CN111357406A - Stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with straw smashing device - Google Patents
Stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with straw smashing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111357406A CN111357406A CN202010303807.8A CN202010303807A CN111357406A CN 111357406 A CN111357406 A CN 111357406A CN 202010303807 A CN202010303807 A CN 202010303807A CN 111357406 A CN111357406 A CN 111357406A
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- rotating shaft
- stubble
- rotating
- crushing
- cutters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/12—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with soil-working implements, e.g. ploughs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a combined soil preparation machine with a straw crushing device, which comprises a stubble cleaning device, a rotary tillage device, a ridging device and a pressing device which are sequentially arranged on a rack, and is characterized in that: the front part of the stubble cleaning device is additionally provided with a pickup device and a crushing device, the pickup device consists of a rotating shaft and a plurality of pickup moving blades fixed on the rotating shaft, and the pickup device is positioned at the foremost end of the operation position; the crushing device comprises two crushers. During operation, the tractor advances and drives a plurality of pick-up moving blades to throw at a high speed, picks up corn straws and throws the corn straws into two crushers, then the corn straws are crushed into fragments and then sprinkled on a plurality of stubble-cleaning blades in the stubble-cleaning device, the plurality of stubble-cleaning blades rotate to crush the roots of the corn straws, meanwhile, straw scraps crushed by the crushers are stirred with the field soil to be buried, and then all farmland operation is completed through rotary tillage and ridging and pressing. The invention has the advantages of uniform mixing of straw scraps and field soil, reliable spreading performance, good stubble burying effect and excellent field soil moisture content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation machine commonly used in a corn ridge culture area, in particular to a stubble cleaning and rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine, and particularly relates to a stubble cleaning and rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with a corn straw smashing device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machine design and manufacture.
Background
A traditional stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine is a one-time tillage operation machine which utilizes a stubble-cleaning machine, a rotary cultivator and a combined soil preparation machine to be matched with a tractor, the machine is connected with the tractor in a three-point full-suspension mode, and a stubble-cleaning cutter shaft and a rotary tillage cutter shaft are driven by power of the tractor to operate. The stubble-cleaning blades on the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft are bent into an L shape by adopting metal laths of about four centimeters, every two L-shaped stubble-cleaning blades are connected together in the left and right directions to form a flail cutter, and the movement direction of the flail cutter on the horizontal rotation tangent line at the upper part of the stubble-cleaning cutter shaft is consistent with the advancing direction of a tractor, so that the operation of rotary cutting of stubble and surface soil is completed; the rotary tillage cutter shaft is arranged at the rear lower part of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft, the rotating direction of the rotary tillage cutter shaft is the same as that of the stubble cleaning cutter shaft, and soil is crushed by the rotation of the rotary tillage cutter blade; and finally, deeply loosening the soil after rotary tillage by using a subsoiler, breaking the plough bottom layer, and simultaneously ridging and compacting the ridging component. However, in practical application, because the contact frequency between the flail knives on the stubble cleaning cutter shaft and the corn straws is small, the flail knives mostly cut off the straws, and if the straws are not crushed, the corn straws after the stubble cleaning operation still have a certain length, so that the mixing structure between the straws and the soil is not ideal after the straws are buried, and a considerable part of straws are gathered and unevenly distributed, thereby seriously affecting the soil moisture content of the farmland.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with a straw smashing device, which is characterized in that a corn straw picking device and a smashing device are additionally arranged at the front part of the traditional stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine, so that the corn straws with high stalks and thick stalks are firstly smashed into grass scraps and then buried in the soil of a field, and the purposes of uniformly burying the grass scraps into the soil, optimizing the soil moisture content, increasing the soil fertility and improving the farmland environment are achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a combined soil preparation machine with a straw smashing device comprises a rack, a picking device, a smashing device, a stubble cleaning device, a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a pressing device and a transmission system, wherein three-point suspension is arranged on the rack; the three-point suspension is connected with a tractor; the picking device, the crushing device, the stubble cleaning device, the rotary tillage device, the ridging device and the pressing device are sequentially arranged on the rack; the transmission system drives the rotating shafts in the pick-up device, the crushing device, the stubble cleaning device and the rotary tillage device to rotate, and is characterized in that:
the picking device consists of a rotating shaft I and a plurality of picking movable cutters fixed on the rotating shaft I, wherein two ends of the rotating shaft I are movably connected to the rack through bearings and are positioned at the foremost end of an operation position;
the crushing device comprises a gap bridge housing, a spiral gathering rotating shaft II and two crushers, wherein the gap bridge housing is formed by connecting a bent cover plate with two ends profiling the shape of the installation position of the rack with a large semicircular cylinder body, a small semicircular notch on the cylinder body is an inlet of straws, and two straw scrap outlets are arranged on the large semicircular cylinder body; the bending cover plate is fixed above the rotating shaft I, a plurality of picking movable cutters on the rotating shaft I are covered in a cage mode, a plurality of picking fixed cutters are arranged on the bottom surface of the bending cover plate, and the picking fixed cutters and the picking movable cutters on the rotating shaft I form a plurality of pairs of cutting guillotines; the spiral gathering rotating shaft II penetrates through a large half cylinder body on the bridge housing to enable two ends of the spiral gathering rotating shaft II to be movably connected onto the rack through a bearing, two pairs of centering spiral sheets with opposite rotation directions are arranged on the outer diameter of the shaft II, a centering gathering part is arranged between the centering spiral sheets with the opposite rotation directions, and the outer diameter of each centering spiral sheet and the inner diameter of the large half cylinder body form clearance fit;
the two crushing machines are provided, each crushing machine comprises a shell, a rotating shaft III, a plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters and a plurality of movable crushing machine cutters, the shell is fixed on the frame, the shell is provided with an inlet for sucking straws and an outlet for discharging straw scraps, the inlet is right opposite to the centralized gathering part on the gap bridge housing, the rotating shaft III penetrates through the central part of the shell to enable two ends to be movably connected to the frame through a bearing, the plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters are fixedly distributed on the inner wall of the shell, the plurality of movable crushing machine cutters are fixed on the rotating shaft III, and the plurality of movable crushing machine cutters on the rotating shaft III and the plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters on the inner wall of the shell form a plurality of pairs of crushing guillotines in the shell of the crushing machine;
the stubble cleaning device comprises a rotating shaft IV and a plurality of stubble cleaning knives fixed on the rotating shaft IV, and straw scrap outlets on the two crushers are arranged on the upper portion of the rotating shaft IV and are opposite to the plurality of stubble burying knives on the rotating shaft IV.
Furthermore, the moving direction of the plurality of picking movable blades on the horizontal rotating tangent line at the upper part of the rotating shaft I is opposite to the traveling direction of the tractor, and the rotating speed is set between 1500 and 2000 r/min.
Further, the rotating direction of the spiral gathering rotating shaft II is determined according to the gathering rotating direction of the gathering spiral piece, and the rotating speed is set between 150 and 250 r/min.
Furthermore, the rotating direction of the rotating shaft III is the same as that of the rotating shaft I, and the rotating speed is set between 2500 + 3000 r/min.
When the combined soil preparation machine works, a tractor advances and drives the rotating shaft I to rotate through a transmission system according to a high-speed rotating mode that the moving direction of a plurality of pickup moving blades on a horizontal rotating tangent line at the upper part of the rotating shaft I is opposite to the advancing direction of the tractor and the rotating speed is 1800r/min, a plurality of pickup moving blades on the rotating shaft I throw at a high speed, corn straws which are vertical or horizontal in the field are picked up while the corn straws are cut off by the pickup fixed blades arranged on the bottom surface of the bent cover plate, the broken straws are thrown backwards by the pickup moving blades, the thrown straws slide to a small semicircular notch on a cylinder body along the bottom surface of the bent cover plate on the bridging cover plate and enter a spiral gathering rotating shaft II and are gathered towards inlets of two crushers respectively under the action of two pairs of gathering spiral blades with opposite rotating directions, then the crushed straw scraps are sucked into the crusher by the crusher moving blades on the rotating shaft III under the action of the rotating speed of 3000r/min which is as high as 2500-.
The invention adds a pickup device and a crushing device in front of a stubble-cleaning cutter shaft of the traditional stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine, and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the corn straws are picked up and crushed randomly, spread and stirred on site, turned over and buried on site, and ridged and pressed, so that the operation efficiency is greatly improved;
2. the straw scraps and the field soil are uniformly mixed, the sprinkling performance is reliable, the stubble burying effect is good, and the field soil moisture content is excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional view of the pick-up device and the crushing device of the present invention with a portion of the cover plate broken away;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the pulverizer of the present invention with half of the end caps removed.
In the accompanying figures 1, 2, 3, 4: 1 is the frame, 2 is the rubbing crusher, 201 is the shell, 202 is the rubbing crusher stationary knife, 203 is the rubbing crusher moves the sword, 3 is the ridging device, 4 is the suppression device, 5 is rotary cultivator attachment, 6 is the stubble-cleaning sword, 7 is the gap bridge housing, 701 is the apron of bending, 702 is most the cylinder, 8 is for picking up moving the sword, 9 is the flight, 901 is forward flight, 902 is reverse flight, 10 is for picking up the stationary knife, a is the rubbing crusher entry, b is the export of straw bits, I, II, III, IV are the pivot.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings in which:
as shown in the attached figures 1, 2 and 3: two ends of the rotating shaft I are movably connected to the rack 1 through bearings and are positioned at the foremost end of the operation position; the gap bridge housing 7 is formed by connecting a bent cover plate 701 with two ends profiling the shape of the mounting position of the rack to a large semi-cylinder body 702, a small semi-circular notch on the large semi-cylinder body 702 is an inlet of straw, and two straw outlets are arranged on the large semi-cylinder body 702; the bending cover plate 701 is fixed above the rotating shaft I, and covers the plurality of picking movable cutters 8 on the rotating shaft I, the bottom surface of the bending cover plate 701 is provided with a plurality of picking fixed cutters 10, and the plurality of picking fixed cutters 10 and the plurality of picking movable cutters 8 on the rotating shaft I form a plurality of pairs of cutting guillotines; the spiral gathering rotating shaft II penetrates through a large half cylinder 702 on the gap bridge housing 7, so that two ends of the spiral gathering rotating shaft II are movably connected to the rack 1 through a bearing, two pairs of gathering spiral sheets 9 respectively consisting of a forward spiral sheet 901 and a reverse spiral sheet 902 are arranged on the outer diameter of the shaft II, a gathering part is arranged between the forward spiral sheet 901 and the reverse spiral sheet 902, and the outer diameters of the forward spiral sheet 901 and the reverse spiral sheet 902 are in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the large half cylinder 702; the two crushers 2 are provided, each crusher 2 comprises a shell 201, a rotating shaft III, a plurality of crusher fixed knives 202 and a plurality of crusher movable knives 203, the shell 201 is fixed on the frame 1, the shell 201 is provided with a crusher inlet a for sucking straws and a crusher outlet b for spitting straw scraps, the crusher inlet a is right opposite to a centralized gathering part between the forward spiral blade 901 and the reverse spiral blade 902, the rotating shaft III penetrates through the central part of the shell 201 to enable two ends to be movably connected on the frame 1 through a bearing, the plurality of crusher fixed knives 202 are fixedly distributed on the inner wall of the shell 201, the plurality of crusher movable knives 203 are fixed on the rotating shaft III, and the plurality of crusher movable knives 203 and the plurality of crusher fixed knives 202 form a plurality of pairs of crusher movable knives in the crusher shell 1; the stubble cleaning device comprises a rotating shaft IV and a plurality of stubble cleaning knives 6 fixed on the rotating shaft IV, and straw scrap outlets b on the two crushers 2 are arranged at the upper part of the rotating shaft IV and are opposite to the plurality of stubble cleaning knives 6 on the rotating shaft IV.
When the combined soil preparation machine works, a tractor advances and drives a rotating shaft I through a transmission system according to a high-speed rotating mode that the moving direction of a plurality of picking movable blades 8 on a horizontal rotating tangent line at the upper part of the rotating shaft I is opposite to the advancing direction of the tractor and the rotating speed is 1800r/min, so that the plurality of picking movable blades 8 are swung at a high speed, corn straws which are vertically or horizontally placed in the field are picked up, the corn straws are cut off by a plurality of picking fixed blades 10 arranged on a bridging housing 7 at the same time, the cut straws are thrown out backwards from the upper part of the rotating shaft I by the plurality of picking movable blades 8, the thrown straws enter a spiral gathering rotating shaft II along small semicircular gaps on the bottom surface of a bending cover plate 701 and a large semi-cylinder body 702 and are gathered towards inlets a of two grinders respectively under the action of two pairs of centering spiral blades 9 with opposite rotating directions, and then are sucked into the grinders 280min by a plurality of grinder movable blades 203 on the rotating shaft III under the rotating speed of 0r/, the corn straws are chopped into chips at high speed by the movable cutters 203 of the grinder and the fixed cutters 202 of the grinder, then the chips are scattered on the stubble-cleaning cutters 6 on the rotating shaft IV through the straw chip outlet b on the grinder shell 201, the roots of the corn straws are chopped while the stubble-cleaning cutters 6 rotate, the farmland is turned over, the straw chips crushed by the grinder and the farmland are stirred and stubble is buried, and then the corn straws successively work through the rotary tillage device 5, the ridging device 3 and the pressing device 4 to complete all combined soil preparation operations.
Claims (5)
1. A combined soil preparation machine with a straw smashing device comprises a rack, a picking device, a smashing device, a stubble cleaning device, a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a pressing device and a transmission system, wherein three-point suspension is arranged on the rack; the three-point suspension is connected with a tractor; the picking device, the crushing device, the stubble cleaning device, the rotary tillage device, the ridging device and the pressing device are sequentially arranged on the rack; the transmission system drives the rotating shafts in the pick-up device, the crushing device, the stubble cleaning device and the rotary tillage device to rotate, and is characterized in that:
the picking device consists of a rotating shaft I and a plurality of picking movable cutters fixed on the rotating shaft I, wherein two ends of the rotating shaft I are movably connected to the rack through bearings and are positioned at the foremost end of an operation position;
the crushing device comprises a gap bridge housing, a spiral gathering rotating shaft II and two crushers, wherein the gap bridge housing is formed by connecting a bent cover plate with two ends profiling the shape of the installation position of the rack with a large semicircular cylinder body, a small semicircular notch on the cylinder body is an inlet of straws, and two straw scrap outlets are arranged on the large semicircular cylinder body; the bending cover plate is fixed above the rotating shaft I, a plurality of picking movable cutters on the rotating shaft I are covered in a cage mode, a plurality of picking fixed cutters are arranged on the bottom surface of the bending cover plate, and the picking fixed cutters and the picking movable cutters on the rotating shaft I form a plurality of pairs of cutting guillotines; the spiral gathering rotating shaft II penetrates through a large half cylinder body on the bridge housing to enable two ends of the spiral gathering rotating shaft II to be movably connected onto the rack through a bearing, two pairs of centering spiral sheets with opposite rotation directions are arranged on the outer diameter of the shaft II, a centering gathering part is arranged between the centering spiral sheets with the opposite rotation directions, and the outer diameter of each centering spiral sheet and the inner diameter of the large half cylinder body form clearance fit; the two crushing machines are provided, each crushing machine comprises a shell, a rotating shaft III, a plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters and a plurality of movable crushing machine cutters, the shell is fixed on the frame, the shell is provided with an inlet for sucking straws and an outlet for discharging straw scraps, the inlet is right opposite to the centralized gathering part on the gap bridge housing, the rotating shaft III penetrates through the central part of the shell to enable two ends to be movably connected to the frame through a bearing, the plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters are fixedly distributed on the inner wall of the shell, the plurality of movable crushing machine cutters are fixed on the rotating shaft III, and the plurality of movable crushing machine cutters on the rotating shaft III and the plurality of fixed crushing machine cutters on the inner wall of the shell form a plurality of pairs of crushing guillotines in the shell of the crushing machine;
the stubble cleaning device comprises a rotating shaft IV and a plurality of stubble cleaning knives fixed on the rotating shaft IV, and straw scrap outlets on the two crushers are arranged on the upper portion of the rotating shaft IV and are opposite to the plurality of stubble burying knives on the rotating shaft IV.
2. A combined soil preparation machine with straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moving direction of the plurality of picking movable cutters on the horizontal rotating tangent line at the upper part of the rotating shaft I is opposite to the advancing direction of the tractor, and the rotating speed is set between 1500-2000 r/min.
3. A combined soil preparation machine with straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating direction of the spiral gathering rotating shaft II is determined according to the gathering rotating direction of the gathering spiral plate, and the rotating speed is set between 150 and 250 r/min.
4. A combined soil preparation machine with straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating directions of the rotating shaft III and the rotating shaft I are the same, and the rotating speed is set between 2500-.
5. A combined soil preparation machine with straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the combined soil preparation machine works, a tractor advances and drives the rotating shaft I to rotate through a transmission system according to a high-speed rotating mode that the moving direction of a plurality of pickup moving blades on a horizontal rotating tangent line at the upper part of the rotating shaft I is opposite to the advancing direction of the tractor and the rotating speed is 1800r/min, a plurality of pickup moving blades on the rotating shaft I throw at a high speed, corn straws which are vertical or horizontal in the field are picked up while the corn straws are cut off by the pickup fixed blades arranged on the bottom surface of the bent cover plate, the broken straws are thrown backwards by the pickup moving blades, the thrown straws slide to a small semicircular notch on a cylinder body along the bottom surface of the bent cover plate on the bridging cover plate and enter a spiral gathering rotating shaft II and are gathered towards inlets of two crushers respectively under the action of two pairs of gathering spiral blades with opposite rotating directions, then the crushed straw scraps are sucked into the crusher by the crusher moving blades on the rotating shaft III under the action of the rotating speed of 3000r/min which is as high as 2500-.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202010303807.8A CN111357406A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with straw smashing device |
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CN202010303807.8A CN111357406A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with straw smashing device |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112514565A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-19 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Material filling equipment for returning rice straws to field |
CN112568172A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 海南鲲诚环保科技有限公司 | Seawater fish circulating water culture system and culture method |
CN115997547A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-04-25 | 九方泰禾国际重工(青岛)股份有限公司 | Fodder harvester with straw crushing function |
CN116806462A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-09-29 | 山东生态家园环保股份有限公司 | A processing apparatus for solid useless of agricultural |
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EP0149325A1 (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-07-24 | Ferris James Whidborne | Stubble disposal apparatus |
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CN107258239A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-20 | 李洪波 | A kind of stalk chopper in small, broken bits |
CN108702881A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-26 | 泰州常发农业装备有限公司 | A kind of caterpillar band self-propelled straw field pickup crushes and rotary tillage all-in-one machine |
CN212138269U (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-12-15 | 黑龙江锦航农业科技有限公司 | Stubble-cleaning rotary tillage combined soil preparation machine with straw smashing device |
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EP0149325A1 (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-07-24 | Ferris James Whidborne | Stubble disposal apparatus |
CN105210571A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-06 | 东北农业大学 | The three-dimensional field-returning machine of a kind of maize straw |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112568172A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 海南鲲诚环保科技有限公司 | Seawater fish circulating water culture system and culture method |
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CN115997547A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-04-25 | 九方泰禾国际重工(青岛)股份有限公司 | Fodder harvester with straw crushing function |
CN115997547B (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-06-16 | 九方泰禾国际重工(青岛)股份有限公司 | Fodder harvester with straw crushing function |
CN116806462A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-09-29 | 山东生态家园环保股份有限公司 | A processing apparatus for solid useless of agricultural |
CN116806462B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-10-31 | 山东生态家园环保股份有限公司 | A processing apparatus for solid useless of agricultural |
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