CN110240913A - A kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace and its carbonizing method - Google Patents
A kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace and its carbonizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110240913A CN110240913A CN201910474556.7A CN201910474556A CN110240913A CN 110240913 A CN110240913 A CN 110240913A CN 201910474556 A CN201910474556 A CN 201910474556A CN 110240913 A CN110240913 A CN 110240913A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace and its carbonizing methods, flue is provided in furnace tube, combustion chamber is provided between furnace outer wall and furnace tube inner wall, combustion chamber bottom is provided with burner, gas inlet pipe is provided with outside the furnace tube, bell is provided with above flue, agitating device is provided in flue, the bell top surface is provided with the first motor for driving agitating device to rotate, the furnace tube is provided through in flue bottom sidewall goes out charcoal pipe, and charging flood dragon and flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System are provided with above bell；Nitrogen is passed through into flue, agricultural crop straw feed particles are added in flue by feeding flood dragon, fuel gas is passed through by gas inlet pipe, and it is burnt in combustion chamber by burner, reaction generates biomass carbon fuel and exports from charcoal pipe out, and the charcoal processing furnace and carbonizing method can burn the heat source for generating thermal current as charcoal processing furnace, and heat source is recycled, the dependence to combustion gas is reduced, fuel cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace and its carbonizing method.
Background technique
Agricultural crop straw is a kind of excellent biomass energy, at present more than 2,900,000,000 tons of the every annual output agricultural crop straw in the whole world,
China can produce stalk up to 700,000,000 tons or more every year, wherein by taking rice husk as an example, about 200,000,000 tons of the every annual output paddy in China is equivalent to rice husk
40000000 tons, 30% of Gross World Product or more is accounted for, is ranked first in the world.In the past due to the Land use systems to agricultural crop straw
It is few, it is typically stacked in the fields directly burning, is not only wasted, but also pollutes environment.
Agricultural crop straw is a kind of organic matter, it is made of flammable matter, inanimate matter and water, mainly contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and few
The nitrogen of amount, there are also the elements such as a small amount of sulphur.Carrying out charing process charcoal processing to agricultural crop straw is to make full use of these agriculture wastes
Effective way one of of the object as biomass material.Agricultural crop straw is placed in retort, smoldering under conditions of anoxic, i.e.,
Product fuel gas, wood tar and the pyroligneous liquor of machine-made carbon and its pyrolysis can be obtained.
Current straw charring equipment is usually to allow stalk to be under hot environment to be carbonized, using closed cooking stove
Formula needs to close carbonization chamber after primary charging and is carbonized, discharges, can not continue working, charcoal processing again after the completion of charing
Efficiency is relatively low；Secondly in discharging and again in fill process, thermal loss is larger, less economical, furthermore in carbonization process by
In the environment that stalk is in a relative closure, the imflammable gas that Straw decomposing generates can not be utilized, and cause significant wastage,
Resource in carbonization process, which is not carried out, to be maximally utilized.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace and its carbonizing methods, to solve to provide in carbonization process
The low problem of source utilization rate.
In view of the above problems, present invention provide the technical scheme that
A kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace, including grate and the furnace tube being fixedly mounted on inside grate, in the furnace tube
It is provided with flue, the flue top open part is provided with the rotary table extended to border, and the rotary table lid conjunction is opened at the top of furnace tube
On mouth end face, and combustion chamber is provided between the furnace outer wall and furnace tube inner wall, the combustion chamber bottom is provided with combustion
Burner, the furnace tube are provided with gas inlet pipe outside, and the gas inlet pipe passes through the furnace tube and is connected with the burner
It connects, is additionally provided with air blower outside the furnace tube, blowing line is connected on the air blower, the blowing line puts in furnace tube bottom
Portion is simultaneously connected to the combustion chamber, and bell is provided with above the flue, and the bell, rotary table and furnace tube are connected by bolt
It connecing, agitating device is provided in the flue, the bell top surface is provided with the first motor for driving agitating device to rotate,
The agitating device includes agitating shaft, and several stirring rods are uniformly distinguished on the agitating shaft, and the top of the agitating shaft passes through institute
It states bell top surface and is rotatablely connected with the output shaft of the first motor, the stirring the tip of the axis extends to flue bottom, institute
The charcoal pipe out for being provided through the furnace tube in flue bottom sidewall is stated, is provided with charging on the grate at the upper side of the bell
Flood dragon, the charging flood dragon includes feed pipe, and the feed pipe passes through bell and is connected to the flue, and the bell top surface is also
Be located at nitrogen inlet duct, described nitrogen inlet duct one end is connect with nitrogen gas tank, the other end pass through bell bottom surface and with flue phase
It is connected to, is provided with flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System above the bell on the grate of the other side, described flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System one end is logical
The combustible gas escape pipe crossed above bell is connected to the flue, and the other end is connected by combustible gas circulation pipe with burner.
In order to preferably realize the present invention, further, the charging flood dragon further includes feeding warehouse, the second motor, flood dragon
One end bottom of pipe, flood dragon bar, the flood dragon pipe connects the feed pipe, and the other end is connected with the second motor, the flood dragon pipe
It is inside provided with flood dragon bar, the flood dragon bar and second motor are rotatablely connected, and are connected with feeding warehouse in the middle part of the flood dragon pipe.
In order to preferably realize the present invention, further, the flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System includes deduster, condenser, net
Change device, the inlet end of the deduster connects the combustible gas escape pipe, and outlet side connects condenser, the clarifier into
Gas end connects the outlet side of the condenser, and the outlet side of the clarifier is connected with combustible gas circulation pipe.
Preferably, the furnace tube outer wall is equipped with insulating layer.
Preferably, the heat-exchanging water tank lower part is equipped with water inlet, top the invention also includes several heat-exchanging water tanks
Equipped with water outlet, heat exchanger tube is provided in the heat-exchanging water tank, the heat exchanger tube is in vertical U-shaped setting in heat-exchanging water tank,
It is surrounded in heat-exchanging water tank, described heat exchanger tube one end is connected by the outlet flue that furnace tube top opens up with combustion chamber, another
It holds and is connected with the smoke outlet being located at outside heat-exchanging water tank.
The present invention also provides a kind of crop straw carbonizing methods, including are passed through into flue nitrogen and make in furnace for anaerobic
Or after low-oxygen environment, agricultural crop straw feed particles are added in flue by feeding flood dragon, are passed through by gas inlet pipe
Fuel gas, and burnt in combustion chamber by burner, the stalk in furnace is sufficiently stirred in starting agitating device, hot gas
Stream is transmitted in furnace from flue bottom, and countercurrent reaction region is formed in furnace；Control flue bottom reaction temperature be 220~
300 DEG C, furnace pressure is 1020~1300mbar, and the charcoal pipe out that reaction generates biomass carbon fuel from flue bottom sidewall is defeated
Out.
The low-oxygen environment refers to oxygen volumn concentration lower than 10%.
The fuel gas generated in flue is discharged from furnace upper part of the cover combustible gas escape pipe, and the fuel gas successively passes through
Flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System is dusted, condenses, after purified treatment, is conveyed to burner via combustible gas circulation pipe, and as combustion
The heat source for generating thermal current as charcoal processing furnace is burnt, recycling for energy is realized.
The dedusting is dusted using cyclone dust collectors, the solids such as the carbon particle of removal fuel gas carrying and dust
The phenomenon that impurity reduces the content of solid impurity in the gas for entering condenser, not only avoids condenser internal incrustation, is reduced
The content of solid impurity, improves the quality of condensable product in condensed fluid；Meanwhile by the gas fuel burning of dedusting
When, the phenomenon that gas burning is uneven, efficiency of combustion is not high or even detonation is avoided, the hot stream temperature into retort is made
Controllably, the stability of system operation is improved；
The condensation is that cooling water is added using condenser to be condensed, and the temperature of gas is 50~60 DEG C before condensing, cold
The temperature of gas is 42~52 DEG C after solidifying, and condensation products therefrom main component is vinegar liquid；
The purification is that adsorption cleaning is carried out using clarifier, removal condenser fail processing, carried out by air-flow
Droplet further purifies fuel gas, improves the efficiency and uniformity of subsequent combustion, further increases into system
The stability of controllability and the system operation of the hot stream temperature of charcoal furnace.
A certain amount of air can be passed through into combustion chamber by air blower, so that it is strong to control the indoor burning of combustion chamber
Degree, to control the pyrolysis reaction temperature of flue bottom.
The agricultural crop straw feed particles are prepared by following methods: by crops stalk crushing to partial size < 3mm,
By compression moulding to partial size < 15mm to get, heap 0.25~0.40g/cm3 of density of gained agricultural crop straw feed particles, institute
State moisture content < 20% of agricultural crop straw feed particles.
In this method, residence time of the material in flue is 1~6h.
Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Crop straw carbonizing furnace according to the present invention can generate fuel gas, fuel gas during charcoal processing
After treatment, can burn the heat source for generating thermal current as charcoal processing furnace, heat source is recycled, reduce to combustion gas according to
Rely, fuel cost is effectively reduced；Water is heated using burner exhaust heat simultaneously, hot water is used for the purposes such as heating, improves energy
Source utilization rate reduces disposal of pollutants.
The crop straw carbonizing method being related to of the invention, makees carrier gas with nitrogen, starts to be passed through nitrogen guarantee retort
Interior is anaerobic or low-oxygen environment, and then agricultural crop straw feed particles are delivered in flue；Initially utilize combustible gas air inlet pipe
Gas raw material is provided into charcoal processing furnace, and provides pyrolysis charring reaction by burner combustion for flue and heat is provided；Crops
Stalk particle stirring up and down, thermal current in flue rise to top from flue bottom, and the two directly contacts, in Vertical Square
Upruss is mobile and forms sustained response region.The pyrolysis reaction temperature for controlling flue bottom is 220~300 DEG C, furnace internal pressure
Power is 1020~1300mbar (absolute pressure), maintains temperature gradient in flue, temperature gradually rises from top to bottom, makes stalk in furnace
Dry, pre- pyrolysis, pyrolysis and carbonization stage are inside successively realized in motion process from top to bottom, to generate biomass carbon in furnace bottom
Fuel goes out the output of charcoal pipe from flue bottom sidewall, realizes the preparation of biomass carbon fuel；In this method, feed particles with
Thermal current directly contacts, and efficiency of heating- utilization is high；Carbonization temperature low energy yield is high；Gained biomass carbon energy density is high, can make
For fuel use, the purposes of product is expanded, has provided new approach for the recycling of agricultural crop straw.
In this method, agricultural crop straw feed particles are entered in flue with certain rate, drop to bottom from flue top
It during portion, dries out dried first, feed particles continue to decline, and gradually pass through the higher region of temperature, at this time biomass
Pyrolytic reaction occurs, releases the gases such as CO, CO2 and light component organic matter, the biomass carbon fuel that pyrolysis is completed to obtain is with one
The fixed charcoal rate that goes out continuously exports at flue bottom, realizes the continuous production of biomass carbon fuel.
Further, the fuel gas generated in pyrolytic process is discharged, successively through dedusting, condensation, purification from bell top
Afterwards, it is conveyed to burner via combustible gas circulation pipe, and generates heat source of the thermal current as charcoal processing furnace as burning, realize energy
Amount recycles, and can maintain the continuous production of charcoal processing furnace.
During charcoal processing, water can be heated by combustion chamber indoor burner exhaust heat, obtain hot water for supplying
Warm or other uses, improve energy utilization rate, reduce disposal of pollutants.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can
It is clearer and more comprehensible, the followings are specific embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is charcoal processing furnace stereoscopic schematic diagram provided in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is charcoal processing furnace floor map provided in the embodiment of the present invention；
Description of symbols:
1- grate, 2- furnace tube, 3- flue, 4- rotary table, 5- combustion chamber, 6- burner, 7- gas inlet pipe, 8- air blast
Machine, 9- blowing line, 10- bell, 11- agitating device, 111- agitating shaft, 112- stirring rod, 12- first motor, 13- go out charcoal
Pipe, 14- feed flood dragon, 141- feed pipe, 142- feed bin, the second motor of 143-, 144- flood dragon pipe, 145- flood dragon bar, 15- nitrogen
Air inlet pipe, 16- is flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System, 161- deduster, 162- condenser, 163- clarifier, 17- combustible gas escape pipe, 18-
Combustible gas circulation pipe, 19- insulating layer, 20- heat-exchanging water tank, 21- outlet flue, 201- water inlet, 202- water outlet, 203- heat exchange
Pipe, 204- smoke outlet.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnaces, including grate 1 and the furnace being fixedly mounted on inside grate 1
Cylinder 2, flue 3 is provided in the furnace tube 2, and 3 top open part of flue is provided with the rotary table 4 extended to border, the circle
The lid of platform 4, which is closed, is provided with combustion chamber 5, institute on 2 top opening end face of furnace tube, and between 2 inner wall of 3 outer wall of the flue and furnace tube
It states 5 bottom of combustion chamber and is provided with burner 6, be provided with gas inlet pipe 7 outside the furnace tube 2, the gas inlet pipe 7 passes through
The furnace tube 2 is simultaneously connected with the burner 6, and gas inlet pipe 7 provides gas for connecting flammable gas tank, to burner 6
Raw material, these gas raw materials can be natural gas, coal gas, any one in liquefied petroleum gas, are additionally provided with outside the furnace tube 2
Air blower 8, is connected with blowing line 9 on the air blower 8, the blowing line 9 put in 2 bottom of furnace tube and with the combustion chamber
Room 5 is connected to, and for blasting a certain amount of air or oxygen into combustion chamber 5, to adjust the quantity combusted of burner 6, control adds
Hot temperature is provided with bell 10 above the flue 3, and the bell 10, rotary table 4 and furnace tube 2 are bolted, and use spiral shell
It tethers and connects easy to disassemble, be provided with agitating device 11 in the flue 3,10 top surface of bell is provided with for driving stirring dress
Set the first motor 12 of 11 rotations, the agitating device 11 includes agitating shaft 111, uniformly several respectively on the agitating shaft 111
Stirring rod 112, the top of the agitating shaft 111 pass through 10 top surface of bell and rotate with the output shaft of the first motor 12
Connection, the end of the agitating shaft 111 extend to 3 bottom of flue, and agitating device 11 is used for the stalk particle entered in flue 3
It being stirred, guarantees its heated charing uniformly, the furnace tube 2 is provided through in 3 bottom sidewall of flue goes out charcoal pipe 13,
Carbonizing the biomass carbon fuel completed can then be exported by going out charcoal pipe 13, be provided on the grate 1 of 10 upper side of bell
Flood dragon 14 is fed, the charging flood dragon 14 includes feed pipe 141, and the feed pipe 141 passes through bell 10 and connects with the flue 3
Logical, charging flood dragon 14 further includes feeding warehouse 142, the second motor 143, flood dragon pipe 144, flood dragon bar 145, the flood dragon pipe 144
One end bottom connects the feed pipe 141, and the other end is connected with the second motor 143, is provided with flood dragon bar in the flood dragon pipe 144
145, the flood dragon bar 145 is rotatablely connected with second motor 143, and the middle part of the flood dragon pipe 144 is connected with feeding warehouse
142, charging flood dragon 14 for controlling the rate that stalk enters in flue 3,10 top surface of bell be also located at nitrogen into
Tracheae 15, described 15 one end of nitrogen inlet duct are connect with nitrogen gas tank, and the other end passes through 10 bottom surface of bell and is connected with flue 3,
Nitrogen inlet duct 15 guarantees to be anaerobic or low-oxygen environment, the furnace in retort for injecting a certain amount of nitrogen into flue 3
Flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System 16 is provided on the grate of the 10 top other side of lid, the flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System 16 includes deduster
161, condenser 162, clarifier 163, the inlet end of the deduster 161 by the combustible gas escape pipe 17 of 10 top of bell with
The flue 3 is connected to, the outlet side connection condenser 162 of deduster 161, described in the inlet end connection of the clarifier 163
The outlet side of condenser 162, the outlet side of the clarifier 163 are connected with combustible gas circulation pipe 18, combustible gas circulation pipe 18 with
Burner 6 is connected.Fuel gas is successively dusted by flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System, condenses, after purified treatment, via combustible gas
Circulation pipe 18 is conveyed to burner 6, and generates heat source of the thermal current as charcoal processing furnace as burning, realizes the circulation benefit of energy
With.
In embodiments of the present invention, 2 outer wall of furnace tube is equipped with insulating layer 19, prevents combustion chamber during charcoal processing indoor
Heat is lost by 2 outer wall of furnace tube, influences charcoal processing quality.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the invention also includes several heat-exchanging water tanks 20, under the heat-exchanging water tank 20
Portion is equipped with water inlet 201, and top is equipped with water outlet 202, is filled the water from water inlet 201 into heat-exchanging water tank 20, will by water outlet 202
Hot water discharge.Heat exchanger tube 203 is provided in the heat-exchanging water tank 20, the heat exchanger tube 203 is in vertical U in heat-exchanging water tank 20
Type setting, is surrounded in heat-exchanging water tank 20, the outlet flue 21 and burn that described 203 one end of heat exchanger tube is opened up by 2 top of furnace tube
Chamber 5 is connected, and the other end is connected with the smoke outlet 204 being located at outside heat-exchanging water tank 20.Heat exchanger tube 203 is in heat-exchanging water tank 20
In vertical U-shaped setting, it is surrounded in heat-exchanging water tank.Purpose is to increase the contact area of heat exchanger tube 203 and water, raising flue gas heat
The utilization rate of amount.
The present invention provides a kind of crop straw carbonizing method on the basis of crop straw carbonizing furnace, specifically:
Embodiment one: being passed through nitrogen into flue 3 by nitrogen inlet duct, make in flue 3 for anaerobic (nitrogen used it is pure
99%) or low-oxygen environment (oxygen volumn concentration be lower than 10%) agricultural crop straw feed particles are added to by degree not less than
It feeds in the feeding warehouse 142 on flood dragon 14, is rotated by 143 rotate driving flood dragon bar 145 of the second motor, enter stalk particle
To after flood dragon pipe 144, under the rotation of flood dragon bar 145, is entered in flue by feed pipe 141, rotated by first motor 12
It drives agitating shaft 111 to rotate, to drive stirring rod 112 to be stirred the stalk in flue 3, keeps the stalk in flue former
Material is sufficiently mixed, and gas raw material is initially provided into charcoal processing furnace using gas inlet pipe 7, and is flue 3 by the burning of burner 6
Pyrolysis charring reaction is provided, heat is provided, thermal current is transmitted in furnace from 3 bottom of flue, forms countercurrent reaction region in furnace；
The reaction temperature for controlling 3 bottom of flue is 220 DEG C, furnace pressure 1020mbar, and residence time of the material in furnace is 3h, charcoal
Biomass carbon fuel after changing reaction is exported from the charcoal pipe 13 that goes out in 3 bottom sidewall of flue, and the fuel gas generated in furnace is from furnace
The combustible gas escape pipe 17 of 10 top of lid is discharged.
In specific embodiment, the agricultural crop straw feed particles are prepared by following methods: by agricultural crop straw
It is crushed to partial size < 3mm, by compression moulding to partial size < 15mm to get the heap density of gained agricultural crop straw feed particles
0.25~0.40g/cm3, moisture content < 20% of the agricultural crop straw feed particles.
Maintain temperature gradient in flue, temperature gradually rises from top to bottom, is moved through stalk from top to bottom in furnace
Dry, pre- pyrolysis, pyrolysis and carbonization stage are successively realized in journey, so that biomass carbon fuel is generated in furnace bottom, from flue bottom
Go out the output of charcoal pipe on side wall, realizes the preparation of biomass carbon fuel.
Gas raw material is initially provided into charcoal processing furnace using combustible gas air inlet pipe, and is burnt by burner 6 and mentioned for flue
Heat is provided for pyrolysis carbonization reaction, the fuel gas generated in subsequent furnace is successively removed by flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System 16
After dirt, condensation, purified treatment, it is conveyed to burner via combustible gas circulation pipe 18, and generate thermal current as system as burning
The heat source of charcoal furnace realizes recycling for energy.In burner combustion, can be led into combustion chamber 5 by air blower 8
Enter combustion-supporting gas (air), to control the pyrolysis reaction temperature of 3 bottom of flue.
After fuel gas enters flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System 16, dedusting is dusted using cyclone dust collectors 161, is removed
The solid impurities such as the carbon particle of fuel gas carrying and dust, reduce the content of solid impurity in the gas for entering condenser 162,
The phenomenon that not only avoiding 162 internal incrustation of condenser reduces the content of solid impurity in condensed fluid, improves condensation and produces
The quality of product；Meanwhile when gas fuel burning by dedusting, avoid that gas burning is uneven, efficiency of combustion is not high, even
The phenomenon that detonation, keeps the hot stream temperature into retort controllable, improves the stability of system operation；
Condensation is that cooling water is added using condenser 162 to be condensed, and the temperature of gas is 50~60 DEG C before condensing, condensation
The temperature of gas is 42~52 DEG C afterwards, and condensation products therefrom main component is vinegar liquid；
In purification process is that adsorption cleaning is carried out using clarifier 163, removal condenser fail processing, taken by air-flow
The droplet taken out of further purifies fuel gas, improves the efficiency and uniformity of subsequent combustion, further increases
The stability run into the controllability and system of the hot stream temperature of charcoal processing furnace.
During charcoal processing, the flue gas generated in combustion chamber 5 is also used as the energy of water heating, specifically are as follows: combustion
Burn the heat exchanger tube that the flue gas in chamber 5 with heat discharge heat-exchanging water tank 20 by the outlet flue 204 that 2 top of furnace tube opens up
In, at this point, full of the water for heat supply in heat-exchanging water tank 20, when flue gas passes through heat exchanger tube 203, heat transfer in flue gas to
In the water that heat exchanger tube 203 contacts, water is heated, after water temperature reaches heating demand temperature, water outlet of the hot water from heat-exchanging water tank
Mouth 202 is discharged, and supplies heat supply user.Flue gas in heat exchanger tube 203 is discharged by the smoke outlet 204 outside heat-exchanging water tank 20.
The difference of embodiment two provided by the invention and embodiment one is: the reaction temperature of control flue bottom is 300
DEG C, furnace pressure 1300mbar, residence time of the material in furnace is 6h, other are consistent with embodiment.
The difference of embodiment three provided by the invention and embodiment one is: the reaction temperature of control flue bottom is 260
DEG C, furnace pressure 1150mbar, residence time of the material in furnace is 5h, other are consistent with embodiment.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace is set in the furnace tube including grate and the furnace tube being fixedly mounted on inside grate
It is equipped with flue, it is characterised in that: the flue top open part is provided with the rotary table extended to border, and the rotary table lid is closed in furnace
On cylinder top opening end face, and combustion chamber is provided between the furnace outer wall and furnace tube inner wall, the combustion chamber bottom
Be provided with burner, be provided with gas inlet pipe outside the furnace tube, the gas inlet pipe pass through the furnace tube and with the combustion
Burner is connected, and is additionally provided with air blower outside the furnace tube, blowing line is connected on the air blower, the blowing line is stretched
It is connected into furnace tube bottom and with the combustion chamber, bell is provided with above the flue, the bell, rotary table and furnace tube are logical
It crosses and is bolted, agitating device is provided in the flue, the bell top surface is provided with for driving agitating device to rotate
First motor, the agitating device include agitating shaft, and several stirring rods, the top of the agitating shaft are uniformly distinguished on the agitating shaft
End is rotatablely connected across the bell top surface and with the output shaft of the first motor, and the stirring the tip of the axis extends to flue
Bottom, the furnace tube is provided through in the flue bottom sidewall goes out charcoal pipe, sets on the grate at the upper side of the bell
It is equipped with charging flood dragon, the charging flood dragon includes feed pipe, and the feed pipe passes through bell and is connected to the flue, the furnace
Hd top face has also been located at nitrogen inlet duct, and described nitrogen inlet duct one end is connect with nitrogen gas tank, and the other end passes through bell bottom surface simultaneously
It is connected with flue, is provided with flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System, the flammable gas disposal dress above the bell on the grate of the other side
It sets one end to be connected to by the combustible gas escape pipe above bell with the flue, the other end passes through combustible gas circulation pipe and burner
It is connected.
2. a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the charging flood dragon further include into
Feed bin, the second motor, flood dragon pipe, flood dragon bar, one end bottom of the flood dragon pipe connect the feed pipe, and the other end is connected with the
Two motors are provided with flood dragon bar in the flood dragon pipe, and the flood dragon bar and second motor are rotatablely connected, the flood dragon pipe
Middle part is connected with feeding warehouse.
3. a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System packet
Deduster, condenser, clarifier are included, the inlet end of the deduster connects the combustible gas escape pipe, outlet side connection condensation
Device, the inlet end of the clarifier connect the outlet side of the condenser, and the outlet side of the clarifier is connected with combustible gas
Circulation pipe.
4. a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the furnace tube outer wall is equipped with heat preservation
Layer.
5. a kind of crop straw carbonizing furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the invention also includes several to change
Boiler, the heat-exchanging water tank lower part are equipped with water inlet, and top is equipped with water outlet, is provided with heat exchanger tube in the heat-exchanging water tank,
The heat exchanger tube, in vertical U-shaped setting, is surrounded in heat-exchanging water tank, described heat exchanger tube one end passes through furnace tube in heat-exchanging water tank
The outlet flue that top opens up is connected with combustion chamber, and the other end is connected with the smoke outlet being located at outside heat-exchanging water tank.
6. a kind of crop straw carbonizing method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps that be passed through nitrogen into flue and make and be in furnace
After anaerobic or low-oxygen environment, agricultural crop straw feed particles are added in flue by feeding flood dragon, pass through gas inlet pipe
It is passed through fuel gas, and is burnt in combustion chamber by burner, the stalk in furnace is sufficiently stirred in starting agitating device,
Thermal current is transmitted in furnace from flue bottom, and countercurrent reaction region is formed in furnace, and the reaction temperature of control flue bottom is 220
~300 DEG C, furnace pressure is 1020~1300mbar, and residence time of the material in flue is 1~6h, and reaction generates biomass
Charcoal fuel goes out the output of charcoal pipe from flue bottom sidewall.
7. a kind of crop straw carbonizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: what is generated in the flue can
Combustion gas body is discharged from furnace upper part of the cover combustible gas escape pipe, and the fuel gas is successively removed by flammable Flash Gas Compression Skid System
After dirt, condensation, purified treatment, it is conveyed to burner via combustible gas circulation pipe, and generate thermal current as charcoal processing as burning
The heat source of furnace.
8. a kind of crop straw carbonizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The dedusting is dusted using cyclone dust collectors, and the solids such as the carbon particle of removal fuel gas carrying and dust are miscellaneous
Matter reduces the content of solid impurity in the gas for entering condenser；
The condensation is that cooling water is added using condenser to be condensed, and the temperature of gas is 50~60 DEG C, after condensation before condensing
The temperature of gas is 42~52 DEG C, and condensation products therefrom main component is vinegar liquid；
The purification is that adsorption cleaning is carried out using clarifier, small liquid that removal condenser fails processing, being carried out by air-flow
Drop, further purifies fuel gas.
9. a kind of crop straw carbonizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: by air blower to combustion chamber
Interior is passed through a certain amount of air, so that the indoor combustion intensity of combustion chamber is controlled, to control the pyrolytic reaction of flue bottom
Temperature.
10. a kind of crop straw carbonizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the agricultural crop straw is former
Expect that particle is prepared by following methods: by crops stalk crushing to partial size < 3mm, by compression moulding to partial size < 15mm,
To obtain the final product, 0.25~0.40g/cm3 of heap density of gained agricultural crop straw feed particles, the agricultural crop straw feed particles contain
Water rate < 20%.
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