CN111379224B

CN111379224B - Wet joint construction equipment and wet joint construction method

Info

Publication number: CN111379224B
Application number: CN202010196861.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨继承; 魏家乐; 李琨; 张�杰; 惠迎新; 段川; 张钤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-19
Filing date: 2020-03-19
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-19
Also published as: CN111379224A

Abstract

The invention discloses wet joint construction equipment and a wet joint construction method. And when the electromagnet is powered off, the elastic piece drives the clamping block to extend out of the template and be clamped with the hook of the prefabricated plate. And then removing the electromagnet and pouring a wet joint by using the mechanical arm. And finally, after the concrete is solidified, the electromagnet is installed again, the electromagnet attracts the attraction block to move after being electrified, the clamping block is driven to retract into the template, and the template is retracted by the electromagnet. According to the wet joint construction equipment and the wet joint construction method, automation is realized in the processes of template installation, concrete pouring and template dismantling, the characteristics of rapid assembly construction of the steel plate combination beam are further developed, the standardization degree is improved, the construction efficiency is higher, and the construction quality is ensured.

Description

Wet joint construction equipment and wet joint construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to wet joint construction equipment and a wet joint construction method.

Background

The steel plate composite beam integrates the steel beam and the reinforced concrete plate through the shear keys, the tensile property of steel and the compressive property of concrete are fully exerted, the steel plate composite beam has the characteristics of light weight, good ductility, strong shock resistance and the like, prefabricated production and assembly construction can be realized, the steel plate composite beam is green and environment-friendly, the energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction field can be promoted, and the production efficiency and the construction quality can be improved.

In the construction process of the steel plate composite beam, steel beams are assembled into small sections in a factory and are transported to a construction site, reinforced concrete slabs are prefabricated in a concrete prefabrication site, then the steel beams transported to the small sections of the bridge site are assembled into large sections, and the adjacent large sections are spliced after the steel beams are erected to the bridge site by spanning with a bridge girder erection machine. And hoisting the precast slabs above the steel beams, pouring wet joints to form a steel-concrete combined section, and finally, after the concrete reaches the design strength, performing construction of auxiliary facilities such as guardrail and bridge deck pavement.

In the construction process of the steel plate composite beam, the production of the steel beam and the precast slab realizes the industrial construction, and the production efficiency and the building quality are easily ensured. However, the construction process of the on-site wet joints is basically the same as that of the traditional cast-in-place concrete, and comprises formwork erection, reinforcement, concrete pouring, maintenance, formwork removal and the like, each span of the steel plate composite beam is divided into a plurality of wet joints, each wet joint needs to be subjected to formwork erection and formwork removal independently, the construction is complicated, the steel plate composite beam is constructed without a support and can only be operated on a bridge floor, workers cannot reach an operation formwork at the bottom of the beam during construction, the construction efficiency and the quality control are not ideal, and the construction process also becomes one of the factors for limiting the rapid development of the bridge.

At present, the template construction of the wet joint of the steel plate combination beam has two modes, and the two modes adopt manual installation and manual fixation. The first method is a suspension method, namely, workers control steel wire ropes at a bridge floor to lift a template from the lower part of a bridge position to the bottom surface of a wet joint, and the method has the advantages that the rigidity and the quality of the template can be customized according to requirements, but a plurality of steps of template transportation, lifting, fixing and the like need to be finished successively during construction, the construction efficiency is low, the defects of a beam bottom in contact with the template are not easy to find, and the slurry leakage phenomenon possibly exists in wet joint pouring. If rivers or ditches are arranged under the wet joints, the templates still need to move transversely, the construction difficulty is high, the whole dismantling process and the installation process of the templates are basically the same, the labor and the time are wasted, and the economic benefit is poor. In the second method, the thin steel plate is directly used as a disposable template, the prefabricated plate edge is hoisted while the template is placed and fixed, and the whole is formed after pouring is finished after wet joint.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a wet joint construction apparatus and a wet joint construction method, which are directed to the problems of low wet joint construction efficiency and difficulty in construction quality control of the conventional steel plate composite beam.

A wet joint construction apparatus comprising:

the walking control system is movably arranged on the bridge;

the mechanical arm is connected with the walking control system, the walking control system controls the mechanical arm to act, and an electromagnet is mounted at the tail end of the mechanical arm;

the template can be arranged on the electromagnet, the mechanical arm can convey the template to a position between two adjacent prefabricated plates, and the side wall of the template opposite to the prefabricated plates is provided with a mounting groove; and

the clamping structure comprises a clamping block, an elastic piece and an attraction block, wherein the clamping block is arranged in the mounting groove in a sliding mode, two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected with the clamping block and the bottom wall of the mounting groove, the elastic piece can drive the clamping block to stretch out, the template is externally connected with a hook of the prefabricated plate in a clamping mode, the attraction block is connected with the clamping block through a connecting rope, and the electromagnet can attract the attraction block to move so as to drive the clamping block to retract into the template.

In one embodiment, the bridge deck is provided with track beams, and the walking control system is slidably arranged on the track beams.

In one embodiment, the template is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove is communicated with the mounting groove, and the attraction block is slidably arranged in the sliding groove.

In one embodiment, the fixture block is slidably disposed in the mounting groove through a roller.

In one embodiment, the clamping structure further comprises a tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel is installed in the installation groove, and the tensioning wheel tensions the connection rope.

In one embodiment, the electromagnet is provided with a limit screw, the templates are sequentially stacked on the electromagnet, and the limit screw is used for sleeving the templates.

In one embodiment, a counterweight is installed on the walking control system, and the counterweight and the mechanical arm are respectively located on two opposite sides of the walking control system.

In one embodiment, the prefabricated plate formwork further comprises a sealing gasket, after the clamping block is clamped with the hook of the prefabricated plate, the prefabricated plate and the formwork are overlapped, and the sealing gasket is arranged in a gap between the overlapped part of the prefabricated plate and the formwork in a sealing mode.

A construction method of a wet joint of a steel plate composite beam adopts any one of the wet joint construction equipment, and comprises the following steps:

a walking control system and a mechanical arm are installed, the electromagnet is electrified to work, and the mechanical arm conveys the template to a position between two adjacent prefabricated plates;

the electromagnet is powered off, and the elastic part drives the clamping block to extend out of the template and be clamped with the hook of the precast slab;

removing the electromagnet, and pouring a wet joint by using the mechanical arm; and

after the concrete is solidified, the electromagnet is installed again, the electromagnet attracts the attraction block to move after being electrified, the clamping block is driven to retract into the formwork, and the formwork is retracted by the electromagnet.

In one embodiment, after the concrete is solidified, the electromagnet is installed again, the electromagnet attracts the attraction block to move after being electrified, and drives the fixture block to retract into the formwork, and the step of retracting the formwork by the electromagnet further includes:

and (4) removing the electromagnet, and spraying or steam curing the concrete in the wet joint one by using a mechanical arm.

The wet joint construction equipment and the wet joint construction method at least have the following advantages:

the template is moved and positioned through the mechanical arm and the electromagnet, the elastic piece can drive the clamping block to extend out of the template and be clamped with the hook of the prefabricated plate, the electromagnet can attract the attraction block to move so as to drive the clamping block to retract into the template, the template is flexibly and conveniently disassembled, and the wet joint is poured through the mechanical arm, so that automation is realized in the process of installing the template, pouring concrete and removing the template, the characteristics of rapid assembling construction of the steel plate combination beam are further developed, the standardization degree is improved, the construction efficiency is higher, and the construction quality is ensured. And the template can be customized according to strength, rigidity, stability and construction requirements, and can be repeatedly used, and the economic efficiency is better while the quality can be ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bridge along a longitudinal section in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a wet joint construction apparatus for installing support beam inner forms;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of FIG. 2 with a plurality of die plates mounted to electromagnets;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the clamping connection of the formwork in FIG. 2 with the hooks of the precast slabs through a clamping structure;

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method of wet joint construction according to one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a wet joint construction apparatus mounting a support beam outer form;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a wet joint construction apparatus pouring a wet joint;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a wet joint construction apparatus disassembly template;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of wet joint construction equipment maintaining the bottom of a bridge.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a wet joint construction apparatus according to an embodiment is mainly used for constructing wet joints 16 of bridges 10 such as steel plate composite beams, precast concrete box beams, and precast concrete T-beams. The bridge 10 includes a support beam 12 and a plurality of precast slabs 14, wherein the two support beams 12 are spaced apart from each other, the plurality of precast slabs 14 are sequentially laid on the support beam 12 to form a deck, and a wet joint 16 is formed between two adjacent precast slabs 14 by cast-in-place concrete.

Referring to fig. 3, the wet joint construction equipment includes a walking control system 100, a robot arm 200, a formwork 300, and a clamping structure 400. The walking control system 100 is movably installed on the deck of the bridge 10. In one embodiment, the deck of the bridge 10 is provided with a rail beam 110, and the walking control system 100 is slidably disposed on the rail beam 110, so that the walking control system 100 can be movably mounted on the deck of the bridge 10.

The robot arm 200 is connected to the walking control system 100, the end of the robot arm 200 extends into the bottom of the bridge 10, and the end of the robot arm 200 is mounted with an electromagnet 210. The movement of the walking control system 100 can adjust the position of the robot arm 200 in the longitudinal direction of the bridge 10, and the robot arm 200 itself can move to adjust the position of the electromagnet 210 in the transverse direction of the bridge 10. The electromagnet 210 can be detached, so that concrete can be poured by the mechanical arm 200 conveniently.

In one embodiment, the weight block 120 is installed on the walking control system 100, and the weight block 120 and the robot arm 200 are respectively located at two opposite sides of the walking control system 100, and the weight block 120 can keep the gravity center of the walking control system 100 concentrated on the track beam 110, thereby preventing the walking control system 100 from bearing stress for a long time and reducing the service life.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a form 300 can be placed on the electromagnets 210 and the robotic arm 200 can transfer the form 300 between two adjacent panels 14 so that the form 300 carries concrete that is subsequently poured into the wet joint 16. The side wall of the formwork 300 opposite to the prefabricated panel 14 is provided with a mounting groove 310, and the mounting groove 310 is used for mounting the catching structure 400.

In one embodiment, the template 300 is a steel template that can be attracted to the electromagnet 210. Be equipped with stop screw 220 on the electro-magnet 210, a plurality of templates 300 range upon range of in proper order on electro-magnet 210, and on stop screw 220 was located to a plurality of templates 300 covers, stop screw 220 can realize the installation and the dismantlement of polylith template 300, has reduced the work that robotic arm 200 made a round trip to adjust repeatedly, and work efficiency further promotes.

The locking structure 400 is used for being locked with the hooks 142 on the prefabricated panels 14 so as to fix the formwork 300 between two adjacent prefabricated panels 14. Specifically, the locking structure 400 includes a locking block 410, an elastic member 420 and an attraction block 430. The latch 410 is slidably disposed in the mounting groove 310. In one embodiment, the latch 410 is slidably disposed in the mounting groove 310 via the roller 450. The latch 410 has a trapezoidal structure, and the lower bottom of the latch 410 is engaged with the hook 142.

One end of the elastic member 420 is connected to the latch 410, and the other end of the elastic member 420 is mounted on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 310, and the elastic force provided by the elastic member 420 can drive the latch 410 to extend out of the molding board 300, thereby latching the latch 410 to the hook 142 of the prefabricated board 14. In one embodiment, the elastic member 420 is a spring. Of course, the elastic member 420 may have other columnar structures having elastic force.

The attraction block 430 is connected to the latch 410 by a connection string 440, and when the electromagnet 210 is energized, the electromagnet 210 can attract the attraction block 430 to move, thereby drawing the latch 410 back into the template 300, so that the template 300 is separated from the prefabricated panel 14. The attraction block 430 is an iron block. Of course, the attraction block 430 may have other structures capable of attracting the electromagnet, such as a magnet. The template 300 is provided with a sliding groove 320, the sliding groove 320 is communicated with the mounting groove 310, and the attraction block 430 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 320. In one embodiment, the locking structure 400 further includes a tensioning wheel 460, the tensioning wheel 460 is installed in the installation groove 310, and the tensioning wheel 460 tensions the connection rope 440 to prevent the connection rope 440 from interfering with other structures.

In one embodiment, the wet joint construction equipment further comprises a sealing gasket 500, after the fixture block 410 is clamped with the hook 142 of the prefabricated slab 14, the prefabricated slab 14 and the formwork 300 are partially overlapped, and the sealing gasket 500 is hermetically arranged in a gap between the overlapped part of the prefabricated slab 14 and the formwork 300, so that slurry leakage during concrete pouring can be avoided, and the quality is guaranteed. Specifically, the gasket 500 may be a rubber gasket.

Referring to fig. 5, the present invention further provides a wet joint construction method, which uses the above wet joint construction apparatus to implement the wet joint construction method. Specifically, the construction method comprises the following steps:

step S110: the walking control system 100 and the mechanical arm 200 are arranged, the electromagnet 210 is electrified to work, and the mechanical arm 200 conveys the template 300 to the position between two adjacent prefabricated plates 14.

Referring to fig. 2, specifically, after the track beam 110 is installed on the bridge deck of the bridge 10, the walking control system 100 is slidably installed on the track beam 110, and then the robot arm 200 and the counterweight 120 are sequentially installed on the walking control system 100, wherein the end of the robot arm 200 extends to the bottom of the bridge 10. The templates 300 are placed on the electromagnet 210, the templates 300 are sequentially stacked, and the limit screw 220 limits the templates 300.

After the electromagnet 210 is energized, the electromagnet 210 attracts the attraction block 430, and the attraction block 430 slides downward, so that the latch 410 is retracted into the mounting groove 310. The walking control system 100 moves in the longitudinal direction of the bridge 10, and can adjust the position of the robot arm 200, and the robot arm 200 can reciprocate in the transverse direction of the bridge 10, so that the template 300 can be input between two adjacent prefabricated panels 14.

In one embodiment, in order to avoid the overlong robot arm 200 and the limited travel of the robot arm 200, the walking control system 100, the counterweight 120 and the robot arm 200 are respectively disposed on two sides of the bridge 10, and the two robot arms 200 respectively perform construction on the areas on two sides of the bridge 10.

Step S120: when the electromagnet 210 is powered off, the elastic member 420 drives the fixture 410 to extend out of the formwork 300 to be clamped with the hook 142 of the prefabricated slab 14.

Specifically, after the electromagnet 210 is de-energized, the attraction force of the electromagnet 210 to the attraction block 430 is no longer applied, the elastic force provided by the elastic member 420 drives the latch 410 to extend out of the stencil 300, and the attraction block 430 moves upward. After the fixture 410 is extended out of the formwork 300, the fixture 410 is engaged with the hook 142, so that the formwork 300 can be fixed between two adjacent prefabricated panels 14, and the formwork 300 can bear poured concrete.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, in the installation process of the formwork 300, the formwork 300 between the two support beams 12 is installed first, and the length of the robot arm 200 is long and needs to go around the support beams 12, and then the formwork 300 on the outer suspension arms of the two support beams 12 is installed by the same method, and the length of the robot arm 200 is short.

Step S130: electromagnet 210 is removed and wet joint 16 is poured using robot arm 200.

Referring to fig. 7, specifically, after the electromagnet 210 is removed, the end of the robot arm 200 is located at the upper portion of the bridge 10, and concrete is poured into the wet joint 16 by using the robot arm 200, so that time can be saved and efficiency can be improved. In the concrete pouring process, the sealing gaskets 500 arranged at the edges of the wet joints 16 can leak slurry during concrete pouring, and the quality is guaranteed.

Step S140: after the concrete is solidified, the electromagnet 210 is installed again, the electromagnet 210 attracts the attraction block 430 to move after being electrified, the fixture block 410 is driven to retract into the formwork 300, and the formwork 300 is retracted by the electromagnet 210.

Referring to fig. 8, specifically, after the concrete has a certain strength after solidification, the electromagnet 210 is installed again, the electromagnet 210 is powered on to attract the attraction block 430, the attraction block 430 moves downward to drive the fixture block 410 to retract into the formwork 300, and the formwork 300 is placed on the electromagnet 210.

Referring to fig. 9, in one embodiment, the step S140 further includes: and (3) removing the electromagnets 210, and spraying or steam curing the concrete in the wet joints 16 one by using the mechanical arms 200, so that the bottom of the bridge 10 is cured, and the construction quality of the bottom of the bridge 10 is ensured.

According to the wet joint construction equipment and the wet joint construction method, the electromagnet 210 and the mechanical arm 200 can be used for flexibly realizing the movement, positioning, installation and removal of the template 300, the track beam 110, the mechanical arm 200 and the walking control system 100 are fully utilized, the automation of concrete pouring and maintenance is realized, and the problem that the beam bottom cannot be maintained by adopting a conventional method is solved. The template 300 can be customized according to strength, rigidity, stability and construction requirements, and can be recycled, and the economic efficiency is good while the quality can be ensured. And a thin-layer sealing gasket 500 is paved at the edge of the joint 16 to be wetted, so that slurry leakage during concrete pouring can be avoided, and the quality is ensured. The horizontal elastic member 420 and the trapezoidal fixture block 410 are arranged, so that the template 300 can be conveniently installed and clamped, and the electromagnet 210 controls the vertical movement of the suction block 430, so that the template 300 can be flexibly removed. Through setting up stop screw 220, can realize that polylith template 300 installs in proper order, reduce robotic arm 200 and make a round trip to adjust's work repeatedly, efficiency further promotes.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wet joint construction apparatus, comprising:

the walking control system is movably arranged on the bridge;

2. The wet joint construction apparatus of claim 1, wherein the deck of the bridge is provided with a track beam, the travel control system being slidably disposed on the track beam.

3. The wet joint construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the formwork is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding groove is communicated with the mounting groove, and the suction block is slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

4. The wet joint construction apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fixture block is slidably disposed in the mounting groove by a roller.

5. The wet joint construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the catching structure further comprises a tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel being installed in the installation groove, and the tensioning wheel tensioning the connection rope.

6. The wet joint construction equipment according to claim 1, wherein a limit screw is provided on the electromagnet, the plurality of templates are sequentially stacked on the electromagnet, and the limit screw is provided for the plurality of templates to be sleeved.

7. The wet joint construction equipment of claim 1, wherein a weight block is installed on the walking control system, and the weight block and the robot arm are respectively located at opposite sides of the walking control system.

8. The wet joint construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a sealing gasket, wherein after the clamping block is clamped with the hook of the prefabricated slab, the prefabricated slab and the formwork are partially overlapped, and the sealing gasket is arranged in a gap between the overlapped part of the prefabricated slab and the formwork in a sealing manner.

9. A wet joint construction method using the wet joint construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:

10. The wet joint construction method according to claim 9, wherein after the concrete is solidified, the electromagnet is installed again, the electromagnet attracts the attraction block to move after being electrified, the fixture block is driven to retract into the formwork, and the step of retracting the formwork by the electromagnet further comprises: