch, and set a diversion pipe connecting the slow-flow pool and the stilling pool;

A fixed net is provided at a distance downstream of the stilling basin.

The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

A ditch head protection structure with developed erosion ditch according to the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the above technical scheme, the upstream runoff of the ditch head is intercepted, stagnant, drained, and discharged to a gentle ditch bottom after the runoff, effectively cutting off the ditch head Trace the source of external force, stabilize the soil at the ditch head, reduce erosion and slump, quickly control the development and expansion of the gully head, protect the upper farmland and roads, and promote the prevention and control of erosion and degradation of black soil and ecological management. It solves the problems of the existing protection methods, such as single protection measures, high governance cost, strong disturbance to the land, large occupation, and weak rain and flood resistance.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the top-view structural schematic diagram of the ditch head protection structure of developing erosion ditch according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the intercepting ditch according to the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trash rack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional structure schematic diagram of the ditch head protection structure of developing erosion ditch according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixed net according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference number:

1. Surface; 2. Grit chamber; 21. Trash rack; 22. Water inlet; 3. Slow flow pool; 4. Diversion pipe; 41. Prefabricated drainage pipe; 42. Elbow; 5. Stilling pool; 6, fixed net; 7, intercepting ditch; 71, perimeter; 8, ditch head; I, interception section; II, water storage section; III, drop section; IV, exit section.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right" , "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing this Inventive embodiments and simplified descriptions are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention in specific situations.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "under" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features pass through the middle indirect contact with the media. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one example or example of embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

It should be noted that, FIGS. 1 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a ditch head protection structure for developing an erosion ditch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The invention is mainly suitable for the internal and external measurement of farmland and roads in the black soil area of northeast China, and the prevention and control of early source erosion and collapse of large and medium-sized developed eroded ditch and ditch head which are eroded by upslope confluence. The construction operation is simple, the cost is low, the structure stability is strong, and the erosion reduction effect is obvious .

On the one hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , a trench head protection structure for developing erosion trenches provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a grit chamber 2 , a slow-flow tank 3 , and a diversion tank that are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction. Pipe 4, stilling pool 5 and fixed net 6.

In this embodiment, the grit chamber 2 , the slow flow tank 3 , the guide pipe 4 , the stilling tank 5 and the fixed net 6 are all symmetrical with respect to the axis of the trench head 8 .

The grit chamber 2 and the slow-flow tank 3 are arranged on the surface 1 outside the trench head 8, and specifically, the grit chamber 2 and the slow-flow tank 3 are excavated through the surface 1 outside the trench head 8 It is similar to a cuboid soil pit, and masonry masonry is built on the pool wall and pool bottom to increase the stability and service life of the grit chamber 2 and the slow flow pool 3 . Shrubs can be planted on the slope of the ditch head 8 near the buffer pool for slope protection.

The stilling pool 5 and the fixed net 6 are arranged at the bottom of the ditch in the ditch head 8. As shown in FIG. 1, the ditch head 8 of the present embodiment is U-shaped, and the stilling pool 5 is arranged in the U-shape. The bottom of the mold, the fixed net 6 is arranged at a distance from the stilling pool 5, one end of the guide pipe 4 is connected to the slow flow pool 3, and the other end of the guide pipe 4 is connected to the stilling pool 5.

The two sides outside the grit chamber 2 are respectively provided with intercepting trenches 7 for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber 2. The direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 is the direction of water flow. The intercepting ditch 7 forms the intercepting section I, the slow-flow pool 3 forms the water storage section II, the diversion pipe 4 and the stilling pool 5 form the water-dropping section III, and the outlet of the stilling pool 5 forms the outlet between the fixed net 6 Section IV. The upstream runoff of the ditch head is intercepted, stagnant, drained, and discharged to the bottom of the ditch, effectively cutting off the external force of the ditch head, so as to stabilize the soil at the ditch head, reduce erosion and slump, and quickly control the cutting of the ditch. The development and expansion of the ditch head, protect the upper farmland and roads, and promote the prevention and control of erosion and degradation of black soil and ecological management. After rainfall, the upper confluence of the gully head is intercepted by the gully head protective structure and then enters the gully bottom, effectively preventing the trace erosion of the gully head.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water intercepting ditch 7 is a drainage type intercepting ditch 7, the intercepting ditch 7 is a water intercepting grass ditch for planting grass plants in the ditch, and tall fescue grass, For grass species with developed rhizomes and strong regeneration ability, such as Zoysia, the side of the intercepting grass ditch away from the runoff water flow is provided with a surrounding stalk 71, which can effectively intercept rainfall runoff, and can be excavated and placed on the outside of the grass ditch to form a surrounding stalk 71. The height of the surrounding stem 71 can be 0.2-0.3m, the top width can be 0.3-0.4m, and the slope ratio can be 1:0.5-1:1.

The ridge-protecting shrubs can be planted on the perimeter 71, and ridge-protecting shrubs such as sea buckthorn, amorpha, and Huzhizi can be optionally planted on the perimeter 71. The intercepting grass ditch is used to intercept the surface runoff in the catchment slope above the ditch head, which can collect, transport and purify the runoff rainwater.

Specifically, after the rainfall runoff in the upper part of the ditch head is intercepted by the intercepting grass ditch, the runoff on the slope surface is collected and directed to the sand settling tank 2, after the sand settling, it enters the slow flow tank 3, and then is guided along the guide pipe 4 from the upper part of the ditch head to the bottom of the ditch , and enter the bottom of the ditch after dissipating energy in the stilling pool 5, and finally intercept and stagnate by the fixed net 6 and disperse to the ditch bed.

The rainstorm protection standard is designed according to the 10-year 24h maximum rainfall, and the slope runoff is determined by the product of the multi-year average runoff coefficient and the catchment area. The runoff coefficient can be obtained from the local runoff observation data for many years or by referring to the local hydrology manual.

As shown in FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, a flared shape is formed between the intercepting trenches 7 on the outer sides of the grit chamber 2 , so as to facilitate the collection of the runoff water to the intercepting water in the largest range. In the trench 7 , the intercepting trenches 7 on both sides are in communication with the grit chamber 2 .

The length of the intercepting ditch 7 is more than 1.5 to 2 times the width of the ditch head, so as to ensure that all the rainfall runoff in the upper confluence area of the erosion ditch is intercepted. The downward slope of the sand tank 2 can be 1%-2% proportional to the contour line, which is convenient for the runoff water to flow into the grit chamber 2 smoothly. The water flows smoothly in the ditch.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 , the inlet and the outlet of the grit chamber 2 are respectively provided with trash racks 21 for intercepting easily blocked objects such as crop waste straws, etc. As shown in FIG. 3 , the The trash rack 21 is composed of steel bars arranged vertically at equal intervals as a skeleton, and the interval between adjacent steel bars forms a water passage 22 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the slow-flow tank 3 is connected to the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber 2, so that the water flow from the trash rack 21 can smoothly enter the slow-flow tank 3, thereby stabilizing the water flow , the other end of the slow flow tank 3 is connected to the guide pipe 4 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the height difference of the steep cliffs (or steep slopes) at the head of the ditch where the large and medium-sized eroded ditch are developed is relatively large, it is taken on the ditch slope from the upper part of the ditch head to the lower part of the ditch bottom, and is segmented according to the topographic shape of the ditch slope. A plurality of sections of prefabricated drainage pipes 41 , such as concrete prefabricated drainage pipes 41 , are laid out, and adjacent prefabricated drainage pipes 41 are connected by elbows 42 to form a guide pipe 4 . In practical applications, municipal prefabricated pipe fittings of qualified length and diameter can be directly selected from concrete, reinforced concrete or polyethylene.

In this embodiment, the soil on both sides of the prefabricated drainage pipe 41 is compacted and has a natural slope, and shrubs and grasses can be planted to improve soil stability and landscape effect around the pipe body. The advantage of using the prefabricated drainage pipe 41 for the water drop section is that the prefabricated drainage pipe 41 can control the direction of water flow. Under the same drainage volume, it can save land compared with the existing commonly used concrete drainage channels and other methods. The original landform is less destructive and does not affect the restoration of the vegetation on the slope in the later stage.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the stilling pool 5 is connected to the end of the guide pipe 4, the lower end of the stilling pool 5 is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a grille , the grille can isolate the sundries; the stilling pool 5 further dissipates the energy of the water flow discharged from the diversion pipe 4 to prevent the ditch bottom from being washed directly.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed net 6 is arranged at a distance of 2 to 3 m from the water outlet of the stilling pool 5. The fixed net 6 is mainly used for stagnation and sand retention, and stabilizing the erosion reference plane, so as to protect the The upper ditch head protective structure prevents the confluence from scouring the upper ditch bottom when it is subjected to heavy rain, resulting in serious erosion of the ditch bottom and the instability of the ditch head protective components.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the fixed net 6 includes two rows of branch fixed nets woven from branches and fixed at intervals along the water flow direction, and stones or soil bags are filled between the two rows of the branch fixed nets. , both ends of the two rows of the branch and trunk fixing nets are connected with the inner wall of the groove head. The specific manufacturing process of the fixed net 6 can be as follows: first insert two rows of willow trunks side by side, and connect the adjacent willow trunks in each row by willow branches to form a staggered branch fixed net, and then fill the inside of the branch fixed net with stones ( or soil bag), the whole structure is simple and reasonable, with strong stability and water permeability, and plays the role of intercepting sediment.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stilling pool 5 can also be built by mortar masonry; the width of the slow flow pool 3 is 1-2 m, the length is 2-4 m, and the depth is 1.5-2.0 m, so The width of the slow flow pool 3 is 1-1.5m, the length is 1.5-2m, and the depth is 0.5-1.0m; the length of each section of the prefabricated drainage pipe 41 is generally required to be between 1-3m due to the turning of the terrain, and its section is Circular, with a diameter of 0.8 to 2m, which is determined according to the calculation of the leakage flow, but should not be less than 0.8m to prevent the upstream leakage of debris from being blocked.

On the other hand, according to a construction method of a ditch head protection structure for developing erosion ditch according to an embodiment of the present invention, when applying the method for ditch head treatment, the specific work process includes: determining the position and size of each protection member, Construction implementation, implementation of fixed net 6 and other steps.

Specific construction methods include:

The surface 1 outside the ditch head where the erosion ditch is developed is excavated along the axial direction of the ditch head and a sand chamber 2 is built;

Between the grit chamber 2 and the ditch head, excavate and build a slow flow pool 3 that communicates with the grit chamber 2;

On both sides of the grit chamber 2, a water intercepting ditch 7 that communicates with the grit chamber 2 and expands obliquely upward from the grit chamber 2 is excavated;

Excavate and build a stilling pool 5 at the bottom of the ditch at the head of the ditch, and set up a diversion pipe 4 that communicates the slow-flow pool 3 and the stilling pool 5;

A fixed net 6 is arranged at a distance downstream of the stilling basin 5, for example, 2 to 3 meters. In this example, the upstream runoff of the ditch head is intercepted, stagnant, drained, and discharged to the gentle ditch bottom after being dissipated, so as to effectively cut off the external force of the ditch head tracing the source, to stabilize the soil at the ditch head, reduce erosion and slump, and quickly Control the development and expansion of the ditch head, protect the upper farmland and roads, and promote the prevention and control of erosion and degradation of black soil and ecological management.

First, through the runoff observation data of the runoff area in the design area or by referring to the local hydrology manual, determine the maximum rainfall in 24 hours that occurs once in 10 years, calculate the section size of the intercepting ditch 7, and determine the grit chamber 2, the slow-flow basin 3 and the stilling basin 5. Size, specific parameters can be determined by referring to "Technical Specifications for Comprehensive Treatment of Soil and Water Conservation, Gully Treatment Technology (GB/T 16453.3-2008)", "Technical Specifications for Comprehensive Treatment of Water and Soil Conservation, Small Storage, Drainage and Diversion Projects (GB/T 16453.4-2008)" and " Related regulations for similar measures applicable to black soil areas in Northeast China in the Technical Standards for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Soil Erosion in Black Soil Areas (SL 446-2009). Determine the size and number of drainage pipes according to the site construction conditions and drainage flow. Use dry lime powder to mark the specific position of each protective component to facilitate subsequent construction operations.

In the present invention, the grit chamber 2, the slow-flow pool 3 and the stilling pool 5 are all made of masonry masonry, and the foundation of the masonry masonry project should be cleaned and treated before construction. For first-grade concrete with a pouring strength grade of C20 in the masonry gap, the frost resistance grade of the concrete is D20, the maximum aggregate particle size is 20mm, and the fineness modulus of the sand is not less than 3.0. Commonly used masonry cementitious materials are cement mortar and small stone mortar. The sand used for cement mortar should be well-graded and hard in texture, the maximum particle size should not exceed 5mm, and the impurity content should not exceed 5%. Different protective structures should be constructed in sequence from top to bottom.

The fixed net 6 is mainly made of willow or willow stakes. A number of equally spaced willows are filled with gravel (or soil bags) in the middle. The willows are fixed with wooden stakes and wooden poles, and are implicated with lead wires. The willows are 2 to 3 years old, inserted into the soil for 0.3 to 0.5m, and the ground is filled with gravel for about 0.5m. Cut the willow tips 0.2m above the landfill surface; Liuzhuanggufang is composed of multiple horizontal willow piles, each willow pile is more than 3cm thick, the spacing between willow piles is less than 20cm, the spacing between willow piles in each row is 0.5m, and the willow piles are inserted 0.5m underground. , leave about 1.0m on the ground.

The method is mainly suitable for the internal and external surveys of farmland and roads in the black soil area of Northeast China, and the prevention and control of early source erosion and collapse of the ditch head and the vegetation restoration of large and medium-sized eroded ditch head which are eroded by the upslope confluence, and can quickly stabilize the gully head, reduce soil erosion and increase vegetation coverage , and the construction operation is simple, the cost is low, the land occupation is small, the disturbance is small, the stability is strong, the erosion reduction effect and the ecological landscape are excellent, the cultivated land and roads can be effectively protected, and it has a good application and promotion prospect.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications or equivalent replacements to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should cover within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gully head protective structure for developing an erosion gully, comprising:

the sand setting tank, the slow flow tank, the flow guide pipe, the stilling tank and the fixed net are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction;

the grit chamber and the slow flow chamber are arranged on the earth surface outside the ditch head, the stilling chamber and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom in the ditch head, one end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the slow flow chamber, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the stilling chamber;

and intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber are respectively arranged on two sides outside the grit chamber.

2. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench as in claim 1, wherein the cut-off trench is a cut-off grass trench in which grass plants are planted, and wherein a surrounding stalk is provided on a side of the cut-off grass trench facing away from the runoff water flow, and ridge-protecting shrubs are planted on the surrounding stalk.

3. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench of claim 1, wherein the intercepting ditches at both sides outside the grit chamber are formed with flared trumpets therebetween, and the intercepting ditches at both sides are communicated with the grit chamber;

the length of catch basin is more than 1.5 ~ 2 times of ditch head width, the catch basin is equipped with along its length direction towards the downward slope of grit chamber slope, the cross section of catch basin is the shape of inverted parabolic line.

4. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench according to claim 3, wherein the inlet and outlet of the grit chamber are respectively provided with a trash rack, and the trash rack is made of a framework of steel bars arranged in vertical rows at equal intervals.

5. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench of claim 4, wherein one end of the slow flow tank communicates with the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber and the other end of the slow flow tank communicates with the draft tube.

6. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench in accordance with claim 1, wherein the flow guide comprises prefabricated drainage pipes arranged in sections along the trench slope topography of the trench head, adjacent ones of the prefabricated drainage pipes being connected by bends.

7. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the stilling pool is connected with the end of the draft tube in sequence, the lower end of the stilling pool is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a barrier.

8. The gully head protection structure of the developmental erosion gully according to claim 7, wherein the fixing net is arranged 2-3 m away from the water outlet of the absorption basin, the fixing net comprises two rows of branch fixing nets woven by branches and fixed at intervals along the water flow direction, stone blocks or soil bags are filled between the two rows of branch fixing nets, and two ends of the two rows of branch fixing nets are connected with the inner wall of the gully head.

9. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench according to claim 6 wherein the grit chamber, the surge chamber, the stilling chamber are all masonry stone;

the width of the slow flow pool is 1-1.5 m, the length of the slow flow pool is 1.5-2 m, and the depth of the slow flow pool is 0.5-1.0 m; each section of prefabricated drain pipe's length is 1 ~ 3m, and its section is circular, and the diameter is 0.8 ~ 2 m.

10. A method of constructing a trench head protection structure for a developmental erosion trench as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

excavating and building a grit chamber on the ground surface outside a gully head of the developing erosion gully along the axial direction of the gully head;

excavating and building a slow flow pool communicated with the grit chamber between the grit chamber and the ditch head;

digging a catch basin which is communicated with the grit chamber and outwards expands towards the inclined upper part from the grit chamber at each of two sides of the grit chamber;

excavating and building a stilling pool at the bottom of the ditch head, and arranging a flow guide pipe for communicating the slow flow pool and the stilling pool;

and a fixed net is arranged at a distance from the downstream of the stilling pool.

Images