CN111295101A - 口服甜味剂组合物和方法 - Google Patents
口服甜味剂组合物和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111295101A CN111295101A CN201880049491.5A CN201880049491A CN111295101A CN 111295101 A CN111295101 A CN 111295101A CN 201880049491 A CN201880049491 A CN 201880049491A CN 111295101 A CN111295101 A CN 111295101A
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- oral dosage
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- miraculin
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Abstract
披露了一种一次性使用的口服剂型(例如,速溶条)以及使用此类口服剂型使可食用组合物甜味化的方法。还提供了制造一次性使用的口服剂型的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2017年6月27日提交的美国临时专利申请号62/525,579的优先权,所述申请的内容通过援引以其全文并入。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种一次性使用的口服剂型(例如,速溶条)以及使用此类口服剂型使可食用组合物甜味化的方法。本发明还涉及用于制造此类口服剂型的方法。
背景技术
糖(蔗糖)在传统上被用来使可食用产品甜味化并且许多消费者喜欢它的味道。然而,糖是有卡路里的,并且许多消费者更喜欢在继续食用他们喜欢的可食用产品的同时减少他们的总卡路里摄取。
高强度甜味剂具有比糖的甜度水平高许多倍的甜度水平。因此,可以使用比糖少的量的高强度甜味剂以提供相同水平的甜度。合成和天然高强度甜味剂均是已知的并且通常用于作为无卡路里或低卡路里销售的甜味化的可食用产品,诸如膳食饮料(dietbeverage)。
尽管人体需要碳水化合物以正常运作(即,约130克),但是许多人食用的碳水化合物比需要的碳水化合物多得多,这通常来自非营养性来源,并且蛋白质的食用不成比例。
仍然需要提供进一步降低可食用产品的碳水化合物含量、同时提供相同程度的消费者所喜欢的甜度的组合物和方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了适合用于使可食用组合物甜味化的一次性使用的口服剂型以及其使用和制造方法。
有利的是,本发明的口服剂型与常规用高强度甜味剂甜味化的饮料相比允许总碳水化合物摄取减少,同时提供等效或更高甜度强度。在一个具体实施例中,与常规甜味化的可食用产品相比,所述口服剂型在减小的浓度的碳水化合物下提供约5至约10白利糖度的甜度。在一个实施例中,碳水化合物的浓度减小约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%或约30%或更多。
在第一方面中,本发明提供了一种一次性使用的口服剂型,其包含神秘果素和二氢查耳酮衍生物,其中所述口服剂型在少于60秒内充分溶解。
在一个实施例中,所述神秘果素是纯化的。在另一个实施例中,所述神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的。在又一个实施例中,所述神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的。在一个具体实施例中,所述神秘果粉末中神秘果素的量为从约0.01重量%至约1重量%、或更具体地为约0.05重量%。
在一个实施例中,所述口服剂型进一步包含至少一种高强度甜味剂、至少一种甜度增强剂或其组合。在一个具体实施例中,所述高强度甜味剂是天然的。天然高强度甜味剂的纯度可以变化。在一个实施例中,所述天然高强度甜味剂具有从约80%至约100%、或更具体地约90%至约100%、以及甚至更具体地约95%或更大的纯度。在一个示例性实施例中,所述天然高强度甜味剂是莱鲍迪苷M、并且更具体地是高纯度莱鲍迪苷M。在另一个实施例中,所述高强度甜味剂是合成的。在一个示例性实施例中,所述合成高强度甜味剂是阿斯巴甜。
在另一个实施例中,所述口服剂型进一步包含一种或多种赋形剂。在一个具体实施例中,所述赋形剂选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:膨胀剂、乳化剂、润滑剂、风味剂和甜味剂、产气崩解剂或超级崩解剂。在另一个实施例中,所述赋形剂选自水溶性聚合物、增塑剂和唾液诱导剂。
在一个示例性实施例中,所述口服剂型是速溶、一次性使用的口服剂型,其包含神秘果素、二氢查耳酮衍生物和选自莱鲍迪苷M或阿斯巴甜的至少一种高强度甜味剂,并且其中所述速溶、一次性使用的口服剂型是膜或片剂。
在一个实施例中,神秘果素与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是从约5:1至约200:1、或更具体地从约20:1至约40:1。在示例性实施例中,神秘果素与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是从约5:1至约100:1、从约10:1至约60:1或约15:1至约40:1。
在另一个实施例中,所述神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是从约2000:1至约5:1、或更具体地约5001:1至约10:1、从约200:1至约20:1、或更具体地从约150:1至约50:1、或约100:1至约20:1。
在一个具体实施例中,所述神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是约500:1或更小、或更具体地约400:1、约350:1、约300:1、约250:1、约200:1、约150:1、约100:1、约50:1或约25:1。
在一个具体实施例中,所述神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是约10:1或更小、或更具体地约5:1、约4:1、约3:1或约2.1。
在又另一个实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的,并且神秘果果肉与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约15000:1至约50:1、例如像从约5000:1至约100:1或从约2000:1至约500:1。
在一个具体实施例中,所述神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的,并且神秘果果肉与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约200:1或更小、或更具体地约150:1、约100:1、约75:1或约50:1。
在一个具体实施例中,所述二氢查耳酮化合物选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:橙皮素二氢查耳酮、根皮素、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮及其组合。
在第二方面中,本发明提供了一种用于增强可食用产品的甜度的方法,其包括在食用所述可食用产品之前食用本文所披露的口服剂型。
在食用口服剂型与可使用产品之间的时间间隔可以变化。在一个实施例中,时间间隔少于约3分钟、或更具体地少于约1分钟。
在一个具体实施例中,所述可食用产品进一步包含一种或多种甜味剂、甜度增强剂或其组合。
在一个具体实施例中,与常规用高强度甜味剂甜味化的可食用产品相比,所述口服剂型在减小的浓度的碳水化合物下提供约5至约10白利糖度的甜度。在一个实施例中,碳水化合物的浓度减小约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%或约30%或更多。
在一个具体实施例中,所述可食用产品是饮料或饮料产品(例如,饮料糖浆)。
在一个示例性实施例中,所述可食用产品是降低卡路里或无卡路里饮料。
在第四实施例中,本发明提供了一种制作本文所披露的口服剂型的方法。
在一个具体实施例中,所述口服剂型是通过选自下组的方法制成的速溶片剂,该组由以下各项组成:冷冻干燥(冻干)、片剂成型、喷雾干燥、升华、直接压制或纳米化。
在另一个具体实施例中,所述口服剂型是通过选自下组的方法制成的速溶条,该组由以下各项组成:溶剂浇铸、热熔挤出、半溶剂浇铸、固体分散体挤出和轧制。
附图说明
图1:描绘某些二氢查耳酮化合物,包括橙皮素二氢查耳酮、根皮素和新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮(NHDC)的化学结构。
具体实施方式
I.定义
如本文所用,术语“碳水化合物”总体上是指被多个羟基基团取代、具有通式(CH2O)n(其中n为3-30)的醛或酮化合物、以及它们的低聚物和聚合物。
如本文所用,关于可食用产品的“常规甜味化”是指用碳水化合物甜味剂、高强度甜味剂或两者、但是除本文所述的那些之外甜味化的可食用产品。
如本文所用,术语“崩解时间”是在与唾液、水、或类似的溶剂接触之后,完整的口服膜破裂并且不再被认为是完整单元的时间。
如本文所用,术语“剂型”是指受试者食用剂量的形式。剂型可以是例如固体的、液体的或气体的。
如本文所用,术语“可溶形式”是指溶解于口中溶液的任何组合物。在一个实施例中,此类组合物可以在没有任何咀嚼的情况下放入口中之后约60秒或更短时间内溶解。
如本文所用,术语“速溶膜”或“速溶条”是指以下薄的口服膜,所述薄的口服膜在不需要水的情况下借助于唾液作为水合剂来在口腔中被吸收,并且在唾液向下流到胃中时,通过从口、咽和食道的胃前吸收而发挥作用。
如本文所用,术语“高纯度”化合物以基于干重的大于约95重量%的量存在于给定混合物中。
如本文所用,术语“等甜”是指具有等效甜度的组合物。总体上,典型地参考一种蔗糖溶液测量一种给定组合物的甜度。参见“A Systematic Study of Concentration-Response Relationships of Sweeteners[甜味剂的浓度-响应关系的系统研究]”,G.E.DuBois,D.E.Walters,S.S.Schiffman,Z.S.Warwick,B.J.Booth,S.D.Pecore,K.Gibes,B.T.Carr和L.M.Brands,Sweeteners:Discovery,Molecular Design andChemoreception[甜味剂:发现、分子设计和化学感应],D.E.Walters,F.T.Orthoefer和G.E.DuBois编辑,American Chemical Society[美国化学学会],华盛顿哥伦比亚特区(Washington,D.C.)(1991),第261-276页。
如本文所用,术语“天然高强度甜味剂”、“NHIS”、“NHIS组合物”和“天然高强度甜味剂组合物”同义并且是指自然界中存在的任何甜味剂,它们可以是单独或以其组合形式地以原料、提取、纯化、或任何其他形式并且在特征上具有大于蔗糖、果糖、或葡萄糖的甜度强度又具有较少卡路里。
如本文所用,术语“口服剂型”是指旨在通过口食用的剂型。
如本文所用,术语“唾液刺激剂”是指增加唾液的产生以例如帮助溶解口服剂型的剂。
如本文所用,术语“蔗糖当量”是指组合物与蔗糖参考物相比的甜度。典型地,对味道专家组成员进行培训以检测含有1%-15%之间的蔗糖(w/v)的参考蔗糖溶液的甜度。然后在一系列稀释下品尝其他组合物以确定与一种给定百分比的蔗糖参考物一样甜(即,等甜)的组合物的浓度。
如本文所用,术语“甜度增强剂”是指能够增强或强化甜味剂组合物或甜味化的组合物的甜味的感知的组分或组合物。通常,甜度增强剂增强或增效了甜味剂的甜味而没有独自地提供任何显著的甜味,即,以处于或低于其甜度识别阈值存在。
如本文所用,术语“甜度识别阈值”是由人类味觉可感知的甜化合物的最低已知的浓度。
如本文所用,术语“一种或多种甜菊醇糖苷”是指甜菊醇的糖苷,包括但不限于天然存在的甜菊醇糖苷例如甜菊单糖苷、甜菊双糖苷、甜叶悬钩子苷、杜克苷B、杜克苷A、莱鲍迪苷B、莱鲍迪苷G、甜菊苷、莱鲍迪苷C、莱鲍迪苷F、莱鲍迪苷A、莱鲍迪苷I、莱鲍迪苷E、莱鲍迪苷H、莱鲍迪苷L、莱鲍迪苷K、莱鲍迪苷J、莱鲍迪苷X、莱鲍迪苷D、莱鲍迪苷N、莱鲍迪苷O、合成甜菊醇糖苷例如酶促葡萄糖基化的甜菊醇糖苷及其组合。
如本文所用,术语“合成高强度甜味剂”、“SHIS”、“SHIS组合物”、和“合成高强度甜味剂组合物”同义并且是指自然界中不存在且在特征上具有大于蔗糖、果糖、或葡萄糖的甜度强度又具有较少卡路里的任何甜味剂。
II.组合物
本发明提供了一种口服剂型,例如一种一次性使用的口服剂型,其改变了可食用组合物的味道,例如增强了甜度。口服剂型含有神秘果素或与至少一种二氢查耳酮化合物组合的神秘果素,如下文进一步讨论。有利的是,当在可食用组合物之前被受试者食用时,口服剂型调节了可食用组合物的味道,例如,增加了可食用组合物的甜度。
1.口服剂型
口服剂型可以变化并且包括例如液滴或速溶递送系统。在与唾液接触时,速溶药物递送系统在口腔中快速溶解或崩解,得到一种或多种所施用的化合物(例如,神秘果素)的溶液或悬浮液。在某些情况下,速溶递送系统是在塑料背衬上(诸如,在包装上)的可舔涂层。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型是溶解或崩解片剂,诸如速溶或速崩片剂。FDT(也称为口腔分散片)是固体单位剂型,其典型地在<60秒内在口中溶解或崩解。(Bhowmik等人,.Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research[化学和药物研究杂志],2009,1(1):163-177)。理想的是,速溶片剂表现出快速的崩解速率、足够的抵抗在制造和储存过程中的破坏的硬度以及低成本。在示例性实施例中,速溶片剂可以在没有水和/或咀嚼的情况下施用。
速溶片剂典型地含有若干赋形剂。适用于本发明速溶片剂的代表性非限制性赋形剂包括膨胀剂、乳化剂、润滑剂、风味剂和甜味剂、产气崩解剂和所谓的超级崩解剂。(Kuldeep等人,Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology[药物科学与技术杂志]2010;2(10):318-329)。代表性非限制性超级崩解剂包括交联的羧甲基纤维素(交联羧甲基纤维素)、羧甲淀粉钠(primogel、explotab)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyplasdone)等,它们在施加于舌上之后提供片剂的即时崩解。
在一个具体实施例中,速溶片剂在少于约3分钟、少于约2分钟、少于约70秒、少于约65秒、少于约60秒、少于约55秒、少于约50秒、少于约45秒、少于约40秒、少于约35秒、少于约30秒、少于约25秒、或少于约20秒内在口/口腔内溶解。
下文进一步讨论了用于形成速溶片剂的各种技术。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型是条或膜,诸如速溶条或膜(FDF)。所述条或膜是可食用的,包括常规溶解性口服可食用条或膜的任何类型。速溶条可以是任何形状,诸如长圆形(oblong)、正方形、圆形、矩形等。速溶条还可以具有多种大小。膜被设计来在与湿表面(诸如,舌)接触时在几秒内溶解,意味着消费者可以在无需额外液体的情况下服用产品。速溶膜典型地具有在约1cm2与约20cm2之间、或更具体地在约1cm2与约15cm2之间、在约5cm2与约10cm2之间的表面积。在某些实施例中,溶解性膜的表面积在约1cm2与约10cm2之间或为约1cm2、约2cm2、约3cm2、约4cm2、约5cm2、约6cm2、约7cm2、约8cm2、约9cm2或约10cm2。剂型中神秘果素(或神秘果素加一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物)的量可以变化。在示例性实施例中,所述量为从约2%至约50%、并且更具体地在约5%与约30%之间、并且甚至更具体地在约5%与约15%之间。
所述膜可以含有一种或多种赋形剂,包括水溶性聚合物、增塑剂、表面活性剂、甜味剂、唾液刺激剂、填充剂、冷却剂、着色剂或调味剂。
口腔崩解膜或条包含水溶性聚合物,其允许剂型通过唾液快速水合、粘附至粘膜并且当置于舌或口腔上时快速崩解。水溶性聚合物可以是天然的或合成的。示例性天然水溶性聚合物包括碳水化合物(例如,普鲁兰、藻酸钠、麦芽糊精、羧甲淀粉钠)、蛋白质(例如,明胶)或树脂。示例性合成水溶性聚合物包括纤维素衍生物(例如,羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素)、乙烯基聚合物(例如,聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)和丙烯酸类聚合物
在一个实施例中,膜可以含有羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟烷基甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、藻酸钠、聚乙二醇、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、瓜尔胶、普鲁兰、阿拉伯树胶、阿拉伯胶及其组合。
可溶性膜中水溶性聚合物的重量百分比可以变化。在示例性实施例中,为约40重量%至约70重量%、更具体地约40重量%至约50重量%、约50重量%至约60重量%或约60重量%至约70重量%。在一个实施例中,水溶性聚合物的重量百分比在约60重量%与约65重量%之间。
增塑剂可以变化但应与水溶性聚合物相容。用于本发明的速溶膜的适合的增塑剂包括但不限于甘油(glycerol,glycerin)、聚乙二醇(例如,PEG-300、PEG-400)、丙二醇、柠檬酸酯衍生物(例如,三醋精(triacetin))和邻苯二甲酸酯衍生物(例如,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯)。
可溶性膜中增塑剂的重量百分比可以变化。在示例性实施例中,为约0.2重量%至约20重量%、或更具体地约0.5重量%至约10重量%、或更具体地约1重量%至约5重量%。
在一个示例性实施例中,水溶性聚合物是纤维素衍生物,并且增塑剂选自由甘油、聚乙二醇和丙二醇组成的组。
在另一个示例性实施例中,水溶性聚合物是乙烯基聚合物,并且增塑剂是甘油。
用于本发明的速溶膜的适合的表面活性剂包括但不限于十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温、苯扎氯铵和泊洛沙姆407。
适合的唾液刺激剂包括但不限于葡萄糖、果糖、木糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖、阿斯巴甜、糖精钠、柠檬酸、苹果酸、抗坏血酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、富马酸、酒石酸和乳酸。唾液刺激剂的量可以变化。在一个实施例中,唾液刺激剂以约2重量%至约6重量%存在。
适合的冷却剂包括但不限于琥珀酸单甲酯、WS3、WS23和Utracoll II。
适合的稳定剂和增稠剂包括但不限于天然胶如黄原胶、刺槐豆胶、角叉菜胶和纤维素衍生物。在示例性实施例中,稳定剂或增稠剂在约0.5重量%至约5重量%之间、或更具体地为约1重量%至约3重量%、或约3重量%至约5重量%。
适合的调味剂包括但不限于合成风味油、香精油、薄荷糖、甜味甜食风味剂和酸味水果风味剂。
适合的着色剂包括但不限于FD&C色素、EU色素、天然色素和定制的潘通配色素
在一个实施例中,速溶膜或条包含黄原胶、刺槐豆胶、瓜尔胶、结冷胶、藻酸钠、角叉菜胶、普鲁兰、果胶、甘油、丙二醇或其组合。
在一个具体实施例中,速溶膜在少于约3分钟、少于约2分钟、少于约70秒、少于约65秒、少于约60秒、少于约55秒、少于约50秒、少于约45秒、少于约40秒、少于约35秒、少于约30秒、少于约25秒、或少于约20秒内在口腔内溶解。
在一个具体实施例中,速溶膜在约90秒与约60秒之间、约80秒与约50秒之间、约70秒与约40秒之间或约60秒与约30秒之间的时间段内在口腔内溶解。
在另一个具体实施例中,速溶膜在约90秒、约85秒、约80秒、约75秒、约70秒、约65秒、约60秒、约55秒、约50秒、约45秒、约40秒、约35秒、约30秒、约25秒、约20秒、或约15秒或更少时间内在口腔内溶解。
可溶解膜的代表性非限制性制剂提供在下文实例中。
下文进一步讨论了用于形成速溶膜的各种技术
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型是速溶胶囊。
在一个具体实施例中,速溶胶囊在少于约3分钟、少于约2分钟、少于约70秒、少于约65秒、少于约60秒、少于约55秒、少于约50秒、少于约45秒、少于约40秒、少于约35秒、少于约30秒、少于约25秒、或少于约20秒内在口腔内溶解。
下文进一步讨论了用于形成速溶膜的各种技术
2.神秘果素
本发明的口服剂型包含神秘果素,其可以纯化的形式或作为神秘果素粉末提供。
神秘果素是植物神秘果(Synsepalum dulcificum)(也称为神秘果(Richadelladulcifica))的果实中所含的一种矫味糖蛋白。神秘果素在1968年被认定为神秘果的功能性成分(Kurihara和Beidler,Science[科学](1968)161(847),第1241-1243页)。神秘果植物的通用名称包括神秘果、神秘浆果、奇迹浆果(miraculous berry)、甜浆果、以及在物种起源的西非的agbayun、taami、asaa和ledidi。神秘果素蛋白本身是非常稳定的并且可以纯的形式或以溶液形式储存数月(例如,6个月)而不会丧失功能。(Gibbs等人,(1996).Sweetand taste-modifying proteins:A review[甜和矫味蛋白:综述].Nutrition Research[营养研究],16(9),1619-1630)。
神秘果素具有改变所感知的味道的量和强度的作用,例如,将食物的酸度改变为甜度,所述作用持续数分钟至数小时(Kurihara,Y.(1992).Characteristics ofAntisweet Substances,Sweet Proteins,and Sweetness-Inducing Proteins[抗甜物质、甜蛋白和甜度诱导蛋白的特征].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition[食品科学和营养学的重要评论],32(3),231-252)。
神秘果素的单体形式在所有pH值下以及在高浓度下均是无味的;二聚体形式在酸性pH下引起其矫味活性;四聚体形式也被报告为活性的。心理物理研究表明,酸的类型影响神秘果素的矫味作用的强度,其中弱酸比强酸产生更有效的矫味作用。(Brouwer等人,Nature[自然]220,373-374(1968))。
确定了神秘果素蛋白的完整氨基酸序列(Theerasilp等人,J Biol Chem.(1989)264(12),第6655-6659页)。其为具有191个氨基酸残基的单一多肽。基于氨基酸序列和碳水化合物含量(13.9%)的计算分子量是24,600。Asn-42和Asn-186以N-糖苷形式连接至碳水化合物链。在神秘果素与大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂的氨基酸序列之间存在高同源性。
还确定了基因的核苷酸序列(Masuda等人,Gene[基因](1995)161,第175-177页)。Masuda等人,Gene[基因](1995)161,第175-177页中还报告了神秘果素基因的全长cDNA序列。
在一个实施例中,本发明提供了一种包含纯化的神秘果素的口服剂型。在示例性实施例中,可以从神秘果植物提取并纯化神秘果素(He等人,Food Chemistry[食品化学],(2015),181,第19-24页)。替代地,神秘果素可以例如通过在植物中的转基因产生来转基因地产生。(Jin等人,Journal of the Korean Society for Applied BiologicalChemistry[韩国应用生物化学会杂志](2013),56,第271-264页)。具体的植物可以变化。非限制性实例包括莴苣、番茄和草莓。
在另一个实施例中,本发明提供了一种口服剂型,其包含以神秘果粉末形式提供的神秘果素。神秘果粉末是由神秘果产生的可流动粉末。神秘果粉末中神秘果素的量可以变化。在示例性实施例中,神秘果素占神秘果粉末的约0.05%。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型含有以从约1重量%至约10重量%、例如像约3重量%至约10重量%、约3重量%至约7重量%或约3重量%至约5重量%的量的、以神秘果粉末的形式的神秘果素。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型含有以约4重量%至约8重量%、例如约4重量%至约6重量%的量的、以神秘果粉末的形式的神秘果素。
在一个示例性实施例中,口服剂型含有以约1.0重量%、约1.5重量%、约2.0重量%、约2.5重量%、约3.0重量%、约3.5重量%、约4.0重量%、约4.5重量%、约5.0重量%、约5.5重量%、约6.0重量%、约6.5重量%、约7.0重量%、约7.5重量%、约8.0重量%、约8.5重量%、约9.0重量%、约9.5重量%或约10重量%的量的、以神秘果粉末的形式的神秘果素。
在另一个实施例中,神秘果素是以纯化的形式提供的。
在又另一个实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的。
3.二氢查耳酮化合物
本发明的口服剂型包含与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物组合的神秘果素。
适合的非限制性二氢查耳酮化合物包括具有式I的二氢查耳酮化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自H、OH、OR6、烷基和取代的烷基,其中R6选自烷基、取代的烷基和碳水化合物。
在一个实施例中,所述二氢查耳酮化合物选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:橙皮素二氢查耳酮(CC-00800)、根皮素、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、柚皮苷二氢查耳酮及其组合。这些化合物中的若干的化学式至此在图1中给出。
口服剂型中一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的重量百分比可以变化。在一个实施例中,口服剂型中一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的量为从约1重量%至约5重量%、更具体地从约1重量%至约4重量%、从约1重量%至约3重量%、或更具体地约1.45重量%或约3.0重量%。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型中一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的量为约1重量%、约1.2重量%、约1.4重量%、约1.6重量%、约1.8重量%、约2.0重量%、约2.2重量%、约2.4重量%、约2.6重量%、约2.8重量%、约3.0重量%、约3.2重量%、约3.4重量%、约3.6重量%、约3.8重量%、约4.0重量%、约4.2重量%、约4.4重量%、约4.6重量%、约4.8重量%或约5.0重量%。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型中一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的量为少于约5.0重量%、少于约4.5重量%、少于约4.0重量%、少于约3.5重量%、少于约3.0重量%、少于约2.5重量%、少于约2.0重量%、少于约1.5重量%、少于约1.0重量%或少于约0.5重量%。
神秘果素与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的重量比可以变化。
在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果粉末的形式提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约2000:1至约5:1、例如像约从500:1至约10:1、从约200:1至约20:1、从约150:1至约50:1。
在另一个实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果粉末的形式提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约500:1或更小、或更具体地约400:1、约350:1、约300:1、约250:1、约200:1、约150:1、约100:1、约75:1、约50:1或约35:1。
在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是约10:1或更小、例如像约9:1、约8:1、约7:1、约6:1、约5:1、约4:1、约3:1、约2:1或约1:1。
在另一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种二氢查耳酮的比率是约10:1或更小、例如像约9:1至约1:1、约8:1至约2:1、约7:1至约3:1或约6:1至约4:1。
在另一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是以纯化的形式提供的,并且神秘果素与二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是从约5:1至约200:1、例如像从约5:1至约100:1、从约10:1至约60:1或约15:1至约40:1。每个浆果有约1-1.5mg的神秘果素。
在又另一个实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的,并且神秘果果肉与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约15000:1至约50:1、例如像从约5000:1至约100:1或从约2000:1至约500:1。
在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果果肉的形式提供的,并且神秘果果肉与一种或多种二氢查耳酮化合物的比率是约200:1、或更具体地约150:1、约100:1、约75:1、约100:1、约75:1、约50:1或约25:1。
4.天然高强度甜味剂
本发明的口服剂型可以任选地含有一种或多种天然高强度甜味剂。
有利的是,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起使用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)中存在的天然高强度甜味剂的量少于常规用于使类似或相同可食用产品(例如,饮料)甜味化的天然高强度甜味剂的量。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起食用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)中存在的天然甜味剂的量比常规用于使类似或相同可食用产品(例如,饮料)甜味化的天然高强度甜味剂的量少多于约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起食用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)中存在的天然甜味剂的量比常规用于使类似或相同可食用产品(例如,饮料)甜味化的天然高强度甜味剂的量少约10%至约15%、约15%至约25%、约25%至约35%或约35%至约40%。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起食用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)中存在的天然甜味剂的量比常规用于使类似或相同可食用产品(例如,饮料)甜味化的天然高强度甜味剂的量少约5%、约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%、约30%、约35%或约40%。
适合用于本发明的口服剂型的代表性非限制性天然高强度甜味剂包括莱鲍迪苷A、莱鲍迪苷B、莱鲍迪苷C、莱鲍迪苷D、莱鲍迪苷E、莱鲍迪苷F、莱鲍迪苷M、莱鲍迪苷N、莱鲍迪苷O、莱鲍迪苷I、杜克苷A、杜克苷B、甜叶悬钩子苷、甜菊糖、甜菊苷、罗汉果苷IIIe、罗汉果苷IV、异罗汉果苷V、罗汉果苷V、罗汉果苷VI、罗汉果甜味剂、赛门苷I、Siratose、莫那甜及其盐(莫那甜SS、RR、RS、SR)、仙茅甜蛋白(curculin)、甘草酸及其盐、索马甜、莫内林(monellin)、马宾灵(mabinlin)、布拉齐因(brazzein)、荷南度辛(hernandulcin)、叶甘素、根皮酚苷、根皮苷、三叶苷、白云参苷、欧亚水龙骨甜素(osladin)、多足蕨苷(polypodoside)A、枫杨皂苷(pterocaryoside)A、枫杨皂苷B、无患子倍半萜苷(mukurozioside)、假秦艽苷(phlomisoside)I、巴西甘草甜素(periandrin)I、相思子三萜苷(abrusoside)A、青钱柳苷l或其组合。
天然高强度甜味剂的纯度可以变化。在一个实施例中,天然高效甜味剂可以在任何纯度百分比下以提取物的形式提供。当天然高强度甜味剂作为非提取物提供时,天然高强度甜味剂的纯度可以在例如约25%至约100%的范围内。根据其他实施例,天然高强度甜味剂的纯度可以在以下范围内:从约50%至约100%、从约70%至约100%、从约80%至约100%、从约90%至约100%、从约95%至约100%、从约95%至约99.5%、从约96%至约100%、从约97%至约100%、从约98%至约100%和从约99%至约100%。
在一个具体实施例中,口服剂型含有神秘果素和莱鲍迪苷M。
最近,莱鲍迪苷M(在文献中还被称为莱鲍迪苷X)(13-[2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)氧基]对映贝壳杉-16-烯-19-酸-[2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)酯)是从甜叶菊中分离出的并且特征为:
莱鲍迪苷M以微量(按重量计约0.05%-0.5%)存在于甜叶菊中。分离莱鲍迪苷X的方法已经在PCT/US2012/070562中披露,所述申请的内容通过援引并入本文。Reb M可以作为纯化合物或替代性地作为提取物的一部分提供。
莱鲍迪苷M可以在以下范围内的纯度下提供:从约50%至约100%、从约70%至约100%、从约80%至约100%、从约90%至约100%、从约95%至约100%、从约95%至约99.5%、从约96%至约100%、从约97%至约100%、从约98%至约100%和从约99%至约100%。
莱鲍迪苷M也是从美国中草药公司(Chromadex)可商购的。
在一个示例性实施例中,本发明提供一种口服剂型,其含有(i)以神秘果粉末的形式、以口服剂型的约3重量%至约10重量%、并且更具体地约5.5重量%的量的神秘果素;(ii)以口服剂型的约0.01重量%至约0.1重量%、并且更具体地约0.035重量%的莱鲍迪苷M;以及(iii)以约1重量%至约5重量%、更具体地约1重量%至约3重量%、并且甚至更具体地约1.45重量%的根皮素。在一个实施例中,口服剂型或者与一起使用的可食用产品组合的口服剂型含有比常规用莱鲍迪苷M甜味化的可食用产品(例如,饮料)少的莱鲍迪苷M,并且更具体地比常规用莱鲍迪苷M甜味化的可食用产品(例如,饮料)少约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%、约30%、约35%、约40%、约45%、约50%、约55%、约60%、约65%、约70%或约75%(或更大)的莱鲍迪苷M,但是仍维持等效或更高的甜度。
在另一个示例性实施例中,口服剂型含有(i)以神秘果粉末的形式、以约3重量%至约10重量%、并且更具体地约7.0重量%的量的神秘果素;(ii)以约0.01重量%至约0.1重量%、并且更具体地约0.035重量%的莱鲍迪苷M;以及(ii)以约1重量%至约5重量%、并且更具体地约1重量%至约3重量%、并且甚至更具体地约1.45重量%的根皮素。在一个实施例中,口服剂型或者与一起使用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)组合的口服剂型含有比常规用莱鲍迪苷M甜味化的可食用产品少的莱鲍迪苷M,并且更具体地比常规用reb M甜味化的可食用产品(例如,饮料)少约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%、约30%、约35%、约40%、约45%、约50%、约55%、约60%、约65%、约70%或约75%(或更大)的reb M,但是仍维持等效或更高的甜度。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型含有神秘果素和莱鲍迪苷A。
莱鲍迪苷A是一种高效的二萜类糖苷甜味剂,其具有以下化学结构:
莱鲍迪苷A是连同其他甜菊醇糖苷一起从甜叶菊(Stevia rebaudiana(Berton))植物(“甜菊”)分离出并且提取的,所述植物在商业上栽培于日本、新加坡、马来西亚、韩国、中国、以色列、印度、巴西、澳大利亚、和巴拉圭。它是一种天然无卡路里甜味剂,其功能和感官特性优于许多其他无卡路里甜味剂的功能和感官特性。甜菊的加工形式的效力可以比糖大70至400倍;但是,甜菊还具有苦味组分。在甜菊中存在的四种主要的二萜类糖苷甜味剂中,莱鲍迪苷A被认为是涩味最少、苦味最少并且持续的余味最少。但是,莱鲍迪苷A仍具有区别于糖的风味和味道特征。因此,可能希望对莱鲍迪苷A进行改性以获得可用作甜味化组合物但是具有比莱鲍迪苷A更理想的风味和/或时间特征的新颖化合物。一种或多种天然高强度甜味剂可以任选地连同一种或多种合成高强度甜味剂、包括下文所披露的那些一起包括在口服剂型中。
本发明的其他方面提供了一种包含神秘果素和高强度甜味剂的口服剂型。在一个实施例中,这种口服剂型可以是一次性使用的。在另一个实施例中,这种口服剂型可以在少于60秒内充分溶解。高强度甜味剂可以是本文所述的任何甜味剂。在一个实施例中,甜味剂可以是莱鲍迪苷A。替代地,甜味剂可以是莱鲍迪苷M。
在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约500:1或更小、450:1或更小、425:1或更小或200:1或更小、或更具体地为约150:1、约100:1、约75:1或约50:1。在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约425:1或更小。在另一个实施例中,神秘果素与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约150:1或更小。
在一个具体实施例中,神秘果素是以神秘果粉末的形式提供的,并且神秘果粉末与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约500:1或更小、450:1或更小、425:1或更小、或200:1或更小、或更具体地为约150:1、约100:1、约75:1或约50:1。在一个具体实施例中,神秘果粉末与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约425:1或更小。在另一个实施例中,神秘果粉末与一种或多种高强度甜味剂化合物的比率为约150:1或更小。
5.合成高强度甜味剂
本发明的口服剂型可以任选地含有一种或多种合成高强度甜味剂。
有利的是,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起使用的可食用产品(例如,饮料)中存在的合成高强度甜味剂的量少于常规用于使可食用产品(例如,饮料)甜味化的合成高强度甜味剂的量。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起使用的可食用产品中存在的合成高强度甜味剂的量比常规用于使饮料、或更具体地低卡路里或无卡路里饮料甜味化的合成高强度甜味剂的量少多于约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%。
适合用于本发明的合成甜味剂的代表性非限制性实例是三氯蔗糖、乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿斯巴甜、阿力甜、糖精、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、甜蜜素、纽甜(neotame)、爱德万甜(advantame)、其盐等。
在一个示例性实施例中,口服剂型含有(i)以神秘果粉末的形式、以从约3重量%至约10重量%、并且更具体地约5.5重量%的量的神秘果素;(ii)以从约0.01重量%至约0.1重量%、或更具体地约0.05重量%的量的阿斯巴甜;以及(iii)以约1重量%至约5重量%、更具体地约1重量%至约3重量%、并且甚至更具体地约3重量%或约1.45重量%的橙皮素二氢查耳酮。在一个实施例中,口服剂型或者与一起使用的可食用产品组合的口服剂型含有比常规用阿斯巴甜甜味化的可食用产品(例如,饮料)少的阿斯巴甜,并且更具体地比常规用阿斯巴甜甜味化的可食用产品(例如,饮料)少约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%、约30%、约35%、约40%、约45%、约50%、约55%、约60%、约65%、约70%或约75%(或更大)的阿斯巴甜。
一种或多种合成高强度甜味剂可以任选地连同一种或多种天然高效甜味剂、包括下文所披露的那些一起包括在口服剂型中。
6.甜味增强组合物
本发明的口服剂型可以任选地含有一种或多种甜味增强组合物。可以将甜味增强组合物与任何适合的甜味剂组合以提供具有增强的甜度的甜味剂组合物。
在具体实施方案中,至少一种甜度增强剂和至少一种甜味提高组合物可以是相同的。因此,在本文中设想,至少一种甜度增强剂可以起到增强甜味剂的甜度、同时还将甜味剂的时间和/或风味特征改变成更像糖的作用。在其他具体实施方案中,至少一种甜度增强剂和至少一种甜味提高组合物可以是不同的。
甜味增强组合物的代表性非限制性实例包括碳水化合物、多元醇、氨基酸及其相应盐、聚氨基酸及其相应盐、糖酸及其相应盐、核苷酸、有机酸、无机酸、有机盐(包括有机酸盐和有机碱盐)、无机盐、苦味化合物、调味剂和调味成分、涩味化合物、蛋白质或蛋白质水解物、表面活性剂、乳化剂、类黄酮、醇、聚合物、赋予此类像糖的特征的其他甜味提高味道添加剂以及其组合。
有利的是,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起使用的可食用产品中存在的甜味增强组合物的量少于常规使饮料甜味化的甜味增强组合物的量。
在一个实施例中,口服剂型中或者口服剂型加与其一起使用的可食用产品中存在的甜度增强剂的量比常规用于使甜味化饮料、或更具体地低卡路里或无卡路里饮料甜味化的甜味增强组合物的量少多于约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%。
III.可食用产品
本发明的口服剂型适合用于使可食用产品甜味化或增强可食用产品的甜度。
可食用产品可以是适合用在口中或摄取的任何可食用或口服组合物。示例性可食用产品包括例如药物组合物、可食用凝胶混合物和组合物、牙科组合物、食品(甜食、调味品、口香糖、谷物组合物、烘焙食品、乳制品、以及桌面甜味剂组合物)、饮料和饮料产品。
可食用产品可以进一步含有以下详述的一种或多种功能性成分。功能性成分包括但不限于维生素、矿物质、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、葡萄糖胺、多元酚及其组合。可以使用本文所述的任何适合的功能性成分。
可食用产品可以进一步包含一种或多种添加剂,其包括但不限于碳水化合物、多元醇、氨基酸及其相应盐、聚氨基酸及其相应盐、糖酸及其相应盐、核苷酸、有机酸、无机酸、有机盐(包括有机酸盐和有机碱盐)、无机盐、苦味化合物、咖啡因、调味剂和调味成分、涩味化合物、蛋白质或蛋白质水解物、表面活性剂、乳化剂、增重剂、果汁、乳制品、谷物和其他植物提取物、类黄酮、醇、聚合物以及其组合。可以使用本文所述的任何适合的添加剂。
1.饮料
在一个具体实施例中,可食用产品是饮料。
如本文所用,“饮料”是一种立即可饮的饮料。适合的立即可饮的饮料包括碳酸饮料和非碳酸饮料。碳酸饮料包括但不限于,软饮品、可乐、柠檬-酸橙风味起泡饮料、橙风味起泡饮料、葡萄风味起泡饮料、草莓风味起泡饮料、菠萝风味起泡饮料、姜汁酒、软饮品、沙士以及麦芽饮料。
非碳酸饮料包括但不限于果汁、水果风味果汁、果汁饮料、花蜜、蔬菜汁、蔬菜风味汁、运动饮料、能量饮料、蛋白饮料、具有维生素的增强水、近水饮料(例如,具有天然调味剂或合成调味剂的水)、椰子汁、茶类型(例如,黑茶、绿茶、红叶、乌龙茶)、咖啡、可可饮料、含有乳组分的饮料(例如,乳饮料、含乳组分的咖啡、欧蕾咖啡(caféau lait)、奶茶、果奶饮料)、含有谷物提取物的饮料、冰沙以及其组合。
饮料含有一种液体基质,即其中溶解了这些成分的基础成分。在一个实施例中,液体基质是饮料质量的水,例如像可以使用去离子水、蒸馏水、反渗透水、碳处理水、纯化水、软化水以及其组合。附加适合的液体基质包括但不限于磷酸、磷酸盐缓冲液、柠檬酸、柠檬酸盐缓冲液以及碳处理水。
在一个实施例中,饮料含有内含物,即果肉、籽、块状物等。
合成甜味剂可以是以从0.3ppm至约3,500ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。天然高效甜味剂可以是以约0.1ppm至约3,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
饮料可以进一步包含添加剂,其包括但不限于碳水化合物、多元醇、氨基酸及其相应盐、聚氨基酸及其相应盐、糖酸及其相应盐、核苷酸、有机酸、无机酸、有机盐(包括有机酸盐和有机碱盐)、无机盐、苦味化合物、咖啡因、调味剂和调味成分、涩味化合物、蛋白质或蛋白质水解物、表面活性剂、乳化剂、增重剂、果汁、乳制品、谷物和其他植物提取物、类黄酮、醇、聚合物以及其组合。可以使用本文所述的任何适合的添加剂。
在一个实施例中,多元醇可以是以从约100ppm至约250,000ppm、例如像从约5,000ppm至约40,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,氨基酸可以是以从约10ppm至约50,000ppm、例如像从约1,000ppm至约10,000ppm、从约2,500ppm至约5,000ppm或者从约250ppm至约7,500ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,核苷酸可以是以从约5ppm至约1,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,有机酸添加剂可以是以从约10ppm至约5,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,无机酸添加剂可以是以从约25ppm至约25,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,苦味化合物可以是以从约25ppm至约25,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,调味剂可以是以从约0.1ppm至约5,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,聚合物可以是以从约30ppm至约2,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,蛋白质水解物可以是以从约200ppm至约50,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,表面活性剂添加剂可以是以从约30ppm至约2,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,类黄酮添加剂可以是以从约0.1ppm至约1,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在另一个实施例中,醇添加剂可以是以从约625ppm至约10,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
在又一个实施例中,涩味添加剂可以是以从约10ppm至约5,000ppm的浓度存在于饮料中。
饮料可以进一步含有以下详述的一种或多种功能性成分。功能性成分包括但不限于维生素、矿物质、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、葡萄糖胺、多元酚及其组合。可以使用本文所述的任何适合的功能性成分。
考虑到饮料的pH不会实质上或不利地影响甜度的增强。饮料的pH范围的非限制性实例可以是从约1.8至约10。另一个实例包括从约2至约5的pH范围。在一个具体实施例中,饮料的pH可以是从约2.5至约4.2。本领域技术人员将理解,饮料的pH可以基于饮料的类型而改变。例如,乳品饮料可以具有大于4.2的pH。
饮料的可滴定酸度可以例如在按饮料的重量计从约0.01%至约1.0%的范围内。
在一个实施例中,起泡饮料产品具有按饮料的重量计从约0.01%至约1.0%、例如像按饮料的重量计从约0.05%至约0.25%的酸度。
起泡饮料产品的碳酸化作用具有0至约2%(w/w)二氧化碳或其等效物,例如从约0.1%至约1.0%(w/w)。
饮料的温度范围可以是例如从约4℃至约100℃,例如从约4℃至约25℃。
饮料可以是富含卡路里的饮料,它每8盎司份具有最高约120卡路里。
饮料可以是中值卡路里的饮料,它每8盎司份具有最高约60卡路里。
饮料可以是低卡路里的饮料,它每8盎司份具有最高约40卡路里。
饮料可以是零卡路里的饮料,它每8盎司份具有小于约5卡路里。
在一个实施例中,降低卡路里的苏打包括例如焦糖色素。
2.可食用凝胶混合物和可食用凝胶组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是可食用凝胶或可食用凝胶混合物。
可食用凝胶是可以吃的凝胶。凝胶是其中颗粒网络跨越液体介质的体积的胶体体系。尽管凝胶主要由液体组成并且因此展现出与液体类似的密度,但是凝胶由于跨越液体介质的颗粒网络而具有固体的结构连贯。出于这个原因,凝胶通常出现为固体、果冻样材料。凝胶可以用于多种应用中。例如,凝胶可以用于食物、颜料和粘附剂中。
用于具体实施例的可食用凝胶组合物的非限制性实例包括凝胶点心、布丁、果冻、糊剂、松糕、花色肉冻(aspics)、棉花糖、胶质奶糖等。可食用凝胶混合物通常是粉状或颗粒状固体,其中可以添加流体以形成可食用凝胶组合物。用于具体实施例中的流体的非限制性实例包括水、乳品流体、乳品类似物流体、果汁、酒精、酒精饮料及其组合。可以用于具体实施例中的乳品流体的非限制性实例包括奶、酸奶、奶油、流体乳清及其混合物。可以用于具体实施例中的乳品类似物流体的非限制性实例包括例如豆奶和非乳品咖啡增白剂。因为在市场上可见的可食用凝胶产品典型地是用蔗糖甜味化的,所以希望用替代性甜味剂甜味化可食用凝胶以便提供低卡路里或无卡路里替代物。
3.牙科组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是牙科组合物。
牙科组合物通常包含活性牙齿物质和基础材料。牙科组合物可以呈用于口腔的任何口腔组合物的形式,例如像,口腔清新制剂、漱口剂、口腔清洗剂、洁齿剂、牙齿抛光剂、洁牙剂、口腔喷雾剂、牙齿增白剂、牙线等。
4.甜食
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是甜食。
如本文所提及的,“甜食”可以意指糖果、糖(lollie)、糕点糖果或类似术语。甜食通常含有基础组成组分和甜味剂组分。甜食可以呈典型地被认为富含糖或典型地是甜的任何食物的形式。根据本发明的具体实施例,甜食可以是烘焙食品,诸如糕点;甜点,诸如酸乳、果冻、可饮用果冻、布丁、巴伐利亚奶油、牛奶冻、蛋糕、巧克力饼、慕斯等、在下午茶时或在餐后食用的甜味化的食物产品;冷冻食品;冷甜食,例如,冰淇淋类型,诸如冰淇淋、冰牛奶、奶味冰激淋(lacto-ice)等(其中甜味剂和各种其他类型的原料被添加到奶制品中并且所得到的混合物被搅动并冷冻的食物产品),以及冰冻甜食,诸如冰冻果子露(sherbet)、点心冰淇淋(dessert ice)等(其中各种其他类型的原料被添加至含糖液体并且所得到的混合物被搅动并冷冻的食物产品);一般甜食,例如烘焙甜食或蒸煮甜食,诸如咸饼干、饼干、具有豆果酱填料的小圆面包、芝麻酥糖、甜奶夹心饼(alfajor)等;米糕和点心;桌面产品;一般糖类甜食,诸如口香糖(例如包括含有基本上不溶于水、可咀嚼的胶基的组合物,诸如糖胶树胶(chicle)或其替代物,包括节路顿胶(jetulong)、guttakay橡胶或某种可食用天然合成树脂或蜡)、硬糖、软糖、薄荷糖、牛轧糖、软心豆粒糖、奶油软糖、乳脂糖、太妃糖、瑞士乳片剂、甘草糖、巧克力糖、凝胶糖、棉花糖、杏仁蛋白软、奶油蛋白软糖(divinity)、棉花糖等;沙司,包括水果风味酱、巧克力酱等;食用凝胶;乳油,包括黄油乳油、面粉糊、生奶油等;果酱,包括草莓果酱、柑橘酱等;以及面包,包括甜面包等或其他淀粉产品,及其组合。
5.调味品组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是调味品。如本文所用的调味品是用于增强或改善食品或饮料的风味的组合物。调味品的非限制性实例包括番茄酱(ketchup、catsup);芥末;烤肉酱;黄油;辣椒酱;酸辣酱;鸡尾酒酱;咖喱;蘸酱;鱼露;辣根;辣酱;果冻、果酱、柑橘酱或蜜饯;蛋黄酱;花生酱;开胃小菜;雷莫拉酱;沙拉调味料(例如,油醋酱、凯撒酱、法式沙拉酱、田园沙拉酱、蓝奶酪酱、俄罗斯酱、千岛酱、意式沙拉酱和意大利黑醋酱)、莎莎酱;德国酸菜;酱油;牛排酱;糖浆;塔塔酱;和伍斯特沙司。
调味品组合物任选地可以包含其他天然和/或合成的高效甜味剂、填充型甜味剂、pH改性剂(例如,乳酸、柠檬酸、磷酸、盐酸、乙酸及其组合)、填充剂、功能性试剂(例如,药剂、营养物、或食物或植物的组分)、调味剂、着色剂或其组合。
6.口香糖组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是口香糖组合物。
口香糖组合物通常包含水溶性部分和水不溶性可咀嚼胶基部分。水溶性部分随一部分调味剂在咀嚼过程中在一段时间内消散而不溶性胶基部分保留在口中。不溶性胶基通常决定树胶是否被视为口香糖、泡泡糖或功能性口香糖。
7.谷物组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是谷物组合物。
谷物组合物典型地是作为主食或作为小吃食用的。用于具体实施例中的谷物组合物的非限制性实例包括可即食谷物以及热谷物。可即食谷物是可以食用而不用消费者进一步加工(即,烹煮)的谷物。可即食谷物的实例包括早餐谷物和小吃棒。早餐谷物典型地被加工来产生切碎、薄片、膨胀或挤压形式。早餐谷物通常是冷却食用的并且通常与奶和/或水果混合。小吃棒包括例如能量棒、米糕、格兰诺拉麦片棒、以及营养棒。热谷物通常在吃之前是以奶或水烹煮的。热谷物的非限制性实例包括粗燕麦粉、粥、玉米粥、大米、以及燕麦片。
谷物组合物通常包含至少一种谷物成分。如本文所用,术语“谷物成分”是指诸如全部或部分谷粒、全部或部分种子、以及全部或部分禾草的材料。用于具体实施例中的谷物成分的非限制性实例包括玉米、小麦、大米、大麦、麸皮、麸皮胚乳(bran endosperm)、碾碎的干小麦(bulgur)、高粱、粟、燕麦、黑麦、黑小麦、荞麦、福尼奥米(fonio)、藜麦、菜豆、大豆、苋菜、埃塞俄比亚画眉草(teff)、斯佩耳特小麦(spelt)、以及卡瓦尼(kaniwa)。
8.烘焙食品
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是烘焙食品。
如本文所用,“烘焙食品”包括在供应之前需要制备的可即食和所有可即时烘焙的产品、面粉和混合物。烘焙食品的非限制性实例包括蛋糕、薄脆饼干、甜饼干、巧克力饼、松饼、面包卷、百吉饼、甜甜圈、果馅卷、糕点、羊角面包、小点心、面包、面包产品、以及小圆面包。
根据本发明的具体实施例的烘焙食品通常包含甜味剂、水和脂肪的组合。
9.乳制品产品
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是乳制品。
适用于本发明的乳制品产品和用于制备乳制品的方法是本领域普通技术人员已熟知的。如本文所用,乳制品产品包括奶或由奶生产的食品。适用于本发明的实施例的乳制品的非限制性实例包括奶、奶油、酸奶油、法式鲜奶油、酪乳、发酵酪乳、奶粉、炼乳、淡炼乳、黄油、干酪、白软干酪、奶油干酪、酸奶、冰淇淋、软香乳冻、冷冻酸奶、意大利冰淇淋(gelato)、奶黄酱(vla)、健康酸奶(piima)、酸奶卡耶克(kajmak)、酸乳酒(kephir)、威利酒(viili)、马奶酒(kumiss)、艾日格酸奶(airag)、冰牛奶、干酪素、咸酸奶(ayran)、印度奶昔(lassi)、韩式浓缩奶(khoa)、或其组合。
在本发明的具体实施例中,由生奶加工乳制品通常包括巴氏灭菌、乳油化和均质化的步骤。尽管生奶可以在没有巴氏灭菌的情况下食用,但是它通常被巴氏灭菌以破坏有害微生物,诸如细菌、病毒、原生动物、霉菌、以及酵母。巴氏灭菌通常包括持续一个短时间段将奶加热至高温,以基本上减少微生物数量,从而减小疾病风险。
本发明的具体实施例包括通过额外加工步骤由奶生产的乳制品。如上所述,奶油可以是使用机器离心器来从奶顶部撇去或者与奶分离的。在一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括酸奶油,它是使用细菌培养发酵奶油来获得的富含脂肪的乳制品。细菌在发酵过程中产生乳酸,所述发酵使奶油变酸并变稠。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括法式鲜奶油,它是以与酸奶油类似的方式用细菌培养稍微酸化的多脂奶油。法式鲜奶油通常与酸奶油并不一样稠或一样酸。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括发酵酪乳。发酵酪乳是通过向奶中添加细菌来获得的。其中细菌培养将乳糖转化为乳酸的所得发酵产生了酸味的发酵酪乳。尽管以不同方式产生它,但是发酵酪乳通常与传统酪乳类似,所述传统酪乳是黄油制造的副产物。
根据本发明的其他具体实施例,乳制品包括奶粉、炼乳、淡炼乳或其组合。奶粉、炼乳和淡炼乳通常是通过从奶中去除水来产生的。在一个具体实施例中,乳制品包含含有干乳固体的奶粉,所述干乳固体具有低水份含量。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括炼乳。炼乳通常包含具有降低的水份含量的奶和添加的甜味剂,从而产生具有长贮藏寿命的稠的甜味产品。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括淡炼乳。淡炼乳通常包括已从中去除约60%的水的新鲜、均质奶,它已冷却,用添加剂如维生素和稳定剂强化,包装,并且最终灭菌。根据本发明的另一个具体实施例,乳制品包含干奶精和本发明的甜菊醇糖苷共混物或包含本发明的甜菊醇糖苷共混物的甜味剂组合物。
在另一个具体实施例中,本文提供的乳制品包括黄油。黄油通常是通过搅拌新鲜或发酵的奶油或奶来制备的。黄油通常在包含大部分水和乳蛋白的小液滴周围包含乳脂。搅拌过程损害了乳脂微小球周围的膜,从而允许乳脂连结并与奶油的其他部分分离。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括酪乳,它是在通过搅拌过程由全脂奶产生黄油之后保留的酸味液体。
在又一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括干酪,它是使用凝乳酶或凝乳酶替代物与酸化的组合使乳凝结来产生的固体食品。凝乳酶是在消化奶的哺乳动物胃内产生的天然的酶络合物,它在干酪制备中用于使奶凝结,从而使得它分离成被称为凝乳的固体和被称为乳清的液体。通常,凝乳酶是从幼龄反刍动物诸如小牛的胃内获得的;然而,凝乳酶的替代性来源包括一些植物、微生物有机体、以及基因改造的细菌、真菌、或酵母。此外,奶可以是通过添加酸如柠檬酸来凝结的。通常,凝乳酶和/或酸化的组合是用于使奶凝结。在将奶分离成凝乳和乳清之后,一些干酪是通过简单排水、加盐以及包装这些凝乳来制成的。然而,对于大部分干酪,需要更多加工。可以使用很多不同的方法来产生数以百计可用的干酪种类。加工方法包括加热干酪、将其切割成小块以排水(drain)、加盐、伸展、形成切达干酪、洗涤、使其发霉、熟化、以及成熟。一些干酪诸如蓝干酪具有在熟化之前或过程中引入它们的附加细菌或霉菌,从而向最终产品赋予风味和芳香。白软干酪是具有适宜风味的干酪凝乳产品,它被排出但并未被挤压,以使得保留一些乳清。通常洗涤凝乳以去除酸度。奶油干酪是具有高脂肪含量的软的、味道适中的白干酪,它是通过向奶中添加奶油然后使其凝结以形成丰富的凝乳来产生的。替代性地,奶油干酪可以是由脱脂乳制成的,其中奶油被添加到凝乳中。应理解,如本文所用的干酪包括通过使奶凝结生产的所有固体食品。
在本发明的另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括酸乳。酸乳通常是通过细菌发酵奶来产生的。乳糖的发酵产生乳酸,这作用于奶中的蛋白质,以产生凝胶样质地和酸味。在特别希望的实施例中,酸乳可以是用甜味剂甜味化的和/或调味的。调味剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于水果(例如,桃、草莓、香蕉)、香草、以及巧克力。如本文所用,酸乳还包括具有不同稠度和粘度的酸乳品种,如达希酸奶(dahi)、达希凝乳(dadih)或达缇凝乳(dadiah)、浓缩型酸奶(labneh)或地中海式酸奶(labaneh)、保加利亚酸奶(bulgarian)、克非尔(kefir)、以及里海优酪乳(matsoni)。在另一个具体实施例中,乳制品包括基于酸乳的饮料,它也称为可饮用酸乳或酸奶思慕斯(yogurt smoothie)。在特别希望的实施例中,基于酸乳的饮料可以包含甜味剂、调味剂、其他成分或其组合。
在本发明的具体实施例中,可以使用除本文所述的那些之外的其他乳制品。此类乳制品是本领域普通技术人员已熟知的,它们的非限制性实例包括奶、牛奶和果汁、咖啡、茶、奶黄酱(vla)、健康酸奶、酸奶(filmjolk)、卡耶克(kajmak)、酸乳酒(kephir)、威利酒(viili)、马奶酒(kumiss)、艾日格酸奶(airag)、冰牛奶、干酪素、咸酸奶(ayran)、印度奶昔(lassi)、以及韩式浓缩奶(khoa)。
根据本发明的具体实施例,乳制品组合物还可以包含其他添加剂。适合的添加剂的非限制性实例包括甜味剂和调味剂,诸如巧克力、草莓和香蕉。本文提供的乳制品组合物的具体实施例还可以包含附加营养物补充剂如维生素(例如,维生素D)和矿物质(例如,钙),以改进奶的营养物组成。
10.桌面甜味剂组合物
在一个实施例中,可食用产品是桌面甜味剂。
桌面甜味剂可以进一步包含至少一种膨胀剂、添加剂、抗结块剂、功能性成分或其组合。
适合的“膨胀剂”包括但不限于麦芽糊精(10DE、18DE、或5DE)、玉米糖浆固体(20DE或36DE)、蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、转化糖、山梨糖醇、木糖、核酮糖、甘露糖、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、半乳糖醇、赤藻糖醇、麦芽糖醇、乳糖醇、异麦芽酮糖醇、麦芽糖、塔格糖、乳糖、菊糖、甘油、丙二醇、多元醇、聚葡萄糖、低聚果糖、纤维素和纤维素衍生物等及其混合物。另外,还根据本发明的其他实施例,砂糖(蔗糖)或其他有卡路里甜味剂诸如结晶果糖、其他碳水化合物或糖醇由于其提供良好的含量均匀度而没有添加大量卡路里而可以用作膨胀剂。
如本文所用,短语“抗结块剂”和“助流剂”是指有助于含量均匀度和均匀溶解的任何组合物。根据具体实施例,抗结块剂的非限制性实例包括酒石、硅酸钙、二氧化硅、微晶纤维素(宾夕法尼亚州费城FMC生物聚合物公司的Avicel(Avicel,FMC BioPolymer,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania))、以及磷酸三钙。在一个实施例中,抗结块剂以按桌面甜味剂组合物的重量计从约0.001%至约3%的量存在于桌面甜味剂组合物中。
桌面甜味剂组合物可以是以本领域已知的任何形式包装。非限制性形式包括但不限于粉末形式、颗粒形式、小包、片剂、囊剂、小球、立方体、固体、以及液体。
在一个实施例中,桌面甜味剂组合物是含有干燥共混物的一次性(份量控制)包装。干燥共混物制剂通常可以包括粉末或颗粒。尽管桌面甜味剂组合物可以是处于任何大小的小包中,常规分量控制桌面甜味剂小包的非限制性实施例是大约2.5×1.5英寸并且保持具有等效于2茶勺砂糖(约8g)的甜度的大约1克甜味剂组合物。在一个具体实施例中,干燥共混物的桌面甜味剂制剂可以含有从约1%(w/w)至约10%(w/w)的量的甜味剂。
固体桌面甜味剂实施例包括立方体和片剂。常规立方体的非限制性实例的大小等效于砂糖的标准立方体,其为大约2.2×2.2×2.2cm3并且重量为大约8g。在一个实施例中,固体桌面甜味剂是以片剂的形式或本领域技术人员已知的任何其他形式。
桌面甜味剂组合物也可以具体化为呈液体形式,其中本发明的甜菊醇糖苷共混物或包含本发明的甜菊醇糖苷共混物的甜味剂组合物与液体载体组合。液体桌面甜味剂的载体剂的适合的非限制性例包括水、醇、多元醇、溶解于水中的甘油基料或柠檬酸基料及其混合物。可以改变本文所述的或本领域中已知的任何形式的桌面甜味剂组合物的甜度当量以获得所希望的甜度特征。例如,桌面甜味剂组合物可以包含与相当量的标准糖可比较的甜度。在另一个实施例中,桌面甜味剂组合物可以包含最高达相当量的糖的100倍的甜度。在另一个实施例中,桌面甜味剂组合物可以包含最高达相当量的糖的90倍、80倍、70倍、60倍、50倍、40倍、30倍、20倍、10倍、9倍、8倍、7倍、6倍、5倍、4倍、3倍、以及2倍的甜度。
本发明的可食用产品可以任选地包含在此以下详述的附加添加剂。在一些实施例中,可食用产品含有添加剂,这些添加剂包括但不限于,碳水化合物、多元醇、氨基酸及其相应盐、聚氨基酸及其相应盐、糖酸及其相应盐、核苷酸、有机酸、无机酸、有机盐(包括有机酸盐和有机碱盐)、无机盐、苦味化合物、调味剂和调味成分、涩味化合物、蛋白质或蛋白质水解物、乳化剂、增重剂、树胶、着色剂、类黄酮、醇、聚合物、香精油、抗真菌剂以及其组合。在一些实施例中,这些添加剂用于改进一种或多种甜味剂的时间和风味特征以提供与蔗糖类似的味道。
适合的氨基酸添加剂包括但不限于天冬氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸、苏氨酸、茶氨酸、半胱氨酸、胱氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、酪氨酸、亮氨酸、阿拉伯糖、反式-4-羟基脯氨酸、异亮氨酸、天冬酰胺、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、鸟氨酸、甲硫氨酸、肉毒碱、氨基丁酸(α-异构体、β-异构体和/或δ-异构体)、谷氨酰胺、羟基脯氨酸、牛磺酸、正缬氨酸、肌氨酸及其盐形式如钠盐或钾盐或酸盐。氨基酸添加剂还可以呈D-构型或L-构型以及呈相同或不同氨基酸的一元、二元或三元形式。另外,如果适当的话,氨基酸可以是α-异构体、β-异构体、γ-异构体和/或δ-异构体。在一些实施例中,以上氨基酸及其相应盐(例如,其钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐或其他碱金属盐或碱土金属盐,或酸盐)的组合也是适合的添加剂。氨基酸可以是天然的或合成的。氨基酸还可以是改性的。改性的氨基酸是指其中至少一个原子已经被添加、去除、取代或其组合的任何氨基酸(例如,N-烷基氨基酸、N-酰基氨基酸或N-甲基氨基酸)。改性的氨基酸的非限制性实例包括氨基酸衍生物,诸如三甲基甘氨酸、N-甲基-甘氨酸、和N-甲基-丙氨酸。如本文所用,改性的氨基酸既涵盖改性的氨基酸也涵盖未改性的氨基酸。如本文所用,氨基酸还既涵盖肽也涵盖多肽(例如,二肽、三肽、四肽和五肽),诸如谷胱甘肽和L-丙氨酰-L-谷氨酰胺。适合的聚氨基酸添加剂包括聚-L-天冬氨酸、聚-L-赖氨酸(例如,聚-L-α-赖氨酸或聚-L-ε-赖氨酸)、聚-L-鸟氨酸(例如,聚-L-α-鸟氨酸或聚-L-ε-鸟氨酸)、聚-L-精氨酸、其他聚合物形式的氨基酸及其盐形式(例如,钙盐、钾盐、钠盐或镁盐,诸如L-谷氨酸单钠盐)。聚氨基酸添加剂也可以呈D-构型或L-构型。另外,如果适当的话,聚氨基酸可以是α-异构体、β-异构体、γ-异构体、δ-异构体和ε-异构体。在一些实施例中,以上聚氨基酸及其相应盐(例如,其钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐或其他碱金属盐或碱土金属盐或酸盐)的组合也是适合的添加剂。本文描述的聚氨基酸还可以包括不同氨基酸的共聚物。聚氨基酸可以是天然的或合成的。聚氨基酸也可以是改性的,以使得至少一个原子被添加、去除、取代或其组合(例如,N-烷基聚氨基酸或N-酰基聚氨基酸)。如本文所用,聚氨基酸既涵盖改性的聚氨基酸也涵盖未改性的聚氨基酸。例如,改性的聚氨基酸包括但不限于具有不同分子量(MW)的聚氨基酸,如具有1,500的MW、6,000的MW、25,200的MW、63,000的MW、83,000的MW或者300,000的MW的聚-L-α-赖氨酸。
在具体实施例中,当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,氨基酸是以有效提供从约10ppm至约50,000ppm的浓度的量存在。在另一个实施例中,当存在于可食用产品中时,氨基酸是以有效提供从约1,000ppm至约10,000ppm的浓度的量存在,例如像,从约2,500ppm至约5,000ppm或从约250ppm至约7,500ppm。
适合的糖酸添加剂包括但不限于醛糖酸、糖醛酸、醛糖二酸、海藻酸、葡糖酸、葡糖醛酸、葡糖二酸、半乳糖二酸、半乳糖醛酸、及其盐(例如,钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐或其他生理上可接受的盐)及其组合。
适合的核苷酸添加剂包括但不限于单磷酸肌苷(“IMP”)、单磷酸鸟苷(“GMP”)、单磷酸腺苷(“AMP”)、单磷酸胞嘧啶(CMP)、单磷酸尿嘧啶(UMP)、二磷酸肌苷、二磷酸鸟苷、二磷酸腺苷、二磷酸胞嘧啶、二磷酸尿嘧啶、三磷酸肌苷、三磷酸鸟苷、三磷酸腺苷、三磷酸胞嘧啶、三磷酸尿嘧啶、其碱金属盐或碱土金属盐及其组合。本文所述的核苷酸还可以包含核苷酸相关的添加剂,诸如核苷或核酸碱基(例如,鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶)。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,核苷酸是以有效提供从约5ppm至约1,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的有机酸添加剂包括包含一个-COOH部分的任何化合物,例如像C2-C30羧酸、取代的羟基C2-C30羧酸、丁酸(乙酯)、取代的丁酸(乙酯)、苯甲酸、取代的苯甲酸(例如,2,4-二羟基苯甲酸、3-羟基苯甲酸、3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸)、取代的肉桂酸、羟基酸、取代的羟基苯甲酸、茴香酸取代的环己基羧酸、鞣酸、乌头酸、乳酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、异柠檬酸、葡糖酸、葡庚糖酸、己二酸、羟基柠檬酸、苹果酸、水果酒石酸(fruitaric acid)(苹果酸、富马酸和酒石酸的一种共混物)、富马酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、绿原酸、水杨酸、肌酸、咖啡酸、胆汁酸、乙酸、抗坏血酸、藻酸、异抗坏血酸、聚谷氨酸、葡糖酸δ内酯、及其碱金属盐或碱土金属盐衍生物。另外,有机酸添加剂也可以呈D-构型或L-构型。
适合的有机酸添加剂盐包括但不限于所有有机酸的钠盐、钙盐、钾盐、以及镁盐,如柠檬酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、富马酸盐、乳酸盐(例如,乳酸钠)、海藻酸盐(例如,藻酸钠)、抗坏血酸盐(例如,抗坏血酸钠)、苯甲酸盐(例如,苯甲酸钠或苯甲酸钾)、山梨酸盐以及己二酸盐。所述的有机酸添加剂的实例任选地可以被选自以下的至少一个基团取代:氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、卤素、卤代烷基、羧基、酰基、酰氧基、氨基、酰氨基、羧基衍生物、烷氨基、二烷基氨基、芳基氨基、烷氧基、芳氧基、硝基、氰基、磺基、硫醇、亚胺、磺酰基、烃硫基、亚磺酰基、氨磺酰基、羧烷氧基、碳酰胺基(carboxamido)、膦酰基、氧膦基、磷酰基、膦基、硫酯、硫醚、酸酐、肟基、肼基、氨甲酰基、磷或膦酸酯基。在具体实施例中,当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,有机酸添加剂是以从约10ppm至约5,000ppm的量存在。
合适的无机酸添加剂包括但不限于磷酸、亚磷酸、聚磷酸、盐酸、硫酸、碳酸、磷酸二氢钠、及其碱金属盐或碱土金属盐(例如,肌醇六磷酸Mg/Ca)。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,无机酸添加剂是以有效提供从约25ppm至约25,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的苦味化合物添加剂包括但不限于咖啡因、奎宁、尿素、苦橘油、柚皮苷、苦木及其盐。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,苦味化合物是以有效提供从约25ppm至约25,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的调味剂和调味成分添加剂包括但不限于香草醛、香草提取物、芒果提取物、肉桂、柑橘、椰子、姜、白千层醇、杏仁、薄荷醇(包括不含薄荷的薄荷醇)、葡萄皮提取物、以及葡萄籽提取物。“调味剂”和“调味成分”同义并且可以包括天然物质或合成物质或其组合。调味剂还包括赋予风味的任何其他物质并且可以包括在以通常接受的范围使用时对于人或动物是安全的天然物质或非天然(合成)物质。专有调味剂的非限制性实例包括天然调味甜度增强剂K14323(德国达姆施塔特(Darmstadt,Germany))、SymriseTM甜度天然风味遮盖剂161453和164126(SymriseTM,德国霍尔茨明登(Holzminden,Germany))、Natural AdvantageTM苦味阻滞剂1、2、9和10(NaturalAdvantageTM,美国新泽西州弗里霍尔德(Freehold,New Jersey,U.S.A.))以及SucramaskTM(美国加利福尼亚州斯托克顿市创造性科研管理处(Creative Research Management,Stockton,California,U.S.A.))。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,调味剂是以有效提供从约0.1ppm至约5,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的聚合物添加剂包括但不限于壳多糖、果胶、果胶、果胶质酸、聚糖醛酸、聚半乳糖醛酸、淀粉、食品水解胶体或其粗提取物(例如,塞内加尔阿拉伯树胶(阿拉伯胶树(FibergumTM)、塞伊阿拉伯树胶、鹿角菜胶)、聚-L-赖氨酸(例如,聚-L-α-赖氨酸或聚-L-ε-赖氨酸)、聚-L-鸟氨酸(例如,聚-L-α-鸟氨酸或聚-L-ε-鸟氨酸)、聚丙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚(乙二醇甲基醚)、聚精氨酸、聚天冬氨酸、聚谷氨酸、聚乙烯亚胺、海藻酸、海藻酸钠、海藻酸丙二醇酯、以及聚乙二醇海藻酸钠、六偏磷酸钠及其盐、以及其他阳离子聚合物和阴离子聚合物。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,聚合物是以有效提供从约30ppm至约2,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的蛋白质或蛋白质水解物添加剂包括但不限于牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、乳清蛋白(包括其级分或浓缩物,例如90%即溶乳清蛋白分离物、34%乳清蛋白、50%水解乳清蛋白和80%乳清蛋白浓缩物)、可溶性大米蛋白、大豆蛋白、蛋白质分离物、蛋白质水解物、蛋白质水解物的反应产物、糖蛋白和/或含有氨基酸(例如,甘氨酸、丙氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、正缬氨酸、甲硫氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、羟脯氨酸等)的蛋白聚糖、胶原蛋白(例如,明胶)、部分水解的胶原蛋白(例如,水解的鱼胶原蛋白)以及胶原蛋白水解产物(例如,猪胶原蛋白水解产物)。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,蛋白质水解物是以有效提供从约200ppm至约50,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的类黄酮添加剂被分为黄酮醇、黄酮、黄烷酮、黄烷-3-醇、异黄酮、或花色素。类黄酮添加剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于儿茶素(例如,绿茶提取物,如PolyphenonTM60、PolyphenonTM 30和PolyphenonTM 25(日本三川农林株式会社(Mitsui Norin Co.,Ltd.,Japan))、多酚、芦丁(例如,酶改性的芦丁SanmelinTM AO(日本大阪三荣源公株式会社(San-fi Gen F.F.I.,Inc.,Osaka,Japan))、新桔皮苷、柚皮苷、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮等。
当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,类黄酮添加剂是以有效提供从约0.1ppm至约1,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的着色剂包括但不局限于焦糖色素、天然色素诸如胭脂树红、胭脂虫红、甜菜红、姜黄、辣椒红、藏红色、番茄红素、接骨木汁(elderberry juice)、香兰(pandan)、黄色6号、黄色5号、红色40号、绿色3号以及蓝色1号。
适合的醇添加剂包括但不限于乙醇。在具体实施例中,当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,醇添加剂是以有效提供从约625ppm至约10,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的涩味化合物添加剂包括但不限于鞣酸、氯化铕(EuCl3)、氯化钆(GdCl3)、氯化铽(TbCl3)、明矾、鞣酸和多酚(例如,茶多酚)。当存在于可食用产品(例如像,饮料)中时,涩味添加剂是以有效提供从约10ppm至约5,000ppm的浓度的量存在。
适合的香精油包括但不限于芥子油、苦橙和甜橙、辣薄荷(menthe arvensis)、薄荷、杉木、柠檬、蓝桉、山苍树、丁香以及留兰香。
适合的抗真菌剂包括但不限于那他霉素、两性霉素、阿尼芬净、卡泊芬净、氟康唑、伊曲康唑、米卡芬净、泊沙康唑、伏立康唑以及氟胞嘧啶。
其他添加剂包括典型的饮料添加剂,即木松香甘油酯、椰子油、溴化植物油、角豆胶、蔗糖乙酸异丁酸盐、改性食品淀粉、葡萄糖酸锌以及维生素A棕榈酸酯。
示例性消费品包括但不限于可食用凝胶混合物和组合物、牙科组合物、食品(甜食、调味品、口香糖、谷物组合物、烘焙食品、乳制品、以及桌面甜味剂组合物)、饮料和饮料产品。
可食用产品还可以含有一种或多种功能性成分,所述功能性成分为产品提供了实际的或感知的健康益处。功能性成分包括但不限于抗氧化剂、膳食纤维源、脂肪酸、维生素、葡萄糖胺、矿物质、防腐剂、水合剂、益生菌、益生元、体重管理剂(weight managementagent)、骨质疏松症管理剂(osteoporosis management agent)、植物雌激素、长链脂肪族饱和伯醇、植物甾醇以及其组合。
抗氧化剂
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种抗氧化剂。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种抗氧化剂以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
如本文所用的“抗氧化剂”是指阻止、抑制或减少对细胞和生物分子的氧化损害的任何物质。不受理论的束缚,据信抗氧化剂通过稳定自由基(在它们可以引起有害反应之前)来阻止、抑制或减少对细胞或生物分子的氧化损害。这样,抗氧化剂可以防止或延迟一些变性疾病的发生。
用于本发明的实施例的适合抗氧化剂的实例包括但不限于维生素、维生素辅因子、矿物质、激素、类胡萝卜素、类胡萝卜素萜类、非类胡萝卜素萜类、类黄酮、类黄酮多酚(如生物类黄酮)、黄酮醇类、黄酮类、酚类、多酚、酚酯、多酚酯、非类黄酮酚类、异硫氰酸酯类及其组合。在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂是维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、泛醌、矿物质硒、锰、褪黑激素、α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、叶黄素、玉蜀黍黄素(zeanthin)、隐黄素(crypoxanthin)、白藜芦醇(reservatol)、丁子香酚、槲皮素、儿茶素、棉酚、橙皮素、姜黄素、阿魏酸、百里酚、羟基酪醇、姜黄、百里香、橄榄油、硫辛酸、谷胱甘肽(glutathinone)、谷氨酰胺(gutamine)、草酸、生育酚衍生化合物、丁基化羟基苯甲醚(BHA)、丁羟甲苯(BHT)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、叔丁基对苯二酚、乙酸、果胶、生育三烯酚、生育酚、辅酶Q10、玉米黄素、虾青素、斑蝥黄(canthaxantin)、皂苷、柠檬苦素、山柰酚(kaempfedrol)、杨梅酮、异鼠李素、原花色素、槲皮素、芦丁、木犀草素、芹菜素、红橘黄酮(tangeritin)、橙皮素、柚皮素、圣草酚(erodictyol)、黄烷-3-醇(例如,花青素)、没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素及其没食子酸酯形式、表没食子儿茶素及其没食子酸酯形式(ECGC)、茶黄素及其没食子酸酯形式、茶玉红精、异黄酮、植物雌激素、染料木黄酮、大豆黄素、黄豆黄素、花色素苷(anythocyanin)、氰化物(cyaniding)、飞燕草色素、锦葵花素、锦葵色素、锦葵色素、甲基花青素、矮牵牛素、鞣花酸、没食子酸、水杨酸、迷迭香酸、肉桂酸及其衍生物(例如,阿魏酸)、绿原酸、菊苣酸(chicoricacid)、五倍子鞣质、鞣花丹宁、花黄素、β-花青苷和其他植物颜料、水飞蓟素、柠檬酸、木酚素、抗营养素(antinutrient)、胆红素、尿酸、R-α-硫辛酸、N-乙酰半胱氨酸、油柑宁(emblicanin)、苹果提取物、苹果皮提取物(苹果多酚)、红路易波士提取物(rooibosextract red)、绿路易波士提取物(rooibos extract,green)、山楂果提取物、覆盆子提取物、生咖啡抗氧化剂(GCA)、野樱梅提取物20%、葡萄籽提取物(VinOseed)、可可豆提取物、啤酒花提取物、山竹果提取物、山竹果壳提取物、蔓越莓提取物、石榴提取物、石榴皮提取物、石榴籽提取物、山楂浆果提取物、波梅拉(pomella)石榴提取物、肉桂皮提取物、葡萄皮提取物、越桔提取物、松树皮提取物、碧萝芷、接骨木提取物、桑树根提取物、枸杞(gogi)提取物、黑莓提取物、蓝莓提取物、蓝莓叶提取物、树莓提取物、姜黄提取物、柑橘属生物类黄酮、黑醋栗、姜、巴西莓粉、生咖啡豆提取物、绿茶提取物以及植酸或其组合。在替代性实施例中,抗氧化剂是合成的抗氧化剂,例如像丁基化羟基甲苯或丁基化羟基苯甲醚。用于本发明的实施例的适合抗氧化剂的其他来源包括但不限于水果、蔬菜、茶、可可、巧克力、香辛料、药草、大米、来自家畜的器官肉类、酵母、全谷类(whole grain)或谷类(cereal grain)。
具体的抗氧化剂属于称为多元酚(也称为“多酚”)的植物营养素类,它是在植物中可见的一组化学物质,其特征在于每个分子存在超过一个酚基团。多种健康益处可以源于多元酚,例如包括预防癌症、心脏病以及慢性炎症并且提高脑力和体力。用于本发明的实施例的适合的多酚包括儿茶素、原花色素、原花青素、花青素、槲皮素、芦丁、白藜芦醇、异黄酮、姜黄素、安石榴苷、鞣花单宁、橙皮苷、柚皮苷、柑橘类黄酮、绿原酸、其他类似材料及其组合。
在具体实施例中,抗氧化剂是儿茶素,例如像表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)。用于本发明的实施例的儿茶素的适合来源包括但不限于绿茶、白茶、红茶、乌龙茶、巧克力、可可、红葡萄酒、葡萄籽、红葡萄皮、紫色葡萄皮、红葡萄汁、紫葡萄汁、浆果、碧萝芷和红苹果皮。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂选自原花色素、原花青素或其组合。用于本发明的实施例的原花色素和原花青素的适合来源包括但不限于红葡萄、紫色葡萄、可可、巧克力、葡萄籽、红葡萄酒、可可豆、蔓越莓、苹果皮、李子、蓝莓、黑醋栗、花楸果(choke berry)、绿茶、高粱、肉桂、大麦、红芸豆、黑白斑豆、啤酒花、杏仁、榛子、山核桃、阿月浑子果实、碧萝芷和彩莓。
在具体实施例中,抗氧化剂是花青素。用于本发明的实施例的花青素的适合来源包括但不限于红莓、蓝莓、越桔、蔓越莓、覆盆子、樱桃、石榴、草莓、接骨木、花楸果、红葡萄皮、紫葡萄皮、葡萄籽、红酒、黑醋栗、红醋栗、可可、李子、苹果皮、桃、红梨、红球甘蓝、红洋葱、红橙和黑莓。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂选自槲皮素、芦丁或其组合。用于本发明的实施例的槲皮素和芦丁的适合来源包括但不限于红苹果、洋葱、羽衣甘蓝、笃斯越桔、越橘、花楸果、蔓越莓、黑莓、蓝莓、草莓、覆盆子、黑醋栗、绿茶、红茶、李子、杏、欧芹、韭、西兰花、红辣椒、浆果酒和银杏。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂是白藜芦醇。用于本发明的实施例的白藜芦醇的适合来源包括但不限于红葡萄、花生、蔓越莓、蓝莓、越桔、桑葚、日本板取茶(Itadori tea)以及红葡萄酒。
在具体实施例中,抗氧化剂是异黄酮。用于本发明的实施例的异黄酮的适合来源包括但不限于大豆、大豆产物、豆科植物、苜蓿芽、鹰嘴豆、花生和红三叶草。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂是姜黄素。用于本发明的实施例的姜黄素的适合来源包括但不限于姜黄和芥末。
在具体实施例中,抗氧化剂选自槲皮素、鞣花单宁或其组合。用于本发明的实施例的槲皮素和鞣花单宁的适合来源包括但不限于石榴、覆盆子、草莓、胡桃和年代悠久的红葡萄酒。
在一些实施例中,抗氧化剂是柑橘类黄酮,诸如橙皮苷或柚皮苷。用于本发明的实施例的柑橘类黄酮诸如橙皮苷或柚皮苷的适合来源包括但不限于橙、葡萄柚以及柑橘果汁。
在具体实施例中,抗氧化剂是绿原酸。用于本发明的实施例的绿原酸的适合来源包括但不限于生咖啡、巴拉圭茶、红葡萄酒、葡萄籽、红葡萄皮、紫葡萄皮、红葡萄汁、紫葡萄汁、苹果汁、蔓越莓、石榴、蓝莓、草莓、向日葵、紫锥花、碧萝芷和苹果皮。
膳食纤维
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种膳食纤维源。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种膳食纤维以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
在组成和键合两方面具有显著不同的结构的多种聚合物碳水化合物落在膳食纤维的定义内。此类化合物是本领域技术人员熟知的,它们的非限制性实例包括非淀粉多糖、木质素、纤维素、甲基纤维素,半纤维素、β-葡聚糖、果胶、树胶、粘质、蜡、菊糖、寡糖、低聚果糖、环糊精、壳质及其组合。
多糖是由通过糖苷键连接的单糖构成的复合碳水化合物。非淀粉多糖与β键结合,人们由于缺乏破坏β键的酶而不能消化它们。相反地,可消化淀粉多糖通常包含α(1-4)键。
木质素是基于氧化苯丙烷单元的大的、高度支化且交联的聚合物。纤维素是通过β(1-4)键连接的葡萄糖分子的线性聚合物,哺乳动物淀粉酶不能水解它。甲基纤维素是通常在食品中用作增稠剂和乳化剂的一种纤维素甲酯。它是可商购获得的(例如,葛兰素史克公司(GlaxoSmithKline)销售的Citrucel、塞拉制药公司(Shire Pharmaceuticals)销售的Celevac)。半纤维素是高度支化的聚合物,主要由葡糖醛酸-和4-O-甲基葡糖醛酸木聚糖组成。β葡聚糖是主要在谷类诸如燕麦和大麦中可见的混合键(1-3)、(1-4)β-D-葡萄糖聚合物。果胶诸如β果胶是一组主要由D-半乳糖醛酸构成的多糖,所述D-半乳糖醛酸被甲氧基化至可变程度。
树胶和粘质代表广泛的一系列不同的支化的结构。源于瓜尔豆种子的磨细胚乳的瓜尔豆胶是半乳甘露聚糖。瓜尔豆胶是可商购获得的(例如,通过诺华公司(Novartis AG)销售的Benefiber)。其他树胶诸如阿拉伯胶和果胶也具有不同的结构。其他树胶还包括黄原胶、结冷胶、塔拉胶、车前子籽壳树胶(psylium seed husk gum)以及刺槐豆胶。
蜡是乙二醇和两种脂肪酸的酯,通常作为不溶于水的疏水性液体存在。
菊糖包括属于被称为果聚糖的一类碳水化合物的天然存在的寡糖。它们通常是由通过具有末端葡萄糖单元的β-(2-1)糖苷键连接的果糖单元组成。寡糖是典型地含有三个至六个组分糖的糖聚合物。它们通常被发现O-连接或N-连接到蛋白质中的相容性氨基酸侧链或脂质分子。低聚果糖是由短链果糖分子组成的寡糖。
环糊精是一个由α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷单元组成的环状寡糖家族。它们可以通过酶促转化由淀粉生产。α-环糊精是一种六糖环分子,并且β-环糊精和γ-环糊精分别具有七个和八个糖环分子。非环状糊精被称为麦芽糊精并且通常是容易通过人消化的。耐消化麦芽糊精是可商购获得的(例如,通过ADM销售的Fibersol-2)。
膳食纤维的食物来源包括但不限于谷物、豆类、水果和蔬菜。提供膳食纤维的谷物包括但不限于燕麦、黑麦、大麦、小麦。提供纤维的豆类包括但不限于豌豆和菜豆诸如大豆。提供纤维来源的水果和蔬菜包括但不限于苹果、橙、梨、香蕉、浆果、西红柿、青豆、西兰花、花椰菜、胡萝卜、马铃薯、芹菜。植物性食物诸如麸、坚果和种子(诸如亚麻籽)也是膳食纤维来源。提供膳食纤维的植物部分包括但不限于茎、根、叶、种子、果肉和皮。
尽管膳食纤维通常源于植物来源,但是难消化动物产物诸如壳质也被分类为膳食纤维。壳质是由通过与纤维素键类似的β(1-4)键连接的乙酰基葡萄糖胺单元组成的多糖。
膳食纤维来源通常基于其在水中的溶解度而被分成可溶性纤维类和不可溶性纤维类。可溶性纤维和不可溶性纤维二者根据植物特征而在不同程度上可见于植物性食物中。尽管不可溶于水中,不溶性纤维具有有助于增加体积、使粪便软化并缩短粪便固体通过肠道的通过时间的被动亲水性特征。
与不可溶性纤维不同,可溶性纤维容易溶解于水中。可溶性纤维通过在结肠内发酵而经受主动代谢过程,从而增加结肠菌群并且从而增加粪便固体的质量。通过结肠细菌发酵纤维还产生具有显著健康益处的终产物。例如,食物质量的发酵产生气体和短链脂肪酸。在发酵过程中产生的酸包括具有不同的有利特性的丁酸、乙酸、丙酸、以及戊酸,这些特性是如通过作用于胰腺胰岛素释放来稳定血糖水平以及通过糖原降解提供肝对照。另外,纤维发酵可以通过降低肝脏的胆固醇合成并且减小血液LDL和甘油三酯水平来减少动脉粥样硬化。在发酵过程中产生的酸降低了结肠pH,从而保护结肠粘膜免于形成癌症息肉。降低的结肠pH还增加了矿物质吸收,提高结肠粘膜层的阻隔特性,并且抑制了炎症和粘附刺激。纤维的发酵还可以通过刺激产生T辅助型细胞、抗体、白细胞、脾细胞、细胞分裂素以及淋巴细胞来有利于免疫系统。
脂肪酸
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种脂肪酸。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种脂肪酸以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
如本文所用,“脂肪酸”是指任何直链单羧酸并且包括饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、长链脂肪酸、中链脂肪酸、短链脂肪酸、脂肪酸前体(包括ω-9脂肪酸前体)和酯化脂肪酸。如本文所用,“长链多元不饱和脂肪酸”是指具有长脂肪族尾部的任何多元不饱和羧酸或有机酸。如本文所用,“ω-3脂肪酸”是指其第一个双键作为从碳链的末端甲基端起的第三个碳碳键的任何多元不饱和脂肪酸。在具体实施例中,ω-3脂肪酸可以包括长链ω-3脂肪酸。如本文所用的,“ω-6脂肪酸”是指其第一个双键作为从碳链的末端甲基端起的第六个碳碳键的任何多元不饱和脂肪酸。
用于本发明的实施例中的适合的ω-3脂肪酸可以源于例如藻类、鱼、动物、植物或其组合。适合的ω-3脂肪酸的实例包括但不限于亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、十八碳四烯酸、二十碳四烯酸及其组合。在一些实施例中,适合的ω-3脂肪酸可在鱼油(例如鲱鱼油、金枪鱼油、鲑鱼油、鲣鱼油和鳕鱼油)、微藻类ω-3油或其组合中提供。在具体实施例中,适合的ω-3脂肪酸可以源于市售ω-3脂肪酸油,诸如微藻DHA油(来自马里兰州哥伦比亚的马泰克公司(Martek,Columbia,MD)、OmegaPure(来自德克萨斯州休斯顿的ω-蛋白公司(Omega Protein,Houston,TX))、屈大麻酚(Marinol)C-38(来自伊利诺州长纳霍的脂类营养公司(Lipid Nutrition,Channahon,IL))、鲣鱼油和MEG-3(来自新斯科舍省达特茅斯的海洋营养公司(Ocean Nutrition,Dartmouth,NS))、Evogel(来自德国霍尔茨明登的德之馨公司(Symrise,Holzminden,Germany))、来自金枪鱼或鲑鱼的海洋油(来自康涅狄格州威尔顿的阿里斯塔公司(Arista Wilton,CT))、OmegaSource 2000、来自鲱鱼的海洋油和来自鳕鱼的海洋油(来自北卡罗来纳州研究三角区的ω资源公司(OmegaSource,RTP,NC))。
适合的ω-6脂肪酸包括但不限于亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸、二高-γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳二烯酸、二十二碳二烯酸、肾上腺酸、二十二碳五烯酸及其组合。
用于本发明的实施例的适合的酯化脂肪酸可以包括但不限于含有ω-3和/或ω-6脂肪酸的单酰基甘油、含有ω-3和/或ω-6脂肪酸的二酰基甘油或者含有ω-3和/或ω-6脂肪酸的三酰基甘油及其组合。
维生素
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种维生素。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种维生素以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
维生素是人体需要少量来发挥正常功能的有机化合物。身体使用维生素而不会破坏它们,与其他营养物诸如碳水化合物和蛋白质不同。迄今为止,已认识十三种维生素,并且一种或多种可以用于本文的甜味化的组合物中。适合的维生素包括维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素B7、维生素B9、维生素B12、和维生素C。很多维生素还具有替代性化学名,以下提供了它们的非限制性实例。
多种其他化合物已被一些官方分类为维生素。这些化合物可以被称为假维生素,并且包括但不限于诸如泛醌(辅酶Q10)、潘氨酸、二甲基甘氨酸、taestrile、苦杏仁苷、类黄酮、对-氨基苯甲酸、腺嘌呤、腺苷酸和s-甲基甲硫氨酸等的化合物。如本文所用,术语维生素包括假维生素。
在一些实施例中,维生素选自维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K及其组合的脂溶性维生素。
在其他实施例中,维生素选自维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B3、维生素B6、维生素B12、叶酸、生物素、泛酸、维生素C及其组合的水溶性维生素。
葡萄糖胺
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是葡萄糖胺。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,葡萄糖胺以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
葡萄糖胺(也称为壳糖胺)是被视为在糖基化蛋白质和脂质的生物化学合成中的重要前体的氨基糖。D-葡萄糖胺以葡萄糖胺-6-磷酸酯形式天然地存在于软骨中,它是由果糖-6-磷酸酯和谷氨酰胺合成的。然而,葡萄糖胺还可以其他形式获得,其非限制性实例包括盐酸葡萄糖胺、硫酸葡萄糖胺、N-乙酰基-葡萄糖胺或任何其他盐形式或其组合。葡萄糖胺可以是使用本领域普通技术人员已熟知的方法通过酸水解龙虾、蟹、小虾或对虾的壳来获得。在一个具体实施例中,葡萄糖胺可以是源于含有壳质的真菌生物质,如美国专利公开号2006/0172392所述的。
甜味化的组合物可以进一步包含硫酸软骨素。
矿物质
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种矿物质。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种矿物质以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
根据本发明的传授内容,矿物质包括生物体所需要的无机化学元素。矿物质由广泛范围的组合物(例如,元素、简单的盐和复合硅酸盐)组成并且晶体结构也广泛不同。它们可以天然地出现于食物和饮料中,可以作为补充剂添加,或者可以与食物或饮料分开地食用或给予。
矿物质可以被分类为相对大量需要的主体矿物质(bulk mineral)或相对小量需要的微量矿物质。主体矿物质通常每天需要大于或等于约100mg的量而微量矿物质是每天需要小于约100mg的量的那些矿物质。
在本发明的具体实施例中,矿物质选自主体矿物质、微量矿物质或其组合。主体矿物质的非限制性实例包括钙、氯、镁、磷、钾、钠和硫。微量矿物质的非限制性实例包括铬、钴、铜、氟、铁、锰、钼、硒、锌和碘。尽管碘通常被分类为微量矿物质,但是它需要比其他微量矿物质更大的量并且常常被分类为主体矿物质。
在本发明的其他具体实施例中,矿物质是被认为对于人类营养所必需的微量矿物质,其非限制性实例包括铋、硼、锂、镍、铷、硅、锶、碲、锡、钛、钨和钒。
本文呈现的矿物质可以呈本领域普通技术人员已知的任何形式。例如,在一个具体实施例中,矿物质可以呈其具有正电荷或负电荷的离子形式。在另一个具体实施例中,矿物质可以呈其分子形式。例如,硫和磷通常天然地作为硫酸盐、硫化物和磷酸盐存在。
防腐剂
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种防腐剂。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种防腐剂以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
在本发明的具体实施例中,防腐剂选自抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、抗酶剂或其组合。抗微生物剂的非限制性实例包括亚硫酸盐、丙酸盐、苯甲酸盐、山梨酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、细菌素、盐、糖、乙酸、二碳酸二甲酯(DMDC)、乙醇和臭氧。
根据一个具体实施例,防腐剂是亚硫酸盐。亚硫酸盐包括但不限于二氧化硫、亚硫酸氢钠和亚硫酸氢钾。
根据另一个具体实施例,防腐剂是丙酸盐。丙酸盐包括但不限于丙酸、丙酸钙和丙酸钠。
根据又一个具体实施例,防腐剂是苯甲酸盐。苯甲酸盐包括但不限于苯甲酸钠和苯甲酸。
在另一个具体实施例,防腐剂是山梨酸盐。山梨酸盐包括但不限于山梨酸钾、山梨酸钠、山梨酸钙和山梨酸。
在又一个具体实施例中,防腐剂是硝酸盐和/或亚硝酸盐。硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐包括但不限于硝酸钠和亚硝酸钠。
在又一个具体实施例中,所述至少一种防腐剂是细菌素,例如像尼生素。
在另一个具体实施例中,防腐剂是乙醇。
在又一个具体实施例中,防腐剂是臭氧。
适合用作本发明的具体实施例中的防腐剂的抗酶剂的非限制性实例包括抗坏血酸、柠檬酸和金属螯合剂诸如乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)。
水合剂
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种水合剂。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种水合剂以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
水合产物有助于身体替换通过排泄损失的体液。例如,体液作为汗液损失以便调节体温,作为尿液损失以便排泄废物,以及作为水蒸气损失以便交换肺内的气体。体液损失还可以由于广泛范围的外部原因而出现,这些外部原因的非限制性实例包括身体活动、暴露于干燥空气、腹泻、呕吐、高热、休克、失血和血压过低。引起体液损失的疾病包括糖尿病、霍乱、胃肠炎、志贺菌病和黄热病。引起体液损失的营养失调形式包括过量饮酒、电解质不平衡、禁食和快速体重减轻。
在一个具体实施例中,水合产物是帮助身体替换在排泄过程中损失的体液的组合物。因此,在一个具体实施例中,水合产物是电解质,其非限制性实例包括钠、钾、钙、镁、氯化物、磷酸盐、碳酸氢盐及其组合。在美国专利号5,681,569中也描述了用于本发明的具体实施例中的适合电解质,所述专利的披露内容明确地通过援引并入本文。在具体实施例中,电解质从其相应水溶性盐中获得。用于具体实施例中的盐的非限制性实例包括氯化物、碳酸盐、硫酸盐、乙酸盐、碳酸氢盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、酒石酸盐、山梨酸盐、柠檬酸盐、苯甲酸盐或其组合。在其他实施例中,电解质通过果汁、果实提取物、蔬菜提取物、茶或茶提取物提供。
在本发明的具体实施例中,水合产物是补充肌肉所燃烧的能量存储的碳水化合物。在美国专利号4,312,856、4,853,237、5,681,569和6,989,171中描述了用于本发明的具体实施例中的适合碳水化合物,所述专利的披露内容明确地通过援引并入本文。适合碳水化合物的非限制性实例包括单糖、二糖、寡糖、复合多糖或其组合。用于具体实施例中的适合类型的单糖的非限制性实例包括丙糖、丁糖、戊糖、己糖、庚糖、辛糖和壬糖。特定类型的适合单糖的非限制性实例包括甘油醛、二羟基丙酮、赤藓糖、苏阿糖、赤藓酮糖、阿拉伯糖、来苏糖、核糖、木糖、核酮糖、木酮糖、阿洛糖、阿卓糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、古洛糖、艾杜糖、甘露糖、塔洛糖、果糖、阿洛酮糖、山梨糖、塔格糖、甘露庚酮糖、景天庚酮糖(sedoheltulose)、辛酮糖(octolose)和唾液糖(sialose)。适合二糖的非限制性实例包括蔗糖、乳糖和麦芽糖。适合寡糖的非限制性实例包括蔗糖、麦芽三糖和麦芽糖糊精。在其他具体实施例中,碳水化合物通过玉米糖浆、甜菜糖、甘蔗糖、果汁或茶提供。
在另一个具体实施例中,水合是提供细胞再水合的黄烷醇。黄烷醇是存在于植物中的一类天然物质,并且通常包括附接到一个或多个化学部分的2-苯基苯并吡喃酮分子骨架。用于本发明的具体实施例中的适合黄烷醇的非限制性实例包括儿茶素、表儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素3-没食子酸酯、茶黄素、茶黄素3-没食子酸酯、茶黄素3’-没食子酸酯、茶黄素3,3’-没食子酸酯、茶红素或其组合。黄烷醇的若干种常见来源包括茶树、果实、蔬菜和花。在优选的实施例中,黄烷醇从绿茶中提取。
在一个具体实施例中,水合产物是增强运动耐力的甘油溶液。含有甘油的溶液的摄取已显示提供多种有利的生理作用,诸如扩大的血容量、降低的心率和降低的直肠温度。
益生菌/益生元
在某些实施例中,功能性成分选自至少一种益生菌、益生元及其组合。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种益生菌、益生元或其组合以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
根据本发明的传授内容,益生菌包括在以有效量食用时有利于健康的微生物。理想地,益生菌有利地影响人体天然存在的胃肠道微生物区系并且赋予除营养之外的健康益处。益生菌可以包括而不限于细菌、酵母和真菌。
根据具体实施例,益生菌是有利地影响人体天然存在的胃肠道微生物区系并赋予除营养之外的健康益处的有利的微生物。益生菌的实例包括但不限于给予对人的有利作用的乳酸杆菌(Lactobacilli)属、双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteria)属、链球菌(Streptococci)属或其组合的细菌。
在本发明的具体实施例中,所述至少一种益生菌选自乳酸杆菌属。乳酸杆菌(即,乳酸杆菌属细菌,下文称为“L.”)已持续几百年用作食物方法并且用于促进人体健康。人胃肠道内可见的乳酸杆菌种类的非限制性实例包括嗜酸乳杆菌(L.acidophilus)、干酪乳杆菌(L.casei)、发酵乳杆菌(L.fermentum)、唾液乳杆菌(L.saliva roes)、短乳杆菌(L.brevis)、赖氏乳杆菌(L.leichmannii)、植物乳杆菌(L.plantarum)、纤维二糖乳杆菌(L.cellobiosus)、罗伊氏乳杆菌(L.reuteri)、鼠李糖乳杆菌(L.rhamnosus)、GG乳杆菌(L.GG)、保加利亚乳杆菌(L.bulgaricus)、以及嗜热乳酸菌(L.thermophilus)。
根据本发明的其他具体实施例,益生菌选自双歧杆菌属。也已知双歧杆菌通过碳水化合物代谢产生短链脂肪酸(例如,乙酸、丙酸和丁酸)、乳酸和甲酸来发挥对于人健康的有利影响。在人胃肠道中可见的双歧杆菌的非限制性种类包括婴儿双歧杆菌(B.angulatum)、动物双歧杆菌(B.animalis)、海星纲双歧杆菌(B.asteroides)、双叉双歧杆菌(B.bifidum)、布姆双歧杆菌(B.boum)、短双歧杆菌(B.breve)、链状双歧杆菌(B.catenulatum)、小猪双歧杆菌(B.choerinum)、棒状双岐杆菌(B.coryneforme)、串孔双歧杆菌(B.cuniculi)、齿双歧杆菌(B.dentium)、高卢氏双歧杆菌(B.gallicum)、鸡胚双歧杆菌(B.gallinarum)、野菊双歧杆菌(B indicum)、长双歧杆菌(B.longum)、玛格南双歧杆菌(B.magnum)、瘤胃双歧杆菌(B.merycicum)、最小双歧杆菌(B.minimum)、伪链状双歧杆菌(B.pseudocatenulatum)、伪长双歧杆菌(B.pseudolongum)、B.psychraerophilum、雏双歧杆菌(B.pullorum)、反刍兽双歧杆菌(B.ruminantium)、波伦亚双歧杆菌(B.saeculare)、B.scardovii、猿双歧杆菌(B.simiae)、微秒双歧杆菌(B.subtile)、B.thermacidophilum、嗜热双歧杆菌(B.thermophilum)、尿路双歧杆菌(B.urinalis)、以及双歧杆菌某种。
根据本发明的其他具体实施例,益生菌选自链球菌属。嗜热链球菌是一种格兰阳性兼性厌氧菌。它被分类为乳酸细菌并通常见于奶和奶制品中,且用于生产酸奶。此细菌的其他非限制性益生菌种类包括唾液链球菌(Streptococcus salivarus)和乳脂链球菌(Streptococcus cremoris)。
可以根据本发明使用的益生菌是本领域技术人员熟知的。包含益生菌的食品的非限制性实例包括酸乳、德国泡菜、克非尔(kefir)、韩国泡菜、发酵的蔬菜以及含有通过改善肠内微平衡来有利地影响宿主动物的微生物元素的其他食品。
根据本发明的传授内容,益生元是促进有利细菌在肠内的生长的组合物。益生元物质可以被相关益生菌消耗,或者另外有助于保持相关益生菌存活或者刺激其生长。当以有效量消耗时,益生菌还有利地影响人体的天然存在的胃肠微生物区系并因此赋予除仅营养之外的健康益处。益生元食物进入结肠并且用作内生菌的底物,从而间接提供能量、代谢底物和必需微量营养素给宿主。身体对益生元食物的消化和吸收取决于细菌代谢活性,这可以让宿主从未被小肠消化和吸收的营养物中利用能量。
根据本发明的实施例,益生元包括而不限于粘多糖、寡糖、多糖、氨基酸、维生素、营养物前体、蛋白质及其组合。
根据本发明的一个具体实施例,益生元选自膳食纤维,包括而不限于多糖和寡糖。这些化合物具有增加益生菌数量的能力,这产生由这些益生菌给予的益处。根据本发明的具体实施例被分类为益生元的寡糖的非限制性实例包括低聚果糖、菊糖、低聚异麦芽糖、乳糖醇(lactilol)、低聚乳果糖、乳糖-寡糖、含岩藻糖的寡糖、乳果糖、焦糊精、大豆寡糖、低聚反式半乳糖和低聚木糖。
根据本发明的其他具体实施例,益生元是氨基酸。尽管多种已知的益生元发生分解为益生菌提供碳水化合物,但是一些益生菌也需要氨基酸来提供养分。
益生元天然地存在于多种食物中,这些食物包括而不限于香蕉、浆果、芦笋、大蒜、小麦、燕麦、大麦(以及其他全谷类)、亚麻籽、番茄、洋姜、洋葱和菊苣、菜叶(green)(例如,蒲公英嫩叶、菠菜、羽衣甘蓝叶、甜菜、无头甘蓝、芥菜叶、芜菁叶)以及豆类(例如,小扁豆、云豆、鹰嘴豆、海军豆、白豆、黑豆)。
体重管理剂
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种体重管理剂。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种体重管理剂以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
如本文所用,“体重管理剂”包括食欲抑制剂和/或生热作用剂。如本文所用,短语“食欲抑制剂”、“食欲饱腹组合物”、“饱腹剂”和“饱腹成分”同义。短语“食欲抑制剂”描述了当以有效量递送时抑制、禁止、减少或以其他方式缩减人的食欲的大量营养素、草本植物提取物、外源性激素、减食欲药、食欲不振药、药物及其组合。短语“生热作用剂”描述了当以有效量递送时刺激或以其他方式增强人的生热作用或代谢的大量营养素、草本植物提取物、外源性激素、减食欲药、食欲不振药、药物及其组合。
适合的体重管理剂包括选自下组的大量营养素,该组由以下各项组成:蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食脂肪及其组合。蛋白质、碳水化合物和膳食脂肪的消耗刺激了具有食欲抑制作用的肽的释放。例如,蛋白质和膳食脂肪的消耗刺激了胃肠激素胆囊收缩素(CCK)的释放,而碳水化合物和膳食脂肪的消耗刺激了胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)的释放。
适合的大量营养素体重管理剂还包括碳水化合物。碳水化合物通常包括被身体转化成用于能量的葡萄糖的糖、淀粉、纤维素和树胶。碳水化合物通常被分成两类:可消化碳水化合物(例如,单糖、二糖和淀粉)和不可消化碳水化合物(例如,膳食纤维)。研究已显示在小肠内不可消化的碳水化合物和具有降低的吸收和消化性的复合聚合物碳水化合物刺激抑制食物摄取的生理反应。因此,本文呈现的碳水化合物理想地包括不可消化的碳水化合物或具有降低的消化性的碳水化合物。此类碳水化合物的非限制性实例包括聚葡萄糖;菊糖;单糖衍生的多元醇如赤藓糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇和山梨糖醇;二糖衍生的醇如异麦芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇和麦芽糖醇;以及氢化淀粉水解产物。下文更详细地描述碳水化合物。
在另一个具体实施例中,体重管理剂是膳食脂肪。膳食脂肪是包含饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的组合的脂质。多元不饱和脂肪酸已显示具有比单不饱和脂肪酸更大的饱腹能力。因此,本文呈现的膳食脂肪理想地包括多元不饱和脂肪酸,其非限制性实例包括三酰基甘油。
在一个具体实施例中,体重管理剂是草本提取物。来自多种类型的植物的提取物已被认定为具有食欲抑制特性。其提取物具有食欲抑制特性的植物的非限制性实例包括火地亚(Hoodia)属、亚罗汉(Trichocaulon)属、水牛掌(Caralluma)属、豹皮花(Stapelia)属、奥贝亚(Orbea)属、马利筋(Asclepias)属以及山茶花(Camelia)属的植物。其他实施例包括源于匙羹藤(Gymnema Sylvestre)、可乐果(Kola Nut)、酸橙(Citrus Auran tium)、巴拉圭茶(Yerba Mate)、加纳谷物(Griffonia Simplicifolia)、瓜拉那(Guarana)、没药(myrrh)、香胶树脂质(guggul Lipid)和黑醋栗籽油(black current seed oil)的提取物。
草本提取物可以由任何类型的植物材料或植物生物质制备。植物材料和生物质的非限制性实例包括茎、根、叶、从植物材料中获得的干燥粉末,以及树液或干燥树液。草本提取物通常通过从植物中提取树液然后对树液进行喷雾干燥而制备。替代地,可以使用溶剂提取程序。在初始提取之后,可能希望进一步分馏初始提取物(例如,通过柱色谱法),以便获得具有增强的活性的草本植物提取物。此类技术是本领域普通技术人员熟知的。
在一个具体实施例中,草本提取物是源于火地亚属的植物,火地亚属的种类包括H.alstonii、H.currorii、H.dregei、火地亚黄花(H.flava)、火地亚仙人掌(H.gordonii)、H.jutatae、H.mossamedensis、火地亚地榆(H.officinalis)、H.parviflorai、火地亚同瓣草(H.pedicellata)、H.pilifera、H.ruschii、以及H.triebneri。火地亚属植物是原产自南非的肉茎植物。称为P57的火地亚属的甾醇糖苷据信是火地亚属种的食欲抑制剂作用的原因。
在另一个具体实施例中,草本提取物是源于水牛掌(Caralluma)属植物,水牛掌属的种类包括印度仙人掌(C.indica)、C.fimbriata、C.attenuate、构叶仙人掌(C.tuberculata)、鸡蛋果仙人掌(C.edulis)、小叶仙人掌(C.adscendens)、C.stalagmifera、伞状花仙人掌(C.umbellate)、C.penicillata、C.russeliana、C.retrospicens、C.Arabica、以及C.lasiantha。水牛掌植物属于与火地亚属相同的亚科即萝摩科。水牛掌是原产自印度的具有医学特性如食欲抑制的矮小直立并且肉质的植物,这些医学特性通常是归因于属于糖苷孕烷组的糖苷,这些糖苷的非限制性实例包括瘤水牛掌糖苷(caratuberside)A、瘤水牛掌糖苷B、布塞洛糖苷(bouceroside)I、布塞洛糖苷II、布塞洛糖苷III、布塞洛糖苷IV、布塞洛糖苷V、布塞洛糖苷VI、布塞洛糖苷VII、布塞洛糖苷VIII、布塞洛糖苷IX和布塞洛糖苷X。
在另一个具体实施例中,所述至少一种草本植物提取物是源于亚罗汉属植物。亚罗汉属植物是通常原产自南非的肉质植物,与火地亚属类似,并且包括摩耶夫人(T.piliferum)和T.officinale。
在另一个具体实施例中,草本植物提取物源于豹皮花属或奥贝亚属植物,它们的种类分别包括长须地毯海葵(S.gigantean)和杂色豹皮花(O.variegate)。豹皮花属和奥贝亚属植物二者属于与火地亚属相同的子族萝摩科。在不受任何理论约束的情况下,认为表现出食欲抑制活性的这些化合物是皂苷,如孕甾苷,它们包括stavaroside A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J、以及K。
在另一个具体实施例中,草本植物提取物源于马利筋属植物。马利筋属植物也属于萝摩科族植物。马利筋属植物的非限制性实例包括沼泽乳草(A.incarnate)、黄冠马利筋(A.curassayica)、叙利亚马利筋(A.syriaca)、以及柳叶马利筋(A.tuberose)。不希望受任何理论的束缚,据信这些提取物包含具有食欲抑制作用的甾族化合物,诸如孕烷糖苷和孕烷苷元。
在一个具体实施例中,体重管理剂是具有体重管理作用的外源性激素。此类激素的非限制性实例包括CCK、肽YY、胃饥饿素、铃蟾肽和胃泌素释放肽(GRP)、肠抑素、载脂蛋白A-IV、GLP-1、淀粉不溶素、体抑素(somastatin)和瘦素。
在另一个实施例中,体重管理剂是药物。非限制性实例包括苯丁胺、二乙胺苯酮、苯甲曲秦、西布曲明、利莫那班、胃泌酸调节素、盐酸氟西汀、麻黄碱、苯乙胺或其他刺激物。
所述至少一种体重管理剂可以单独地或组合地用作本发明中所提供的甜味化的组合物的功能性成分。
骨质疏松症管理剂
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种骨质疏松症管理剂物。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种骨质疏松症管理剂以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
骨质疏松症是骨强度受到损害的的骨骼病症,导致骨折风险增加。通常,骨质疏松症的特征在于骨矿物质密度(BMD)的减小、骨微结构的破坏以及骨内非胶原蛋白的量和种类的改变。
在某些实施例中,骨质疏松症管理剂是至少一种钙源。根据一个具体实施例,钙源是含有钙的任何化合物,包括钙的盐络合物、溶解物质和其他形式。钙源的非限制性实例包括氨基酸螯合钙、碳酸钙、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、硫酸钙、氯化钙、磷酸钙、磷酸氢钙、磷酸二氢钙、柠檬酸钙、苹果酸钙、柠檬酸苹果酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙、酒石酸钙、乳酸钙、其溶解物质及其组合。
根据一个具体实施例,骨质疏松症管理剂是一种镁源。镁源是含有镁的任何化合物,包括镁的盐络合物、溶解物质和其他形式。镁源的非限制性实例包括氯化镁、柠檬酸镁、葡庚糖酸镁、葡糖酸镁、氢氧化镁、吡啶甲酸镁、硫酸镁、其溶解物质以及其混合物。在另一个具体实施例中,镁源包括氨基酸螯合镁或肌酸螯合镁。
在其他实施例中,骨质疏松症剂选自维生素D、C、K、其前体和/或β-胡萝卜素及其组合。
多种植物和植物提取物也已被认定为对于防止和治疗骨质疏松症是有效的。在不希望受任何理论约束的情况下,认为这些植物和植物提取物刺激了成骨蛋白和/或抑制了骨再吸收,从而促进骨再生和强度。作为骨质疏松症管理剂的适合植物和植物提取物的非限制性实例包括如美国专利公开号2005/0106215中所披露的蒲公英属(Taraxacum)和唐棣属(Amelanchier)种类、以及如美国专利公开号2005/0079232所披露的山胡椒属(Lindera)、艾属(Artemisia)、菖蒲属(Acorus)、红花属(Carthamus)、葛缕子属(Carum)、蛇床属(Cnidium)、姜黄属(Curcuma)、莎草属(Cyperus)、刺柏属(Juniperus)、李属(Prunus)、鸢尾花属(Iris)、菊苣属(Cichorium)、坡柳属(Dodonaea)、淫羊藿属(Epimedium)、绒毛属(Erigonoum)、大豆属(Soya)、薄荷属(Mentha)、罗勒属(Ocimum)、百里香属(thymus)、菊蒿属(Tanacetum)、车前属(Plantago)、留兰香属(Spearmint)、红木属(Bixa)、葡萄属(Vitis)、迷迭香属(Rosemarinus)、漆树属(Rhus)、以及莳萝属(Anethum)的种类。
植物雌激素
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种植物雌激素。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种植物雌激素以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
植物雌激素是在植物中发现的化合物,它们典型地可以通过摄取具有这些植物雌激素的植物或植物部分而递送到人体中。如本文所用,“植物雌激素”指的是当引入到身体内时引起任何程度的雌激素样作用的任何物质。例如,植物雌激素可以结合身体内的雌激素受体并且具有小的雌激素样作用。
用于本发明的实施例的适合植物雌激素的实例包括但不限于,异黄酮、芪类、木酚素、雷琐酸内酯(resorcyclic acid lactone)、香豆素、香豆雌醇(coumestan)、香豆雌酚(coumestroI)、雌马酚及其组合。适合的植物雌激素的来源包括但不限于全谷类、谷物、纤维、水果、蔬菜、黑升麻、龙舌兰根、黑醋栗、樱叶荚卓、圣洁莓、痉挛树皮、当归根、魔鬼爪(devil's club)根、假独角兽根(false unicorn root)、人参根、地梁草、甘草汁、活根草、益母草、牡丹根、覆盆子叶、蔷薇科植物、鼠尾草叶、洋菝契根、塞润榈籽、野生山药根、开花蓍草、豆科植物、大豆、大豆产品(例如,味噌、大豆粉、豆奶、大豆坚果、大豆蛋白质分离物、马来豆酵饼(tempen)、或豆腐)、鹰嘴豆、坚果、小扁豆、种子、三叶草、红三叶草、蒲公英叶、蒲公英根、胡芦巴籽、绿茶、啤酒花、红葡萄酒、亚麻仁、大蒜、洋葱、亚麻籽、琉璃苣、块根马利筋(butterfly weed)、葛缕子、女贞子树(chaste tree)、牡荆、大枣、莳萝、茴香籽、雷公根、水飞蓟、唇萼薄荷、石榴、青蒿、豆粉、艾菊、葛藤根(葛根)等及其组合。
异黄酮属于称为多元酚的植物营养素组。通常,多元酚(也称为“多酚类”)是在植物中发现的一组化学物质,其特征在于每个分子存在超过一个酚基团。
根据本发明的实施例的适合植物雌激素异黄酮包括染料木黄酮、黄豆苷元、黄豆黄素、鹰嘴豆素A、芒柄花黄素、其各自天然存在的糖苷和糖苷缀合物、马台树脂醇、开环异落叶松脂素、肠内二酯、肠二醇、植物组织蛋白以及其组合。
用于本发明的实施例的异黄酮的适合来源包括但不限于大豆、大豆产物、豆科植物、苜蓿芽、鹰嘴豆、花生和红三叶草。
长链伯脂肪族饱和醇
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种长链脂肪族饱和伯醇。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种长链脂肪族饱和伯醇以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
长链脂肪族饱和伯醇是不同组的有机化合物。术语“醇”是指以下事实:这些化合物的特征是结合到碳原子上的羟基基团(-OH)。术语伯是指以下事实:在这些化合物中,羟基基团所结合的碳原子仅与一个另外的碳原子结合。术语饱和是指以下事实:这些化合物的特征是没有碳碳π键。术语脂肪族是指以下事实:在这些化合物中的碳原子一起连接在直链或支链中而不是环中。术语长链是指以下事实:在这些化合物中的碳原子数目是至少8个碳。
用于本发明的具体实施例的具体长链脂肪族饱和伯醇的非限制性实例包括8碳原子1-辛醇、9碳1-壬醇、10碳原子1-癸醇、12碳原子1-十二烷醇、14碳原子1-十四烷醇、16碳原子1-十六烷醇、18碳原子1-十八烷醇、20碳原子1-二十烷醇、22碳1-二十二烷醇、24碳1-二十四烷醇、26碳1-二十六烷醇、27碳1-二十七烷醇、28碳1-二十八烷醇(octanosol)、29碳1-二十九烷醇、30碳1-三十烷醇、32碳1-三十二烷醇、以及34碳1-三十四烷醇。
在本发明的一个特别理想的实施例中,长链脂肪族饱和伯醇是普利醇。普利醇是关于主要由以下成分组成的长链脂肪族饱和伯醇的混合物的术语:28碳1-二十八烷醇和30碳1-三十烷醇以及较低浓度的其他醇如22碳1-二十二烷醇、24碳1-二十四烷醇、26碳1-二十六烷醇、27碳1-二十七烷醇、29碳1-二十九烷醇、32碳1-三十二烷醇和34碳1-三十四烷醇。
长链脂肪族饱和伯醇是源于天然脂肪和油。它们可以是通过使用本领域普通技术人员已熟知的提取技术从这些来源中获得的。普利醇可以是从多种植物和材料中分离的,包括甘蔗(秀贵甘蔗(Saccharum officinarium))、山药(例如,怀山药(Dioscoreaopposite))、大米麸(例如,亚洲栽培稻(Oryza sativa))、以及蜂蜡。普利醇可以是通过使用本领域普通技术人员已熟知的提取技术从这些来源中获得的。此类提取技术的描述可见于美国专利申请号2005/0220868中,所述专利申请的披露内容明确地通过援引并入。
植物甾醇
在某些实施例中,功能性成分是至少一种植物甾醇、植物甾烷醇或其组合。通常,根据本发明的具体实施例,所述至少一种植物甾醇、植物甾烷醇或其组合以足以促进健康和保健的量存在于可食用产品(例如,饮料)中。
如本文所用,短语“甾烷醇”、“植物甾烷醇(plant stanol)”和“植物甾烷醇(phytostanol)”同义。
植物甾醇和甾烷醇天然少量地存在于许多水果、蔬菜、坚果、种子、谷物、豆类、植物油、树皮和其他植物来源中。尽管人们每天正常消耗植物甾醇和甾烷醇,但是所消耗的量不足以具有显著的降胆固醇作用或其他健康益处。因此,希望补充具有植物甾醇和甾烷醇的食物和饮料。
甾醇是在C-3处具有羟基基团的甾族化合物的亚组。通常,植物甾醇在甾核内具有双键,如胆固醇;然而,植物甾醇还可以在C-24处包含一个取代的侧链(R),诸如乙基或甲基基团,或一个另外的双键。植物甾醇的结构是本领域技术人员熟知的。
已发现至少44种天然存在的植物甾醇,并且它们通常源于植物,诸如玉米、大豆、小麦和桐油;然而,它们还可以按合成方式产生以形成与天然的那些相同的组合物或者具有与天然存在的植物甾醇特性相似的特性的组合物。根据本发明的具体实施例,本领域普通技术人员已熟知的植物甾醇的非限制性实例包括4-去甲基甾醇(例如,β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、菜籽甾醇、22-脱氢菜籽甾醇、以及Δ5-燕麦甾醇)、4-单甲基甾醇和4,4-二甲基甾醇(三萜烯醇)(例如,环阿屯醇、24-亚甲基环木菠萝烷醇和环甾烷醇(cyclobranol))。
如本文所用,短语“甾烷醇”、“植物甾烷醇”和“植物甾烷醇”同义。植物甾烷醇是仅微量存在于自然界中的饱和甾醇并且也可以诸如通过对植物甾醇进行加氢而以合成方式产生。根据本发明的具体实施例,植物甾烷醇的非限制性实例包括β-谷甾烷醇、菜油甾烷醇、环木菠萝烷醇以及其他三萜醇类的饱和形式。
如本文所用的植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇包括多种异构体诸如α和β异构体(例如,α-谷甾醇和β-谷甾醇,它们分别包括用于降低哺乳动物中的血清胆固醇的最有效的植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇之一)。
本发明的植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇还可以呈其酯形式。用于得到植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇的酯的适合方法是本领域普通技术人员熟知的,并且在美国专利号6,589,588、6,635,774、6,800,317和美国专利公开号2003/0045473中披露,所述专利的披露内容通过援引以其全文结合在此。适合的植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇的酯的非限制性实例包括乙酸谷甾醇酯、油酸谷甾醇酯、油酸豆甾醇酯及其相应的植物甾烷醇酯。本发明的植物甾醇和植物甾烷醇还可以包括其衍生物。
IV.使用方法
在一个实施例中,本发明提供了一种用于通过在食用可食用产品之前施用/食用本发明的口服剂型来改变可食用产品的味道(例如,甜味化其甜度)的方法。
在食用口服剂型与可使用产品之间的时间间隔可以变化。在一个具体实施例中,时间间隔是约1分钟、约2分钟、约3分钟、约4分钟、约5分钟、约6分钟、约7分钟、约8分钟、约9分钟或约10分钟或更长时间。在另一个具体实施例中,时间间隔是约10秒、约15秒、约30秒、约45秒或约60秒。
如前文所述,本发明的口服剂型与用常规量的甜味剂(例如,高强度甜味剂)甜味化的相同或类似的可食用产品组合产生相同或更高的甜度强度。因此,碳水化合物总摄取较少,例如约10%、约15%、约20%、约25%或约30%或更少。可食用产品本身可以含有或可以不含有甜味剂和/或甜度增强剂。
在一个具体实施例中,提供了一种用于增强包含以高于其甜度识别阈值的浓度的至少一种甜味剂(例如,高强度甜味剂,诸如莱鲍迪苷M或阿斯巴甜)的饮料的甜度的方法,其包括在食用饮料之前食用所披露的口服剂型。在示例性实施例中,与常规甜味化的相同或类似饮料相比,口服剂型或者口服剂型加可食用组合物具有减少的总碳水化合物。
在一个具体实施例中,提供了一种用于增强不含有添加的甜味剂或甜度增强剂的饮料的甜度的方法,其包括在食用饮料之前先食用本文所披露的口服剂型。在示例性实施例中,与通过常规手段甜味化的相同或类似饮料相比,口服剂型或者口服剂型加可食用产品具有减少的碳水化合物总含量。
V.制造方法
本发明包括制造本文所披露的口服剂型的方法。
在一个实施例中,所述口服剂型是速溶片剂,并且制造方法选自冷冻干燥(冻干)、片剂成型、喷雾干燥、升华、直接压制或纳米化。
在另一个实施例中,所述口服剂型是速溶条,并且制造方法选自溶剂浇铸、热熔挤出、半溶剂浇铸、固体分散体挤出和轧制。
在一个具体实施例中,口服剂型是速溶条,并且制造方法提供在以下的实例中。
在另一个实施例中,口服剂型是速溶胶囊,并且
制造方法包括对常规硬胶囊进行穿孔或真空干燥。
实例
实例1:膜/条
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2、神秘果粉末和阿斯巴甜
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-CC00800(在PG中是6.25%)和甘油
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
1.感官评估实例
2.感官评估含有神秘果果肉/粉末和CC00800、根皮素和NHDC的膜/条
制备的神秘果粉末和CC00800膜/条的感官评估是在以下列出的各种饮料中完成的。有12位参与者。提供了不同的剂量(从0.04g至1.0g)的膜/条,并在口/舌中保持约15秒或更长时间。下面列出了所评估的饮料和感官评论。
饮料样品
实例2:
制备了可溶解膜,其包含以下表2中所示的成分:
表2
成分 | 克 |
水 | 69.465 |
果胶 | 2.0 |
普鲁兰 | 15.0 |
神秘果粉末 | 10.0 |
在PG中的根皮素(6.25%) | 3.0 |
甘油 | 0.5 |
Reb M | 0.035 |
总计 | 100 |
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、普鲁兰、神秘果粉末和阿斯巴甜
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-根皮素(在PG中是6.25%)和甘油
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
实例3:
制备了可溶解膜,其包含以下表3中所示的成分:
表3
成分 | 克 |
水 | 71.515 |
果胶 | 2.0 |
普鲁兰 | 18.0 |
神秘果粉末 | 7.0 |
在PG中的根皮素 | 1.45 |
甘油 | 0.5 |
Reb M | 0.035 |
总计 | 100 |
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、普鲁兰、神秘果粉末和Reb M
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-根皮素(在PG中是6.25%)和甘油
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
实例4:
制备了可溶解膜,其包含以下表4中所示的成分:
表4
成分 | 克 |
水 | 72.25 |
黄原胶 | 0.15 |
刺槐豆胶 | 0.15 |
普鲁兰 | 18.0 |
神秘果粉末 | 7.0 |
在PG中的NHDC(5%) | 1.45 |
甘油 | 0.5 |
总计 | 100 |
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-黄原胶、刺槐豆胶、普鲁兰、神秘果粉末
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-NHDC(在PG中是6.25%)和甘油
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
实例5:
制备了可溶解膜,其包含以下表5中所示的成分。
表5
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-黄原胶、刺槐豆胶、普鲁兰、神秘果粉末
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-NHDC(在PG中是5%)、甘油和橙风味剂
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估。
实例6:
制备了可溶解膜,其包含以下表6中所示的成分。
表6
制备程序:
1.称重并解冻容器中的神秘果果肉
2.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2
3.称重并预共混所有湿成分-橙皮素二氢查耳酮(在PG中是6.25%)和甘油
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气
6.为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥
8.在流延的膜干燥(约5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
实例7:可食用凝胶或可食用凝胶混合物
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2、神秘果粉末和Reb M
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-橙皮素二氢查耳酮(在PG中是6.25%)
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.在称重盘中准备约0.1g至2.0g可食用凝胶以用于感官评估
实例8:可食用液体浓缩物或液滴
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2、神秘果粉末和Reb M
2.称重湿成分-橙皮素二氢查耳酮(在PG中是6.25%)
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将山梨酸钾添加到容器中并混合3-5分钟
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.通过高压均质器在3000psi(2500psi+500psi)下均质化溶液
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6.在称重盘中准备约0.05g至2.0g可食用液体浓缩物/液滴以用于感官评估
实例9:干粉混合物(也可以制成片剂或凝胶胶囊)
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2、神秘果粉末、根皮素和Reb M
2.在称重盘中准备约0.02g至0.5g干粉混合物以用于感官评估实例10:膜/条-仅神秘果粉末
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2和神秘果粉末
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-丙二醇和甘油
3.称重容器中的处理过的水的量
4.将预共混的干成分添加到容器中并混合约5分钟
5.如果需要的话,对溶液进行真空脱气。
6为了流延膜,a)将预共混的溶液倒在塑料、玻璃或钢板边缘附近。b)使用推动棒或膜涂覆器在塑料、玻璃或钢板上缓慢流延膜
7.使一个或多个流延的膜在环境温度下或在预设温度的烘箱中干燥过夜以便加快干燥。
8.在流延的膜干燥(5%-10%水分)之后,将膜从板剥离并且切割成约0.04至0.3g的大小以用于感官评估
3.感官评估实例
4.感官评估含有神秘果果肉/粉末的膜/条
制备的神秘果粉末膜/条的感官评估是在以下列出的各种饮料中完成的。有12位参与者。提供了不同的剂量(从0.04g至1.0g)的膜/条,并在口/舌中保持约15秒或更长时间。下面列出了所评估的饮料和感官评论。
饮料样品
实例11:丸剂和糊剂的面团(以制备和压制成不同形状)
成分
制备程序:
1.称重并预共混所有干成分(除1克Fiber-Sol 2之外)-果胶、Fiber-Sol 2、神秘果粉末
2.称重并预共混所有湿成分-在丙二醇中的CC00800和甘油
3.使用面团共混机将干共混物(除1克Fiber-Sol 2之外)与湿共混物共混15分钟
4.准备0.02g至0.5g共混的面团的小块,并撒上Fiber-Sol 2粉末以防止结块
5.在称重盘中准备0.02g至0.5g的小块以用于感官评估
实例12:水果粒或水果片的生产
成分 | 100g |
水 | 2 |
普鲁兰 | 37.8 |
神秘果粉末 | 30 |
甘油 | 30 |
莱鲍迪苷A(Reb A) | 0.2 |
总重量,g | 100 |
将干成分预共混为均匀的粉末共混物。将液体成分预混合为均匀的混合物。将液体混合物缓慢添加到干粉共混物中以制成面团。然后将面团在环境温度或升高的温度(诸如35C)下储存延长的时间段(最多5天)。按压熟化的面团以形成约1-2mm厚的水果薄片,并且切成水果片(例如,2mm×1cm×1cm)或水果粒(例如,2mm×2mm×2mm)。水果片和水果粒可以本身被食用或者与其他成分(诸如,碳酸晶体)共混。
实例13:水果粒或水果片的生产
成分 | 100g |
普鲁兰 | 42.5 |
神秘果粉末 | 42.5 |
甘油 | 14.9 |
Reb A | 0.1 |
总重量,g | 100 |
将干成分预共混为均匀的粉末共混物。将液体成分预混合为均匀的混合物。将液体混合物缓慢添加到干粉共混物中以制成面团。然后将面团在环境温度下储存延长的时间段(最多1-2天)。按压面团以形成约1-2mm厚的水果薄片,并且切成水果片(例如,2mm×1cm×1cm)或水果粒(例如,2mm×2mm×2mm)。水果片和水果粒可以本身被食用或者与其他成分(诸如,碳酸晶体)共混。
实例14:水果粒和碳酸晶体
然后将0.5g水果粒(例如,2mm X 2mm X 2mm)和0.5g异麦芽酮糖醇碳酸酯晶体共混并包装到防潮袋中以便食用。
实例15:水果粒和碳酸晶体
然后将0.4g水果粒(例如,2mm X 2mm X 2mm)和0.6g异麦芽酮糖醇碳酸酯晶体共混并包装到防潮袋中以便食用。
Claims (24)
1.一种速溶口服剂型,其包含神秘果素和至少一种二氢查耳酮衍生物,其中,所述神秘果素和所述至少一种二氢查耳酮衍生物以从约500:1或更小的比率存在。
2.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述神秘果素和所述至少一种二氢查耳酮衍生物以从约100:1或更小的比率存在。
3.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述神秘果素和所述至少一种二氢查耳酮衍生物以从约10:1或更小的比率存在。
4.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述神秘果素是作为神秘果粉末提供的。
5.如权利要求4所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述神秘果粉末中神秘果素的量为从约0.01重量%至约1重量%。
6.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述至少一种二氢查耳酮衍生物选自下组,该组由以下各项组成:橙皮素二氢查耳酮(CC-00800)、根皮素、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、柚皮苷二氢查耳酮或其组合。
7.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其进一步包含至少一种高强度甜味剂、至少一种甜度增强剂或其组合。
8.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其进一步包含至少一种高强度甜味剂,其中所述至少一种高强度甜味剂是天然的。
9.如权利要求8所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述至少一种天然一种高强度甜味剂是莱鲍迪苷M。
10.如权利要求9所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述莱鲍迪苷M具有从约80%至约100%的纯度。
11.如权利要求8所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述至少一种天然一种高强度甜味剂是莱鲍迪苷A。
12.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其进一步包含至少一种高强度甜味剂,其中所述至少一种高强度甜味剂是合成的。
13.如权利要求11所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述至少一种合成高强度甜味剂是阿斯巴甜。
14.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其进一步包含至少一种赋形剂,其选自水溶性聚合物、增塑剂和唾液诱导剂。
15.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述口服剂型是片剂。
16.如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型,其中,所述口服剂型是膜。
17.一种用于增强可食用产品的甜度的方法,其包括在食用所述可食用产品之前食用如权利要求1所述的速溶口服剂型。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述可食用产品是饮料或饮料产品。
19.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述可食用产品是降低卡路里或无卡路里饮料。
20.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,在食用所述可食用产品之前少于3分钟食用所述速溶口服剂型。
21.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,在食用所述可食用产品之前少于1分钟食用所述速溶口服剂型。
22.如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,与常规甜味化的可食用产品相比,所述口服剂型在减小的浓度的碳水化合物下提供约5至约10白利糖度的甜度。
23.如权利要求22所述的方法,其中,碳水化合物的浓度减小约10%或更多。
24.如权利要求21所述的方法,其中,碳水化合物的浓度减小约25%或更多。
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- 2018-06-27 WO PCT/US2018/039828 patent/WO2019006010A1/en unknown
- 2018-06-27 EP EP18824164.0A patent/EP3644745A4/en active Pending
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CN113455635A (zh) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 湖南华诚生物资源股份有限公司 | 一种应用于罗汉果糖的甜感强化剂及其制备方法和用途 |
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US11491106B2 (en) | 2022-11-08 |
KR102628901B1 (ko) | 2024-01-24 |
US20200163874A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
KR20200021525A (ko) | 2020-02-28 |
CN111295101B (zh) | 2023-09-01 |
EP3644745A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
EP3644745A4 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
WO2019006010A1 (en) | 2019-01-03 |
MX2019015630A (es) | 2020-02-20 |
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