CN111379238A - Trench head protection structure for developing erosion gully and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of trench head erosion prevention and control, and provides a trench head protective structure for a developmental erosion trench and a construction method thereof. The gully head protection structure of the developmental erosion gully comprises a grit chamber, a slow flow chamber, a flow guide pipe, a stilling chamber and a fixed net which are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction; the grit chamber and the slow flow chamber are arranged on the earth surface outside the ditch head, the stilling chamber and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom in the ditch head, one end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the slow flow chamber, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the stilling chamber; and intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber are respectively arranged on two sides outside the grit chamber. The invention solves the problems of single protection measure, higher treatment cost, strong disturbance to land, more occupation and weaker rain flood resistance in the existing treatment mode.

Description

Trench head protection structure for developing erosion gully and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of trench head erosion prevention and control, in particular to a trench head protection structure for a developmental erosion trench and a construction method thereof.

Background

The gully cutting and gully flushing are large-scale erosion gullies formed by continuous and centralized flushing of slope confluence and gravity collapse in a rainstorm or water melting period. In the northeast black soil area, the northwest yellow soil area and the southern red soil area of China, the developing erosion gully and the gully head part of the collapsed hillock are main policy sources for producing sand in the drainage area, the water and soil loss intensity is extremely high, and the gully source and the undercut erosion can continuously occur and collapse is accompanied, so that the gully depth and the gully width are rapidly expanded, the land is damaged, and the mechanical cultivation is limited. Particularly in the northeast black soil region of China, on one hand, furrow erosion caused by long and slow landforms and down-slope ridge culture generally exists, a large amount of cultivated land is damaged, and grains are threatened; on the other hand, the land is gentle and wide, cultivated land connection sheets and road networks are dense, the water collection surface on the upper slope of an erosion gully is large, the water inflow is large, and the erosion gully is frequently developed in both farmlands and roads, so that the farmlands are not damaged, the roads are also damaged, the traffic is blocked, and the living safety is threatened. The research on the large and medium development erosion gully treatment technology has important practical requirements and significance.

The large and medium-sized development erosion gully is the most serious stage of the gully erosion process, the upper part of the gully erosion gully has a natural flow collecting path, most of the gully erosion gully becomes a constituent unit of a permanent water and sand transportation network of a basin, and the gully erosion gully is subjected to flow collecting scouring all the year round or seasonally. The erosion ditches are wider and deeper in body, the transverse sections are more U-shaped, the longitudinal slope drop of the bottom is slower, the ditch bottom and the ditch slopes of the middle and lower parts are relatively stable, but the erosion of the ditch head due to the strand flow and the collapse of the ditch slopes of the upper parts are severe, and the methods of plugging the ditch body or intercepting the ditch bottom cannot effectively play a role in water and soil conservation. Therefore, intercepting, collecting and draining upper catchment aiming at the ditch head part are the key points and the key points for preventing and treating the large and medium-sized development erosion ditches. The common blocking-type measures are mainly to build a water blocking ridge and a reservoir at the upper part of the ditch head to block and converge water and block direct scouring of the water blocking ridge and the reservoir to the ditch head, but the method is only suitable for medium and small sized ditches with less upper catchment, and has large disturbance and occupation on the slope surface at the upper part of the ditch head and low rain flood resistance; the common drainage and guide type measures are mainly to build soil, stones or plant drop at the ditch head with small height difference, build concrete or grouted stone drainage grooves and stilling pools at the ditch head with large height difference to drain and converge to avoid direct scouring of the ditch head, but the two methods have large construction disturbance, large occupied area and incapability of having water storage and drainage functions, and the drop measures adopt grouted stone grooves, gabions or check houses and the like, are complex in construction, are easy to cause frost heaving damage and are unsatisfactory in measure preservation and treatment effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a trench head protection structure for developing erosion trenches, which aims to solve the problems of single protection measure, higher treatment cost, strong disturbance and occupation on land and weaker rain flood resistance in the existing treatment mode.

According to an aspect of the invention, the trench head protection structure for developing the erosion trench comprises:

the sand setting tank, the slow flow tank, the flow guide pipe, the stilling tank and the fixed net are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction;

the grit chamber and the slow flow chamber are arranged on the earth surface outside the ditch head, the stilling chamber and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom in the ditch head, one end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the slow flow chamber, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the stilling chamber;

and intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber are respectively arranged on two sides outside the grit chamber.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the catch basins are catch basins for planting grass plants in ditches, and the side of the catch basins, which is far away from the runoff water flow, is provided with surrounding stems on which ridge protection shrubs are planted.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an outward-expanding horn shape is formed between the intercepting ditches on the two sides outside the grit chamber, and the intercepting ditches on the two sides are communicated with the grit chamber;

the length of catch basin is more than 1.5 ~ 2 times of ditch head width, the catch basin is equipped with along its length direction towards the downward slope of grit chamber slope, the cross section of catch basin is the shape of inverted parabolic line.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the inlet and the outlet of the grit chamber are respectively provided with a trash rack which is formed by a framework of steel bars which are vertically arranged at equal intervals.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one end of the slow flow tank is communicated with the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber, and the other end of the slow flow tank is communicated with the flow guide pipe.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the flow guide pipe comprises prefabricated drainage pipes which are arranged along the groove slope topography of the groove head in a segmented mode, and the adjacent prefabricated drainage pipes are connected through elbows.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the stilling pool is sequentially connected with the tail end of the flow guide pipe, the lower end of the stilling pool is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a barrier.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixing net is arranged 2-3 m away from the water outlet of the stilling pool, the fixing net comprises two rows of branch fixing nets woven by branches and fixed at intervals in the water flow direction, stone or soil bags are filled between the two rows of branch fixing nets, and two ends of the two rows of branch fixing nets are connected with the inner wall of the ditch head.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the grit chamber, the slow flow chamber and the stilling chamber are all built by masonry stones;

the width of the slow flow pool is 1-1.5 m, the length of the slow flow pool is 1.5-2 m, and the depth of the slow flow pool is 0.5-1.0 m; each section of prefabricated drain pipe's length is 1 ~ 3m, and its section is circular, and the diameter is 0.8 ~ 2 m.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a construction method of the trench head protection structure for developing an erosion trench includes:

excavating and building a grit chamber on the ground surface outside a gully head of the developing erosion gully along the axial direction of the gully head;

excavating and building a slow flow pool communicated with the grit chamber between the grit chamber and the ditch head;

digging a catch basin which is communicated with the grit chamber and outwards expands towards the inclined upper part from the grit chamber at each of two sides of the grit chamber;

excavating and building a stilling pool at the bottom of the ditch head, and arranging a flow guide pipe for communicating the slow flow pool and the stilling pool;

and a fixed net is arranged at a distance from the downstream of the stilling pool.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

according to the trench head protection structure for developing erosion trenches, by adopting the technical scheme, the upstream radial flow of the trench head is blocked, stagnated, drained and guided, and dissipated to the bottom of a gentle trench, so that the traceability foreign operation force of the trench head is effectively cut off, the soil body of the trench head is stabilized, erosion collapse is reduced, the growth and expansion of the trench cutting head are rapidly controlled, the upper farmland and roads are protected, and the erosion degradation prevention and ecological management of black land are promoted. The problems of single protection measure, high treatment cost, strong disturbance to land, large occupation, weak rain flood resistance and the like in the existing protection mode are solved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a trench head protection structure for developing an erosion trench in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a trash rack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a gully head protection structure for developing an erosion gully according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mounting net according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. the earth surface; 2. a grit chamber; 21. a trash rack; 22. a water outlet; 3. a slow flow pool; 4. a flow guide pipe; 41. prefabricating a drain pipe; 42. bending the pipe; 5. a stilling pool; 6. fixing the net; 7. intercepting a ditch; 71. enclosing the peduncle; 8. a ditch head; I. a water intercepting section; II. A water storage section; III, a water drop section; IV, an outlet section.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Fig. 1 to 5 are schematic structural views of a gully head protection structure for developing an erosion gully according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The invention is mainly suitable for the inside and outside survey of farmlands and roads in the northeast black soil area, the prevention and control of the plastic erosion and collapse of large and medium development erosion gully heads which suffer from uphill confluence scouring, and has the advantages of simple construction operation, low cost, strong structural stability and obvious erosion reduction effect.

On the one hand, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the gully head protection structure for developing erosion gullies provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a grit chamber 2, a slow flow chamber 3, a flow guide pipe 4, a stilling chamber 5 and a fixing net 6, which are sequentially arranged and communicated along a water flow direction.

In this embodiment, the grit chamber 2, the slow flow chamber 3, the draft tube 4, the stilling chamber 5 and the fixing net 6 are all symmetrical about the axis of the gully head 8.

The grit chamber 2 with the earth's surface 1 outside ditch head 8 is located to slow flow pond 3, specifically, grit chamber 2 with slow flow pond 3 is through digging similar cuboid soil pit in the earth's surface 1 outside ditch head 8 to build grout stone at pool wall and bottom of the pool, in order to increase grit chamber 2 with slow flow pond 3's stability in use and life. Shrubs can be planted on the ditch slope with the ditch head 8 close to the buffer pool to protect the slope.

The stilling pool 5 and the fixed net 6 are arranged at the bottom of a ditch in the ditch head 8, as shown in fig. 1, the ditch head 8 of the embodiment is U-shaped, the stilling pool 5 is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped ditch, the fixed net 6 is arranged at a distance from the stilling pool 5, one end of the flow guide pipe 4 is communicated with the slow flow pool 3, and the other end of the flow guide pipe 4 is communicated with the stilling pool 5.

The outside both sides of grit chamber 2 are equipped with respectively and are used for introducing runoff water into the interception ditch 7 of grit chamber 2, and the direction that the arrow indicates in figure 1 is the water flow direction, grit chamber 2 forms with interception ditch 7 and cuts water section I, and slow flow pond 3 forms water storage section II, and honeycomb duct 4 forms drop section III with absorption basin 5, forms export section IV between absorption basin 5's delivery port and fixed network 6. By carrying out blocking, stagnation, drainage and guide on the upstream runoff of the ditch head and then discharging to the bottom of the gentle ditch in a scattered manner, the upstream runoff of the ditch head is effectively cut off, the soil body of the ditch head is stabilized, erosion slumping is reduced, the cultivation and expansion of the ditch head are controlled rapidly, the farmland and the road on the upper part are protected, and the erosion degradation prevention and control and ecological management of the black land are promoted. After rainfall, the upper part of the ditch head converges and flows through the ditch head protection structure to enter the ditch bottom after being blocked, and the source-tracing erosion of the ditch head of the gully is effectively prevented.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the intercepting ditch 7 is a drainage type intercepting ditch 7, the intercepting ditch 7 is an intercepting grass ditch for planting grass plants in the ditch, grass seeds with developed roots and strong regeneration capacity such as tall fescue, zoysia japonica and the like are planted in the intercepting grass ditch, a surrounding stalk 71 is arranged on one side of the intercepting grass ditch, which is far away from runoff water flow, so that rainfall runoff can be effectively intercepted, the enclosing stalk 71 can be formed by excavating earthworms and stacking the earthworms on the outer side of the grass ditch, the height of the surrounding stalk 71 can be 0.2-0.3 m, the top width is 0.3-0.4 m, and the slope ratio is 1: 0.5-1: 1.

Ridge-protecting shrubs can be planted on the surrounding peduncles 71, and ridge-protecting shrubs such as sea buckthorn, amorpha fruticosa and lespedeza can be planted on the surrounding peduncles 71. The water cutting grass ditch is used for intercepting the runoff of the surface 1 in the catchment slope at the upper part of the ditch head, collecting, conveying and purifying the runoff rainwater, the upper part of the water cutting grass ditch is a slope farmland or a barren slope, and the lower part of the water cutting grass ditch is an erosion ditch.

Specifically, rainfall runoff on the upper part of the ditch head is intercepted by a water-intercepting grass ditch, slope runoff is collected and guided to a grit chamber 2, enters a slow flow tank 3 after grit, is guided to the ditch bottom from the upper part of the ditch head along a guide pipe 4, enters the ditch bottom after energy dissipation by a stilling pool 5, and is finally intercepted by a fixing net 6 and slowly dispersed to a ditch bed.

The standard for defending rainstorm is designed according to the maximum rainfall of 24h in 10 years, and the runoff of the slope is determined according to the product of the average runoff coefficient and the catchment area of a plurality of years. The runoff coefficient can be obtained according to the years of observation data of the runoff in the local runoff plot or by consulting a local hydrological manual.

As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the intercepting drains 7 on both sides of the grit chamber 2 are formed with flared flares to collect runoff water into the intercepting drains 7 to the maximum extent, and the intercepting drains 7 on both sides are communicated with the grit chamber 2.

The length of the intercepting ditch 7 is more than 1.5-2 times of the width of the ditch head, so that rainfall runoff in a confluence area at the upper part of the erosion ditch is completely intercepted, the intercepting ditch 7 is provided with a slope which inclines downwards towards the grit chamber 2 along the length direction of the intercepting ditch, the slope can be 1% -2% of a gradient with a contour line, runoff water can smoothly flow into the grit chamber 2 conveniently, the cross section of the intercepting ditch 7 is in an inverted parabolic shape, and the runoff water can smoothly flow in the ditch conveniently.

According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the inlet and the outlet of the grit chamber 2 are respectively provided with a trash rack 21 for intercepting easy blockage such as crop waste straw, as shown in fig. 3, the trash rack 21 is formed by a framework of steel bars which are vertically arranged at equal intervals, and the gaps between the adjacent steel bars form water passing openings 22.

According to an embodiment of the invention, one end of the slow flow tank 3 is communicated with the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber 2, so that water flowing out of the trash rack 21 can smoothly enter the slow flow tank 3 to play a role of stabilizing water flow, and the other end of the slow flow tank 3 is communicated with the draft tube 4.

According to an embodiment of the invention, because the height difference of the scarp (or the steep slope) of the ditch head of the large and medium-sized development erosion ditch is large, a plurality of sections of prefabricated drain pipes 41, such as concrete prefabricated drain pipes 41, are arranged on the ditch slope from the upper part of the ditch head to the lower part of the ditch bottom in a segmented mode according to the terrain shape of the ditch slope, and the adjacent prefabricated drain pipes 41 are connected through elbows 42 to form the flow guide pipe 4. In practical application, the municipal prefabricated pipe fitting made of materials such as concrete, reinforced concrete or polyethylene with qualified length and diameter can be directly selected.

In this embodiment, the soil on both sides of the prefabricated drain pipe 41 is compacted to form a natural slope, and grass can be planted and irrigated to improve the soil stability and landscape effect around the pipe body. Prefabricated drain pipe 41's benefit is selected for use to the drop section lies in, prefabricated drain pipe 41 can control the rivers direction, under the equal displacement, and the occupation of land is practiced thrift to modes such as the concrete water drainage tank commonly used than now, and because of adopting prefabricated pipe fitting, the construction installation is simple, and is little to original appearance destructiveness, does not influence the domatic vegetation in later stage and resumes.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the stilling pool 5 is sequentially connected with the tail end of the flow guide pipe 4, the lower end of the stilling pool 5 is provided with a water outlet, and a barrier is arranged at the water outlet and can isolate impurities; the stilling pool 5 further dissipates the energy of the water flow discharged by the flow guide pipe 4 and prevents the water flow from directly scouring the bottom of the ditch.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixing net 6 is arranged 2-3 m away from the water outlet of the stilling pool 5, and the fixing net 6 mainly functions in stagnation flow sand blocking and stable erosion of a reference surface so as to protect a trench head protection structure on the upper portion of the fixing net and prevent the trench head protection member from being unstable due to serious underetching of the trench bottom caused by confluent flushing of the upper trench bottom when rainstorm occurs.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixing net 6 includes two rows of branch fixing nets woven by branches fixed at intervals along the water flow direction, stone blocks or soil bags are filled between the two rows of branch fixing nets, and both ends of the two rows of branch fixing nets are connected with the inner wall of the ditch head. The concrete manufacturing process of the fixed net 6 can be that two rows of willow trunks are inserted side by side firstly, every row of adjacent willow trunks are connected by willow branches to form a branch fixed net which is woven in a staggered mode, and then stones (or soil bags) are filled in the branch fixed net, so that the whole structure is simple and reasonable, the stability and the water permeability are high, and the effect of intercepting sediment is achieved.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the stilling pool 5 can also be built by masonry stones; the width of the slow flow pool 3 is 1-2 m, the length is 2-4 m, the depth is 1.5-2.0 m, the width of the slow flow pool 3 is 1-1.5 m, the length is 1.5-2 m, and the depth is 0.5-1.0 m; the length of each section of the prefabricated drain pipe 41 is generally between 1 and 3m due to terrain turning requirements, the section of the prefabricated drain pipe is circular, the diameter of the prefabricated drain pipe is 0.8 to 2m, the prefabricated drain pipe is determined according to the lower discharge flow calculation, but the length of the prefabricated drain pipe is not smaller than 0.8m, and therefore blockage caused by the upper stream lower discharge sundries is prevented.

On the other hand, according to the construction method of the trench head protection structure for developing the erosion trench, when the method is applied to trench head treatment, the specific working process comprises the following steps: determining the position and the size of each protective component, implementing construction, implementing the fixed net 6 and the like.

The specific construction method comprises the following steps:

excavating and building a grit chamber 2 on the earth surface 1 outside a gully head of a developing erosion gully along the axial direction of the gully head;

excavating and building a slow flow pool 3 communicated with the grit chamber 2 between the grit chamber 2 and the ditch head;

digging a water intercepting ditch 7 which is communicated with the grit chamber 2 and is outwards expanded towards the inclined upper part from the grit chamber 2 at two sides of the grit chamber 2;

excavating and building a stilling pool 5 at the bottom of the ditch head, and arranging a flow guide pipe 4 for communicating the slow flow pool 3 with the stilling pool 5;

and a fixed net 6 is arranged at a position which is a certain distance, such as 2-3 meters, from the downstream of the stilling pool 5. The embodiment is through at the bottom of carrying out block, sink, arrange and lead, the loose row to gentle ditch after eliminating power to the overhead runoff of ditch, effectively cuts off the ditch head and traces to the source and build up the strength outward, realizes firm ditch head soil body, reduces to corrode and slumps, and quick control is cut off ditch head and is educated the extension, protect upper portion farmland, road, promotes the erosion degradation prevention and cure of black soil and ecological improvement.

Firstly, determining the maximum rainfall of 24h in 10 years in the local area through runoff observation data of a runoff plot in a design area or by referring to a local hydrologic manual, calculating the section size of a catch basin 7, determining the sizes of a grit chamber 2, a slow flow chamber 3 and a stilling basin 5, and determining specific parameters, wherein the specifications are applicable to the relevant regulations of similar measures in the northeast black soil area in specifications such as 'water and soil conservation integrated management technology specification gully management technology (GB/T16453.3-2008)', 'water and soil conservation integrated management technology specification small-sized storage and drainage water engineering (GB/T16453.4-2008)' and 'black soil area water and soil loss integrated control technology standard (SL 446-open 2009)' and the like. And determining the size and the number of the drainage pipes according to field construction conditions and the drainage flow. The concrete positions of the protective members are marked by dry lime powder, so that the subsequent construction operation is facilitated.

The grit chamber 2, the slow flow chamber 3 and the stilling pool 5 are all built by using masonry stones, and the foundation of the masonry stone engineering needs to be cleaned and treated before construction, and is subjected to a grouting method. For the primary mixed concrete with the masonry gap pouring strength grade of C20, the frost resistance grade of the concrete is D20, the maximum aggregate particle size is 20mm, and the fineness modulus of sand is not less than 3.0. Common masonry cementitious materials include cement mortar and gravel mortar. The sand used by the cement mortar has good gradation and hard texture, the maximum grain diameter is not more than 5mm, and the impurity content is not more than 5%. Different protection constructions are preferably carried out by adopting the working procedures of sequentially building section by section from top to bottom.

The fixed net 6 mainly uses wicker or wicker stake as main body. Filling broken stones (or soil bags) in the middle of a plurality of pieces of wickerwork at equal intervals, fixing the wickerwork by using wood piles and wood rods, leading the wickerwork by using lead wires, enabling the wickers to grow for 2-3 years, inserting the wickers into the soil for 0.3-0.5 m, filling broken stones on the ground for about 0.5m, and cutting tips of the wickers at the position 0.2m higher than the landfill surface; the willow-stump check dam consists of a plurality of transverse willow stumps, the thickness of each willow stump is more than 3cm, the distance between the willow stumps is less than 20cm, the distance between every two willow stumps in each row is 0.5m, the willow stumps are inserted into the ground for 0.5m, and the willow stumps are left on the ground for about 1.0 m.

The invention is mainly suitable for the inside and outside survey of farmlands and roads in the northeast black soil area, the prevention and control of the plastic erosion and collapse of large and medium development erosion gully heads and the vegetation restoration which suffer from the erosion of uphill confluence, can quickly stabilize the gully heads, reduce the water and soil loss and increase the vegetation coverage, has simple construction operation, low cost, small occupied area, small disturbance, strong stability, good erosion reduction effect and ecological landscape, can effectively protect cultivated land and roads, and has good application and popularization prospects.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gully head protective structure for developing an erosion gully, comprising:

the sand setting tank, the slow flow tank, the flow guide pipe, the stilling tank and the fixed net are sequentially arranged and communicated along the water flow direction;

the grit chamber and the slow flow chamber are arranged on the earth surface outside the ditch head, the stilling chamber and the fixed net are arranged at the ditch bottom in the ditch head, one end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the slow flow chamber, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the stilling chamber;

and intercepting ditches for introducing runoff water into the grit chamber are respectively arranged on two sides outside the grit chamber.

2. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench as in claim 1, wherein the cut-off trench is a cut-off grass trench in which grass plants are planted, and wherein a surrounding stalk is provided on a side of the cut-off grass trench facing away from the runoff water flow, and ridge-protecting shrubs are planted on the surrounding stalk.

3. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench of claim 1, wherein the intercepting ditches at both sides outside the grit chamber are formed with flared trumpets therebetween, and the intercepting ditches at both sides are communicated with the grit chamber;

the length of catch basin is more than 1.5 ~ 2 times of ditch head width, the catch basin is equipped with along its length direction towards the downward slope of grit chamber slope, the cross section of catch basin is the shape of inverted parabolic line.

4. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench according to claim 3, wherein the inlet and outlet of the grit chamber are respectively provided with a trash rack, and the trash rack is made of a framework of steel bars arranged in vertical rows at equal intervals.

5. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench of claim 4, wherein one end of the slow flow tank communicates with the bottom of the outlet of the grit chamber and the other end of the slow flow tank communicates with the draft tube.

6. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench in accordance with claim 1, wherein the flow guide comprises prefabricated drainage pipes arranged in sections along the trench slope topography of the trench head, adjacent ones of the prefabricated drainage pipes being connected by bends.

7. The trench head protection structure of the developmental erosion trench according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the stilling pool is connected with the end of the draft tube in sequence, the lower end of the stilling pool is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is provided with a barrier.

8. The gully head protection structure of the developmental erosion gully according to claim 7, wherein the fixing net is arranged 2-3 m away from the water outlet of the absorption basin, the fixing net comprises two rows of branch fixing nets woven by branches and fixed at intervals along the water flow direction, stone blocks or soil bags are filled between the two rows of branch fixing nets, and two ends of the two rows of branch fixing nets are connected with the inner wall of the gully head.

9. The trench head protection structure of a developmental erosion trench according to claim 6 wherein the grit chamber, the surge chamber, the stilling chamber are all masonry stone;

the width of the slow flow pool is 1-1.5 m, the length of the slow flow pool is 1.5-2 m, and the depth of the slow flow pool is 0.5-1.0 m; each section of prefabricated drain pipe's length is 1 ~ 3m, and its section is circular, and the diameter is 0.8 ~ 2 m.

10. A method of constructing a trench head protection structure for a developmental erosion trench as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

excavating and building a grit chamber on the ground surface outside a gully head of the developing erosion gully along the axial direction of the gully head;

excavating and building a slow flow pool communicated with the grit chamber between the grit chamber and the ditch head;

digging a catch basin which is communicated with the grit chamber and outwards expands towards the inclined upper part from the grit chamber at each of two sides of the grit chamber;

excavating and building a stilling pool at the bottom of the ditch head, and arranging a flow guide pipe for communicating the slow flow pool and the stilling pool;

and a fixed net is arranged at a distance from the downstream of the stilling pool.

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