CN111348954A - Special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for fruit trees and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111348954A CN111348954A CN201811570121.4A CN201811570121A CN111348954A CN 111348954 A CN111348954 A CN 111348954A CN 201811570121 A CN201811570121 A CN 201811570121A CN 111348954 A CN111348954 A CN 111348954A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special fertilizer for fruit trees and a preparation method thereof. A special fertilizer for fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; 20-25 parts of phosphate fertilizer; 30-50 parts of potash fertilizer; 1-3 parts of medium trace elements; 1-3 parts of polyglutamic acid; and 1 to 3 parts of alginate; wherein the phosphate fertilizer comprises polyphosphoric acid, and the medium trace element is at least one selected from a calcium-containing compound, a magnesium-containing compound, a sulfur-containing compound, a copper-containing compound, a zinc-containing compound, a manganese-containing compound, a boron-containing compound, a molybdenum-containing compound and an iron-containing compound. The special fertilizer for fruit trees has good fertilizer efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special fertilizer for fruit trees and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is wide in breadth, the land spans three zones of cold, warm and hot, the fruit trees are rich in resources and various in varieties, and the fruit trees are one of the largest origins of the fruit trees in the world. The fruit tree cultivation history is long, the garden technique is long-flowing, and the people are in good standing of the mother of gardens in the world. From 1993 to date, the total area and yield of fruits have been the first place in the world. Meanwhile, the quality and industrialization level of the fruit are continuously developed and improved. At present, the fruit industry becomes the third agricultural planting industry following grains and vegetables, is a dominant agricultural industry with wide market prospect at home and abroad and stronger international competitiveness, and is also one of bright spots of economic development in many places and a post industry for leading farmers to become rich.
As the economic benefit is driven, fruit growers pay great attention to orchard management in China, but due to the limitation of the technological level and the illusion of thought recognition, great blindness and randomness are brought to management, and generally fruit growers are mainly used for managing light underground management. At present, the fruit trees usually use mixed fertilizer obtained by mixing urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, the fertilizer efficiency of the applied fertilizer is poor, the yield of the fruit trees is not obviously increased, and the fruit quality of the fruit trees is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a special fruit tree fertilizer with good fertilizer efficiency and a preparation method thereof are needed.
A special fertilizer for fruit trees comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the phosphate fertilizer comprises polyphosphate, and the medium trace element is at least one of calcium-containing compound, magnesium-containing compound, sulfur-containing compound, zinc-containing compound, boron-containing compound and iron-containing compound.
The special fertilizer for the fruit trees has reasonable component proportion, better fertilizer efficiency due to mutual synergistic effect of the components, and can reduce the fertilizer application amount and the fertilizer application frequency of fruit growers; the polyphosphate is chelated with the medium trace elements, so that the absorption of the medium trace elements from soil to fruit trees can be improved, and the polyphosphate can also be used as a long-acting corrosion-inhibiting phosphate fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer is improved; the polyglutamic acid can chelate partial medium and trace elements, such as calcium, magnesium and zinc, so that the absorption efficiency of the medium and trace elements is improved; the polyglutamic acid can condition soil, loosen the soil and keep the water of the soil, and provides a good environment for the root system of the fruit tree to absorb nutrition; experiments prove that the fruit tree applying the special fruit tree fertilizer can increase the weight of a single fruit, the total yield and the sugar degree of the fruit.
In one embodiment, the phosphate fertilizer further comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, a compound fertilizer of phosphorus nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and calcium superphosphate.
In one embodiment, the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from at least one of urea, a nitrophosphorus compound fertilizer, a nitrophosphate fertilizer, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate; or/and
the polyphosphate is selected from at least one of ammonium polyphosphate and potassium polyphosphate.
In one embodiment, the potash fertilizer is at least one selected from potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, and potassium chloride.
In one embodiment, the alginate is selected from at least one of sodium alginate, ammonium alginate and potassium alginate.
In one embodiment, the mortar further comprises 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials, wherein the auxiliary materials are selected from at least one of lime powder, iron oxide, a forming agent and a slab preventing agent.
In one embodiment, the forming agent is selected from at least one of carbon black, clay, and xanthan gum.
In one embodiment, the anti-caking agent is at least one selected from talcum powder and vegetable oil.
In one embodiment, the auxiliary materials comprise, by weight: 80 to 90 percent of lime powder, 1 to 10 percent of ferric oxide, 1 to 5 percent of forming agent and 1 to 5 percent of anti-board-hardening agent.
The preparation method of the special fruit tree fertilizer comprises the following steps:
heating and melting a nitrogen fertilizer, adding a phosphate fertilizer, and fully reacting to obtain molten slurry;
reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 150-160 ℃, adding medium trace elements, polyglutamic acid and alginate, and stirring for reaction to obtain a pre-product; and
adding a potash fertilizer into the pre-product at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain the special fertilizer for the fruit trees.
Detailed Description
The fertilizer special for fruit trees and the preparation method thereof will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The special fruit tree fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the medium trace element is at least one selected from calcium-containing compound, magnesium-containing compound, sulfur-containing compound, zinc-containing compound, boron-containing compound and iron-containing compound.
In one embodiment, the calcium-containing compound is selected from at least one of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride. The magnesium-containing compound is at least one selected from magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate and magnesium chloride. The sulfur-containing compound is at least one selected from calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ferrous sulfate. The zinc-containing compound is at least one selected from zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc carbonate and zinc nitrate. The boron-containing compound is at least one of borax or boric acid. The iron-containing compound is at least one of ferrous sulfate or ferrous chloride.
In one embodiment, the medium trace elements comprise, by mass, 20% to 40% of a calcium-containing compound, 20% to 40% of a magnesium-containing compound, 20% to 40% of a sulfur-containing compound, 1% to 5% of a zinc-containing compound, 1% to 5% of a boron-containing compound, and 1% to 5% of an iron-containing compound. By adjusting the proportion of the medium trace elements, the special fertilizer for the fruits and the vegetables is closer to the requirements of the fruit trees, and the effects of increasing the yield and the increase are achieved.
Wherein the phosphate fertilizer comprises polyphosphate. The polyphosphoric acid has the function of chelating the trace elements, and can improve the absorption efficiency of the trace elements from soil to plant bodies. After being chelated with the medium trace elements, the polyphosphate can be used as a long-acting slow-release phosphate fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer is improved.
In one embodiment, the polyphosphate is selected from at least one of ammonium polyphosphate and potassium polyphosphate.
In other embodiments, the phosphate fertilizer further comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, a nitro phosphate complex, monoammonium phosphate, a calcium magnesium phosphate, and calcium superphosphate.
In one embodiment, the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from at least one of urea, a nitrophosphorus compound fertilizer, a nitrophosphate fertilizer, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate.
In one embodiment, the potash fertilizer is at least one selected from potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, and potassium chloride.
Polyglutamic acid (gamma-PGA), also called natto gum and polyglutamic acid, is a water-soluble, biodegradable and nontoxic biological polymer prepared by using a microbial fermentation method. Gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid is a viscous substance, and is found for the first time in 'natto' -fermented beans, and the moisturizing and water locking effects of the gamma-PGA polyglutamic acid are 500 times of those of hyaluronic acid. The polyglutamic acid can chelate part of medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and the like, can further improve the absorption efficiency of the medium and trace elements, and can condition soil, loosen the soil and keep the water of the soil at the same time, thereby providing a good environment for root systems to absorb nutrition.
The alginate contains disease-resistant factors and special components, has remarkable antibacterial, antiviral and anthelmintic effects, has double effects of fertilizer and pesticide, and remarkably enhances the stress resistance and disease resistance of fruit trees after being applied. In one embodiment, the alginate is selected from at least one of sodium alginate, ammonium alginate and potassium alginate. Preferably, the alginate is sodium alginate. The sodium alginate is a natural soil conditioner, can promote the formation of a soil granular structure, improve the internal pore space of soil, coordinate the proportion of solid, liquid and gas in the soil, recover the balance of natural colloid lost due to over-heavy soil burden and chemical pollution, increase the biological activity of the soil, promote the release of quick-acting nutrients, facilitate the growth of root systems, and improve the stress resistance and continuous cropping resistance of fruit trees.
In one embodiment, the special fruit tree fertilizer further comprises 1-5 parts of auxiliary materials, and the auxiliary materials are at least one selected from lime powder, iron oxide, a forming agent and a plate-preventing agent.
Lime powder (CaCO)3) Can be used as filler.
The iron oxide can improve the appearance of the product.
The forming agent is at least one selected from carbon black, clay and xanthan gum.
The anti-hardening agent is at least one selected from anti-hardening oil and anti-hardening powder. Preferably, the anti-hardening oil is neutral vegetable oil. More preferably, the anti-sheeting agent is at least one selected from coconut oil, palm oil and mineral oil. The anti-hardening powder is talcum powder.
In one embodiment, the auxiliary materials comprise, in weight percent: 80 to 90 percent of lime powder, 1 to 10 percent of ferric oxide, 1 to 5 percent of forming agent and 1 to 5 percent of anti-board-hardening agent.
In one embodiment, the special fruit tree fertilizer is granules with the grain diameter of 2.0-4.75 mm. The anti-caking agent in the auxiliary material is attached to the surface of the particles.
The special fertilizer for the fruit trees has reasonable component ratio, better fertilizer efficiency and comprehensive nutrition due to mutual synergistic effect among the components, contains major elements, secondary elements, trace elements and organic nutrition, and can reduce the fertilizer application amount and the fertilizer application frequency of fruit growers; the polyphosphoric acid is chelated with the medium trace elements to obtain polyphosphoric acid, so that the absorption of the medium trace elements from soil to fruit trees can be improved, and the polyphosphoric acid can also be used as a long-acting corrosion-inhibition phosphate fertilizer to improve the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer; the polyglutamic acid can chelate partial medium and trace elements, such as calcium, magnesium and zinc, so that the absorption efficiency of the medium and trace elements is improved; the polyglutamic acid can condition soil, loosen the soil and keep the water of the soil, and provides a good environment for the root system of the fruit tree to absorb nutrition; the special fertilizer for the fruit trees is used in different periods of the fruit trees, and the fertilizer can be effectively absorbed and utilized by the fruit trees, so that the residual fertilizer on planting soil is reduced, the soil hardening can be prevented, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is higher; experiments prove that the fruit tree applying the special fruit tree fertilizer can increase the weight of a single fruit, the total yield and the sugar degree of the fruit.
The preparation method of the special fruit tree fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and step S110, heating and melting the nitrogen fertilizer, adding the phosphate fertilizer, and fully reacting to obtain molten slurry.
In one embodiment, the nitrogen fertilizer is melted by heating the nitrogen fertilizer to 170-180 ℃.
In one embodiment, when the nitrogen fertilizer contains urea and other nitrogen fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizers except urea are heated and melted, and then the urea and polyphosphoric acid are added.
When the nitrogen fertilizer contains urea and other nitrogen fertilizers, the other nitrogen fertilizers except urea are heated and melted, and then the urea and the phosphate fertilizer are added.
When the phosphate fertilizer contains polyphosphoric acid and other phosphate fertilizers, heating and melting the nitrogen fertilizer, adding polyphosphoric acid, fully reacting, reducing the temperature to 160-170 ℃, adding other phosphate fertilizers except polyphosphoric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain molten slurry.
In one embodiment, nitrogen fertilizers except urea are heated and melted, then urea and polyphosphoric acid are added, the temperature is reduced to 160-170 ℃ after full reaction, and other phosphate fertilizers except polyphosphoric acid are added and stirred uniformly to obtain melted slurry. Preferably, the time for sufficient reaction is 20-30 min. The stirring time is 10-15 min. It should be noted that, if the phosphate fertilizer is only polyphosphate, the other nitrogen fertilizers except urea are heated and melted, and then urea and polyphosphate are added to react sufficiently to obtain melted slurry.
In the step, the nitrogen fertilizer and polyphosphoric acid are fully polymerized to obtain ammonium polyphosphate.
And step S120, reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 150-160 ℃, adding medium trace elements, polyglutamic acid and alginate, and stirring to react to obtain a pre-product.
In one embodiment, the stirring reaction time is 10 minutes to 15 minutes
And S130, adding a potash fertilizer and auxiliary materials into the pre-product at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain the special fertilizer for the fruit trees.
In one embodiment, the potassium fertilizer and other auxiliary materials except the anti-caking agent are added into the pre-product, uniformly stirred and granulated to obtain granules, and then the anti-caking agent is attached to the surfaces of the granules.
Of course, if no auxiliary materials are contained, only the potassium fertilizer is added into the pre-product in the step and is uniformly stirred.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for the fruit trees is simple to operate, and the prepared special fertilizer for the fruit trees has good effect.
The following are specific examples.
The parts in the following examples are all parts by mass, and the contents are all mass percentages. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, other unspecified components except for inevitable impurities are not included.
Example 1
30 parts of a phosphorus nitrate compound fertilizer, 13.2 parts of a nitrophosphate fertilizer and 1.66 parts of ammonium sulfate are heated to 170 ℃ to be melted, 1.55 parts of urea and 1.72 parts of potassium polyphosphate are added, the temperature is reduced to 160 ℃ after the full reaction is carried out for 30 minutes, 2 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 11 parts of monoammonium phosphate are added, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes to obtain melted slurry. And reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 150 ℃, adding 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.22 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.22 part of borax, 0.1 part of polyglutamic acid and 0.1 part of sodium alginate, and stirring for reaction to obtain a pre-product. At 160 ℃, adding 33.78 parts of potassium sulfate, 3.88 parts of potassium chloride and 0.17 part of ferric oxide into the pre-product, uniformly stirring, and performing high tower granulation to obtain the special fertilizer for fruit trees.
Example 2
Heating 20 parts of a compound nitro-phosphorus fertilizer, 10 parts of a nitrophosphate fertilizer and 2 parts of ammonium sulfate to 180 ℃ for melting, adding 1 part of urea and 1 part of ammonium polyphosphate, fully reacting for 30 minutes, then reducing the temperature to 170 ℃, adding 3 parts of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a molten slurry. And (3) reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 160 ℃, adding 0.4 part of magnesium oxide, 0.1 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1 part of borax, 0.1 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1 part of NaCu-EDTA, 0.1 part of polyglutamic acid and 0.2 part of sodium alginate, and stirring for reaction to obtain a pre-product. At 160 ℃, adding 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of potassium chloride and 0.1 part of ferric oxide into the pre-product, uniformly stirring, granulating in a high tower, and spraying 0.1 part of coconut oil to obtain the special fertilizer for fruit trees.
Example 3
Firstly heating 25 parts of a compound nitro-phosphorus fertilizer, 5 parts of a nitrophosphate fertilizer and 1 part of ammonium sulfate to 170 ℃ for melting, then adding 1 part of urea and 1 part of ammonium polyphosphate, fully reacting for 30 minutes, then reducing the temperature to 160 ℃, adding 1 part of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1 part of monoammonium phosphate and 1 part of calcium superphosphate, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a molten slurry. And (3) reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 150 ℃, adding 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.1 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.1 part of borax, 0.1 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1 part of NaCu-EDTA, 0.1 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.1 part of polyglutamic acid and 0.2 part of sodium alginate, and stirring for reaction to obtain a pre-product. At 150 ℃, adding 40 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1 part of ferric oxide and 0.1 part of carbon black into the pre-product, uniformly stirring, granulating in a high tower, and spraying 0.1 part of talcum powder to obtain the special fruit tree fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The fertilizer of comparative example 1 was a nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer with a nitrogen content of 15%, a phosphorus content of 10% and a potassium content of 20%.
Comparative example 2
The fertilizer of comparative example 2 comprised 20% urea, 10% superphosphate and 20% potassium sulfate.
The N content in urea is 46%, the nutrient content of P in calcium superphosphate is 12%, and the nutrient content of K in potassium sulfate is 50%.
Example 4
1. Materials and methods
1.1 test overview:
the method is carried out in the white basin pearl town of Huidong county of Guangdong province, and the basic physicochemical properties of the soil are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| pH value | Organic matter (g/kg) | Total nitrogen (g/kg) | Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | Quick-acting potassium (rng/kg) |
| 5.1 | 19.35 | 0.83 | 41.5 | 63.2 |
1.2 test varieties
Emperor orange.
1.3 test time
Year 2016, 13 months to year 2016, 10 months, 25 days.
1.4 design of the experiment
A first test group, a second test group, a third test group, a first control group and a second control group are arranged, each group is three in repetition, and each group is 10 in repetition. The test group and the control group select emperor oranges with approximately same growth vigor and tree age.
The same management is adopted for a first test group, a second test group, a third test group, a first control group and a second control group, the first test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 1, the second test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 2, the third test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 3, the first control group applies the fertilizer of the comparative example 1, and the second control group applies the fertilizer of the comparative example 2.
Fertilizing the first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group at No. 10/3 month, wherein the fertilizing amount is 1 kg/plant, and the fertilizing mode is furrow application; fertilizing at No. 5/month 15 with fertilizing amount of 1.5 kg/plant, and applying in furrow; the fertilizer is applied in No. 7/month and No. 20, the fertilizing amount is 1.5 kg/plant, and the fertilizing mode is furrow application. And the other water and fertilizer management of the first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group is the same.
The emperor oranges of the first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group are harvested in 2016, 10 months and 25 days. The method is characterized in that 10 fruits are randomly selected from each tree, the fruits of 30 fruit trees in each group are respectively tested and then are subjected to average value detection, the weight and sugar degree of each single fruit of the obtained emperor orange are shown in table 2, and the total yield of 30 trees in each group is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, the single fruit weight, sugar content and total yield of the citrus emperor in the first, second and third test groups were greatly improved compared with the second control group to which the conventional fruit tree fertilizer was applied.
Example 5
1. Materials and methods
1.1 test overview:
the Guangming New zone Guangming base of Guangdong Shenzhen city, the basic physicochemical properties of the soil are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
| pH value | Organic matter (g/kg) | Total nitrogen (g/kg) | Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | Quick-acting potassium (rng/kg) |
| 4.7 | 18.9 | 0.7 | 45.8 | 72.1 |
1.2 test varieties
Glutinous rice cake litchi.
1.3 test time
25/2016 to 5/7/2016.
1.4 design of the experiment
A first test group, a second test group, a third test group, a first control group and a second control group are arranged, each group is three in repetition, and each group is 10 in repetition. The test group and the control group select litchi trees with approximately the same growth vigor and age.
The same management is adopted for a first test group, a second test group, a third test group, a first control group and a second control group, the first test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 1, the second test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 2, the third test group applies the special fruit tree fertilizer of the example 3, the first control group applies the fertilizer of the comparative example 1, and the second control group applies the fertilizer of the comparative example 2.
Fertilizing the first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group at No. 3/month and No. 5, wherein the fertilizing amount is 0.5 kg/plant, and the fertilizing mode is furrow application; fertilizing at No. 4/12 with fertilizing amount of 1.5 kg/plant, and applying in furrow; the fertilizer is applied in No. 5/month No. 22, the fertilizing amount is 1.5 kg/plant, and the fertilizing mode is furrow application. And the other water and fertilizer management of the first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group is the same.
The first test group, the second test group, the third test group, the first control group and the second control group were collected in 2016, 10 months and 25 days. Each tree randomly selects 10 fruits, the fruits of 30 fruit trees in each group are respectively tested and then averaged to be detected, the weight and sugar degree of the obtained glutinous rice cake are shown in table 4, and the total yield of 30 trees in each group is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
| Order of item | Weight of single fruit (gram) | Sugar degree | Total yield (jin/mu) | Increase the yield than the conventional method |
| First test group | 40.7 | 21.6 | 2683 | 25.8％ |
| Second test group | 41.2 | 22.3 | 2756 | 29.3％ |
| Third test group | 42.3 | 22.6 | 2798 | 31.2％ |
| First control group | 35.4 | 18.7 | 2342 | 9.8％ |
| Second control group | 27.6 | 17.5 | 2132 | - |
As can be seen from table 4, the individual fruit weight, sugar content and total yield of the wafers of the first, second and third test groups were greatly improved as compared to the second control group to which the conventional fruit tree fertilizer was applied.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The special fertilizer for the fruit trees is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the phosphate fertilizer comprises polyphosphate, and the medium trace element is at least one of calcium-containing compound, magnesium-containing compound, sulfur-containing compound, zinc-containing compound, boron-containing compound and iron-containing compound.
2. The special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphate fertilizer further comprises at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, nitro phosphate compound fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and calcium superphosphate.
3. The special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one selected from urea, a nitrophosphorus compound fertilizer, a nitrophosphate fertilizer, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate; or/and
the polyphosphate is selected from at least one of ammonium polyphosphate and potassium polyphosphate.
4. The fertilizer special for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potash fertilizer is at least one selected from potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate and potassium chloride.
5. The fertilizer special for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alginate is at least one selected from sodium alginate, ammonium alginate and potassium alginate.
6. The special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, further comprising 1-5 parts of an auxiliary material selected from at least one of lime powder, iron oxide, a forming agent and a plate preventing agent.
7. The fertilizer special for fruit trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein the forming agent is at least one selected from carbon black, clay and xanthan gum.
8. The fertilizer special for fruit trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein the anti-hardening agent is at least one selected from talcum powder and vegetable oil.
9. The special fertilizer for fruit trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise, by weight: 80 to 90 percent of lime powder, 1 to 10 percent of ferric oxide, 1 to 5 percent of forming agent and 1 to 5 percent of anti-board-hardening agent.
10. The preparation method of the special fruit tree fertilizer disclosed by claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
heating and melting a nitrogen fertilizer, adding a phosphate fertilizer, and fully reacting to obtain molten slurry;
reducing the temperature of the molten slurry to 150-160 ℃, adding medium trace elements, polyglutamic acid and alginate, and stirring for reaction to obtain a pre-product; and
adding a potash fertilizer into the pre-product at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain the special fertilizer for the fruit trees.
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| CN113412738A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-09-21 | 威海市五十一号农场股份有限公司 | Breeding method of new high-quality apple variety and fertilizer thereof |
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