CN104861993B - Tower-type continuous carbonization furnace for biomass - Google Patents
Tower-type continuous carbonization furnace for biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN104861993B CN104861993B CN201510146517.6A CN201510146517A CN104861993B CN 104861993 B CN104861993 B CN 104861993B CN 201510146517 A CN201510146517 A CN 201510146517A CN 104861993 B CN104861993 B CN 104861993B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a tower-type continuous carbonization furnace for biomass. The tower-type continuous carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body and a mounting base; the inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with, from top to bottom, a drying chamber, a carbonization chamber, a high temperature chamber and a cooling chamber, wherein adjacent chambers are separated by a movable grate; the sidewall of the high temperature chamber is provided with a combustion chamber, the sidewall of the furnace body is provided with a nozzle equipped with a first gas inlet and a second gas inlet, the head of the nozzle extends into the combustion chamber, and the second gas inlet is connected with an induced draught fan equipped with a combustor; a feed hopper is connected with the inner cavity of the furnace body through a feeding control unit, and a discharge hopper equipped with a cindervalve is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; and a gas channel communicated with the drying chamber is arranged on the top of the furnace body and is communicated with a gas purifying and cooling system, an outlet of the gas purifying and cooling system is communicated with the second gas inlet in the nozzle and the through hole in the discharge hopper through a conveyer pipeline, and a first blower fan is arranged on the conveyer pipeline. The tower-type continuous carbonization furnace provided by the invention has the following advantages: capacity of realizing continuous production, low energy consumption, high biochar yield and good and stably biochar quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass carbonization stove, more particularly to a kind of tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace.
Background technology
China is charcoal big producer, and annual char yield is up to ten million ton, with the fast development of national economy, charcoal
Demand also rise year by year.Meanwhile, China or agricultural production big country, the biomass castoff such as annual agricultural crop straw are about
7000000000 tons or so, but its utilization rate is only 20%, and the biomass castoff such as branch, sawdust, rice husk also has more than one hundred million tons by wave in vain
Expense is fallen.These biomass castoffs effectively can be converted into biomass carbonization product by biomass carbonization technology --- fuel gas
It is charcoal with charcoal, the demand to natural timber can be thus substantially reduced, so as to effectively protect forest resourceies.It is biological
Matter carbonization is exactly to utilize thermal chemical reaction principle, former as biomass using biomass castoffs such as wood chip, agricultural crop straw, shells
Expect to prepare green recyclable fuel.In carbonisation, unnecessary moisture and volatile matter content is removed in biomass material, biological
Cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin in matter raw material etc. are partially exploded, and are finally completed charcoal gas coproduction and obtain biomass carbonization product
Thing.
Conventional biomass carbonization device is kiln and the half industrial carbonization kettle, the makeup of both biomass carbons of being carbonized by hand at present
To put need all the time in the course of the work and provide heat energy to carry out biomass material high temperature cabonization by extraneous, be carbonized the heat time
10 days or so are at least needed, carbonization time is long, low yield, high energy consumption, and the degree of dusty gas is produced in carbonisation
More it is more than the degree of produced dusty gas of directly burning biomass material, severe contamination environment.In addition, above-mentioned two
Kind of biomass carbonization device is intermittent handwork, it is impossible to realize continuous production, and yield is not high, and carburizing temperature without
Method is accurately controlled, and the dependence to technical staff's operating experience is stronger, and the biomass carbonization product assay for obtaining is also unstable, product
Matter is poor.
A kind of carbonization of biomass is disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application of Application No. 200510056829.4 gentle
Change and TRT, the carbonizing chamber in the device uses high-temperature flue gas indirect heating manner, need to keep being carbonized in carbonisation
600 DEG C of temperature, energy consumption is big；The charcoal yield obtained by taking China fir piece as an example in this application is only 13% or so, and yield is undesirable.And
And the occupation area of equipment is big, contain tar ingredients in the gas for discharging, the environment around severe contamination.Application No.
A kind of carbide furnace of intermittently operated is disclosed in 201110419809.4 Chinese invention patent application, biomass material is by height
Warm anaerobism pyrolysis obtains biological carbon.But the device can only intermittently operated, it is impossible to realize continuous production, and in the course of the work
All the time outside offer thermal source is needed, observable index is larger and yield is only 16% or so, and yield is undesirable.
The content of the invention
The technical problem of solution is needed for of the invention：There is provided one kind can realize continuous production, can substantially reduce energy consumption and energy
In-furnace temperature is controlled well so as to obtain stablizing the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace of high-quality, the charcoal of high yield.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：Described tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, bag
Include：Mounting seat and the body of heater with inner chamber, body of heater are installed in mounting seat, body of heater inner chamber be disposed with from top to bottom hothouse,
Carbonizing chamber, four chambers of hot room and cooling chamber, hothouse are connected with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater, cooling chamber and bottom of furnace body
Discharging opening be connected, each adjacent chamber is separated by movable grate respectively；It is provided with the wall of hot room side and supplies fuel gas
The combustion chamber of burning, fuel gas can be entered into hot room in the high-temperature flue gas that combustion chamber Indoor Combustion is produced, in body of heater
It is provided with the nozzle with the first air inlet, the second air inlet on the wall of side, the nozzle head of nozzle is through stretching after the through hole of sidewall of the furnace body
Enter in combustion chamber, the second air inlet is connected with the air-introduced machine with burner, the air inducing function with burner provides combustion-supporting gas
Make fuel gas combustion with meagre oxygen in combustion chamber；Feed hopper is connected by feed control device with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater
Connect, the dump skip being connected with the discharging opening of bottom of furnace body, discharging opening and the unloading valve phase of dump skip are provided with bottom of furnace body
Connection；The gas passage being connected with hothouse is provided with the top of body of heater, gas outlet and the gas purification of gas passage are cooled down
The air inlet of system is connected, the gas outlet of gas purification cooling system by transfer pipeline respectively with the first air inlet of nozzle
And the through hole on dump skip is connected, the first blower fan is additionally provided with transfer pipeline, under the driving of the first blower fan, from gas
Fuel gas after purification, the cooling of the gas outlet output for purifying cooling system is transported to combustion chamber respectively by transfer pipeline
In room and cooling chamber.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, described feed control device is by the first charging
Valve, transition hopper and the second inlet valve composition, the discharging opening of feed hopper pass sequentially through the first inlet valve, transition hopper and second and enter
Material valve is connected with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater, and the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve are not simultaneously in unlatching shape during work
State.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, described gas passage is with an air inlet
Mouthful, the passage of two gas outlets, the air inlet of gas passage is connected with hothouse, one of gas outlet of gas passage and
The air inlet of gas purification cooling system is connected, and another gas outlet of gas passage is sealed by rupture pressure disc and covered.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, described gas purification cooling system includes coal
Gas wash tower and drop catcher, the gas outlet of gas passage are connected with scrubber and drop catcher successively by connecting line,
The gas outlet of drop catcher is connected with the air inlet of transfer pipeline.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, set on the dump skip side wall above unloading valve
It is equipped with the anti-blocking passage communicated with inside dump skip；Atomizer dress is provided with the mounting seat of unloading valve discharge outlet
Put, atomization spray nozzle device can lower the temperature to the biological carbon exported from unloading valve.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, bottom of furnace body is provided with sealed chamber, it is close
Be sealed in dump skip in sealed chamber by envelope chamber, and the through hole on dump skip is communicated with sealed chamber, the discharging opening of dump skip from
Sealed chamber bottom is stretched out outside sealed chamber, and in sealed chamber side, wall is provided with the joint communicated with sealed chamber, transfer pipeline
It is connected with joint, the fuel gas after the purification, the cooling that are exported from the gas outlet of gas purification cooling system passes through delivery pipe
Enter in cooling chamber after through hole on road, joint, sealed chamber and dump skip.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, the through hole on dump skip is by some aperture structures
Into each aperture is uniformly distributed in dump skip side wall hypomere.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, the structure of described movable grate is：Including：
Some spaced resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod, each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod two ends are supported in body of heater inner chamber by bearing block respectively
In, each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod is driven by a motor respectively, each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring under the driving of each motor
Rod is rotated with same rotational speed in same direction.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, in hothouse, carbonizing chamber, hot room and cooling
Thermocouple, peephole and manhole are respectively provided with the chamber sidewall of room four.
Further, foregoing tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, wherein, feed system is provided with the outside of body of heater, it is raw
Raw material of substance can be delivered in feed hopper by feed system；Unloading valve exit is provided with discharge system, it is defeated from unloading valve
The biological carbon for going out can be exported by discharge system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：（1）The apparatus structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, only starts initial rank in carbide furnace
Section needs to provide heat energy by outside, after carbide furnace normal work high temperature cabonization produces fuel gas, the heat energy needed for carbide furnace
Need not then be provided by the external world, energy consumption is low, and the capacity usage ratio in carbonisation is high；And arranged without waste gas in carbonisation
Put；（2）Shape to biomass material is unfettered, can be to various shapes in carbonisation --- such as strip, compressing grains
The biomass material of the shapes such as shape, compressed rod realizes continuous production, and the compatibility to biomass material is big, substantially increases production
Efficiency；（3）Reverse direct heat transfer mode is used in carbonisation, heat transfer efficiency is high, and biomass material can be within a short period of time
Carbonization, substantially increases carbonation rate, from drying, carbonization to cooling overall process in material lagging in carbide furnace when
Between generally 10 hours or so；（4）Can well control what the temperature and material in body of heater inner chamber were detained in body of heater inner chamber
Time, it is ensured that the material in body of heater inner chamber is heated evenly, it is carbonized and cools down fully, it is to avoid burning, half-cooked phenomenon occur, so that
To high-quality, the biological carbon of stable performance.Biological carbon yield reaches 25%-30%, the fixed carbon content in biological carbon reach 85% with
On, volatile matter is less than 5%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace after support frame is removed in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing of part A in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of part B in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation in the left view direction of body of heater in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view in C-C directions in Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiment is described in further detail to technical solutions according to the invention.
As shown in figure 1, tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace of the present invention, including：Mounting seat 15 and the stove with inner chamber
Body 5, body of heater 5 is installed in mounting seat 15, and in the present embodiment, the internal diameter of body of heater 5 is 1 with the height ratio of body of heater 5:10-1:15.
The support frame 1 of support body of heater 5 also is set in the periphery of body of heater 5 in actual use, interval sets from bottom to up on support frame 1
Some platforms 11 are equipped with, being additionally provided with support frame 1 can reach the ladder 12 of any platform 11.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, body of heater inner chamber is disposed with hothouse 51, carbonizing chamber 52, the and of hot room 53 from top to bottom
54 4 chambers of cooling chamber, in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, in hothouse 51, carbonizing chamber 52, hot room 53 and cooling chamber 54
Thermocouple 58, peephole 57 and manhole 55 are respectively provided with four chambers, each thermocouple 58 can respectively monitor each chamber
Indoor temperature such that it is able to more accurately control the temperature in each chamber；The setting of each peephole 57 can be operated conveniently
Person observes the situation of each chamber, and the setting of each manhole 55 can facilitate maintenance person to overhaul carbide furnace.Described drying
Room 51 is connected with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater 5, and cooling chamber 54 is connected with the discharging opening of the bottom of body of heater 5, each adjacent chamber point
Tong Guo not movable grate separation.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, Figure 5 and Figure 6, the structure of described movable grate is：Including：
Some spaced resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56, the two ends of each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56 are supported by bearing block 561 respectively
In body of heater inner chamber, each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56 is driven by a motor 44 respectively, in the driving of each motor 44
Under each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56 in same direction with same rotational speed rotate.By controlling each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56 during work
Rotating speed can well control the speed of the materials downward in body of heater inner chamber, make material be heated and cool down it is more uniform,
Dry, carbonization, cooling are more abundant.In actual use, the quantity of stirring rod 56 can be according to the volume of biomass material
Depending on size, when each stirring rod 56 is rotated with same rotational speed in same direction, biomass material can be between each stirring rod 56
Gap it is smooth, uniformly drop；The present embodiment with each the movable grate in body of heater inner chamber there are spaced three to be stirred
Mix and illustrate as a example by rod 56.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the combustion chamber for gas fuel burning is provided with the side wall of hot room 53, in stove
The nozzle 9 with the first air inlet 91 and the second air inlet 92 is provided with body sidewall, the nozzle head 93 of nozzle 9 passes through sidewall of the furnace body
Through hole after stretch into combustion chamber, nozzle 9 is tightly connected with the through hole of sidewall of the furnace body, the second air inlet 92 with burner
Air-introduced machine 42 is connected, and the air-introduced machine 42 with burner can make from the flammable of the ejection of nozzle 9 to provide combustion-supporting gas in combustion chamber
Gas combustion with meagre oxygen in combustion chamber, the high-temperature flue gas for producing that burn are entered into hot room 53, and upward by hot room 53
Flowing, high-temperature flue gas during flowing up with the direct reverse heat-exchange of material for dropping downwards, make biomass material quick
Carbonization.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, feed hopper 61 is connected by feed control device with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater 5, is fed
Control device can prevent the gas in body of heater inner chamber from being leaked out from feed hopper 61, in the present embodiment, described charging control dress
Put and be made up of the first inlet valve 71, the inlet valve 72 of transition hopper 62 and second, the discharging opening of feed hopper 61 passes sequentially through first and enters
Material valve 71, the inlet valve 72 of transition hopper 62 and second are connected with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater 5, the He of the first inlet valve 71 during work
Second inlet valve 72 is not simultaneously in opening, so prevent from gas in body of heater inner chamber through the second inlet valve 72,
First inlet valve 71 is to outward leakage；Adjusted by controlling the open frequency of the first inlet valve 71 and the second inlet valve 72 during work
Save the inlet amount of biomass material.The dump skip 63 being connected with the discharging opening of the bottom of body of heater 5 is provided with the bottom of body of heater 5,
The discharging opening of dump skip 63 is connected with unloading valve 73.In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, on the platform 11 at the top of support frame 1
Feed system 13 is provided with, biomass material is delivered in feed hopper 61 by feed system 13.In actual use may be used
To select to constitute a complete feed system by conveyer belt conveyer, buffering material feeding box and spiral feed conveyer, by passing
Send band conveyer, buffering material feeding box and spiral feed conveyer that biomass material is delivered in feed hopper 61.In the present embodiment,
As shown in figure 1, being provided with discharge system 14 in the exit of unloading valve 73, the biological carbon from the output of unloading valve 73 can be by discharging system
System 14 is exported outside carbide furnace.Discharge system 14 can use the spiral discharging conveyer of adjustable rotating speed, spiral discharging conveyer
Output end is connected with biological carbon holding vessel, and life is transported to by spiral discharging conveyer from the biological carbon of the output of unloading valve 73
In thing Carbon stock tank.In actual use, going out for biological carbon can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of spiral discharging conveyer
Doses, by adjusting the rotating speed and the first inlet valve 71 of resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56, the second inlet valve 72 and unloading valve 73
Open frequency being capable of the translational speed of material and reaction holdup time in precise control furnace chamber, it is ensured that the stay in grade of biological carbon can
Control, so as to obtain the biological carbon of high yield, high-quality, stable performance.In actual use, can also be set outside carbide furnace
Control device is put, the rotating speed of spiral discharging conveyer, the rotating speed of resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod 56 and the are controlled by control device
The open frequency of one inlet valve 71, the second inlet valve 72 and unloading valve 73, realizes automated production, further improves production effect
Rate.
As shown in figure 5, being provided be connected with inside dump skip anti-blocking on the dump skip side wall of the top of unloading valve 73
Passage 632, when biological carbon overstock in the dump skip 63 and cannot by 73 smooth discharging of unloading valve when, by rod from anti-blocking passage
632 are stretched into dump skip 63, and the biological carbon overstock in dump skip 63 is smash into pine, enable biological carbon successfully defeated from unloading valve 73
Go out outside carbide furnace.Atomization spray nozzle device 8, atomization spray nozzle device 8 are provided with the mounting seat 15 of the discharge outlet of unloading valve 73
The biological carbon exported from the discharging opening of unloading valve 73 can again be lowered the temperature, it is to avoid the biological carbon and air contact of output occur
And the phenomenon for aoxidizing.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 5, the gas passage 55 being connected with hothouse 51 is additionally provided with the top of body of heater 5, this
In embodiment, described gas passage 55 is the passage with an air inlet, two gas outlets, the air inlet of gas passage 55
Top with hothouse 51 is connected, and one of gas outlet of gas passage 55 is connected with gas purification cooling system, gas
Another gas outlet of body passage 55 seals covering by rupture pressure disc 551, and rupture pressure disc 551 can protect carbide furnace, prevent in body of heater
The gas pressure in chamber is excessive and causes potential safety hazard.Gas purification cooling system described in the present embodiment includes：Gas washing
Tower 21 and drop catcher 22, one of gas outlet of gas passage 55 are connected by the first connecting line 31 with scrubber 21
Connect, scrubber 21 is connected by the second connecting line 32 with drop catcher 22, the gas outlet of drop catcher 22 passes through delivery pipe
Road 33 is connected with the through hole on first air inlet 91 and dump skip 63 of nozzle 9 respectively, is additionally provided with transfer pipeline 33
First blower fan 41, under the driving of the first blower fan 41, the fuel gas after the purification, the cooling that are exported from the gas outlet of drop catcher 22
It is transported to respectively in the first air inlet 91 and dump skip 63 by transfer pipeline 33.Described scrubber 21 is a kind of gas
Body purification apparatus, for being devoked to the mixed gas exported from body of heater inner chamber, dedusting and cooling down operation；Described catches
Drop device 22 is a kind of equipment for separating contained water smoke composition in gas, for removing the mixed gas from the output of scrubber 21
In moisture, scrubber 21 and drop catcher 22 belong to ripe technology, both can be directly commercially available.
In actual use, first gas output end 331, second gas output end 332 and the 3rd are provided with transfer pipeline 33
Gas output end 333, first gas output end 331 is connected with the first air inlet 91 of nozzle 9, second gas output end 332
It is connected with cooling chamber 54 by the through hole on dump skip 63, third gas output end 333 is connected with gas collection tank 10.
Branched bottom, branched bottom and the phase of the second air-introduced machine 43 are also communicated with the transfer pipeline 33 of second gas output end 332
Connection, the starting stage started in carbide furnace are, it is necessary to the first placement incendivity thing in body of heater inner chamber, produce are burnt by burn combustible
Raw high-temperature flue gas body of heater inner chamber temperature is increased until the biomass material high temperature cabonization generation entered in body of heater inner chamber is flammable
Gas, the second air-introduced machine 43 starts in the starting stage that carbide furnace starts, and biomass material high temperature cabonization can be promoted to produce flammable
Gas, after carbide furnace normally produces fuel gas by close the second air-introduced machine 43, thereafter the heat in stove needed for carbonization by
There is provided after the part gas fuel burning produced during biomass carbonization.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 5, the lower section of body of heater 5 is provided with sealed chamber 50, sealed chamber 50 is by dump skip 63
It is sealed in sealed chamber 50, the through hole on dump skip 63 is communicated with sealed chamber 50, the discharging opening of dump skip 63 is from annular seal space
The bottom of room 50 is stretched out outside sealed chamber 50, and anti-blocking passage 632 is stretched out outside sealed chamber 50 from the side wall of sealed chamber 50, in carbide furnace
During normal work, anti-blocking passage 632 is closed.The joint communicated with sealed chamber 50 is provided with the side wall of sealed chamber 50, is conveyed
The second gas output end 332 of pipeline 33 is connected with joint, the combustible gas from after the cooling of the output of second gas output end 332
Body enters in cooling chamber 54 after the through hole on joint, sealed chamber 50 and dump skip 63, and cooling treatment is carried out to biological carbon.This
In embodiment, the through hole on dump skip 63 is some apertures 631 for being uniformly distributed in dump skip hypomere side wall, into sealed chamber
Fuel gas in 50 can from each aperture 631 into cooling chamber 54 in and flow up and inversely direct with the biological carbon for falling
Heat exchange, the setting of each aperture 631 enables the fuel gas after cooling more to uniformly enter in cooling chamber 54, so that cold
But the high-temperature biological charcoal cooling in room 54 is uniform, abundant.
Biomass material can select various biomass waste materials such as wood chip, shell, stalk, and the length of biomass material is typically controlled
System within 50 ㎜, thickness control is within 10 ㎜, moisture control within 30%, the shape of biomass material can be with
It is bulk, strip, Compressing grains shape, compresses the various shapes such as bar-shaped.
Above-mentioned carbide furnace, gas purification cooling system can form a gas circulation and utilize loop, and carbide furnace is in and opens
During the dynamic starting stage, the high-temperature flue gas that the fuel gas that high temperature cabonization is produced is produced with combustion chamber are entered by gas passage
Gas purification cooling system is devoked, dedusting, cooling, separate moisture after obtain cold clean fuel gas, cold is flammable
A gas part is transported to combustion chamber Indoor Combustion and produces high-temperature flue gas by first gas output end 331, nozzle 9, cold
A fuel gas part is entered by the through hole on second gas output end 332, dump skip 63 from the bottom of cooling chamber 54, Ran Houyu
Thermal current is formed after the reverse direct heat transfer of high-temperature biological carbon in cooling chamber 54, thermal current is flowed up from hot room 53 and cooling
The gap of movable grate enters in hot room 53 between room 54, is flowed up into the thermal current in hot room 53 and high-temperature flue gas
The gap of movable grate enters in carbonizing chamber 52 between carbonizing chamber 52 and hot room 53, for material carbonization provides heat energy, material
Fuel gas that high temperature cabonization is produced, high-temperature flue gas and thermal current form mixing thermal current, and mixing thermal current is flowed up from dry
The gap of movable grate enters in hothouse 51 between dry room 51 and carbonizing chamber 52, and the biomass material in hothouse is done
Dry treatment, is then entered in gas purification cooling system, purified, cooling treatment by the gas passage 55 at the top of hothouse 51
Obtain cold clean fuel gas, heat energy and cold airflow that cold fuel gas again can be for needed for carbide furnace provides carbonization.
In gas circulation utilizes loop, each aperture 631, each movable grate on dump skip 63 can make the air-flow for flowing from bottom to top equal
It is even to be distributed in body of heater inner chamber, so as to ensure that the material in body of heater inner chamber is heated and cools down uniform, abundant.
The course of work of carbide furnace is as follows：During charging, first close the second inlet valve 72, the first inlet valve 71 is opened, it is raw
Raw material of substance is entered in transition hopper 62 by feed system 13, feed hopper 61, the first inlet valve 71；Then the first inlet valve is made
71 are closed, and the second inlet valve 72 is opened, and the biomass material in transition hopper 62 is passed through the second inlet valve 72, body of heater charging aperture
Fall into hothouse 51, fall into the endogenous substance raw material of hothouse 51 and be dried with the reverse direct heat transfer of mixing thermal current for rising
Pretreatment.The biomass material fallen into hothouse 51 is deposited on the movable grate between hothouse 51 and carbonizing chamber 52, and
As the rotation of stirring rod 56 equably drops downward into carbonizing chamber 52 from the gap between each stirring rod 56, carbonizing chamber is dropped downward into
52 material carries out high temperature cabonization with the reverse direct heat transfer of mixing thermal current for rising.Charcoal after carbonization is deposited in carbonizing chamber
On movable grate between 52 and hot room 53, and as the rotation of stirring rod 56 is equably from the gap between each stirring rod 56
In drop downward into hot room 53, drop downward into the biological carbon of hot room 53 complete in the presence of the high-temperature flue gas and thermal current for rising
Full carbonization.The sufficient biological carbon that is carbonized is deposited on the movable grate between hot room 53 and cooling chamber 54, and with stirring rod
Drop downward into cooling chamber 54 in 56 rotation gap equably between each stirring rod 56, the high-temperature biological carbon for dropping downwards with
The reverse direct heat transfer of cold airflow of rising, lowers the temperature to biological carbon, its temperature is down to less than 100 DEG C.Biology after cooling
Coke build-up is exported in dump skip 63 and from unloading valve 73, and atomization spray nozzle device 8 can enter to the biological carbon exported from unloading valve 73
Row reducing temperature twice, it is to avoid the phenomenon for biological carbon and air contact occur and burning.With biomass material inlet amount in the present embodiment
To be illustrated as a example by 1000 kg/h, the biological carbon for obtaining is 250-300kg/h, and biological carbon yield is about 25%-30%, charcoal
Calorific value be about 5500-6300 kilocalories/kilogram, combustible gas gas production 310kg/h, fuel gas calorific value is about 2500-3000kcal/
Nm3, system thermal efficiency is up to 80%.
It is an advantage of the invention that：（1）The apparatus structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, and only starting the starting stage in carbide furnace need to
Heat energy is provided by outside, after carbide furnace normal work high temperature cabonization produces fuel gas, the heat energy needed for carbide furnace is then not
Need to be provided by the external world, energy consumption is low, and the capacity usage ratio in carbonisation is high；And in carbonisation non-exhaust emission；（2）
Shape to biomass material is unfettered, can be to various shapes in carbonisation --- such as strip, Compressing grains shape, compression
The biomass material of the shapes such as rod realizes continuous production, and the compatibility to biomass material is big, substantially increases production efficiency；
（3）Reverse direct heat transfer mode is used in carbonisation, heat transfer efficiency is high, biomass material can complete carbon within a short period of time
Change, substantially increase carbonation rate, time of the material lagging in carbide furnace is general from drying, the overall process of carbonization to cooling
It is 10 hours or so；（4）The time that the temperature and material in body of heater inner chamber are detained in body of heater inner chamber can be well controlled, is protected
Material in card body of heater inner chamber is heated evenly, and is carbonized and cools down fully, it is to avoid burning, half-cooked phenomenon occurs, so as to obtain Gao Pin
Matter, the biological carbon of stable performance.Biological carbon yield reaches 25%-30%, and the fixed carbon content in biological carbon reaches more than 85%, waves
Hair point is less than 5%.
Claims (10)
1. tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace, including：Mounting seat and the body of heater with inner chamber, body of heater are installed in mounting seat, and it is special
Levy and be：Body of heater inner chamber is disposed with hothouse, carbonizing chamber, four chambers of hot room and cooling chamber, hothouse from top to bottom
It is connected with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater, cooling chamber is connected with the discharging opening of bottom of furnace body, each adjacent chamber is respectively by living
Dynamic grate separates；The combustion chamber for gas fuel burning is provided with the wall of hot room side, fuel gas is in combustion chamber
The high-temperature flue gas for producing that burn can be entered into hot room, and the first air inlet of band, the second air inlet are provided with sidewall of the furnace body
Nozzle, the nozzle head of nozzle through stretching into combustion chamber after the through hole of sidewall of the furnace body, the second air inlet with burner
Air-introduced machine is connected, and the air inducing function with burner provides combustion-supporting gas makes fuel gas combustion with meagre oxygen in combustion chamber；Charging
Bucket is connected by feed control device with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater, and bottom of furnace body is provided with the discharging opening with bottom of furnace body
The dump skip being connected, the discharging opening of dump skip is connected with unloading valve；It is provided with what is be connected with hothouse at the top of body of heater
Gas passage, the gas outlet of gas passage is connected with the air inlet of gas purification cooling system, gas purification cooling system
Gas outlet is connected by the through hole on transfer pipeline the first air inlet and dump skip respectively with nozzle, on transfer pipeline also
The first blower fan is provided with, under the driving of the first blower fan, after the purification, the cooling that are exported from the gas outlet of gas purification cooling system
Fuel gas be transported in combustion chamber and cooling chamber respectively by transfer pipeline.
2. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described feed control device by
First inlet valve, transition hopper and the second inlet valve composition, the discharging opening of feed hopper pass sequentially through the first inlet valve, transition hopper
It is connected with the second inlet valve with the charging aperture at the top of body of heater, the first inlet valve and the second inlet valve are not simultaneously in during work
Opening.
3. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described gas passage is
Passage with an air inlet, two gas outlets, the air inlet of gas passage is connected with hothouse, and gas passage is wherein
One gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of gas purification cooling system, and another gas outlet of gas passage is close by rupture pressure disc
Envelope covering.
4. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described gas purification cooling system
System includes scrubber and drop catcher, the gas outlet of gas passage pass through connecting line successively with scrubber and drop catcher
It is connected, the gas outlet of drop catcher is connected with the air inlet of transfer pipeline.
5. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dump skip above unloading valve
The anti-blocking passage communicated with inside dump skip is provided with the wall of side；Atomization is provided with the mounting seat of unloading valve discharge outlet
Ejecting device, atomization spray nozzle device can lower the temperature to the biological carbon exported from unloading valve.
6. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bottom of furnace body is provided with sealing
Be sealed in dump skip in sealed chamber by chamber, sealed chamber, the through hole on dump skip is communicated with sealed chamber, and dump skip goes out
Material mouth is stretched out outside sealed chamber from sealed chamber bottom, and in sealed chamber side, wall is provided with the joint communicated with sealed chamber, defeated
Pipeline is sent to be connected with joint, the fuel gas after the purification, the cooling that are exported from the gas outlet of gas purification cooling system passes through
Enter in cooling chamber after through hole on transfer pipeline, joint, sealed chamber and dump skip.
7. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Through hole on dump skip is by some
Aperture is constituted, and each aperture is uniformly distributed in dump skip side wall hypomere.
8. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1,2,4,5 or 6, it is characterised in that：Described activity
The structure of grate is：Including：Some spaced resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod, each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod two ends pass through axle respectively
Bearing is supported in body of heater inner chamber, and each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod is driven by a motor respectively, in the drive of each motor
Each resistant to elevated temperatures stirring rod is rotated with same rotational speed in same direction under dynamic.
9. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In hothouse, carbonizing chamber, high temperature
Thermocouple, peephole and manhole are respectively provided with four chamber sidewalls in room and cooling chamber.
10. according to the tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace described in claim 1,2,4,5,6 or 9, it is characterised in that：Outside body of heater
Side is provided with feed system, and biomass material can be delivered in feed hopper by feed system；It is provided with unloading valve exit
Discharge system, can be exported from the biological carbon of unloading valve output by discharge system.
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| CN201510146517.6A CN104861993B (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Tower-type continuous carbonization furnace for biomass |
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| CN201510146517.6A CN104861993B (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Tower-type continuous carbonization furnace for biomass |
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| CN104861993B true CN104861993B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105969415B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2018-10-09 | 张家港市天源机械制造有限公司 | Continuous biomass charcoal gas combined production device |
| CN108230077A (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 北京嘀嘀无限科技发展有限公司 | The reservation vehicle display methods and device of mobile network appliance |
| CN110713839A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-21 | 宁波蓝乾设备制造有限公司 | Vertical biomass pyrolysis carbonization furnace |
| CN111518581B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2021-04-02 | 新疆元瑞圣湖能源有限公司 | Vertical multi-pipe sectional air guide type external heating pulverized coal dry distillation method and device |
| CN117550607B (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-03-22 | 山东昊瑞环保科技有限公司 | Activated carbon preparation method and equipment |
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| CN202530040U (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-11-14 | 郑州凯乐生物能有限公司 | Continuous biomass dry-distillation carbonization apparatus |
| CN104017590B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-04-27 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of agricultural-forestry biomass continuous pyrolysis charing method |
| CN204689938U (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-10-07 | 张家港天源生物能源科技有限公司 | Tower biological matter continuous carbonization furnace |
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Effective date of registration: 20170907 Address after: 215628 Nanfeng village, Nanfeng Town, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Patentee after: ZHANGJIAGANG TIANYUAN MACHINERY MANUFACTURER CO., LTD. Address before: Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215828 Zhangjiagang City South Development Zone Nanfeng No. 3 Zhangjiagang Tianyuan Bio Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee before: ZHANGJIAGANG TOWARDS BIOENERGY SOLUTION CO., LTD. |