CN111286287B - 一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，包括如下重量份数的组分：天然橡胶14‑20重量份；丁基类橡胶4‑9重量份；改性尿素0‑4重量份；填料40‑50重量份；增粘树脂9‑20重量份；发泡剂9‑17重量份；硫磺0.2‑0.6重量份；抗氧剂0.1‑0.5重量份；促进剂0.2‑0.6重量份；溶剂4‑14重量份。本发明的自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，其原料中采用天然橡胶与丁基橡胶配合使用，使得膨胀胶条既能保证一定的交联密度，又能保证一定的气密性，另外AC发泡剂与PTSH发泡剂并用，更好地提高与保证发泡倍率，发泡倍率提高至500％‑600％，而且为单层结构，使得产品对汽车的隔音降噪效果提升。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于汽车用发泡型膨胀胶条技术领域，具体涉及一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的发泡型膨胀胶条是一种双层结构的产品，分为发泡层与粘结层两层结构，粘结层主要起粘结作用，发泡层起密封作用。但由于粘结层不能够发泡，因此对于一些细小的缝隙无法起到密封作用，发泡层与基材没有粘结能力，使产品经常不能够完全密封空腔，降低了产品的降噪功能。
而且，现有的膨胀胶条的膨胀倍率仅有30％-200％，经常使产品不能够完全密封空腔，导致汽车隔音降噪效果相对较差。
中国专利CN110372964A公开了一种汽车用发泡型膨胀胶条，其以三元乙丙橡胶和溴化三元乙丙橡胶为主要原料。CN108047520A使用了含卤素的聚氯乙烯树脂。CN101142261A中以SEBS为主要橡胶原料。CN106496691A中发泡型膨胀胶条以丁腈橡胶为主要原料。CN106432897A为塑性聚烯烃树脂发泡料，不具有自粘性。CN104250532B为一种双层汽车用发泡型膨胀胶片，上层为发泡层，下层为自粘层。CN102030940B中公开了一种汽车用聚乙烯和橡胶膨胀胶块及其制备方法，其以结晶聚乙烯和橡胶为主要原料，产品常温不具有自粘性。以上的发明技术方案或不以天然橡胶为主要原料，或不具有自粘性，或为双层结构。如何解决上述技术问题，是本领域技术人员致力于解决的事情。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种新型的自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条及其制备方法。
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，包括如下重量份数的组分：
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述丁基类橡胶选自丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶、溴化丁基橡胶、丁基再生橡胶、氯化丁基再生橡胶和溴化丁基再生橡胶中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述丁基类橡胶为丁基橡胶。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述填料选自滑石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、硅藻土、钛白粉、硫酸钡、白炭黑、玻璃微珠和陶土中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述填料为碳酸钙。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述增粘树脂选自C5系石油树脂、C9系石油树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、松香树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、古马隆树脂、氢化松香酚树脂、二环戊二烯系石油树脂、苯乙烯系树脂、烷基酚醛树脂中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述增粘树脂为石油树脂和萜烯酚醛树脂的混合物。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述石油树脂在所述自粘型高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为4-10重量份，所述萜烯酚醛树脂在所述自粘型高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为5-10重量份。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂和PTSH发泡剂的混合物；所述AC发泡剂在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为6-10重量份；所述PTSH发泡剂在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为3-7重量份。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述溶剂为石蜡油和环烷油的混合物。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述石蜡油在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为3-10重量份，所述环烷油在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为1-4重量份。
本发明的第二个目的在于一种如上所述的自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)、混炼：将除发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂之外的其它各组分在90-150℃下混炼，然后冷却至80℃以下；
步骤(2)、开炼：在开炼机上和发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂一起混合均匀，要求控制胶料温度低于90℃；
步骤(3)、挤出：在50-90℃下于单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机中挤出成型并被裁切成胶条。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条及其制备方法具有如下有益效果：本发明的自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，其原料中采用天然橡胶与丁基橡胶配合使用，使得膨胀胶条既能保证一定的交联密度，又能保证一定的气密性，另外AC发泡剂与PTSH发泡剂并用，更好地提高与保证发泡倍率，发泡倍率提高至500％-600％，而且为单层结构，使得产品对汽车的隔音降噪效果提升。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。应理解，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1：
一种新型的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，所述膨胀胶条的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：天然橡胶20％、萜烯酚树脂6％、石油树脂7％、改性尿素1％、AC发泡剂8％、PTSH发泡剂5％、碳酸钙45％、硫磺0.4％、抗氧剂0.3％、石蜡油5％、环烷油2％、促进剂0.3％。
实施例2：
一种新型的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，所述膨胀胶条的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：天然橡胶16％、丁基橡胶6％、萜烯酚树脂6％、石油树脂7％、改性尿素1％、AC发泡剂8％、PTSH发泡剂5％、碳酸钙43％、硫磺0.4％、抗氧剂0.3％、石蜡油5％、环烷油2％、促进剂0.3％。
实施例3：
一种新型的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，所述膨胀胶条的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：天然橡胶16％、丁基橡胶6％、萜烯酚树脂6％、石油树脂7％、改性尿素1％、AC发泡剂10％、碳酸钙46％、硫磺0.4％、抗氧剂0.3％、石蜡油5％、环烷油2％、促进剂0.3％。
实施例4：
一种新型的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，所述膨胀胶条的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：天然橡胶16％、丁基橡胶6％、萜烯酚树脂6％、石油树脂7％、改性尿素1％、PTSH发泡剂7％、碳酸钙49％、硫磺0.4％、抗氧剂0.3％、石蜡油5％、环烷油2％、促进剂0.3％。
对比例1：
一种新型的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，所述膨胀胶条的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：丁基橡胶22％、萜烯酚树脂6％、石油树脂7％、改性尿素1％、PTSH发泡剂7％、碳酸钙49％、硫磺0.4％、抗氧剂0.3％、石蜡油5％、环烷油2％、促进剂0.3％。
上述实施例1、2、3、4和对比例1对应的膨胀胶条的具体组分见下表1。
表1各丁基密封胶带的具体组分
制备实施例：
上述实施例和对比例的一种汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)、混炼：将除发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂之外的其它各组分在90-150℃下混炼，然后冷却至80℃以下；
步骤(2)、开炼：在开炼机上和发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂一起混合均匀，要求控制胶料温度低于90℃；
步骤(3)、挤出：在50-90℃下于单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机中挤出成型并被裁切成胶条。
性能测试：
实施例1、2、3、4和对比例1对应的汽车用自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条的测试结果见下表2。
表2各丁基密封胶带的测试结果
| 性能 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 对比例1 |
| 膨胀率(％) | 530 | 560 | 550 | 520 | 50 |
| 初粘性 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 | 好 |
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述，但其只作为范例，本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言，任何对该发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改，都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，其特征在于，包括如下重量份数的组分：
所述丁基类橡胶选自丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶、溴化丁基橡胶、丁基再生橡胶、氯化丁基再生橡胶和溴化丁基再生橡胶中的一种或多种；
所述填料选自滑石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、硅藻土、钛白粉、硫酸钡、白炭黑、玻璃微珠和陶土中的一种或多种；
所述增粘树脂选自C5系石油树脂、C9系石油树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、松香树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯树脂、古马隆树脂、二环戊二烯系石油树脂、苯乙烯系树脂中的一种或多种；
所述发泡剂为AC发泡剂和PTSH发泡剂的混合物；所述AC发泡剂在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为6-10重量份；所述PTSH发泡剂在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为3-7重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，其特征在于，所述溶剂为石蜡油和环烷油的混合物；
所述松香树脂包括氢化松香酚树脂；
所述酚醛树脂包括萜烯酚醛树脂或烷基酚醛树脂中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条，其特征在于，所述石蜡油在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为3-10重量份，所述环烷油在所述自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条中的重量份数为1-4重量份。
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的自粘型单层高倍率膨胀胶条的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤(1)、混炼：将除发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂之外的其它各组分在90-150℃下混炼，然后冷却至80℃以下；
步骤(2)、开炼：在开炼机上和发泡剂、硫磺、促进剂一起混合均匀，要求控制胶料温度低于90℃；
步骤(3)、挤出：在50-90℃下于单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机中挤出成型并被裁切成胶条。
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