CN111362755A

CN111362755A - Manure composition containing red mud

Info

Publication number: CN111362755A
Application number: CN202010386615.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡玉青
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-05-09
Filing date: 2020-05-09
Publication date: 2020-07-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a manure composition containing red mud, which comprises animal wastes and a modifier; the modifying agent comprises alum, acid, red mud, a curing agent and a thickening agent; the modifying agent is used in admixture with the animal manure in order to inhibit volatilization of ammonia in the animal manure, to reduce solubility of phosphorus in the animal manure and to adjust the pH of the animal manure to 6.5-8.0. The manure composition containing red mud provided by the application can effectively reduce the solubility of phosphorus in manure and reduce phosphorus loss. Inhibit volatilization of ammonia in feces, increase nitrogen content in manure, reduce energy consumption of animal husbandry facilities, and improve animal performance (such as weight gain, feed conversion rate, and disease resistance). The pH of the manure can also be lowered.

Description

Manure composition containing red mud

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a manure composition containing red mud.

Background

The ammonia (NH) produced by agriculture and animal husbandry is the largest global₃) A source of emissions. According to the 2010 research result of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), the emission of ammonia gas from the agricultural source of european union countries accounts for 89% of the total emission, wherein the emission of ammonia gas from animal husbandry accounts for 67% of the agricultural source. Agricultural sources account for 95% of ammonia emission in China, and animal husbandry accounts for 50% of ammonia emission in China. NH (NH)₃The large amount of discharged nitrogen can cause the increase of nitrogen sedimentation, the proper amount of nitrogen sedimentation is beneficial to the absorption of nitrogen in the growth of partial plants, if a large amount of nitrogen is settled in a nitrogen sensitive area, a series of environmental problems can be caused, for example, ammonia enters water along with the dry and wet sedimentation of the atmosphere, the acidity of surface water can be increased, coastal eutrophication can be caused, and if the ammonia enters a land ecosystem, soil acidification can be caused.

Especially in the process of breeding in animal breeding facilities, the volatilization of a large amount of ammonia gas not only affects the environment, but also has adverse effects on the health condition of the bred animals. Prolonged exposure of animals to high concentrations of ammonia can negatively impact feed conversion rates and weight gain, as well as cause eye damage. Meanwhile, the nitrogen content in the animal manure is reduced due to the volatilization of ammonia gas, and when the animal manure is used as a fertilizer, a chemical nitrogen fertilizer is usually required to be added for supplementing the nitrogen content due to the low nitrogen content. In addition, because animal waste usually contains a large amount of phosphorus, but because the related treatment is lacked in the prior art, the phosphorus loss in the animal waste is serious, the loss of a large amount of phosphorus can not only damage the environment, but also when the animal waste is used as a fertilizer, a certain amount of chemical phosphate fertilizer is usually needed to be supplemented due to the phosphorus loss so as to meet the needs of plant growth.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a manure composition containing red mud.

The invention provides the following scheme:

a manure composition containing red mud, which comprises animal manure and a modifier; the modifying agent comprises alum, acid, red mud, a curing agent and a thickening agent;

the modifying agent is used in admixture with the animal manure in order to inhibit volatilization of ammonia in the animal manure, to reduce solubility of phosphorus in the animal manure and to adjust the pH of the animal manure to 6.5-8.0.

Preferably: the mass ratio of the animal excrement to the modifying agent is 50-99.999: 0.001-50.

Preferably: the modifier comprises 0 to 99.9 weight percent of alum, 0.1 to 19.9 weight percent of acid, 0.1 to 99.9 weight percent of red mud, 0.5 to 15.9 weight percent of curing agent and 0.5 to 25.9 weight percent of thickening agent.

Preferably: the acid is one or a mixture of more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and perchloric acid.

Preferably: the pH value of the red mud is 10-15.

Preferably: the red mud comprises 25-40% of silicon dioxide, 15-25% of aluminum oxide, 10-45% of ferric oxide, 0-3% of magnesium oxide, 0-5% of sodium oxide, 15% of sodium peroxide, 15-23% of titanium monoxide, 0-1% of manganese dioxide and 5-45% of water.

Preferably: the curing agent is any one or a mixture of more of molasses, gum arabic, sodium alginate, glycerol, gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, asphalt, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina sol, sodium polyphosphate, lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, a surfactant, starch and a thermosetting resin material.

Preferably: the thickener is one or more of bentonite, clay, kaolin, sericite, talc, acid clay, pumice, silica sand, zircon, zeolite, perlite, vermiculite, rice hull, sawdust, wood powder, pulp ball and soybean powder.

Preferably: the animal waste is any one or a mixture of solid animal waste, liquid animal waste and poultry waste.

Preferably: the animal waste is the animal waste located in the animal feeding facility, and the animal feeding facility is the facility that is used for raising any one animal in chicken, duck, goose, sheep, pig, ox, horse, rabbit.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

by the invention, a manure composition containing red mud can be realized, and in an implementation mode, the composition can comprise animal wastes and a modifier; the modifying agent comprises alum, acid, red mud, a curing agent and a thickening agent; the modifying agent is used in admixture with the animal manure in order to inhibit volatilization of ammonia in the animal manure, to reduce solubility of phosphorus in the animal manure and to adjust the pH of the animal manure to 6.5-8.0. The manure composition containing red mud provided by the application can effectively reduce the solubility of phosphorus in manure and reduce phosphorus loss. Inhibit volatilization of ammonia in feces, increase nitrogen content in manure, reduce energy consumption of animal husbandry facilities, and improve animal performance (such as weight gain, feed conversion rate, and disease resistance). The pH of the manure can also be lowered.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a manure composition containing red mud, which comprises animal wastes and a modifier; the modifying agent comprises alum, acid, red mud, a curing agent and a thickening agent; the animal waste is any one or a mixture of solid animal waste, liquid animal waste and poultry waste. Further, the animal waste is the animal waste located in the animal feeding facility, and the animal feeding facility is a facility for feeding any one animal of chicken, duck, goose, sheep, pig, cattle, horse and rabbit. Animal waste as provided herein refers to solid waste of animal waste and urine, and may also include food spilled on animal beds, spilled water, and/or feathers. Including feces from, for example, chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, pigs, sheep, goats, cattle, cows, horses, or rabbits. The animal waste may be solid, liquid or slurry. Animal waste solids refer to waste solids present in the manure-containing component, such as poultry waste or animal waste slurry. The solids content refers to the amount of solids remaining in the composition after the water in the liquid has evaporated. In some cases, the solid matter in the animal manure will not mix with anything, such as in a cattle farm.

Further, the mass ratio of the animal excrement to the modifying agent is 50-99.999: 0.001-50. The modifier provided by the application can inhibit volatilization of ammonia in excrement and reduce the level of soluble phosphorus in the excrement and phosphorus runoff of a fertilization farmland. Because the composition of animal manure varies widely, the amount of modifier treatment composition required to reduce ammonia volatilization varies. However, the amount of fertilizer treatment ingredient required to inhibit the accumulation of atmospheric ammonia in a poultry farming facility is an amount sufficient to maintain the pH of the litter at a low value sufficient to inhibit ammonia volatilization. The litter is applied with the fertilizer treatment ingredients in an amount corresponding to about 0.001-50% by weight of the litter on a dry weight basis. For example, if a ratio of 4% is used, 40 grams of the improver treatment ingredient may be administered per kilogram of stool. In normal growth phase, 20000 chickens will produce 20 tons of moist poultry manure (16 tons dry). Thus, if a ratio of 4% is used, each poultry farm requires 0.8 tons of improver to treat after each growth. The agent is preferably applied to the top of the manure or poultry manure at the time of use and thoroughly mixed with a mechanical mixer (e.g., a garbage rot machine). This treatment can be applied to the surface of the fertilizer without mixing. The treated animal manure is used as a fertilizer, such as poultry manure, so that nitrogen loss in the manure can be greatly reduced, and the value of the treated poultry manure as a nitrogen fertilizer source is further improved.

The modifier comprises 0 to 99.9 weight percent of alum, 0.1 to 19.9 weight percent of acid, 0.1 to 99.9 weight percent of red mud, 0.5 to 15.9 weight percent of curing agent and 0.5 to 25.9 weight percent of thickening agent. Preferably, the modifying agent comprises 0.1-99.9 wt% of alum, 0.1-19.9 wt% of acid, 0.1-99.9 wt% of red mud, 0.5-15.9 wt% of curing agent and 0.5-25.9 wt% of thickening agent. Preferably, the modifying agent comprises 10-90 wt% of alum, 2-70 wt% of acid, 2-10 wt% of red mud, 0.5-15.9 wt% of curing agent and 0.5-25.9 wt% of thickening agent.

When the modifier is added into animal manure, a treated manure composition is formed, so that the environment can be improved, and the health of animals can be guaranteed. A method of treating animal manure comprises contacting the animal manure with a treatment-effective amount of an improver as described above to form a treated product having improved environmental, animal health performance characteristics. Ammonia volatilization in the animal waste can be inhibited, and alum sludge in the modifying agent is applied to the animal waste in an amount sufficient to lower the pH of the animal waste and thereby reduce ammonia volatilization in the poultry waste or animal waste for at least 24 hours as compared to untreated animal waste. Atmospheric ammonia levels can be controlled in an animal husbandry facility, with a particular method of use comprising applying the above-described fertilizer conditioner to a portion of an animal manure-receiving surface (e.g., added to the floor in the animal husbandry facility) in an amount sufficient to lower the pH of the portion, thereby inhibiting volatilization of ammonia from the manure-receiving surface for at least 24 hours to control the atmospheric ammonia levels in the animal husbandry facility to a lower level. The amount of phosphorus loss in a field to which animal manure is applied can be reduced by treating animal manure for use as an agricultural fertilizer by mixing the animal manure with the above-described fertilizer improver at a rate sufficient to reduce water-soluble phosphorus in the animal manure, and then applying the poultry manure or animal manure to the field (e.g., soil) as an agricultural fertilizer.

In the 90's of the 20 th century, the alum provided by the present application, and the scholars found that simple topical application of alum to poultry feces reduced phosphorus loss and NH₃While it has also been shown that alum reduces the loss of arsenic, copper and zinc from manure farmlands. Chemical additives such as alum are added to poultry manure to reduce phosphorus solubility. Alum is added into the poultry manure, so that the method not only reduces the emission of ammonia nitrogen, reduces the concentration of phosphorus, metal and estrogen in runoff, reduces the environmental benefits such as phosphorus leaching loss and the like, but also can improve the yield of poultry and improve the yield of crops when the manure is used as a fertilizer. Due to the fact thatThe cost of the alum which is simply used is too high, so that the scheme provided by the application adopts the compound modifying agent to achieve the purpose and reduce the manufacturing cost of the modifying agent.

The acid provided by the application is one or a mixture of more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and perchloric acid. Preferably sulfuric acid. The acid provided by the application can acidify the surface of the excrement, so that the aim of reducing ammonia gas generation is fulfilled. The use of alum can reduce the use amount of alum and ensure the good effect of reducing the volatilization of ammonia gas.

The pH of the red mud provided by the application is 10-15. The red mud comprises 25-40% of silicon dioxide, 15-25% of aluminum oxide, 10-45% of ferric oxide, 0-3% of magnesium oxide, 0-5% of sodium oxide, 15% of sodium peroxide, 15-23% of titanium monoxide, 0-1% of manganese dioxide and 5-45% of water. The red mud, the curing agent and the thickening agent provided by the application not only can adjust the pH value of the acidic animal waste, but also can be used for realizing a certain auxiliary effect on the volatilization of ammonia gas. Some livestock manure is strong acid fertilizer (pH is 3.6-4.7), so the application of the acidic livestock manure in an orchard is free from ignition and burning, and causes the damages of rotten roots, black roots, yellow leaves, premature senility of tree vigor, yellowing diseases and the like of fruit trees. Therefore, the pH value is adjusted before use. The red mud contains a large amount of nutrient substances required by plants in the middle of animal wastes, and the red mud is low in cost and can well supplement nutrient components of the manure. Meanwhile, the alkaline property of the red mud can adjust the manure to be close to neutrality, and the application occasion of the manure is improved. Red mud is a waste product from alumina production, and is called red mud because it contains a large amount of iron oxide and is red. The red mud is rich in iron, aluminum, calcium, silicon, titanium, sodium, nickel, manganese, chromium, vanadium, scandium, yttrium and lanthanide rare earth elements and is important for the growth of plants.

The curing agent provided by the application is any one or a mixture of more of molasses, gum arabic, sodium alginate, glycerol, gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, asphalt, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina sol, sodium polyphosphate, lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, a surfactant, starch and a thermosetting resin material. The curing agent is used to ensure the physical and chemical stability of the red mud without deteriorating the quality of the red mud components.

The thickener is one or more of bentonite, clay, kaolin, sericite, talc, acid clay, pumice, silica sand, zircon, zeolite, perlite, vermiculite, rice hull, sawdust, wood powder, pulp ball and soybean powder. The thickener has no chemical activity, can serve the purpose of binding each component, and does not influence the chemical performance of each component.

Example 1

The modifying agent is prepared by weighing 25 g of alum, 5 g of sulfuric acid, 40 g of red mud, 13 g of curing agent and 17 g of thickening agent according to the following mass, mixing the alum, the red mud, the curing agent and the thickening agent, adding the sulfuric acid, mixing the raw materials to generate hard blocks, drying the hard blocks for 4 days in the air, crushing, and sieving the crushed powder with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the modifying agent.

Example 2

Collecting fresh poultry manure in a broiler farm, and subpackaging the collected fresh poultry manure into four closed plastic containers with the number of 1-4, wherein the weight of the fresh manure in each container is 1 kg. 40 grams of the improver obtained in example 1 was added to the surface of the feces in the container No. 1, 10 grams of alum was added to the surface of the feces in the container No. 2, 2 grams of sulfuric acid was added to the surface of the feces in the container No. 3, and nothing was added to the container No. 4.

After each vessel was left to stand under the same laboratory conditions for 24 hours, the ammonia gas, phosphorus loss, and pH in each vessel were measured, and the measurement results are shown in table 1.

Numbering	Ammonia gas (mgN/kg)	Phosphorus (mgP/kg)	pH
				1	440	656	7.48
2	855	937	8.26
				3	850	920	8.12
4	3109	1235	8.98

As can be seen from Table 1, the ammonia gas emission and phosphorus loss of animal feces treated with the modifier provided by the present application were significantly reduced, and the pH of the feces was adjusted to be nearly neutral.

Example 3

Manure was formed by composting and drying the manure in each container of example 2. The nutrient content of the manure formed by the manure in each container was measured, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.

Numbering	Nitrogen (%)	Phosphorus (%)	Potassium (%)	Calcium (%)	Silicon (%)
						1	3.24	3.15	0.95	14.2	4.23
2	2.35	2.14	0.87	6.87	0.21
						3	2.46	2.23	0.84	6.85	0.23
4	1.63	1.54	0.85	6.86	0.19

As can be seen from table 2 above, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the manure obtained after the treatment with the modifier provided by the present application is significantly increased, and the content of calcium and silicon in the manure obtained due to the calcium and silicon rich in the red mud can be significantly increased.

In a word, the manure composition containing the red mud provided by the application can effectively reduce the solubility of phosphorus in manure and reduce phosphorus loss. Inhibit volatilization of ammonia in feces, increase nitrogen content in manure, reduce energy consumption of animal husbandry facilities, and improve animal performance (such as weight gain, feed conversion rate, and disease resistance). The pH of the manure can also be lowered. The manure can enhance physiological activity and nutrition metabolism function of plants in vivo when in use. Promoting growth hormone formation, regulating enzyme activity, promoting grain root system development, enhancing root system activity and catheter rigidity, delaying aging, promoting seedling growth, strengthening stem, increasing leaf color, increasing leaf surface, thickening leaf, high light energy utilization rate, strong photosynthesis, increasing yield, improving quality, and increasing safety index of agricultural products. The soil fertility is improved, a solid particle structure can be formed by combining the soil with calcium and magnesium ions in the soil, the soil is loosened, the soil hardening is relieved, the soil can perform a replacement reaction with residual pesticides, harmful heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, lead and the like), excessive iron and aluminum in the soil and sodium ions in saline-alkali soil, a compound which is not easily absorbed by crops is formed, and the harm of the crops to the soil is reduced.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manure composition containing red mud is characterized by comprising animal manure and a modifier; the modifying agent comprises alum, acid, red mud, a curing agent and a thickening agent;

2. The red mud-containing manure composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the animal manure to the improver is 50-99.999: 0.001-50.

3. The red mud-containing manure composition of claim 1, wherein the improver comprises 0-99.9% by weight of alum, 0.1-19.9% by weight of acid, 0.1-99.9% by weight of red mud, 0.5-15.9% by weight of a curing agent, and 0.5-25.9% by weight of a thickener.

4. The red mud-containing manure composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid is one or a mixture of several of sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid.

5. The red mud-containing manure composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the pH of the red mud is 10-15.

6. The red mud-containing manure composition of claim 5, wherein the red mud comprises 25-40% by weight of silica, 15-25% by weight of alumina, 10-45% by weight of ferric oxide, 0-3% by weight of magnesia, 0-5% by weight of sodium oxide, 15% by weight of sodium peroxide, 15-23% by weight of titanium monoxide, 0-1% by weight of manganese dioxide, and 5-45% by weight of water.

7. The red mud-containing manure composition according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent is any one or a mixture of several of molasses, gum arabic, sodium alginate, glycerol, gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, asphalt, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alumina sol, sodium polyphosphate, lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, surfactant, starch, and thermosetting resin material.

8. The red mud-containing manure composition according to claim 1, wherein the thickener is any one or a mixture of several of bentonite, clay, kaolin, sericite, talc, acid clay, pumice, silica sand, zircon, zeolite, perlite, vermiculite, rice hull, sawdust, wood flour, paper pulp mass, and soybean flour.

9. The red mud-containing manure composition of claim 1, wherein the animal manure is any one or a mixture of solid animal manure, liquid animal manure and poultry manure.

10. The red mud-containing manure composition of claim 1, wherein the animal manure is animal manure located in an animal raising facility, and the animal raising facility is a facility for raising any one of chicken, duck, goose, sheep, pig, cow, horse and rabbit.