CN111354805B - 石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用,给出首例基于宏观石墨烯的中红外探测器,可在不同气压和不同温度下工作,探测频率可达1兆赫兹。由于良好的柔性,石墨烯纤维基探测器可制备成可编织光电器件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石墨烯纤维的新应用,特别是涉及石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用。
背景技术
由于其特殊的波长分布,中红外光在分子检测、医疗保健、气象科学、保密通信等领域有着重要的作用。
传统的中红外光的探测器可分为两种:一种是半导体,这种材料脆性比较大且价格昂贵;另一种是微纳米尺度的层状材料,如少层石墨烯、过渡金属氧(硫)化物等,这种材料难以承受相当的力学作用,而且效能较低。另外,传统的中红外探测器只能在低温情况下工作,在高温下会逐渐失效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提供石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用,实现了探测芯片的宏观化。
本发明的另一个目的在于:提供石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用,解决了现有的微观探测器件的力学问题,可以承受相当的力学作用,可编织、价格低廉、密度低、速率快。
本发明的另一个目的在于:提供石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用,解决现有的微观探测器件的适用性问题。探测波长的范围为3-10微米,最快探测频率达1兆赫兹,适用复杂工作环境,其中,工作气压环境为0-1013mbar,工作温度环境为30-400K。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:将石墨烯纤维固定在两个金属电极之间,输入100mA 以下的暗电流;在中红外环境中,石墨烯纤维输出响应电流;所述石墨烯纤维的碳氧比在10以上。
进一步地,石墨烯纤维可通过湿法纺丝制备,石墨烯纤维可以呈现出多种形态(实心圆柱、缎带装、螺旋状等)和多种维度(亚微米、微米、毫米级别)。
通常的,所述石墨烯纤维的直径为0.1-1000微米,长度可以根据实际情况任意选择。
进一步地,输入电压控制在20mA以下。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明提供了中红外探测器是首例基于石墨烯宏观材料的探测器,操作过程简单便捷,探测性能良好。由于石墨烯纤维具有良好的柔性,在可穿戴电子器件和储能材料等领域有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为石墨烯纤维基探测器的装置示意图;
图2为石墨烯纤维基探测器的响应频率;
图3为石墨烯纤维基织布;
图4为耐水洗性能测试结果;
图5为石墨烯纤维基探测器对不同波长中红外光的响应度和响应频率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种基于石墨烯纤维的柔性中红外探测器,包括以下过程:
(1)以氧化石墨烯的分散液做为原料(高烯科技),使用湿法纺丝的技术制备直径为20微米的实心圆柱状纤维,2000℃高温热还原10min,测得碳氧比为10.1。
(2)将长度为1cm的石墨烯纤维固定在铜电极之间,组装成如图1所述的探测器,通过两个电极向石墨烯纤维输入大小为20mA的暗电流。
(3)在工作气压环境为10mbar,工作温度环境为400K环境下,使用波长3微米,功率为5mW/cm2的中红外光照射石墨烯纤维,通过两个电极采集电流信号。器件的电流产生快速响应,上升沿为100纳秒,下降沿为2微秒,响应时间为0.9微秒,如图2所示。
实施例2
一种基于石墨烯纤维的柔性中红外探测器,包括以下过程:
(1)以氧化石墨烯的分散液做为原料(高烯科技),使用湿法纺丝的技术制备直径为32微米的实心圆柱状石墨烯纤维,2000℃高温热还原10min,测得碳氧比为11。
(2)以上述石墨烯纤维编制成如图3所述的织布。
(3)在织布的两侧设置铜电极之间,两个电极之间的间距为3cm,输入大小为13mA的暗电流。
(4)在工作气压环境为1013mbar;工作温度环境为30K环境下,使用波长5.5微米,功率为7mW/cm2的中红外光照射石墨烯纤维,通过两个电极采集电流信号。器件的电流产生快速响应,上升沿为130纳秒,下降沿为3.3微秒,响应时间为1.1微秒。
将该织布进行多次洗涤(滚筒洗衣机,30摄氏度,800转,每次15分钟),试验结果表明,洗涤8次后保持原有的响应度。
实施例3
一种基于石墨烯纤维的柔性中红外探测器,包括以下过程:
(1)以氧化石墨烯的分散液做为原料(高烯科技),使用湿法纺丝的技术制备直径为45微米的实心圆柱状纤维,2000℃高温热还原20min,测得碳氧比为10.4。
(2)将长度为10cm的石墨烯纤维固定在铜电极之间,输入大小为3mA的暗电流。
(3)在工作气压环境为1013mbar;工作温度环境为400K环境下,使用功率为9mW/cm2,波长为3微米的中红外光照射石墨烯纤维,通过两个电极采集电流信号。器件的电流产生快速响应,上升沿为140纳秒,下降沿为4.5微秒,响应时间为1.3微秒。
实施例4
一种基于石墨烯纤维的柔性中红外探测器,包括以下过程:
(1)以氧化石墨烯的分散液做为原料(高烯科技),使用湿法纺丝的技术制备直径为150微米的实心圆柱状纤维,2000℃高温热还原30min,测得碳氧比为10.8。
(2)将长度为1cm石墨烯纤维固定在铜电极之间,输入大小为3mA的暗电流。
(3)在工作气压环境为1013mbar;工作温度环境为400K环境下,分别使用功率为9mW/cm2,波长为3~10微米的中红外光照射石墨烯纤维,通过两个电极采集电流信号。如图5所示,响应电流随波长变化而变化。
Claims (7)
1.石墨烯纤维在中红外光电探测中的应用,其特征在于,该应用为:将石墨烯纤维固定在两个金属电极之间,输入100mA以下的暗电流;在中红外环境中,所述石墨烯纤维输出响应电流;所述石墨烯纤维的碳氧比在10以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,探测波长的范围为3-10微米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,其特征在于,其最快探测频率达1兆赫兹。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,其工作气压环境为0-1013mbar;工作温度环境为30-400K。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述石墨烯纤维通过湿法纺丝得到。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述石墨烯纤维为实心圆柱体、空心圆柱体、核壳结构、带状或螺旋状。
7.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,输入暗电流的大小为3-20mA。
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