CN107258239A - A kind of stalk chopper in small, broken bits - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to agricultural machinery technological field, more particularly to a kind of stalk chopper in small, broken bits.Stalk chopper in small, broken bits includes support body, pickup portion and smashing portion, pickup portion and smashing portion are arranged in support body, wherein, pickup portion includes picking up cutter shaft, be arranged on the pickup hammer pawl picked up on cutter shaft and being engaged pickup stationary knife group with pickup hammer pawl, and smashing portion includes crushing cutter shaft, the crushing hammer leaf being arranged on crushing cutter shaft and with crushing the crushing stationary knife group that hammer leaf is engaged.Stalk is realized straw field pickup and crushed at least twice under pickup portion and smashing portion collective effect, stalk is reached returning to the field requirement.

Description

A straw fine crushing and returning machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a straw crushing and returning machine.

Background technique

Straw returning has many advantages such as improving soil structure, increasing soil organic matter, improving soil fertility, and eliminating air pollution caused by straw burning. It has gradually become popular and produced good economic, ecological and social benefits.

At present, the main method of returning corn stalks to the field in dry farming areas in northern my country is: corn harvesting machinery crushes the stalks and throws them on the surface while harvesting corn ears, and then plows them into the soil with rotary tillage machinery in the later stage, in order to achieve the goal of rotting and decomposing the stalks. Purpose. This is currently the simplest method of returning straw to the field, and it is also the model that is vigorously promoted and used most in various places. However, due to limitations of working time and working conditions, mainstream corn harvesting machines focus on high-speed and high-efficiency harvesting of corn ears from design to operation, and the crushing of straw cannot really meet the requirements of returning straw to the field. The main manifestations are: 1. The crushed straw is too long (4-10 cm) and too thick, and it is scattered and concentrated. When the soil is prepared by rotary tillage in the later stage, the concentrated straw that is too thick cannot be turned into the soil and the rake is not solid, which affects the quality of land preparation; 2. When sowing, straw hinders sowing, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges; 3. Too long and too thick straw cannot rot for a long time, causing the soil to hang in the air, hindering the upward transmission of deep soil moisture, and affecting the emergence or growth of seedlings.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The object of the present invention is to provide a finely crushed straw returning machine to solve the problem that the crushed straw is too long in the existing straw returning equipment.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a finely crushed straw returning machine, which includes: a frame body,

The pick-up part is arranged on the inner side of the frame body. The pick-up part includes a pick-up cutter shaft, a pick-up hammer claw and a fixed pick-up knife group. The two ends of the pick-up cutter shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body. The pick-up hammer claws are set on the pick-up knife shaft at staggered intervals, the pick-up fixed knife set includes a plurality of pick-up fixed knives, and a plurality of the pick-up fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, the pick-up knife When the shaft rotates, it drives the pick-up hammer claw to rotate, and makes the pick-up hammer claw pass through the interval of picking up the fixed knife;

The crushing part is arranged on the inside of the frame, and the crushing part includes a crushing knife shaft, a crushing hammer and a crushing fixed knife group. The two ends of the crushing knife shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame, and the crushing The hammer blades are arranged on the crushing knife shaft in a staggered interval, the crushing fixed knife set includes a plurality of crushing fixed knives, and a plurality of the crushing fixed knives are arranged at intervals inside the frame body, and the crushing knife shaft rotates At this time, the crushing hammers are driven to rotate, and the crushing hammers are allowed to pass through the gap between the crushing fixed knives.

Preferably, a deflector is further provided between the picking-up part and the crushing part, and a space is left between the upper part of the deflector and the upper wall of the frame body.

Preferably, the deflector is a concave arc plate, and the concave arc surface faces the pick-up part.

Further, it also includes a grass raking part, and the grass raking part includes a plurality of raking grass tines arranged at intervals, one end of each grass raking tine is fixed on the deflector, and the other end extends out of the housing .

Preferably, the straw crushing and returning machine also includes a crushing screen for screening straw;

The crushing screen comprises a plurality of longitudinal sieve bars and a plurality of horizontal sieve bars, the plurality of longitudinal sieve bars are arranged at intervals, the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are all perpendicular to the longitudinal sieve bars, and the plurality of horizontal sieve bars are arranged between, When the crushing knife shaft rotates, the crushing hammers pass through the gaps between the longitudinal screen bars.

Preferably, a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions are arranged at intervals on each of the longitudinal screen bars.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars is 3 cm; the distance between two adjacent horizontal screen bars is 2 cm.

Preferably, the pick-up hammer claw is hinged on the pick-up cutter shaft.

Preferably, the crushing hammer is hinged on the crushing knife shaft.

Preferably, the crushing hammer includes a connecting block and a plurality of crushing blades, the plurality of crushing blades are arranged on the connecting block at intervals, and the connecting block is hinged to the crushing knife shaft.

Preferably, the straw crushing and returning machine further includes a power transmission system, and the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a picking-up transmission part and a crushing transmission part, and the picking-up transmission part and the crushing transmission part are respectively arranged on the frame both sides of

Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt;

The crushing transmission part includes a crushing driving pulley and a crushing driven pulley, the crushing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the crushing driven pulley is connected with the crushing knife shaft , the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected by a crushing synchronous belt.

Preferably, the straw crushing and returning machine also includes:

Stirring cage, arranged on the inside of the frame, the stirring cage includes a spiral stirring cage shaft and a stirring cage shell, the two ends of the spiral stirring cage shaft are rotatably fixed on the frame body, and the stirring cage shell The body covers the spiral stirring cage shaft, and the upper side of the stirring cage shell is provided with a straw inlet, and the crushed straw flying out of the crushing part enters the stirring cage through the straw inlet, so The casing of the stirring cage is also provided with a straw outlet;

A fan, the fan includes a fan housing and a fan impeller arranged in the fan housing, the fan housing is provided with a fan inlet and a fan outlet;

The inlet of the fan is set correspondingly to the outlet of the straw, and the spiral cage shaft transports the straw entering the cage to the outlet of the straw, and enters the fan casing through the inlet of the fan.

Preferably, a fan pumping cylinder is provided at the outlet of the fan for transporting the crushed straw to a designated location.

Preferably, the helical cage stirring shaft includes a left-handed blade of the cage shaft, a right-handed blade of the cage shaft, and a gear tooth of the cage shaft arranged between the left-handed blade and the right-handed blade of the cage shaft.

Preferably, the straw crushing and returning machine further includes a power transmission system, and the power transmission system includes a main gearbox, a pick-up transmission part, a crushing transmission part, a mixing cage transmission part and a fan transmission part;

Wherein, the pick-up transmission part includes a pick-up drive pulley and a pick-up driven pulley, the pick-up drive pulley is connected to the first output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pick-up driven pulley is connected to the pick-up knife The shaft is connected, and the picking-up driving pulley and the picking-up driven pulley are connected through a picking-up synchronous belt;

The pulverizing transmission part includes a pulverizing driving pulley and a pulverizing driven pulley, the pulverizing driving pulley is connected with the second output shaft of the main gearbox, and the pulverizing driven pulley is connected with the pulverizing knife shaft. One end is connected, and the crushing driving pulley and the crushing driven pulley are connected through a crushing synchronous belt;

The cage-stirring transmission part includes a cage-stirring driving pulley and a cage-stirring driven pulley, the cage-stirring driving pulley is connected to the other end of the crushing knife shaft, and the cage-stirring driven pulley is connected to the screw The cage shaft is connected, and the cage driving pulley and the cage driven pulley are connected through a cage synchronous belt.

The fan transmission part includes a fan power cardan shaft, a fan driving pulley and a fan driven pulley, one end of the fan power cardan shaft is connected to the third output shaft of the main gearbox, and the other end is connected to the The driving pulley of the fan is connected, the driven pulley of the fan is connected with the power input shaft of the fan, and the driving pulley of the fan is connected with the driven pulley of the fan through a synchronous belt of the fan.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the present invention includes a frame body, a pick-up part and a crushing part, and both the pick-up part and the crushing part are arranged in the frame body, wherein the pick-up part includes a pick-up cutter shaft, a set The pick-up hammer claw on the pick-up knife shaft and the fixed knife set matched with the pick-up hammer claw, the crushing part includes the crushing knife shaft, the crushing hammer set on the crushing knife shaft and the crushing fixed knife set matched with the crushing hammer . The straw is picked up and crushed at least twice under the joint action of the picking part and the crushing part, so that the straw meets the requirements of returning to the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a straw finely crushed returning machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a straw finely crushed returning machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another angle of the finely crushed straw returning machine according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a pick-up cutter shaft and a pick-up hammer claw according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a crushing knife shaft and a crushing hammer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of part A of the figure;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a deflector and raking tines according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a crushing screen according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the finely crushed straw returning machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the finely crushed straw returning machine in Example 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a three-helix cage stirring shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the finely crushed straw returning machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1: frame body; 11: upper panel of frame body; 12: left panel of frame body; 13: right panel of frame body; 2: pick-up part; 21: pick-up knife shaft; 22: pick-up hammer claw; 23 : picking up fixed knife group; 231: picking up fixed knife; 3: crushing part; 31: crushing knife shaft; 32: crushing hammer; 321: connecting block; 322: crushing blade; 33: crushing fixed knife group; 331: crushing Knife; 4: Broken screen; 41: Longitudinal screen bars; 411: Tooth-like protrusions; 42: Horizontal screen bars; : the first output shaft; 73: the second output shaft; 74: the third output shaft; 8: pick up the transmission part; 81: pick up the driving pulley; 82: pick up the driven pulley; 83: pick up the timing belt; 9: smash Transmission part; 91: crushing drive pulley; 92: crushing driven pulley; 93: crushing synchronous belt; 10: reversing gearbox; 100: suspension frame; 200: main drive cardan shaft; 300: fan transmission part; 301 : fan driving pulley; 302: fan driven pulley; 303: fan synchronous belt; 304: fan power cardan shaft; 400: stirring cage; 401: stirring cage shell; 4011: straw inlet; 4012: straw outlet; 402: spiral cage shaft; 4021: left-handed blade of the cage shaft; 4022: right-handed blade of the cage shaft; 4023: gear teeth of the cage shaft; 500: fan; 501: fan casing; 5011: fan inlet; 502: fan impeller ; 503: Fan pumping cylinder; 504: Fan power input shaft; 600: Stirring cage transmission part; 601: Stirring cage driving pulley; 602: Stirring cage driven pulley; 603: Stirring cage synchronous belt.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and Simplified descriptions, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

Embodiment one

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame body 1, a picking part 2 and a crushing part 3, wherein the picking part 2 and the crushing part 3 are arranged in the frame body 1, specifically Specifically, the frame body 1 is a shell structure with an open bottom.

The pick-up part 2 includes a pick-up cutter shaft 21, a pick-up hammer claw 22 and a fixed pick-up knife group 23, and the two ends of the pick-up cutter shaft 21 are respectively connected with the frame body left enclosure 12 and the frame right enclosure 13 through bearings, so that the pick-up cutter shaft 21 can rotate relative to the frame body 1 , and a plurality of pick-up hammer claws 22 are arranged on the pick-up knife shaft 21 in a staggered interval. Preferably, the pick-up hammer claws 22 are hinged and fixed on the pick-up knife shaft 21 .

Preferably, the pick-up fixed knife group 23 is arranged at the front corner of the frame body upper panel 11, and the pick-up fixed knife set 23 includes a plurality of pick-up fixed knives 231, and a plurality of pick-up fixed knives 231 are arranged on the inner side of the frame body 1 at intervals , when the pick-up cutter shaft 21 rotates, it drives the pick-up hammer claw 22 to rotate, forming an annular airflow, and realizing straw pick-up. When the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the area where the fixed knife group 23 is located, the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the interval of the pick-up fixed knife 231, so that the pick-up hammer claw 22 and the pick-up fixed knife 231 form a strong shearing force, which has Straw with tough fiber characteristics has a very good crushing effect, and the primary crushing of straw is realized.

Preferably, when the pick-up hammer claw 22 passes through the pick-up fixed knife group 23, the depth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 to pick up the fixed knife 231 is 1cm-3cm, and more preferably, the depth to the pick-up fixed knife 331 is 2cm.

Further, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the pick-up hammer claw 22 is hingedly fixed on the pick-up cutter shaft 21, so that when the pick-up hammer claw is working, the stalks are subjected to gravity and shear force simultaneously to improve the crushing effect.

In one embodiment, the pick-up hammer claw 22 is a wide-section, high-mass, claw-toothed structure, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent pick-up hammer claws 22 is 5 cm. On the shaft 21, such a structure makes the picking knife shaft 21 form a greater impact force after high-speed rotation, and the annular airflow formed by the agitation is stronger, which is beneficial to the picking up and rolling adsorption of straw. The multiple pick-up fixed knives 231 of the pick-up fixed knife group 23 are arranged at a distance of 5 cm between the pick-up knife shaft 21 and the upper panel 11 of the frame, and there is a 2 cm intersection between the claw teeth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 and the pick-up fixed knives. depth, and the teeth of the pick-up hammer claw 22 pass through the middle of the distance between the adjacent pick-up fixed knives 231. After the pick-up knife shaft 21 rotates at a high speed, the claw teeth of the pick-up hammer claw and the pick-up fixed knife form a shearing motion. The structure is designed with the characteristics of tough fibers, so that the straw is subjected to the double force of impact and shear during the picking process.

The crushing part 3 comprises a crushing knife shaft 31, a crushing hammer 32 and a crushing fixed knife group 33, wherein the two ends of the crushing knife shaft 31 are respectively connected with the frame body right wall 13 of the frame left wall 12 through bearings, so that the crushing knife The shaft 31 can rotate relative to the frame body 1 , and a plurality of pulverizing hammers 32 are arranged on the pulverizing blade shaft 31 in a staggered interval. Preferably, the pulverizing hammers 32 are hinged and fixed on the pulverizing blade shaft 31 .

Preferably, the crushing fixed knife group 33 is arranged at the rear side corner of the frame upper panel 11, and the crushing fixed knife group 33 includes a plurality of crushing fixed knives 331, and the plurality of crushing fixed knives 331 are arranged on the inner side of the frame body 1 at intervals , when the crushing knife shaft 31 rotates, it drives the crushing hammers 32 to rotate, and when the crushing hammers 32 pass through the area where the crushing fixed knife group 23 is located, the crushing hammers 32 pass through the gap between the crushing fixed knives 331, so that the crushing hammers 32 forms stronger shearing force with pulverizing fixed knife 331.

Preferably, when the crushing hammer 32 passes through the crushing fixed knife set 33 , the crushing hammer 32 penetrates into the space between the crushing fixed knives 331 to a depth of 1 cm-3 cm, more preferably, the depth to the space between the crushing fixed knives 331 is 2 cm.

In this embodiment, the crushing hammer 32 includes a connection block 321 and a plurality of crushing blades 322 , the plurality of crushing blades 322 are arranged in parallel on the connection block 321 at intervals, and the connection block 321 is hinged and fixed on the crushing blade shaft 31 .

Although most of the stalks with larger sizes will be rotated again by the crushing hammer 32 to the fixed knife set 33 to be crushed again, but in order to prevent some stalks with large sizes from falling directly to the ground, in some embodiments, further, A crushing screen 4 is arranged on the lower side of the crushing part 3 to prevent long straws from returning to the field directly. Specifically, the two ends of the crushing screen 4 are fixed on the left panel 12 and the right panel 13 of the frame, and the straws with longer dimensions fall onto the crushing screen 4 and are taken away by the crushing hammers 32 rotating at high speed to be crushed again. .

Preferably, the cross section of the crushing screen 4 is arc-shaped, so that the distances between each segment of the crushing screen 4 and the crushing shaft 31 or the crushing hammer 32 are the same, and the time for the crushing hammer 2 to be on the crushing screen 4 is increased.

In the present embodiment, the crushing screen 4 includes a plurality of longitudinal screen bars 41 and a plurality of transverse screen bars 42, and the plurality of longitudinal screen bars 41 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and preferably, the longitudinal screen bars 41 are arc-shaped sheets, and the horizontal screen bars 42 is perpendicular to the vertical screen bar 41, and a plurality of vertical screen bars 41 are connected together, and a plurality of horizontal screen bars 42 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the horizontal screen bar 42 is cylindrical, and when the crushing knife shaft 31 rotates, each crushing blade 321 Pass through the interval between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars 41, and go deep into the interval to prevent the stalks from accumulating and blocking the crushing screen 4. Preferably, the crushing blade 321 penetrates into the depth of the longitudinal screen bar 41 interval to be 1cm -3 cm, more preferably, the depth into the longitudinal mesh bars 41 is 2 cm.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent longitudinal screen bars 41 is 3 cm; the distance between two adjacent horizontal screen bars 42 is 2 cm.

In this embodiment, the crushing blades 321 arranged at five intervals pass through the five intervals of the longitudinal sieve bar 41, so that longer straws can be crushed better.

Further, in order to improve the crushing effect, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions 411 are arranged at intervals on each longitudinal screen bar 41 to block larger straws, and cooperate with the crushing hammers 32 pairs The blocked stalks are crushed again.

Further, the crushed straw returning machine in this example transmits power to the pick-up cutter shaft 21 and the crushing cutter shaft 31 through the power transmission system, so as to provide power for the picking-up part 2 and the crushing part 3 to realize picking and crushing.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the power transmission system includes a main gearbox 7, a pick-up transmission part 8 and a crushing transmission part 9, wherein the main gearbox 7 includes a first input shaft 71, a first output The shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73, the first output shaft 71 is connected with the rear output power shaft of the tractor through the main transmission cardan shaft 200, and the first output shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73 are used for power output. The pick-up transmission part 8 is located on the left side of the frame body 1 , and the crushing transmission part 9 is located on the right side of the frame body 1 .

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the pickup transmission part 8 includes a pickup driving pulley 81 and a pickup driven pulley 82, wherein the pickup driving pulley 81 is connected with the first output shaft 72 of the main gearbox 7, Picking up driven pulley 82 is connected with picking up cutter shaft 21, and picking up driving pulley 81 is connected with picking up driven pulley 82 by picking up synchronous belt 83.

The pulverizing transmission portion 9 comprises a pulverizing driving pulley 91 and a pulverizing driven pulley 92, wherein the pulverizing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 73 of the main gearbox 7, and the pulverizing driven pulley 92 is connected with the pulverizing knife shaft 31 , The crushing driving pulley 91 is connected with the crushing driven pulley 92 through the crushing synchronous belt 93 .

In another embodiment, the pickup drive pulley 81 is sequentially connected to the first output shaft 71 through a power transfer shaft and a power cardan shaft. The crushing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 72 through the power transfer shaft and the power cardan shaft in turn.

Of course, the picking unit and the crushing unit may not use the power transmission system, but use separate power systems to provide power. Since there are many ways to realize this solution in the prior art, so no details are given here.

It should also be noted that the shafts not mentioned in this embodiment can use adapter shafts, cardan shafts and other structures according to needs. The above structures are all mature existing technologies and will not be repeated here.

Further, in order to improve the efficiency of picking up stalks, as shown in Figure 2, preferably, a deflector 5 is set between the picking part 2 and the crushing part 3, and the two ends of the deflector 5 are respectively fixed on the left side of the frame. On the plate 12 and the frame body right panel 13, and also leave a certain interval between the top of the deflector 5 and the frame body upper panel 11, so that the crushing part 3 and the pick-up part 2 are communicated.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the deflector 5 is a concave arc-shaped plate, and the concave arc faces the direction of the pick-up cutter shaft 21. The effect is to form a high-speed air circulation, and the straw roll is adsorbed to the picking part 2, and then enters the crushing part 3 under the action of the frame enclosure.

Further, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7, a rake part is provided on the lower side of the deflector 5, and the rake part includes a plurality of rake teeth 6 arranged at intervals, the rake teeth 6 are elastic, The straw in the furrow and the straw that has not been picked up around can be hugged under the pick-up knife shaft, so that these straws can be picked up smoothly.

When in use, the rear power shaft of the tractor drives the main gearbox 7 through the main drive cardan shaft 200, and the main gearbox 7 drives the pickup drive pulley 81 and the crushing drive pulley 91 to rotate through the first output shaft 72 and the second output shaft 73 respectively. , and then drive the pick-up cutter shaft 21 and the crushing cutter shaft 31 to rotate, so that the pick-up cutter shaft 21 and the crushing cutter shaft 31 rotate at a speed of 2220 rpm, and the pick-up hammer claw 22 hits the stalks laid on the ground at a high speed, initially crushing the stalks, and Using the air circulation formed by high-speed rotation, the initially crushed straw rolls are carried into the pick-up part 2, and rotate synchronously with the pick-up hammer claw 22. At the pick-up fixed knife group 23, the straw is crushed again, and then the straw enters the crushing part 3 , under the combined action of the crushing hammer 32 and the crushing fixed knife group 33, the straw is crushed again, and the straw that meets the requirement of returning to the field passes through the crushing screen 4 to complete the returning of the straw to the field. The larger straw falls on the crushing screen 4 and is crushed again by the crushing hammer 32, especially the straw that is blocked by the tooth-shaped projections 411 on the crushing screen 4. The crushing hammer 32 cooperates with the tooth-shaped projections 411 to The blocked straw is crushed again, and the straw has basically met the requirements of returning to the field after being crushed many times.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 10, the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that in order to make the main gearbox 7 smaller, two main gearboxes whose output shafts turn inconsistently will be used. Case 7, for such main gearbox 7, as shown in Figure 10, in the present embodiment two, reversing gear box 10 is set on frame body right turn plate 13, and crushing driving pulley 91 passes through reversing gear box 10 and the first The two output shafts 73 are connected, that is, after the pulverizing transmission part 9 is reversed by the reversing gear box 10, the direction of rotation of the pulverizing driving pulley 91 and the second output shaft 73 is opposite, but the pulverizing knife shaft 31 can be connected to the picking up knife shaft 21. The direction of rotation remains the same.

It should be noted that the reversing gear box 10 can also be installed on the side where the pick-up transmission part 8 is located, that is, by changing the rotation direction of the pick-up knife shaft 21, the pick-up knife shaft 21 and the crushing knife shaft 31 can keep the same rotation direction.

Embodiment three

The third embodiment is basically the same as the first or second embodiment, and the similarities will not be repeated. The difference is that, as shown in FIG. The spiral cage shaft 402 and the cage housing 401, the two ends of the spiral cage shaft 402 are rotatably fixed on the frame left panel 12 and the frame right panel 13 of the frame body 1, and the cage housing 401 covers The spiral cage shaft 402 is arranged to prevent the stalks from directly falling to the ground.

Further, a straw inlet 4011 is provided on the upper side of the stirring cage housing 401, and the crushed straw flying out from the crushing part 3 enters the stirring cage 400 through the straw inlet 4011, and the stirring cage housing 401 is also provided with a straw outlet 4012, The spiral cage shaft 402 stirs the straw and transports the straw to the straw outlet 4012 . Under the stirring effect of the spiral cage shaft 402, the stalks are evenly sprinkled on the ground through the sieve holes, and the straw enters the fan.

In this embodiment, the spiral cage shaft 402 and the cage housing 401 work together to complete straw transportation, and discharge the airflow inside the body to form a circulation of the airflow.

Preferably, the straw outlet 4012 is arranged on the side of the cage housing 401, and is located in the middle of the axial direction. As shown in FIG. The right-handed blade 4022 of the cage shaft is provided with a stirring cage shaft shifting tooth 4023 in the middle. The left-handed blade 4021 of the cage shaft and the right-handed blade 4022 of the cage shaft can respectively stir the straw on the left side and the right side of the cage housing 401 and transport it to the screw agitator. In the middle part of the cage shaft 402, the stirring cage shaft shifting teeth 4023 assist the stalks to be pushed out of the stalk outlet 4012.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11 , a crushing screen 4 is provided on the lower side of the crushing part 3 to prevent long straws from directly returning to the field. The crushed stalk enters the stirring cage 400 after screening from the crushing screen 4 . The specific structure and function of the crushing screen 4 are basically the same as those described in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

The straw inlet 4011 of the mixing cage housing 401 can completely accommodate the crushing screen 4 , that is, all the straw screened out from the sieve holes of the crushing screen 4 can enter into the stirring cage 400 .

As shown in Figure 11, a fan 500 is provided on the frame body 1 or other components near the frame body 1, which includes a fan housing 501, a fan impeller 502 arranged in the fan housing 501, specifically, the fan housing 501 is provided with There is a fan inlet 5011 and a fan outlet, and the fan inlet 5011 is set corresponding to the straw outlet 4012. The corresponding setting here means that the straw outlet 4012 and the fan inlet 5011 are connected and set, so that the straw in the stirring cage 400 passes through the straw outlet 4012 and the fan inlet. 5011 is pumped into the fan, and then output from the fan outlet.

As shown in Figure 11, preferably, a fan pumping cylinder 503 is provided at the outlet of the fan. The straw is transported to the raised ridge so that the straw can be returned to the field.

In addition, the fan pumping cylinder 503 can also directly transport the crushed straw to a following vehicle or a collection bin (not shown in the figure) provided on the field returning machine, so as to facilitate the collection of straw to make feed or fertilizer. This method of cooperating with following vehicles or self-contained collection bins for crushing and collecting straws essentially enables the finely crushed straw return machine to achieve the purpose of crushing and collecting straws.

Among them, the collection bin can be arranged on the frame body 1, and its collection port is set corresponding to the outlet of the fan, which can directly collect the stalks discharged from the outlet of the fan. Any position on the field returning machine corresponding to the barrel, and the straw is sent to the collection bin by the fan pumping barrel 503.

As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 13, this embodiment also provides a power transmission system for the field returning machine of this embodiment, the power transmission system includes a main gearbox 7, a pick-up transmission part 8, a crushing transmission part 9, Stir cage transmission part 600 and blower fan transmission part 300 wherein, picking up transmission part 8 and described pulverization transmission part 9 are respectively arranged on both sides of frame body 1, and stirring cage transmission part 600 and picking up transmission part 8 are positioned at the same side of frame body 1 , the main gearbox 7 includes a first input shaft 71, a first output shaft 72, a second output shaft 73 and a third output shaft 74, and the first output shaft 71 is connected with the rear output power shaft of the tractor through the main drive cardan shaft 200 .

Concretely, pick-up drive unit 8 comprises pick-up driving pulley 81 and pick-up driven pulley 82, and pick-up driving pulley 81 is connected with the first output shaft 72 of main gearbox 7, and picks up driven pulley 82 and picks up cutter shaft 21 Connect, pick up driving pulley 81 and pick up driven pulley 82 and connect by picking up synchronous belt 83.

The pulverizing transmission section 9 comprises a pulverizing driving pulley 91 and a pulverizing driven pulley 92, the pulverizing driving pulley 91 is connected with the second output shaft 73 of the main gearbox 7, and the pulverizing driven pulley 92 is connected with one end of the pulverizing knife shaft 31 , The crushing driving pulley 91 and the crushing driven pulley 92 are connected by a crushing synchronous belt 93 .

The cage-stirring transmission part 600 includes a cage-stirring driving pulley 601 and a cage-stirring driven pulley 602, the cage-stirring driving pulley 601 is connected to the other end of the crushing knife shaft 31, and the cage-stirring driven pulley 602 is connected to the spiral cage-stirring shaft 102 Connect, stir cage driving pulley 601 and stir cage driven pulley 602 by stirring cage synchronous belt 603 and connect.

The fan transmission part 300 includes a fan power cardan shaft 304, a fan driving pulley 301 and a fan driven pulley 302. One end of the fan power cardan shaft 304 is connected with the third output shaft 74 of the main gearbox 7, and the other end is worn Fixed on the driving pulley 301 of the fan, the driven pulley 302 of the fan is connected with the power input shaft 304 of the fan, the driving pulley 301 of the fan is connected with the driven pulley 302 of the fan through the synchronous belt 303 of the fan.

Of course, the transmission part of the fan can also be connected with the cage shaft 402 through a synchronous pulley, which will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that, the transmission system in this embodiment can also use a reversing gearbox to change the transmission direction as described in Embodiment 2, and details will not be repeated here.

In summary, the finely crushed straw returning machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame body, a picking part, a crushing part, a crushing screen and a power transmission system. The power transmission system provides power for the picking part and the crushing part. The picking part and the crushing part The crushing part is arranged in the frame body, and the picking part includes a pick-up knife shaft, a pick-up hammer claw arranged on the pick-up knife shaft, and a fixed knife set matched with the pick-up hammer claw, and a crushing part includes a crushing knife shaft, and a pick-up hammer claw set on the crushing knife shaft. A crushing hammer and a crushing fixed knife set matched with the crushing hammer. Under the joint action of the picking part, the crushing part and the crushing screen, the straw is crushed many times to meet the requirements of returning to the field.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of stalk chopper in small, broken bits, it is characterised in that including：

Support body,

Pickup portion, is arranged on the inside of the support body, and the pickup portion includes picking up cutter shaft, pick up hammer pawl and picking up stationary knife group, institute State and pick up the two ends of cutter shaft and be rotatably fixed on the support body, it is multiple it is described pick up hammer pawl interleaveds be arranged on described pick up Pick up on cutter shaft, the pickup stationary knife group includes multiple pickup stationary knifes, and multiple pickup stationary knifes are disposed on the support body Inner side, when the pickup cutter shaft is rotated, drives the hammer pawl of picking up to rotate, and make the hammer pawl of picking up from the interval for picking up stationary knife Inside pass through；

Smashing portion, is arranged on the inside of the support body, and the smashing portion includes crushing cutter shaft, crush hammer leaf and crushing stationary knife group, institute State and crush the two ends of cutter shaft and be rotatably fixed on the support body, the crushing hammer leaf interleaved is arranged on the crushing knife On axle, the crushing stationary knife group includes multiple crushing stationary knifes, and multiple crushing stationary knifes are disposed on the inside of the support body, When the crushing cutter shaft is rotated, the crushing hammer leaf is driven to rotate, and the crushing hammer leaf is led to out of interval that crush stationary knife Cross.

2. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Between the pickup portion and the smashing portion It is additionally provided with above deflector, the deflector and is installed with interval on support body between coaming plate.

3. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Also include hugging careless portion, it is described to hug Cao Bubao Include it is multiple it is spaced hug careless elastic claw, each hug the equal one end of careless elastic claw and be fixed on the deflector, the other end stretches out described Outside support body.

4. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include being used to screen the broken of stalk Sieve；

The broken sieve includes multiple longitudinal gratings and multiple horizontal gratings, and the multiple longitudinal grating is arranged at intervals, described many Individual horizontal grating is each perpendicular to set between longitudinal grating, and multiple horizontal gratings, when the crushing cutter shaft is rotated, the crushing hammer The interval of piece from longitudinal grating passes through.

5. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is arranged at intervals on each longitudinal grating There are multiple detent projections.

6. the stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：Two neighboring longitudinal grating it Between spacing be 3 centimetres；Spacing between the two neighboring horizontal grating is 2 centimetres.

7. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hammer pawl of picking up is hinged on the pickup On cutter shaft.

8. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The crushing hammer leaf is hinged on the crushing On cutter shaft.

9. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The crushing hammer leaf includes contiguous block and many Individual Disintegrating knife, the multiple Disintegrating knife is disposed on the contiguous block, the contiguous block and the crushing cutter shaft hinge Connect.

10. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include power drive system, it is described dynamic Power transmission system includes main-gear box, picks up driving section and crushes driving section, the pickup driving section and the crushing driving section It is separately positioned on the both sides of the support body；

Wherein, the pickup driving section include pick up driving pulley and pick up driven pulley, the pickup driving pulley with it is described The first output shaft connection of main-gear box, the pickup driven pulley is connected with the pickup cutter shaft, the pickup driving pulley Connected with driven pulley is picked up by picking up timing belt；

The crushing driving section includes crushing driving pulley and crushes driven pulley, the crushing driving pulley and main transformer speed The second output shaft connection of case, the crushing driven pulley is connected with the crushing cutter shaft, the crushing driving pulley and crushing Driven pulley is connected by crushing timing belt.

11. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include：

Stirring cage, is arranged on the inside of the support body, and the stirring cage includes spiral stirring cage axle and stirring cage housing, the spiral stirring cage axle Two ends are rotatably fixed on the support body, and the stirring cage housing coats the spiral stirring cage axle and set, and the stirring cage housing Upside be provided with stalk entrance, stalk after the crushing flown out from the smashing portion enters the stirring cage by the stalk entrance, Stalk outlet is additionally provided with the stirring cage housing；

Blower fan, the blower fan is included on Blower Housing and the draught fan impeller being arranged in the Blower Housing, the Blower Housing Provided with fans entrance and fan outlet；

The fans entrance is correspondingly arranged with stalk outlet, and the spiral stirring cage axle is defeated by the stalk entered in the stirring cage The stalk outlet is sent to, and is entered through the fans entrance in the Blower Housing.

12. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：Taken out at the fan outlet provided with blower fan Cylinder is sent, for the stalk after crushing to be conveyed into specified location.

13. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：The spiral stirring cage axle includes stirring cage axle Left-handed leaf, stirring cage axle dextrorotation leaf and the stirring cage axle moving tooth being arranged between the left-handed leaf of stirring cage axle and stirring cage axle dextrorotation leaf.

14. stalk chopper in small, broken bits according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：Also include power drive system, it is described Power drive system includes main-gear box, picks up driving section, crushes driving section, stirring cage driving section and blower fan driving section；

Wherein, the pickup driving section include pick up driving pulley and pick up driven pulley, the pickup driving pulley with it is described The first output shaft connection of main-gear box, the pickup driven pulley is connected with the pickup cutter shaft, the pickup driving pulley Connected with driven pulley is picked up by picking up timing belt；

The crushing driving section includes crushing driving pulley and crushes driven pulley, the crushing driving pulley and main transformer speed The second output shaft connection of case, the driven pulley of crushing is connected with one end of the crushing cutter shaft, the crushing driving pulley Connected with driven pulley is crushed by crushing timing belt；

The stirring cage driving section includes stirring cage driving pulley and stirring cage driven pulley, the stirring cage driving pulley and the crushing knife The other end connection of axle, the stirring cage driven pulley is connected with the spiral stirring cage axle, the stirring cage driving pulley and stirring cage from Movable belt pulley is connected by stirring cage timing belt.

The blower fan driving section includes blower fan power universal drive shaft, blower fan driving pulley and blower fan driven pulley, the blower fan power One end of universal drive shaft is connected with the 3rd output shaft of the main-gear box, and the other end is connected with the blower fan driving pulley, described Blower fan driven pulley is connected with the blower fan power input shaft, and the blower fan driving pulley passes through wind with the blower fan driven pulley Machine timing belt is connected.