CN111308155A - Coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material and testing method - Google Patents
Coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111308155A CN111308155A CN202010169679.2A CN202010169679A CN111308155A CN 111308155 A CN111308155 A CN 111308155A CN 202010169679 A CN202010169679 A CN 202010169679A CN 111308155 A CN111308155 A CN 111308155A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
- G01R33/0327—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect with application of magnetostriction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite materials, which comprises: magnetic circuit sensing system and photoelectricity test system, wherein: the magnetic circuit sensing system comprises a conducting wire, a magnetic conductive loop, a magnetostrictive composite material, a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and two permanent magnets; the photoelectric test system comprises a broadband light source, a circulator, an FBG demodulation device, a photodiode, an amplifier and an oscilloscope. In the invention, the magnetic conductive material is arranged into a ring structure from thick to thin, and the magnetostrictive composite material is arranged into a cylindrical structure, so that the concentration of magnetic flux density is realized; the magnetostrictive composite material is arranged as a sensitive element of the sensor, so that the cost of the sensor is reduced; two permanent magnets with the same magnetism and certain difference in magnetic induction intensity are assembled together, so that a direct-current bias magnetic field is provided for the sensor, and certain stress is provided for two ends of the magnetostrictive material. Compared with the traditional optical fiber current sensor, the invention reduces the cost of the sensor and improves the sensitivity of the sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to current measurement in the field of coal mines/subways, in particular to a coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on a composite material and a test method.
Background
With the rapid development of the electric power industry in China, the current sensor plays an increasingly important role in the field of electric energy metering and monitoring. However, the electromagnetic current sensor has many serious defects, and is difficult to meet the current measurement requirements of high voltage, large current and strong power in the field of coal mines/subways. Therefore, people are always looking for a new type of current sensor to meet the development requirements of on-line monitoring and fault high-precision diagnosis in the coal mine/subway field. The optical fiber current sensor has excellent anti-electromagnetic interference performance due to intrinsic insulation, and is more suitable for measuring and online monitoring of current magnitude in the field of coal mines/subways.
Since the fiber grating can only sense strain and temperature, it is completely insensitive to some other physical quantities. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology has become the sensing technology with the highest reliability and the strongest practicability in the optical sensing technology. The volume and length of the magnetostrictive material can change slightly under the action of a magnetic field. Current magnetostrictive materials are based on Terfenol-L alloy, which is expensive and fragile.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the invention provides a coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on a composite material and a testing method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a colliery/subway optic fibre current sensor based on combined material which characterized in that, including magnetic circuit sensing system and photoelectric test system, wherein: the magnetic circuit sensing system comprises a lead (1), a magnetic conductive material part (2), a magnetostrictive composite material part (3), a fiber grating (4) and two permanent magnets (5), and the photoelectric test system comprises a broadband light source (6), a circulator (7), an FBG demodulation device (8), a photodiode (9), an amplifier (10) and an oscilloscope (11);
the lead (1) is positioned at the center of the circle on the inner side of the magnetic conductive material part (2), the magnetic conductive material part (2) consists of two annular magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) which are symmetrically distributed, and the permanent magnet (5) consists of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52); the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is connected with two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), and the two permanent magnets (51) and (52) are connected with the other two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) to form a closed structure;
the fiber bragg grating (4) is adhered to the center line of the magnetostrictive composite material component (3), a port I (71) of the circulator (7) is connected with the broadband light source (6) through an optical fiber, a port II (72) of the circulator (7) is connected with the fiber bragg grating (4) through an optical fiber, a port III (73) of the circulator (7) is connected with the FBG demodulation device (8) through an optical fiber, the FBG demodulation device (8) is connected with the photodiode (9), the photodiode (9) is connected with the amplifier (10), and the amplifier (10) is connected with the oscilloscope (11).
The magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) are of the same circular ring structure with the radius uniformly changing from large to small, and the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is of a cylindrical structure; two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with large radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the permanent magnets (51) and (52) with the same magnetism, and two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with small radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the magnetostrictive composite material part (3). Its function is to reduce the cost of the sensor and to achieve a concentration of the magnetic flux density on the magnetostrictive composite material (3).
The principle of the sensor is based on the magnetostrictive effect of magnetostrictive materials, but the magnetostrictive materials are difficult to process and high in cost, so that magnetostrictive composite materials are selected to replace the magnetostrictive materials. The magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is prepared from Terfenol-D powder, epoxy resin and polyamide resin mixed according to the weight ratio of 2:1, FeNi50 soft magnetic powder and titanate, wherein: the volume fraction of the Terfenol-D powder is 61%, the volume fraction of the mixed epoxy resin and polyamide resin is 28%, the volume fraction of the FeNi50 soft magnetic powder is 3%, the volume fraction of the titanate is 8%, the mixed epoxy resin and polyamide resin have the effects of blocking and mutually bonding Terfenol-D powder particles, the titanate has the effects of enhancing the bonding force between TD powder particles and resin, improving the mechanical property of the material, reducing the viscosity of the resin and improving the dispersibility of the powder, and the FeNi50 soft magnetic powder has the effects of improving the magnetic permeability of the composite material and improving the magnetization characteristic of the material. The magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is arranged as a sensitive element and has the functions of improving the sensitivity of the sensor and reducing the cost of the sensor.
The permanent magnet (5) is composed of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52), wherein: the other two ends of the permanent magnet (51) and the other two ends of the permanent magnet (52) which have the same magnetism are placed together through assembly, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnet (51) is 0.04T, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnet (52) is 0.05T, and the magnetic induction intensity sensor has the functions of providing a direct-current bias magnetic field for the sensor and providing certain stress for the two ends of the magnetostrictive material, so that the sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
The invention also provides a test method of the coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on the composite material, which comprises the following steps:
A. the power supply supplies power to the lead (1), the lead (1) forms an annular magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic conductive material part (2) converges the magnetic field and transmits the converged magnetic field to the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), so that the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) generates strain under the excitation of the magnetic field;
B. the strain generated by the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) can cause the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) adhered to the surface of the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), and the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) causes the change of the central wavelength;
C. the output light of the broadband light source (6) enters the circulator (7) from the port I (71) through an optical fiber, is transmitted in a transmission optical path from the port I (71) to the port II (72), and is output from the port II (72); light output from the second port (72) is reflected by the fiber grating (4), then the central wavelength changes, enters the circulator (7) through the second port (72), and is output from the third port (73); the light output from the third port (73) enters the FBG demodulation device (8) through the optical fiber and is guided to the photodiode (9), and the photodiode (9) converts the optical signal into an electrical signal; amplified by an amplifier (10) and then acquired by an oscilloscope (11);
D. and the current measurement is realized by analyzing the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope (11).
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the structure designed by the invention adopts a magnetic flux density concentration technology, and the used materials are less. The sensitivity of the sensor is improved, and the cost of the sensor is greatly reduced.
2. The magnetostrictive composite material provided by the invention replaces the traditional magnetostrictive material, not only retains the magnetostrictive effect characteristic of the magnetostrictive material, but also solves the problems that the Terfenol-D (TD) alloy is fragile, expensive and difficult to form, and simultaneously improves the sensitivity of the sensor through different material proportions.
3. The two permanent magnets of the current conventional sensor are placed together at opposite ends in order to provide a dc bias field only to the magnetostrictive material. The magnetostrictive effect of magnetostrictive materials is related to the stress applied across them. Therefore, the same ends of the two permanent magnets are assembled together, the repulsion phenomenon of the magnets is utilized to apply force to the magnetic conductive materials at the two ends, and the applied force is transmitted to the two ends of the magnetostrictive material through the magnetic conductive materials. And the magnetic induction intensity of the two permanent magnets has a certain difference value, and a direct-current bias magnetic field can still be generated on the magnetostrictive material. The sensor is provided with a direct-current bias magnetic field, and certain stress is provided for two ends of the magnetostrictive material, so that the sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of a sensor system used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a conventional fiber optic current sensor based on magnetostrictive materials;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a sensor of the present design;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a lead 2, a magnetic conductive material part 3, a magnetostrictive composite material part 4, a fiber grating 5, a permanent magnet 6, a broadband light source 7, a circulator 8, an FBG demodulation device 9, a photodiode 10, an amplifier 11 and an oscilloscope.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor system for use with the present invention. The invention provides a coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite materials, which is characterized by comprising a magnetic circuit sensing system and a photoelectric testing system, wherein: the magnetic circuit sensing system comprises a lead (1), a magnetic conduction material (2), a magnetostrictive composite material part (3), a fiber bragg grating (4) and two permanent magnets (5), and the photoelectric test system comprises a broadband light source (6), a circulator (7), an FBG demodulation device (8), a photodiode (9), an amplifier (10) and an oscilloscope (11);
the lead (1) is positioned at the center of the circle on the inner side of the magnetic conductive material part (2), the magnetic conductive material part (2) consists of two annular magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) which are symmetrically distributed, and the permanent magnet (5) consists of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52); the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is connected with two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), and the two permanent magnets (51) and (52) are connected with the other two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) to form a closed structure;
the fiber bragg grating (4) is adhered to the center line of the magnetostrictive composite material component (3), a port I (71) of the circulator (7) is connected with the broadband light source (6) through an optical fiber, a port II (72) of the circulator (7) is connected with the fiber bragg grating (4) through an optical fiber, a port III (73) of the circulator (7) is connected with the FBG demodulation device (8) through an optical fiber, the FBG demodulation device (8) is connected with the photodiode (9), the photodiode (9) is connected with the amplifier (10), and the amplifier (10) is connected with the oscilloscope (11).
The magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) are of the same circular ring structure with the radius uniformly changing from large to small, and the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is of a cylindrical structure; two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with large radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the permanent magnets (51) and (52) with the same magnetism, and two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with small radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the magnetostrictive composite material part (3). The effect is to reduce the cost of the sensor and to achieve a concentration of magnetic flux density on the magnetostrictive composite part (3).
The principle of the sensor is based on the magnetostrictive effect of magnetostrictive materials, but the magnetostrictive materials are difficult to process and high in cost, so that magnetostrictive composite materials are selected to replace the magnetostrictive materials. The magnetostrictive composite material (3) is prepared from Terfenol-D powder, epoxy resin and polyamide resin which are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2:1, FeNi50 soft magnetic powder and titanate, wherein: the volume fraction of the Terfenol-D powder is 61%, the volume fraction of the mixed epoxy resin and polyamide resin is 28%, the volume fraction of the FeNi50 soft magnetic powder is 3%, the volume fraction of the titanate is 8%, the mixed epoxy resin and polyamide resin have the effects of blocking and mutually bonding Terfenol-D powder particles, the titanate has the effects of enhancing the bonding force between TD powder particles and resin, improving the mechanical property of the material, reducing the viscosity of the resin and improving the dispersibility of the powder, and the FeNi50 soft magnetic powder has the effects of improving the magnetic permeability of the composite material and improving the magnetization characteristic of the material. The magnetostrictive composite material (3) is arranged as a sensitive element and has the functions of improving the sensitivity of the sensor and reducing the cost of the sensor.
The permanent magnet (5) is composed of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52), wherein: the other two ends of the permanent magnet (51) and the other two ends of the permanent magnet (52) which have the same magnetism are placed together through assembly, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnet (51) is 0.04T, the magnetic induction intensity of the permanent magnet (52) is 0.05T, and the magnetic induction intensity sensor has the functions of providing a direct-current bias magnetic field for the sensor and providing certain stress for the two ends of the magnetostrictive material, so that the sensitivity of the sensor is improved.
The invention also provides a test method of the coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on the composite material, which comprises the following steps:
A. the power supply supplies power to the lead (1), the lead (1) forms an annular magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic conductive material part (2) converges the magnetic field and transmits the converged magnetic field to the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), so that the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) generates strain under the excitation of the magnetic field;
B. the strain generated by the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) can cause the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) adhered to the surface of the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), and the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) causes the change of the central wavelength;
C. the output light of the broadband light source (6) enters the circulator (7) from the port I (71) through an optical fiber, is transmitted in a transmission optical path from the port I (71) to the port II (72), and is output from the port II (72); light output from the second port (72) is reflected by the fiber grating (4), then the central wavelength changes, enters the circulator (7) through the second port (72), and is output from the third port (73); the light output from the third port (73) enters the FBG demodulation device (8) through the optical fiber and is guided to the photodiode (9), and the photodiode (9) converts the optical signal into an electrical signal; amplified by an amplifier (10) and then acquired by an oscilloscope (11);
D. and the current measurement is realized by analyzing the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope (11).
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the sensor designed by the invention, wherein the magnetic conductive material part (2) is composed of two annular magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) which are symmetrically distributed, and the permanent magnet (5) is composed of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52); the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is connected with two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), the two permanent magnets (51) and (52) are connected with the other two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), and the two permanent magnets are connected to form a closed structure;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a conventional fiber optic current sensor based on magnetostrictive materials, which uses less materials, has lower cost, has more concentrated magnetic flux density and higher sensitivity, compared with a conventional rectangular fiber optic current sensor and a ring fiber optic current sensor.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention; any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments, which are in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a colliery/subway optic fibre current sensor based on combined material which characterized in that, includes magnetic circuit sensing system and photoelectricity test system, wherein: the magnetic circuit sensing system comprises a lead (1), a magnetic conductive material part (2), a magnetostrictive composite material part (3), a fiber grating (4) and a permanent magnet (5), and the photoelectric test system comprises a broadband light source (6), a circulator (7), an FBG demodulation device (8), a photodiode (9), an amplifier (10) and an oscilloscope (11);
the lead (1) is positioned at the center of the circle on the inner side of the magnetic conductive material part (2), the magnetic conductive material part (2) consists of two annular magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) which are symmetrically distributed, and the permanent magnet (5) consists of a permanent magnet (51) and a permanent magnet (52); the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is connected with two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), the two permanent magnets (51) and (52) are connected with the other two ends of the two magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22), and the two permanent magnets are connected to form a closed structure;
the fiber bragg grating (4) is adhered to the center line of the magnetostrictive composite material component (3), a port I (71) of the circulator (7) is connected with the broadband light source (6) through an optical fiber, a port II (72) of the circulator (7) is connected with the fiber bragg grating (4) through an optical fiber, a port III (73) of the circulator (7) is connected with the FBG demodulation device (8) through an optical fiber, the FBG demodulation device (8) is connected with the photodiode (9), the photodiode (9) is connected with the amplifier (10), and the amplifier (10) is connected with the oscilloscope (11).
2. The coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) are identical in structure and are both circular ring structures with radius varying from large to small uniformly, said magnetostrictive composite material part (3) is cylindrical structure; two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with large radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the permanent magnets (51) and (52) with the same magnetism, and two ends of the magnetic conductive material parts (21) and (22) with small radiuses are respectively connected with two ends of the magnetostrictive composite material (3).
3. The composite-based coal mine/subway fiber optic current sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said magnetostrictive composite part (3) is prepared from Terfenol-D powder, epoxy resin and polyamide resin mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1, FeNi50 soft magnetic powder and titanate, wherein: the volume fraction of the Terfenol-D powder is 61%, the volume fraction of the mixed epoxy resin and polyamide resin is 28%, the volume fraction of the FeNi50 soft magnetic powder is 3%, and the volume fraction of the titanate is 8%.
4. A composite material based coal mine/subway fiber optic current sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein another magnetically identical ends of said permanent magnet (51) and said permanent magnet (52) are put together by assembling.
5. A test method of a coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the power supply supplies power to the lead (1), the lead (1) forms an annular magnetic field after being electrified, and the magnetic conductive material part (2) converges the magnetic field and transmits the converged magnetic field to the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), so that the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) generates strain under the excitation of the magnetic field;
B. the strain generated by the magnetostrictive composite material part (3) can cause the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) adhered to the surface of the magnetostrictive composite material part (3), and the deformation of the optical fiber grating (4) causes the change of the central wavelength;
C. the output light of the broadband light source (6) enters the circulator (7) from the port I (71) through an optical fiber, is transmitted in a transmission optical path from the port I (71) to the port II (72), and is output from the port II (72); light output from the second port (72) is reflected by the fiber grating (4), then the central wavelength changes, enters the circulator (7) through the second port (72), and is output from the third port (73); the light output from the third port (73) enters the FBG demodulation device (8) through the optical fiber and is guided to the photodiode (9), and the photodiode (9) converts the optical signal into an electrical signal; amplified by an amplifier (10) and then acquired by an oscilloscope (11);
D. and the current measurement is realized by analyzing the waveform displayed by the oscilloscope (11).
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| CN113030242A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-25 | 徐州中矿传动轨道科技有限公司 | Subway buried metal pipeline corrosion optical fiber monitoring device and method |
| CN115831529A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-21 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Gather magnetic ring and current sensor |
| WO2024082775A1 (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber current sensor system for underground spaces such as coal mines and the like and method |
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