CN102445586A - Optical fiber sensor and method for monitoring stray currents of subway - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensor and method for monitoring stray currents of subway Download PDFInfo
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- CN102445586A CN102445586A CN2011103494071A CN201110349407A CN102445586A CN 102445586 A CN102445586 A CN 102445586A CN 2011103494071 A CN2011103494071 A CN 2011103494071A CN 201110349407 A CN201110349407 A CN 201110349407A CN 102445586 A CN102445586 A CN 102445586A
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber sensor and a method for monitoring stray currents of a subway. The characteristics that the stray currents of the subway can excite magnetic fields at the middle part of a spiral metal tube and the direction of the magnetic fields is parallel to an axis in the tube are utilized; low-birefringence single mode optical fibers are used as sensing optical fibers; the sensing optical fibers are penetrated into the spiral metal tube; axes of fiber cores of the optical fibers are enabled to be parallel to the axis in the spiral metal tube; a relational expression between a rotation angle of a polarization plane of linear polarization light in the sensing optical fibers and the stray currents of the subway is established on the basis of a Faraday optical rotation effect theory; and through leading the stray currents at a backflow point of a traction substation of the subway into the optical fiber sensor to be monitored, the influence of the ambient environment of the backflow point over the measurement is reduced and the monitoring of the stray currents of the subway is realized. By adopting the optical fiber sensor and the method, the deficiency of introduction of bent birefringence, which is caused because the optical fibers are wound on a current-carrying conductor when the stray currents of the subway are measured by utilizing an optical fiber sensing technology, is avoided. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and adjustable sensitivity, and is suitable for measuring the stray currents of the subway in different environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fibre Optical Sensor and method thereof, especially a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor and the method thereof that can avoid the monitoring metro stray current of bend birefringence.
Background technology
At present; Standard half-cell potential method based on the polarized potential monitoring is the common method of monitoring metro stray current; This method realizes through bury permanent long effective reference electrode
underground at the subway construction initial stage; The disturbance situation of the corrosion condition of buried metal structure and stray current can reflect according to the potential difference (PD) between contrast electrode and the metal construction; Yet, the long-time stability of this method and the accuracy of measurement receive the environment for use, polarized potential of contrast electrode detect in
factor affecting such as serviceable life with contrast electrode are fallen.Physical strength is big because optical fiber has, light weight, anti-strong electromagnetic, the frequency response that is exceedingly fast, collect information transmission be sensed as one and easy of integration in concrete body etc. advantage; So adopt fiber-optic current sensor Study on Technology method, a kind of new thinking and solution be provided for solving the metro stray current monitoring problem.
The measuring method of fibre optic current sensor is mainly based on polarization state of light measuring method, optical wavelength modulation mensuration and interferometry; Wherein the polarization state of light measuring method is based on the theory of Faraday effect; That is: when linearly polarized light through the optical fiber that is in external magnetic field in; And when the direction of propagation of light was consistent with outer magnetic field direction, the linear polarization polarization surface will rotate.At present; Based on the fiber-optic current measuring method of Faraday effect normally: in the current sense district; Sensor fibre evenly is wound on the current, and polarized light is through behind the sensing unit, and plane of polarization will rotate a certain angle; This angle is directly proportional with size of current on the current, can realize the measurement of current value indirectly through the luminous power of measuring output polarization light.Yet this kind method can be owing to optical fiber be introduced the bend birefringence phenomenon in the bending and winding in current sense district, and the bend birefringence in the optical fiber has very big influence to the rotation effect phenomenon, in the time of seriously even flood optical rotation phenomenon fully.The method that reduces bend birefringence in the optical fiber mainly contains two kinds at present: the figure of eight twines method and square twines method; Though these two kinds of methods can effectively reduce bend birefringence, also exist deficiencies such as the fiber optic coils technique for coiling is had relatively high expectations, temperature stability is relatively poor.
For avoiding when utilizing optical fiber sensing technology monitoring metro stray current, introducing bend birefringence; The present invention utilizes electric current to excite the characteristics of uniform magnetic field at spiral metal pipe center section; With sensor fibre along axial arranged in the metal tube; Utilize Amp and Faraday effect theoretical, measure size of current indirectly through measuring the polarized light rotation angle.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point of prior art, a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor and method thereof of simple in structure, easy to use, the monitoring metro stray current that can avoid bend birefringence is provided.
Technical scheme: the Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current of the present invention; Comprise sensor housing, link to each other with the optical fiber polarizer with the ground planar laser and pass the sensor fibre of sensor housing; The sensor fibre both sides of passing sensor housing are respectively equipped with the sensor fibre bearing that is fixed on the sensor housing two side; Sensor fibre bearing on the two side is provided with the sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell that is enclosed within on the sensor fibre; Suit spiral metal pipe on the sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell, the dead in line of spiral metal tube's axis and sensor fibre, the two ends of spiral metal pipe are connected with electric current respectively and import carrier and electric current derivation carrier; Electric current import carrier and electric current derive carrier respectively through about two electrical current carriers bearings be fixed on the sensor housing, sensor housing one side is provided with the static pressure decompression hole.
Described sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell is made by Alperm; Described electric current imports carrier and electric current derivation carrier is made by a metro traction electric substation backflow structure reinforcing bars of locating; Described sensor fibre is single complete low-birefringence single mode sensor fibre.
The method of the monitoring metro stray current of sensor of the present invention: described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in metro traction electric substation backflow point place; The stray current of underground engines leakage in service imports carrier through electric current and gets into the spiral metal pipe; In the spiral metal pipe, inspire magnetic field; Deriving carrier by electric current flows out; The light of ground planar laser plays inclined to one side formation linearly polarized light through fibre optic polarizer; Linearly polarized light is through the input end a input of sensor fibre, and the linearly polarized light plane of polarization on the sensor fibre excites under the action of a magnetic field at the spiral metal pipe and rotates, and the postrotational linearly polarized light of plane of polarization is exported by the output terminal b of sensor fibre again; Angle detection device constantly receives to handle and obtains linear polarization polarization surface rotation angle
through ground, through following formula:
In the formula;
is the Verdet constant of sensor fibre;
is permeability of vacuum;
is the spiral metal pipeline circle number of turn;
is the spiral metal length of tube, and
is the operating distance of spiral metal pipe internal magnetic field and linearly polarized light; Calculate the metro stray current
of underground engines leakage in service continuously, monitor metro stray current in real time.
Beneficial effect: owing to adopted technique scheme; Utilizing the magnetic field that excites of current-carrying spiral metal pipe center section is the characteristics of parallel axes in even distribution and magnetic direction and the pipe; With the low-birefringence single-mode fiber as sensor fibre; Sensor fibre is arranged along the spiral metal tube axis direction, be wound on the deficiency of introducing bend birefringence on the current because of fibre-optical bending when having avoided utilizing optical fiber sensing technology to measure metro stray current.And it is theoretical based on Faraday effect; Set up the plane of polarization rotation angle
of linearly polarized light in the sensor fibre and the relational expression between the metro stray current; Through increasing the spiral metal pipeline circle number of turn
, spiral metal pipe magnetic field and linearly polarized light operating distance
; Or the length
of minimizing spiral metal tube; Not only can increase the plane of polarization rotation angle
of linearly polarized light in the sensor fibre; Improve the sensitivity of fibre optic current sensor, also can adapt to the current measurement of various different range under the subway environment.Monitor in the Fibre Optical Sensor through a metro traction electric substation backflow stray current of locating is imported to, reduced of the influence of backflow point surrounding environment, improved measuring accuracy measurement; The responding range of sensor is wide; It is simple in structure, compares with the conventional current mutual inductor, and iron core is substituted by sensor fibre; Effectively avoid ferroresonance and magnetically saturated problem, had practicality widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an optical fibre sensor structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure: the 1-sensor housing, 2-static pressure decompression hole, the 3-sensor fibre, 4-sensor fibre bearing, 5-sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell, 6-electrical current carriers bearing, the 7-electric current imports carrier, 8-spiral metal pipe, the 9-electric current is derived carrier.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing one embodiment of the present of invention are further described:
As shown in Figure 1; The Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current of the present invention; Mainly derive carrier 9 and constitute by sensor housing 1, static pressure decompression hole 2, sensor fibre 3, sensor fibre bearing 4, sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell 5, electrical current carriers bearing 6, electric current importing carrier 7, spiral metal pipe 8, electric current; Sensor fibre 3 passes sensor housing 1; Be provided with the sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell 5 that is enclosed within on the sensor fibre 3 in the sensor housing 1,5 connections of sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell are fixed in the sensor fibre bearing 4 on sensor housing 1 left and right sides wall respectively, suit spiral metal pipe 8 on the sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell 5; One end of spiral metal pipe 8 is connected with electric current and imports carrier 7; The other end of spiral metal pipe 8 is connected with electric current and derives carrier 9, and electric current importing carrier 7, electric current derivation carrier 9 are bearing on the sensor housing 1 through electrical current carriers bearing 6 respectively, and electric current importing carrier 7 is derived carrier 9 with electric current and is made by a metro traction electric substation backflow structure reinforcing bars of locating.One side of sensor housing 1 is provided with static pressure decompression hole 2.Described sensor fibre 3 is single complete low-birefringence single mode sensor fibre; Sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell 5 is processed by the high permeability material ferroaluminium; Varying environment around the base area railway traction electric substation backflow dot structure reinforcing bar; Set the length diameter ratio value of spiral metal pipe 8, the length diameter ratio value generally gets 11～15, and sensor fibre bearing 4 plays the effect of locating and supporting to sensor fibre 3 and spiral metal pipe 8 respectively with electrical current carriers bearing 6.
The method of monitoring metro stray current of the present invention: the Fibre Optical Sensor that will monitor metro stray current is embedded near the metro traction electric substation backflow point; The stray current that the point that refluxes is located imports carrier 7 by electric current and flows into spiral metal pipes 8; And in spiral metal pipe 8 internal excitation magnetic fields, the magnetic induction density
of center section uniform magnetic field is obtained by following formula in the spiral metal pipe:
Wherein,
is the spiral metal pipeline circle number of turn;
is the spiral metal length of tube;
is metro stray current, and
is permeability of vacuum.
In the formula;
is the Verdet constant of sensor fibre;
is permeability of vacuum;
is the spiral metal pipeline circle number of turn;
is the spiral metal length of tube, and
is the operating distance of spiral metal pipe internal magnetic field and linearly polarized light; Calculate the metro stray current
of underground engines leakage in service continuously, monitor metro stray current in real time.
Claims (5)
1. Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current; It is characterized in that: the sensor fibre (3) that it comprises sensor housing (1), links to each other with the optical fiber polarizer and pass sensor housing (1) with the ground planar laser; Sensor fibre (3) both sides of passing sensor housing (1) are respectively equipped with the sensor fibre bearing (4) that is fixed on sensor housing (1) two side; Sensor fibre bearing (4) on the two side is provided with the sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell (5) that is enclosed within on the sensor fibre (3); Sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell (5) is gone up suit spiral metal pipe (8); The dead in line of spiral metal pipe (8) axis and sensor fibre (3); The two ends of spiral metal pipe (8) are connected with electric current respectively and import carrier (7) and derive carrier (9) with electric current, electric current import carrier (7) and electric current derive carrier (9) respectively about the warp two electrical current carriers bearings (6) be fixed on the sensor housing (1), sensor housing (1) one side is provided with static pressure decompression hole (2).
2. the Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensor fibre magnetism shielding hood shell (5) is made by Alperm.
3. the Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described electric current imports carrier (7) and electric current derivation carrier (9) is made by a metro traction electric substation backflow structure reinforcing bars of locating.
4. the Fibre Optical Sensor of monitoring metro stray current according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensor fibre (3) is single complete low-birefringence single mode sensor fibre.
5. method like the monitoring metro stray current of the said sensor of above-mentioned claim; It is characterized in that: described Fibre Optical Sensor is embedded in metro traction electric substation backflow point place; The stray current of underground engines leakage in service imports carrier (7) through electric current and gets into spiral metal pipe (8); In spiral metal pipe (8), inspire magnetic field; Deriving carrier (9) by electric current flows out; The light of ground planar laser plays inclined to one side formation linearly polarized light through fibre optic polarizer; Linearly polarized light is through the input end a input of sensor fibre (3); Linearly polarized light plane of polarization on the sensor fibre (3) excites under the action of a magnetic field at spiral metal pipe (8) and rotates; The postrotational linearly polarized light of plane of polarization is again by the output terminal b of sensor fibre (3) output, and angle detection device constantly receives to handle and obtains linear polarization polarization surface rotation angle
through ground, through following formula:
In the formula;
is the Verdet constant of sensor fibre;
is permeability of vacuum;
is the spiral metal pipeline circle number of turn;
is the spiral metal length of tube, and
is the operating distance of spiral metal pipe internal magnetic field and linearly polarized light; Calculate the metro stray current
of underground engines leakage in service continuously, monitor metro stray current in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103494071A CN102445586A (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Optical fiber sensor and method for monitoring stray currents of subway |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103494071A CN102445586A (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Optical fiber sensor and method for monitoring stray currents of subway |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288540A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber sense based subway metal structure stray current corrosion monitoring method |
| CN109142908A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-04 | 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 | A kind of calculation method and system that stray electrical current influences substation grounding point current potential |
| CN111308155A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material and testing method |
| CN111327009A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-23 | 南京工程学院 | Intelligent rotary deicing robot based on multi-rotor aircraft and deicing method thereof |
| CN111913025A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-11-10 | 北京电力设备总厂有限公司 | Online current monitoring system and method for dry-type air-core reactor |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102288540A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber sense based subway metal structure stray current corrosion monitoring method |
| CN102288540B (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-08-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Optical fiber sense based subway metal structure stray current corrosion monitoring method |
| CN109142908A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-04 | 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 | A kind of calculation method and system that stray electrical current influences substation grounding point current potential |
| CN109142908B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2023-07-18 | 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 | Calculation method and system for influence of stray current on grounding point potential of transformer substation |
| CN111327009A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-23 | 南京工程学院 | Intelligent rotary deicing robot based on multi-rotor aircraft and deicing method thereof |
| CN111327009B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-12-15 | 南京工程学院 | Intelligent rotary deicing robot based on multi-rotor aircraft and deicing method thereof |
| CN111308155A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material and testing method |
| CN111308155B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-04-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal mine/subway optical fiber current sensor based on composite material and testing method |
| CN111913025A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-11-10 | 北京电力设备总厂有限公司 | Online current monitoring system and method for dry-type air-core reactor |
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Application publication date: 20120509 |