CN111303919B

CN111303919B - A apparatus for producing for improving straw biomass active carbon of soil

Info

Publication number: CN111303919B
Application number: CN202010160053.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梅丽中
Original assignee: Anhui Fuel Smart Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui fuel Smart Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-03-10
Filing date: 2020-03-10
Publication date: 2021-07-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-10
Also published as: CN111303919A

Abstract

The invention discloses a production device of straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil, which comprises a crushing device, a feeding auger and a carbonization furnace, and is characterized in that: the carbonization furnace is sequentially provided with a heat-insulating shell, an inner tube and a carbonization inner tube from outside to inside, a flue gas channel is formed in a gap between the heat-insulating shell and the inner tube, a pyrolysis gas channel is formed in a gap between the inner tube and the carbonization inner tube, the bottom of the carbonization inner tube is arranged in a conical shape, a combustion chamber is formed in the space enclosed by the bottom of the inner tube and the carbonization inner tube, a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the top of the carbonization inner tube, a smoke exhaust pipe is further arranged in the carbonization inner tube, and the smoke exhaust pipe penetrates through the carbonization inner tube from bottom to top to connect. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the heat generated by the pyrolysis gas is used for biomass carbonization without external heat; the energy consumption of intermediate transportation and granulation is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is high.

Description

A apparatus for producing for improving straw biomass active carbon of soil

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass carbonization, in particular to a production device of straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil.

Background

The use of activated carbon in modern agriculture to improve soil impoundment and fertility is a well established technique. However, the activated carbon currently used in this aspect is obtained by a conventional method, and the production process is usually to collect raw materials (especially biomass raw materials) and then to crush the raw materials into biomass particles in a factory, and then to perform a carbonization treatment. In this process, a large amount of energy is consumed for transportation. Because the requirements of the activated carbon for improving the soil on various parameters such as particle size are very low, the scheme has the advantages that through a direct scheme, the biomass waste is processed into the biomass carbon at the field by utilizing the energy of the straw, and then the biomass carbon is returned to the field to play a role in improving the soil, so that the processes of transporting and processing high energy consumption of particles and the like are omitted, and the problems of high energy consumption and low benefit in the process of straw harmless treatment are effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a production device of straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a apparatus for producing for improving straw biomass activated carbon of soil, includes breaker, material loading auger and retort, its characterized in that: the retort outside-in has set gradually the lagging casing, inner tube and carbomorphism inner bag, the clearance between lagging casing and the inner tube forms the flue gas passageway, clearance between inner tube and the carbomorphism inner bag forms the pyrolysis gas passageway, carbomorphism inner bag bottom is the toper setting, the space that closes is formed at inner tube bottom and carbomorphism inner bag enclosure, carbomorphism inner bag top sets up pyrolysis gas outlet, still be provided with the pipe of discharging fume in the carbomorphism inner bag, the pipe of discharging fume runs through the carbomorphism inner bag from bottom to top and connects combustion chamber and flue gas passageway, bottom at the lagging casing sets up the flue gas outlet, still be provided with the feeder hopper on the retort, the feeder hopper bottom is through the direct and carbomorphism inner bag.

As a further improvement of the proposal, the bottom of the carbonization inner container is provided with an air supplement port which is connected with an air compressor.

As a further improvement of the proposal, the air compressor sends air into the carbonization inner container in a pulse mode.

As a further improvement to the scheme, the lowest part of the bottom of the carbonization inner container is provided with a discharge opening, the discharge opening is connected with the carbon discharge auger through a discharge pipe, the inner side of the discharge opening is provided with a water spray nozzle, and the water spray nozzle is connected with a water pump.

As a further improvement to the scheme, a heat exchange jacket is arranged on the outer side of the carbon discharge auger, the inlet of the heat exchange jacket is connected with the air blower, and the outlet of the heat exchange jacket is communicated with the combustion chamber.

As a further improvement of the scheme, a flue gas jacket is arranged outside the feeding auger, and an inlet of the flue gas jacket is communicated with a flue gas outlet through a flue gas fan.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, a heat pipe is further arranged in the carbonization inner container, the heat pipe is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the heat pipe penetrates through the bottom of the carbonization inner container and extends into the combustion chamber.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, a spiral guide plate is arranged in the flue gas channel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages: the heat generated by the pyrolysis gas is used for biomass carbonization without external energy; the heat utilization efficiency is high; the inventive method of spraying water in the furnace reduces the carbon discharge temperature and accelerates the discharge of pyrolysis gas.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The utility model provides a apparatus for producing for improving straw biomass activated carbon of soil, includes breaker 1, material loading auger 2 and retort, its characterized in that: the carbonization furnace is sequentially provided with a heat-insulating shell 41, an inner tube 43 and a carbonization inner tube 45 from outside to inside, a flue gas channel 42 is formed in a gap between the heat-insulating shell 41 and the inner tube 43, a pyrolysis gas channel 44 is formed in a gap between the inner tube 43 and the carbonization inner tube 45, the bottom of the carbonization inner tube 45 is arranged in a conical shape, a combustion chamber 46 is formed in a space enclosed by the bottom of the inner tube 43 and the carbonization inner tube 45, a pyrolysis gas outlet 47 is arranged at the top of the carbonization inner tube 45, a smoke exhaust pipe 49 is further arranged in the carbonization inner tube 45, the smoke exhaust pipe 49 penetrates through the carbonization inner tube 45 from bottom to top to connect the combustion chamber 46 and the flue gas channel 42, a flue gas outlet 23 is arranged at the bottom of the heat-insulating shell 41, a feed hopper 3 is further arranged on.

Before use, sufficient air is introduced into the carbonization inner container 45 for combustion, so that the carbonization furnace can fully store heat. The straw is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 1 and then is conveyed into the carbonization furnace through the feeding auger 2, the fine particles are pyrolyzed in the high-temperature environment of the carbonization furnace to form biomass charcoal and pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas finally reaches the combustion chamber 46 after passing through the pyrolysis gas channel 44, and the flue gas enters the smoke exhaust pipe 49 after being ignited in the combustion chamber 46 and then is finally discharged through the flue gas channel 42. In the process, the flue gas channel 42 surrounds the outer side of the pyrolysis gas channel 44, the pyrolysis gas and the flue gas in the flue gas channel 42 can have enough heat exchange area to exchange heat and recover heat in the flue gas, the smoke exhaust pipe 49 is arranged in the carbonization inner container 45, so that the heat of the flue gas is used for heating materials in the carbonization inner container 45 as much as possible, the heat in the combustion flue gas is effectively utilized, and the heat is left in the carbonization furnace as much as possible.

An air supplement port 6 is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization inner container 45, and the air supplement port 6 is connected with an air compressor 61. In order to avoid too slow heat accumulation or less heat accumulation than heat loss in the carbonization inner container 45, more heat is released in a manner of burning part of biomass charcoal by supplementing air, so that the carbonization environment in the carbonization inner container 45 is ensured. The air compressor 61 can provide air with high flow rate, so that the material in the carbonization inner container 45 can be overturned, and the condition that the interior can not be carbonized completely due to overhigh packing density is avoided.

The air compressor 61 sends air into the carbonization inner container 45 in a pulse mode. The pulse type air supply can avoid forming an air flow channel to cause air bias flow, and form vibration type material movement, thereby being beneficial to material conveying and material distribution homogenization.

The lowest position of the bottom of the carbonization inner container 45 is provided with a discharge opening, the discharge opening is connected with a carbon discharge auger 8 through a discharge pipe, the inner side of the discharge opening is provided with a water spray nozzle 7, and the water spray nozzle 7 is connected with a water pump 71. The setting up of water spout 7 can reduce the temperature that is about to the living beings charcoal of discharging fast, avoids the high temperature to discharge back contact air direct combustion and forms the hidden danger, simultaneously through water spout 7 spun water and the hot charcoal contact back fast vaporization formation vapor, drives the pyrolysis gas in the carbomorphism inner bag 45 to combustion chamber 46, and water and charcoal can also form the water gas under high temperature in addition, provide the energy for the carbonization reaction jointly with pyrolysis gas.

The outer side of the charcoal discharging auger 8 is provided with a heat exchange jacket 81, the inlet of the heat exchange jacket 81 is connected with an air blower 82, and the outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber 46. Part of the heat of the discharged carbon particles can be further recovered by the heat exchange jacket 81.

A flue gas jacket 21 is arranged outside the feeding auger 2, and an inlet of the flue gas jacket 21 is communicated with a flue gas outlet 23 through a flue gas fan 22.

The carbonization inner container 45 is also provided with a heat pipe 5, the heat pipe 5 is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the heat pipe 5 penetrates through the bottom of the carbonization inner container 45 and extends into the combustion chamber 46. The heat pipe 5 can effectively transfer heat to the interior of the carbonization inner container 45 by absorbing heat in the combustion chamber 46, particularly heat radiation during combustion.

A spiral deflector 48 is provided in the flue gas channel 42. The spiral guide plate 48 enables the flue gas to rotate around the inner cylinder 43 to be pushed, so that the contact time of the flue gas and the inner cylinder 43 is prolonged, the heat exchange is sufficient, and the heat in the flue gas is recycled as much as possible for the carbonization reaction.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a apparatus for producing for improving straw biomass activated carbon of soil, includes breaker, material loading auger and retort, its characterized in that: the carbonization furnace is sequentially provided with a heat-insulating shell, an inner tube and a carbonization inner tube from outside to inside, a flue gas channel is formed in a gap between the heat-insulating shell and the inner tube, a pyrolysis gas channel is formed in a gap between the inner tube and the carbonization inner tube, the bottom of the carbonization inner tube is arranged in a conical shape, a combustion chamber is formed in a space enclosed by the bottom of the inner tube and the carbonization inner tube, a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the top of the carbonization inner tube, a smoke exhaust pipe is further arranged in the carbonization inner tube, the smoke exhaust pipe penetrates through the carbonization inner tube from bottom to top to connect the combustion chamber and the flue gas channel, a flue gas outlet is formed in the bottom of the heat-insulating shell, a feed hopper is further arranged on the carbonization;

an air supplement port is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization inner container and is connected with an air compressor;

the air compressor sends air into the carbonization inner container in a pulse mode.

2. The apparatus for producing straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the minimum department in carbomorphism inner bag bottom sets up the bin outlet, the bin outlet is connected with row charcoal auger through the blow off pipe the bin outlet inboard is provided with the water spout, the water spout is connected with the water pump.

3. The apparatus for producing straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the outer side of the charcoal discharging auger is provided with a heat exchange jacket, the inlet of the heat exchange jacket is connected with the air blower, and the outlet of the heat exchange jacket is communicated with the combustion chamber.

4. The apparatus for producing straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a smoke jacket is arranged outside the feeding auger, and an inlet of the smoke jacket is communicated with a smoke outlet through a smoke fan.

5. The apparatus for producing straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: still be provided with the heat pipe in the carbomorphism inner bag, the vertical setting of heat pipe, the bottom of heat pipe runs through carbomorphism inner bag bottom and stretches into in the combustion chamber.

6. The apparatus for producing straw biomass activated carbon for improving soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a spiral guide plate is arranged in the flue gas channel.