CN111357716A - Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens - Google Patents
Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111357716A CN111357716A CN202010233759.XA CN202010233759A CN111357716A CN 111357716 A CN111357716 A CN 111357716A CN 202010233759 A CN202010233759 A CN 202010233759A CN 111357716 A CN111357716 A CN 111357716A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hermetia illucens
- straws
- bacillus subtilis
- larvae
- materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IQFVPQOLBLOTPF-HKXUKFGYSA-L congo red Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(N)C(/N=N/C3=CC=C(C=C3)C3=CC=C(C=C3)/N=N/C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4C(=C3)S([O-])(=O)=O)N)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C21 IQFVPQOLBLOTPF-HKXUKFGYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001530038 Pantherophis obsoletus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010060231 Insect Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108090000189 Neuropeptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P1/00—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes
- C12P1/04—Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups C12P3/00 - C12P39/00, by using microorganisms or enzymes by using bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, mixing materials; secondly, extracting hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria, separating bacillus subtilis strains with high cellulase activity from hermetia illucens intestinal tracts, and culturing the bacillus subtilis strains to obtain bacillus subtilis colonies; thirdly, mixing and fermenting; fourthly, culturing the hermetia illucens and decomposing materials, adjusting the mixed material system after fermentation in the second step to be proper to the culture conditions of the hermetia illucens, and introducing the hermetia illucens larvae subjected to starvation treatment for 5 days for culture; fifthly, separating, namely separating to obtain hermetia illucens and feed residues after the culture is finished; the method for treating the straws by using the hermetia illucens can effectively decompose the straws and can improve the pupation rate of the hermetia illucens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens, and belongs to the technical field of hermetia illucens breeding and crop straw treatment.
Background
Rotten vegetables, fruits, bean curd residues and the like are common organic wastes in daily life of people, and the organic wastes pollute the environment and influence the appearance of the market; the organic matter and the water content are high, so that the organic matter and the water content are easily affected by microorganisms, and the phenomenon of decay and deterioration occurs; the longer the waste placement time is, the more serious the putrefaction phenomenon is; particularly in summer, the temperature is higher, the rot and deterioration are quicker, and a large amount of percolating water and malodorous gas are easy to generate at this time, so that mosquitoes and insects are bred, and the bad influence on the environmental sanitation is caused; the infiltration liquid generated when the organic waste is stacked enters the sewage treatment system, which can increase the content of organic matters, thereby increasing the burden of the sewage treatment plant and increasing the operation cost.
The straw is a general term of stem leaf (ear) part of mature crops; generally refers to the remainder of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oilseed rape, cotton, sugar cane and other coarse grain crops after harvesting the seeds; more than half of the products of crop photosynthesis exist in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, organic matters and the like, and are a multipurpose renewable biological resource.
The traditional method generally adopts composting, burning and landfill for treating organic wastes and crop straws, but the treatment mode still brings harm to the environment and can not completely treat the wastes; it is now the most popular subject of research to utilize these organic wastes as resources by means of biotransformation and to convert the wastes into resources that can be reused.
The black soldier fly is an important resource insect and an environment-friendly insect, can be used for biologically converting various organic wastes and crop straws, and simultaneously produces a large amount of high-quality organic fertilizer and black soldier fly insect protein; the insect pest is not a sanitary pest and an agricultural pest, has higher conversion efficiency on organic wastes than diptera fly insects, has simpler production technology and low breeding cost, and is more and more concerned by people in recent years.
Therefore, organic waste and crop straws are subjected to resource treatment by the black soldier fly larvae, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by waste emission and straw burning can be effectively solved, and a large amount of high-quality organic fertilizer and black soldier fly insect protein can be converted and produced. However, when the black soldier fly is adopted to treat the straw in the prior art, the conversion efficiency is low, the conversion time is long, and the yield of the black soldier fly larvae is low; therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a new method for treating straws with hermetia illucens is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens, which comprises the steps of fermenting the straws by using bacillus subtilis strains in intestinal tracts of the hermetia illucens, and decomposing the straws by using hungry hermetia illucens, so that the straws can be effectively decomposed, and the pupation rate of the hermetia illucens can be improved.
The method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens comprises the following steps of:
firstly, mixing materials, harvesting and collecting straws, and crushing the straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 1-2 cm; then, sequentially putting the straw particles and the auxiliary materials into a fermentation tank with a stirrer for stirring and mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
secondly, extracting hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria, separating bacillus subtilis strains with high cellulase activity from hermetia illucens intestinal tracts, and culturing the bacillus subtilis strains to obtain bacillus subtilis colonies;
thirdly, mixing materials and fermenting, namely adding bacillus subtilis colonies into a fermentation tank filled with the mixed materials, adjusting a system to a proper fermentation condition for fermentation, and fermenting the mixed materials by using bacillus subtilis; after fermentation, the materials are moved out of a storage tank, the storage temperature is controlled to be-20 ℃, and before use, the materials are unfrozen and added with water to adjust the moisture of the materials to 65-75%;
fourthly, culturing the hermetia illucens and decomposing materials, adjusting the mixed material system after fermentation in the second step to be proper to the culture conditions of the hermetia illucens, and introducing the hermetia illucens larvae subjected to starvation treatment for 5 days for culture;
and fifthly, separating, namely separating to obtain the hermetia illucens and the feed residues after the culture is finished.
Further, the straw comprises one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw and cotton straw.
Further, the auxiliary materials comprise rotten vegetables, fruits or bean curd residues, and the weight ratio of the auxiliary materials to the straw particles is 3: 1.
Further, the method comprises the following specific operation steps of extracting the hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria in the second step: cleaning 10-day-old black snake larvae with the average weight of 0.1g by using distilled water, soaking in 75% alcohol for 1 minute, then soaking in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 2 minutes, finally cleaning by using sterile water, placing on a wax tray, dissecting the larvae under the aseptic condition, taking out intestinal tracts, placing in a mortar, adding 1ml of sterile water for grinding, and taking 100ul of grinding fluid for dilution; then, coating the diluent on a beef extract solid culture medium, and culturing for 24 hours in an incubator at 37 ℃; selecting a single colony, dibbling the single colony on a Congo red culture medium, culturing the colony for 2 days at 37 ℃, forming a transparent hydrolysis ring around the colony, and obtaining a bacillus subtilis with high cellulase activity through Congo red dyeing identification; then, the bacterial strain with the cellulase activity is repeatedly purified and cultured to obtain the bacillus subtilis colony.
Further, the concrete operation steps of the material mixing and fermentation in the third step are as follows: the mixed material and the bacillus subtilis colony are uniformly mixed, water is added into a fermentation tank to adjust the water content of the fermented material to 50-60%, forced ventilation is carried out by using a high-pressure fan, a stirrer is used for turning the fermented material at regular time, the fermented material is ensured to be in good contact with air, and sufficient oxygen is improved for the fermented material to carry out continuous aerobic fermentation.
Further, the fourth step of hermetia illucens cultivation and material decomposition comprises the following specific operation steps: taking out the material from the storage tank, thawing, adding water to adjust the water content of the material to 70%, then flatly paving the material in an incubator, wherein the paving thickness of the material is 4-9 cm, the temperature of the incubator is controlled to be 26-30 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%, the light environment L: D is 13:11, and then introducing the starved hermetia illucens larvae into the incubator to cultivate for 5-10 days according to the weight ratio of the material to the hermetia illucens larvae of 25: 2.
Further, the specific operation steps of the starvation treatment in the fourth step are as follows: weighing 3-4 days old larvae, placing in a uncapped centrifuge box for hunger treatment, sealing by adopting filter cloth and rubber band with good air permeability, adding water into the centrifuge box by adopting a sprayer every day, wherein the water content is determined according to the size of the larvae, and the water content height is not more than the thickness of a head worm; dead heads of larvae were counted periodically during starvation culture and dead individuals were removed.
Compared with the prior art, the method for treating the straws by using the hermetia illucens has the advantages that the straws are fermented by using the bacillus subtilis with high cellulase activity in intestinal tracts of the hermetia illucens, and cellulose in the straws is preliminarily decomposed; the black soldier fly larvae which suffer from hunger are adopted to decompose the straws, so that the straws can be effectively degraded, the conversion efficiency is improved, and the conversion time is shortened; and the feed can be promoted after re-feeding by carrying out starvation treatment on the hermetia illucens so that the nutrient level influences the expression of the hermetia illucens short neuropeptides, the prepupation weight and prepupation rate of hermetia illucens larvae after re-feeding are improved, and the breeding of the hermetia illucens larvae is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens comprises the following steps of:
firstly, mixing materials, harvesting and collecting straws, and crushing the straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 1-2 cm; then, sequentially putting the straw particles and the auxiliary materials into a fermentation tank with a stirrer for stirring and mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
secondly, extracting hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria, separating bacillus subtilis strains with high cellulase activity from hermetia illucens intestinal tracts, and culturing the bacillus subtilis strains to obtain bacillus subtilis colonies;
thirdly, mixing materials and fermenting, namely adding bacillus subtilis colonies into a fermentation tank filled with the mixed materials, adjusting a system to a proper fermentation condition for fermentation, and fermenting the mixed materials by using bacillus subtilis; after fermentation, the materials are moved out of a storage tank, the storage temperature is controlled to be-20 ℃, and before use, the materials are unfrozen and added with water to adjust the moisture of the materials to 65-75%;
fourthly, culturing the hermetia illucens and decomposing materials, adjusting the mixed material system after fermentation in the second step to be proper to the culture conditions of the hermetia illucens, and introducing the hermetia illucens larvae subjected to starvation treatment for 5 days for culture;
and fifthly, separating, namely separating to obtain the hermetia illucens and the feed residues after the culture is finished.
The straw comprises one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw and cotton straw.
The auxiliary materials comprise rotten vegetables, fruits or bean curd residues, and the weight ratio of the auxiliary materials to the straw particles is 3: 1.
The method comprises the following specific operation steps of extracting the hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria in the second step: cleaning 10-day-old black snake larvae with the average weight of 0.1g by using distilled water, soaking in 75% alcohol for 1 minute, then soaking in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 2 minutes, finally cleaning by using sterile water, placing on a wax tray, dissecting the larvae under the aseptic condition, taking out intestinal tracts, placing in a mortar, adding 1ml of sterile water for grinding, and taking 100ul of grinding fluid for dilution; then, coating the diluent on a beef extract solid culture medium, and culturing for 24 hours in an incubator at 37 ℃; selecting a single colony, dibbling the single colony on a Congo red culture medium, culturing the colony for 2 days at 37 ℃, forming a transparent hydrolysis ring around the colony, and obtaining a bacillus subtilis with high cellulase activity through Congo red dyeing identification; then, the bacterial strain with the cellulase activity is repeatedly purified and cultured to obtain the bacillus subtilis colony.
The concrete operation steps of the material mixing and fermentation in the third step are as follows: the mixed material and the bacillus subtilis colony are uniformly mixed, water is added into a fermentation tank to adjust the water content of the fermented material to 50-60%, forced ventilation is carried out by using a high-pressure fan, a stirrer is used for turning the fermented material at regular time, the fermented material is ensured to be in good contact with air, and sufficient oxygen is improved for the fermented material to carry out continuous aerobic fermentation.
The fourth step of black soldier fly cultivation and material decomposition comprises the following specific operation steps: taking out the material from the storage tank, thawing, adding water to adjust the water content of the material to 70%, then flatly paving the material in an incubator, wherein the paving thickness of the material is 4-9 cm, the temperature of the incubator is controlled to be 26-30 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%, the light environment L: D is 13:11, and then introducing the starved hermetia illucens larvae into the incubator to cultivate for 5-10 days according to the weight ratio of the material to the hermetia illucens larvae of 25: 2.
The specific operation steps of the starvation treatment in the fourth step are as follows: weighing 3-4 days old larvae, placing in a uncapped centrifuge box for hunger treatment, sealing by adopting filter cloth and rubber band with good air permeability, adding water into the centrifuge box by adopting a sprayer every day, wherein the water content is determined according to the size of the larvae, and the water content height is not more than the thickness of a head worm; dead heads of larvae were counted periodically during starvation culture and dead individuals were removed.
According to the method for treating the straws by using the hermetia illucens, disclosed by the invention, the straws are fermented by using the bacillus subtilis strain with high cellulase activity in intestinal tracts of the hermetia illucens, so that cellulose in the straws is preliminarily decomposed; the black soldier fly larvae which suffer from hunger are adopted to decompose the straws, so that the straws can be effectively degraded, the conversion efficiency is improved, and the conversion time is shortened; and the feed can be promoted after re-feeding by carrying out starvation treatment on the hermetia illucens so that the nutrient level influences the expression of the hermetia illucens short neuropeptides, the prepupation weight and prepupation rate of hermetia illucens larvae after re-feeding are improved, and the breeding of the hermetia illucens larvae is facilitated.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing materials, harvesting and collecting straws, and crushing the straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 1-2 cm; then, sequentially putting the straw particles and the auxiliary materials into a fermentation tank with a stirrer for stirring and mixing, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
secondly, extracting hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria, separating bacillus subtilis strains with high cellulase activity from hermetia illucens intestinal tracts, and culturing the bacillus subtilis strains to obtain bacillus subtilis colonies;
thirdly, mixing materials and fermenting, namely adding bacillus subtilis colonies into a fermentation tank filled with the mixed materials, adjusting a system to a proper fermentation condition for fermentation, and fermenting the mixed materials by using bacillus subtilis; after fermentation, the materials are moved out of a storage tank, the storage temperature is controlled to be-20 ℃, and before use, the materials are unfrozen and added with water to adjust the moisture of the materials to 65-75%;
fourthly, culturing the hermetia illucens and decomposing materials, adjusting the mixed material system after fermentation in the second step to be proper to the culture conditions of the hermetia illucens, and introducing the hermetia illucens larvae subjected to starvation treatment for 5 days for culture;
and fifthly, separating, namely separating to obtain the hermetia illucens and the feed residues after the culture is finished.
2. The method for processing hermetia illucens straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw comprises one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw and cotton straw.
3. The method for processing the straws with the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjuvant comprises rotten vegetables, fruits or bean curd refuse, and the weight ratio of the adjuvant to the straw particles is 3: 1.
4. The method for processing the straws with the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps of the hermetia illucens intestinal bacteria extraction in the second step are as follows: cleaning 10-day-old black snake larvae with the average weight of 0.1g by using distilled water, soaking in 75% alcohol for 1 minute, then soaking in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 2 minutes, finally cleaning by using sterile water, placing on a wax tray, dissecting the larvae under the aseptic condition, taking out intestinal tracts, placing in a mortar, adding 1ml of sterile water for grinding, and taking 100ul of grinding fluid for dilution; then, coating the diluent on a beef extract solid culture medium, and culturing for 24 hours in an incubator at 37 ℃; selecting a single colony, dibbling the single colony on a Congo red culture medium, culturing the colony for 2 days at 37 ℃, forming a transparent hydrolysis ring around the colony, and obtaining a bacillus subtilis with high cellulase activity through Congo red dyeing identification; then, the bacterial strain with the cellulase activity is repeatedly purified and cultured to obtain the bacillus subtilis colony.
5. The method for treating straws with hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete operation steps of the third step of mixing and fermenting are as follows: the mixed material and the bacillus subtilis colony are uniformly mixed, water is added into a fermentation tank to adjust the water content of the fermented material to 50-60%, forced ventilation is carried out by using a high-pressure fan, a stirrer is used for turning the fermented material at regular time, the fermented material is ensured to be in good contact with air, and sufficient oxygen is improved for the fermented material to carry out continuous aerobic fermentation.
6. The method for processing the straws with the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete operation steps of the hermetia illucens cultivation and material decomposition in the fourth step are as follows: taking out the material from the storage tank, thawing, adding water to adjust the water content of the material to 70%, then flatly paving the material in an incubator, wherein the paving thickness of the material is 4-9 cm, the temperature of the incubator is controlled to be 26-30 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%, the light environment L: D is 13:11, and then introducing the starved hermetia illucens larvae into the incubator to cultivate for 5-10 days according to the weight ratio of the material to the hermetia illucens larvae of 25: 2.
7. The method for processing the straws with the hermetia illucens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific operation steps of the starvation processing in the fourth step are as follows: weighing 3-4 days old larvae, placing in a uncapped centrifuge box for hunger treatment, sealing by adopting filter cloth and rubber band with good air permeability, adding water into the centrifuge box by adopting a sprayer every day, wherein the water content is determined according to the size of the larvae, and the water content height is not more than the thickness of a head worm; dead heads of larvae were counted periodically during starvation culture and dead individuals were removed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010233759.XA CN111357716A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010233759.XA CN111357716A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111357716A true CN111357716A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
Family
ID=71198884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010233759.XA Pending CN111357716A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111357716A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114437988A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-06 | 贵州医科大学 | Cellulose degrading bacteria, microbial inoculum, preparation method and application thereof, and method for degrading vinasse |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105602865A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 河南广安生物科技股份有限公司 | Bacillus subtilis, fermentation method, powder and application |
CN205463583U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳华云环保科技发展有限公司 | Breed heisui river horsefly and handle kitchen garbage's device |
RU2673749C1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биогенезис" | Method of obtaining feed protein-lipid concentrate from plant and animal wastes |
CN109055467A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 宿州瀚能生物工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of black soldier flies extracting solution and the product of preparation |
CN109258576A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-25 | 武汉工程大学 | Method based on black soldier flies collaboration microbial degradation agricultural crop straw |
CN109349235A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-19 | 浏阳市生旺种养专业合作社 | A kind of hatching method improving stratiomyiid ovum |
CN110201972A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-09-06 | 江苏绿博生物科技有限公司 | A method of it is handled using black soldier flies and utilizes kitchen garbage and stalk |
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202010233759.XA patent/CN111357716A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105602865A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 河南广安生物科技股份有限公司 | Bacillus subtilis, fermentation method, powder and application |
CN205463583U (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳华云环保科技发展有限公司 | Breed heisui river horsefly and handle kitchen garbage's device |
WO2017173849A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | 深圳华云环保科技发展有限公司 | Device for treating kitchen waste by breeding hermetia illucens |
RU2673749C1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-29 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биогенезис" | Method of obtaining feed protein-lipid concentrate from plant and animal wastes |
CN109055467A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 宿州瀚能生物工程有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of black soldier flies extracting solution and the product of preparation |
CN109258576A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-25 | 武汉工程大学 | Method based on black soldier flies collaboration microbial degradation agricultural crop straw |
CN109349235A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-19 | 浏阳市生旺种养专业合作社 | A kind of hatching method improving stratiomyiid ovum |
CN110201972A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-09-06 | 江苏绿博生物科技有限公司 | A method of it is handled using black soldier flies and utilizes kitchen garbage and stalk |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
喻国辉等: "肠道共生细菌预发酵鸡粪对黑水虻生长发育的影响", 《昆虫知识》 * |
邓文辉等: "黑水虻幼虫的耐饥力及饥饿幼虫复食后的生物学特性", 《昆虫学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114437988A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-06 | 贵州医科大学 | Cellulose degrading bacteria, microbial inoculum, preparation method and application thereof, and method for degrading vinasse |
CN114437988B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-05-23 | 贵州医科大学 | Cellulose degrading bacteria and microbial inoculum, preparation method, application and method for degrading distillers' grains |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105567612B (en) | A kind of degradation composite bacteria agent preparation of garden waste and application | |
CN1182079C (en) | Method for making organic fertilizer by utilizing housefly larva to ecologically treat pig dung | |
CN100387551C (en) | Method of producing active nutritional fertilizer using old domostic garbage | |
CN108148777B (en) | Bacillus subtilis, compound microbial agent, organic matrix and preparation and application thereof | |
CN101496485B (en) | Application of silkworm and mulberry by-product silkworm excrement fermentation wastes in edible fungus cultivation | |
CN101775359A (en) | Special microorganism composite bacterial agent for directly decomposing and fermenting crops straws to generate marsh gas and application method thereof | |
CN109679860A (en) | A kind of composite bacteria agent and the preparation method and application thereof for the processing of gardens green waste | |
CN103976153A (en) | Method using potosia brevitarsis larva for processing kitchen waste | |
CN106719445A (en) | The method of molasses alcohol waste liquid breeding earthworm | |
CN112375720A (en) | Bacillus subtilis and application thereof | |
CN106889030A (en) | A kind of method of utilization dealing with earthworm agricultural organic waste | |
CN112741234A (en) | Efficient breeding feed for hermetia illucens and breeding method thereof | |
CN111777440A (en) | Method for producing organic fertilizer by fermenting corn straws and cow dung | |
CN114932130A (en) | Method for improving black soldier fly breeding technology and reasonably processing and utilizing straws | |
CN105670966B (en) | One plant of high temperature resistant garden waste decomposer ST4 and its application | |
CN1548405A (en) | Method for producing efficient active biological organic fertilizer with excrement and organic garbage | |
CN114698752A (en) | Agricultural waste resource utilization method based on biological fermentation and insect transformation | |
CN1730445A (en) | Preparation method for quick-effective mixed fertilizer of organic active liquid | |
CN107417409B (en) | Preparation method of organic fertilizer for dead-branch leaves capable of growing lichens | |
CN111357716A (en) | Method for treating straws by using hermetia illucens | |
CN111763127A (en) | Preparation method for producing fresh earthworm full-nutrient fermented liquid fertilizer in large scale | |
CN105567608B (en) | One plant of high temperature resistant garden waste decomposer ST1 and its application | |
CN114956887A (en) | Method for producing poly-gamma-glutamic acid liquid fertilizer | |
CN112772276A (en) | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags | |
CN112176001A (en) | Straw fermentation method for agricultural circulation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200703 |