CN111280475A - Method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving performance of coating by assistance of biological enzyme - Google Patents
Method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving performance of coating by assistance of biological enzyme Download PDFInfo
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- CN111280475A CN111280475A CN202010083662.5A CN202010083662A CN111280475A CN 111280475 A CN111280475 A CN 111280475A CN 202010083662 A CN202010083662 A CN 202010083662A CN 111280475 A CN111280475 A CN 111280475A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/26—Use of organic solvents for extraction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/16—Other treatment of stems or ribs, e.g. bending, chopping, incising
Abstract
The invention provides a method for extracting flavor substances in shredded tobacco and improving the performance of liquid coating cloth by the aid of biological enzyme. In the process of reproducing tobacco leaves by using leftovers of tobacco industry, namely shredded tobacco leaves, tobacco shreds and tobacco stems by adopting a paper-making method, flavor substances are required to be extracted from shredded tobacco, and then the flavor substances are mixed with part of tobacco stem extracts and coated into a reproduced sheet substrate. According to the invention, biological enzyme treatment is adopted, so that the extraction effect of flavor substances in broken tobacco is improved as much as possible, and biological enzyme is added for treatment before the concentration or concentration of the extracting solution, so that the viscosity and the particle diameter of the coating solution are reduced, the rheological property of the coating solution is adjusted, the coating amount is improved, and the applicability of the reconstituted tobacco sheet is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of paper-making reconstituted tobacco sheets, relates to an enzyme treatment technology, and particularly provides a novel method for extracting flavor substances in shredded tobacco and improving the performance of a coating liquid under the assistance of biological enzyme.
Background
The paper-making method tobacco sheet production technology is also called paper-making method reconstituted tobacco technology, and is a new tobacco recycling product which is prepared by using tobacco processing wastes or leftovers such as tobacco stems and tobacco powder as raw materials through paper-making technologies such as pulping, papermaking, coating and the like, and is reused as cigarette raw materials in the cigarette making process. The paper-making reconstituted tobacco is treated in the paper-making process, the tar content is low, great effects are played in the aspects of harm and tar reduction, and the reconstituted tobacco sheet can effectively reduce the tar content of cigarettes and other harmful substances. The paper-making reconstituted tobacco can effectively realize the recycling of tobacco waste and leftovers, and has obvious effects on the aspects of reducing cost and promoting tar reduction, and the paper-making reconstituted tobacco is an important raw material in modern cigarette production. In addition, in the aspect of combustion performance, the reconstituted tobacco has good combustion performance and also has a certain effect in the aspect of reducing the generation of carbon monoxide. Most foreign tobacco companies pay more attention to the use proportion of the reconstituted tobacco, and the use proportion reaches higher and is basically over 20 percent.
In the application process of the reconstituted tobacco sheet made by paper, tobacco waste such as tobacco stems, tobacco powder and the like is extracted firstly, flavor substances such as nicotine and the like in raw materials are extracted, and residual cellulose, semi-fiber and the like are made into paper sheets, so that the tobacco sheet has the problems of low aroma, low aroma amount, unsatisfactory taste and the like due to the high fiber content in the tobacco sheet substrate and the sheet substrate. Therefore, the extracted flavor substances, especially the flavor substances extracted from the broken tobacco, need to be added into the sheet base sheet in a coating mode, and the adverse effect of the addition of the reconstituted tobacco on the sensory quality and the smoking quality of cigarette products is reduced.
In the extraction process, particularly in the extraction process of flavor substances in broken tobacco, the extraction temperature is relatively low, the damage to the cell structure of tobacco leaves is limited, the extraction efficiency of the flavor substances is influenced, the concentration requirement of the extracted extracting solution is limited (the extracting solution needs to be concentrated to a certain concentration for coating operation), the water consumption for adding water and washing is not high, and in addition, the mass transfer of the flavor substances is influenced due to the influence of water-soluble macromolecular organic matters such as pectin and starch, so the extraction efficiency is greatly limited. Flavor substances which are not extracted enter a pulping and papermaking water system in the pulping and papermaking processes, so that the loss of the flavor substances is caused, the pollution load of pulping and papermaking wastewater is greatly increased, part of tobacco water extract also has the sterilization and bacteriostasis effects, and the higher the residue in the wastewater is, the greater the influence on the biological treatment efficiency in the water treatment process is. Therefore, the flavor substances in the broken tobacco are extracted as much as possible, only the raw materials such as cellulose and hemicellulose for papermaking are reserved, the loss of the flavor substances can be reduced, and the pressure of a water treatment system in the process of reproducing the tobacco leaves can be greatly reduced.
Mixing the pre-soaking liquid of crushed tobacco leaves/tobacco shreds with the extracting liquid of partial cut stems, modifying, concentrating or modifying, concentrating, mixing with the extracting liquid of cut stems to obtain a coating liquid, coating the coating liquid on a tobacco sheet substrate, drying and shredding the sheet, and adding the sheet into cigarettes.
The extracted flavor substances are added back to the reconstituted sheet substrate in a coating mode to prepare the tobacco sheet for adding into cigarettes to achieve the purposes of filling, reducing tar, improving combustion performance and the like. The physical properties of the tobacco sheet substrate are greatly affected after absorbing water during the coating process, particularly the wet strength is most affected. If the wet strength is low, problems such as paper breakage occur, and therefore the amount of coating of the tobacco sheet is greatly affected, and the greater the amount of coating, the higher the moisture content of the sheet, and the lower the strength. The extracted flavor substances have low concentration and cannot be directly coated on the sheet substrate, so that the coating liquid with proper concentration can be coated on the sheet substrate only by preparing the coating liquid with proper concentration by the processes of seasoning, tempering, concentrating and the like.
In the course of concentration of the extract liquid, the viscosity of the extract liquid is influenced by a large amount of dissolved macromolecular substances contained therein, and tends to rise exponentially with the increase in concentration, so that it is difficult to make the concentration of the coating liquid high. The increase in viscosity of the coating liquid affects not only penetration of the coating liquid but also uniformity thereof. The higher the viscosity, the worse the coating film forming uniformity, the harder the coating liquid is to penetrate into the sheet to form white core, resulting in uneven quality; after the coating liquid which does not permeate into the substrate forms a film on the surface of the paper sheet, the drying dehydration performance is reduced, the drying is not good, the adhesion phenomenon can occur in the sheet winding process, and the cutting cannot be carried out to form waste products. At present, the coating weight of most thin sheet substrates is basically 35% -41%, and the coating weight is difficult to increase.
Some methods improve the coating performance by adding enzyme and fluid improving agent or increasing the temperature of the coating liquid after the extract is concentrated, but the methods improve the performance of the coating liquid, but cannot avoid the problems of local pan pasting and the like caused by overhigh viscosity in the concentration process, and can easily generate macromolecular substance polymerization in the later stage of concentration to cause the sharp increase of particles.
In addition, in the extraction process of the extracting solution, a small amount of fine fibers and hemicellulose enter the extracting solution under the action of a dewatering machine, and the particulate matters can be flocculated into larger particles in the concentration process and the like, so that the glossiness of a coated sheet is influenced, and the paper channel is blocked to influence the permeation of the coating liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a novel method for extracting flavor substances in tobacco shreds by using biological enzyme in an auxiliary way and improving the performance of a coating for coating the flavor substances back into tobacco sheets.
The invention comprises two parts of extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco with the assistance of biological enzyme and improving the performance of coating liquid in the coating process, which respectively act on the flavor substances in the broken tobacco before extraction and the concentration of extracting solution or in the concentration process and are used for improving the performance of the coating liquid, and the combination and the dosage of the enzyme species used in the two parts are mutually coordinated and matched for use. The usage amount of cellulase and hemicellulase in the extraction process is properly controlled, the situation that the pulp grinding effect of the crushed tobacco leaves is influenced due to excessive damage of fibers and hemicellulose is avoided, the raw material yield is reduced, and the content of suspended matters in the extracting solution is increased; the dosage of various enzymes treated before or in the concentration process is controlled according to the content of suspended matters and various macromolecular organic matters, the excessive dosage can influence the flavor substances and the absorption effect of the reconstituted slices, and the insufficient dosage can not remarkably improve the coating performance.
Biological enzyme is used in the broken tobacco extraction process, the cell structure of tobacco leaves is destroyed through the action of the biological enzyme, the dissolution of flavor substances is promoted, and the molecular weight of soluble macromolecules is properly reduced. The enzyme used for extraction is composed of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, amylase and protease enzyme, and is added in two steps to respectively act in order to avoid the influence of protease on other enzymes. Firstly, cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and amylase are combined and added into warm water with the temperature of 30-70 ℃ for dissolving, and the ratio of the shredded tobacco leaves/cut tobacco to the warm water is 1: adding 3.5-7 of the above materials into the crushed tobacco, mixing, maintaining the temperature for 30-600min, adding protease, maintaining the temperature for 20-60min, and squeezing or vacuum filtering to obtain flavor extract.
The pH range of the enzyme used for extraction is pH: 5-8.
The enzyme amounts and combinations were as follows: based on the raw material broken tobacco per kilogram
Internally tangent cellulose: (Filter Paper Activity, FPA): 200-5000U
Hemicellulose: 200-5000U
And (3) pectinase: 0.005-0.75g or ml
Amylase: 5-500U
Protease: 0.005-0.50g or ml
Further preferably, the three enzymes are treated at 45-55 deg.C and pH 6-7.2 for 4-6 hr.
The protease is medium alkaline protease, the treatment temperature is 45-55 deg.C, pH is 6-7.2, and the treatment time is 40-60 min.
Before or during the concentration process of the biological enzyme applied to the leaching liquor, the biological enzyme is used for reducing the viscosity of the coating liquid, reducing the particle size of particles, improving reducing sugar and the like. Mixing the pre-extract of crushed tobacco leaves/cut tobacco and the extract of cut stem, adding enzyme into the solution to be concentrated, treating for a period of time and then concentrating or directly concentrating at low temperature.
The enzyme for improving coating performance of the coating liquid is a combination of two or more of pectinase, hemicellulase, amylase and cellulase. The dosage of each enzyme is as follows:
and (3) pectinase: 0.1-1.5 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated
Cellulase: 0.01-0.25 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated
Hemicellulase (b): 0.15-0.40 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated
Amylase: 0.1-0.25 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated
The dosage of the second complex enzyme is adjusted according to the particulate content and viscosity of the extracting solution to be concentrated, and the dosage of each enzyme in the first complex enzyme, the maturity degree of tobacco leaves, the producing area and the like greatly influence the particulate content and viscosity of the extracting solution in the extracting process, so that the dosage of the second complex enzyme is adjusted according to the particulate content and viscosity of the extracting solution.
When the extract to be concentrated is sieved by a 300-mesh sieve, the content of particulate matters is below 2.5 percent, and the dosage of cellulase is 0.05-0.10 kg/m3(ii) a The particulate matter is 2.5-3.5%, and the cellulase dosage is 0.10-0.15 kg/m3(ii) a When the viscosity of the extractive solution to be concentrated is less than 2 mPa.s, the amount of pectinase is 0.1-0.25 kg/m3The dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.15-0.20 kg/m3The dosage of amylase is 0.1-0.15 kg/m3(ii) a When the viscosity of the extractive solution to be concentrated is greater than 2 mPa.s, the amount of pectinase is 0.25-1.5 kg/m3The dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.20-0.40 kg/m3The dosage of amylase is 0.15-0.25 kg/m3。
In the extraction process of the broken tobacco leaves, plant cell structures formed by cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin and the like are appropriately destroyed by adopting biological enzyme, so that the dissolution of flavor substances is promoted, meanwhile, the molecular weight of macromolecular soluble polysaccharide is appropriately reduced by utilizing the biological enzyme, the viscosity of an extracting solution is reduced, the mass transfer of a dissolved substance is promoted, and the extraction rate and the extraction efficiency are improved. Cellulose and hemicellulose are used as papermaking raw materials, and are kept as much as possible in the extraction process, otherwise, the loss of the fiber raw materials is caused, the content of suspended matters in the extracting solution is increased, and the coating is not favorable.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the method for reducing the viscosity of the coating liquid comprises two methods, namely adding corresponding biological enzyme in the extraction process to moderately degrade macromolecular organic matters, and adding the biological enzyme for treatment before or in the concentration process of the extracting solution in cooperation with the degradation effect of macromolecular substances in the extraction process to further degrade the macromolecular substances, improve the viscosity reduction effect of the coating liquid, improve the concentration of the coating liquid, improve the coating weight, reduce the difference between reconstituted tobacco leaves and primary tobacco leaves and improve the applicability.
2. According to the invention, biological enzymes are added in the extraction process and before or during concentration, and are used in a mutual matching way, so that the problem of macromolecular substance polymerization can be effectively avoided under the synergistic effect.
3. The invention adopts biological enzyme to degrade and passivate fine fiber and hemicellulose in the extracting solution, reduces the size of particles, and avoids the particles from flocculating into larger particles in the processes of concentration and the like to influence the glossiness of the coated sheet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1: extracting crushed tobacco leaf raw material, mixing with tobacco stalk extract, and concentrating
A new method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving the performance of coating paint by assistance of biological enzyme comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a first complex enzyme in the extraction process of the crushed tobacco leaves to prepare a tobacco leaf extracting solution;
(2) mixing the crushed tobacco leaf extract and the cut stem extract, and tempering;
(3) and (3) adding the second complex enzyme into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and concentrating at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain a coating liquid.
The first complex enzyme consists of endo-cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, amylase and protease, and the specific enzyme dosage is as follows: measured by per kilogram of raw material crushed tobacco
Endo-cellulose FPA: 500U, hemicellulase: 200U, pectinase: 0.5g, amylase: 200U; protease: 0.01g or ml.
Firstly, adding the combination of endo-cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and amylase into 50 ℃ warm water, dissolving, and mixing the cut tobacco leaves and the warm water according to a ratio of 1: adding crushed tobacco leaves according to the proportion of 4, uniformly mixing, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 90min, then adding protease, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30min, carrying out extrusion or suction filtration dehydration to obtain a flavor substance extracting solution, adding 50 ℃ warm water with the same volume of the extracting solution, washing the fiber raw material once, collecting filtrate, and mixing with the extracting solution extracted previously to obtain the tobacco leaf extracting solution.
After enzyme treatment, compared with hot water extraction without enzyme, the yield of the total extract can be improved from 42-45% to 50-62%, the total extraction rate can be improved by more than 18%, the total plant alkali extraction rate can be improved by 5% (from 85% to more than 90%), the total reducing sugar can be improved by 20% (accounting for 48% to 54% of the solid content of the concentrated solution), and the amino acid content can be improved by 25%.
Extracting the stem shred extracting solution by hot water, namely extracting the stem shred extracting solution in two steps, firstly soaking the stem shred extracting solution for 45 minutes at about 40 ℃ according to a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:4, dehydrating, and enabling the dehydrated waste water to enter a water treatment system for harmless treatment to remove foreign flavor substances in the tobacco stems; then adding hot water into the pre-leached raw materials according to the liquid-to-liquid ratio (absolute dry basis) of 1:4, extracting for 90 minutes at 50-55 ℃, dehydrating and collecting liquid to be the tobacco stem extracting solution.
And (3) applying the second complex enzyme to the leaching liquor concentration process, mixing the crushed tobacco leaf extracting solution and the cut stem extracting solution (the proportion is 1:1, and the dry matter is reduced), and carrying out conditioning (the conditioning process is different according to different slice applications). Then, low-temperature reduced pressure concentration is adopted, the concentration temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, the concentration is carried out until the total solid content is about 45 percent, and a second complex enzyme is added into the mixed extracting solution before the concentration.
Through the treatment and action of the second complex enzyme, the viscosity of the concentrated coating solution is reduced from 15-25 mPa.s (at 55 ℃) to 10-16 mPa.s, the content of reducing sugar is increased from 22% to 25%, and the content of nicotine is increased from 3% to 8% to more than 4%.
The composition and dosage of the second complex enzyme are as follows: and (3) pectinase: 0.25 kg/m3And (3) concentrating the extract, namely cellulase: 0.15 kg/m3Concentrating the extract; hemicellulase (b): 0.15 kg/m3And concentrating the extract.
The average diameter of the particles is reduced to 50 percent from 700nm to 350nm
The coating weight is increased from 35% to 44%.
The content and viscosity of the particles of the tobacco leaf to-be-concentrated solution extracted by the aid of the first complex enzyme have great relation with the composition, the material properties and the like of the first complex enzyme. Therefore, the dosage of the cellulase and the pectinase in the composition of the second complex enzyme added before the concentration of the solution to be concentrated needs to be adjusted according to the content of the particles of the solution to be concentrated before the concentration and the viscosity of the solution, particularly the dosage of the cellulase and the pectinase.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the content of particulate matter in the concentrated solution (sieved with 300 mesh sieve) is below 2.5%, and the dosage of cellulase is 0.05-0.10 kg/m3Concentrating the solution; the content of the particles is more than 2.5-3.5%, and the dosage is 0.10-0.15 kg/m3Concentrating the solution; the content of the particulate matters is more than 3.5 percent, and the dosage needs to be increased properly.
When the amount of the pectinase is adjusted according to the viscosity of the concentrated solution (the solid content is 15 percent, the viscosity is below 2 mPas at 25 ℃), the amount of the pectinase is 0.1-0.25 kg/m 3 of the concentrated extract, and the amount of the pectinase is more than 2 mPas, and the amount of the pectinase is properly increased.
Example 2: extracting the leftover bits and pieces of tobacco, and concentrating separately
The tobacco leaf with the shredding leftovers has high maturity and high crystallinity of the fiber structure.
A new method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving the performance of coating paint by assistance of biological enzyme comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a first complex enzyme in the extraction process of the crushed tobacco leaves to prepare a tobacco leaf extracting solution;
(2) mixing the crushed tobacco leaf extract and the cut stem extract, and tempering;
(3) and (3) adding the second complex enzyme into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and concentrating at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain a coating liquid.
The first complex enzyme consists of endo-cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, amylase and protease, and the specific enzyme dosage is as follows: measured by per kilogram of raw material crushed tobacco
Endo-cellulose FPA: 750U, hemicellulase: 300U, pectinase: 0.5g, amylase: 300U; protease: 0.02g or ml.
Dissolving in warm water at 53 ℃, and mixing the shredded tobacco and the warm water according to the proportion of 1: 4.5, adding the crushed tobacco leaves, uniformly mixing, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 100min, then adding protease, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 20min, carrying out extrusion or suction filtration dehydration to obtain a flavor substance extracting solution, adding 55 ℃ warm water with the same volume as the extracting solution, washing the fiber raw material once, collecting filtrate, and mixing the filtrate with the extracting solution to obtain the tobacco leaf extracting solution.
After enzyme treatment, compared with the extraction without enzyme in hot water, the yield of the total extract can be improved from 45 percent to 55 percent, the total extraction rate can be improved by more than 20 percent, the total plant alkali extraction rate can be improved by 6 percent, the yield of the total reducing sugar can be improved by 15 percent, and the content of amino acid can be improved by 40 percent.
And applying the second complex enzyme to the leaching liquor concentration process, concentrating the crushed tobacco leaf extracting solution at low temperature under reduced pressure, controlling the concentration temperature to be 55-65 ℃, concentrating until the total solid content is about 45%, and adding the second complex enzyme into the mixed extracting solution before concentration.
Through the treatment and action of the second complex enzyme, the viscosity of the concentrated coating liquid is reduced from 28-45 mPa.s (at 55 ℃) to 10-16 mPa.s, the content of reducing sugar is increased from 22% to 26%, and the content of nicotine is increased from 3% to 8% to more than 4.5%.
The average diameter of the particles is reduced to 45 percent from 620nm to 280nm
The stem shreds are mixed with the stem shreds concentrated solution (60%) at a ratio of 40% for coating, and the coating amount is increased from 40% to 48.5%.
The composition and dosage of the second complex enzyme are as follows: and (3) pectinase: 0.3 kg/m3And (3) concentrating the extract, namely cellulase: 0.10 kg/m3Concentrating the extract; hemicellulase (b): 0.10 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated is amylase 0.10 kg/m3Concentrating the extract;
example 3: extracting crushed tobacco leaves and cutting leftovers (tobacco leaf raw materials), mixing with the stem shred raw material extract, and concentrating
A new method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving the performance of coating paint by assistance of biological enzyme comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a first complex enzyme in the extraction process of the crushed tobacco leaves to prepare a tobacco leaf extracting solution;
(2) mixing the crushed tobacco leaf extract and the cut stem extract, and tempering;
(3) and (3) adding the second complex enzyme into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and concentrating at low temperature under reduced pressure to obtain a coating liquid.
The first complex enzyme consists of endo-cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, amylase and protease, and the specific enzyme dosage is as follows: measured by per kilogram of raw material crushed tobacco
Endo-cellulose FPA: 500U, hemicellulase: 300U, pectinase: 0.4g, amylase: 250U; protease: 0.015g or ml.
Dissolving in warm water of 50 ℃, and mixing the shredded tobacco and the warm water according to a ratio of 1: 4.2, adding the crushed tobacco leaves according to the proportion, uniformly mixing, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 90min, then adding protease, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 30min, carrying out extrusion or suction filtration dehydration to obtain a flavor substance extracting solution, adding 50 ℃ warm water with the same volume as the extracting solution, washing the fiber raw material once, collecting filtrate, and mixing the filtrate with the extracting solution to obtain the tobacco leaf extracting solution.
After enzyme treatment, compared with the method without enzyme hot water extraction, the yield of the total extract of the shredded tobacco can be improved from 43 percent to 52 percent, the total extraction rate can be improved by more than 20 percent, the total plant alkali extraction rate can be improved by 5 percent, the yield of the total reducing sugar can be improved by 18 percent, and the content of amino acid can be improved by 35 percent.
Applying a second complex enzyme to the leaching liquor concentration process, wherein the ratio of the crushed tobacco leaf extracting solution to the tobacco stem extracting solution is 1:1 (solid content), concentrating at 55-65 ℃ under reduced pressure at low temperature until the total solid content is about 45%, and adding a second complex enzyme into the mixed extract before concentration.
The extraction of the cut stems adopts hot water extraction, which is divided into two steps of extraction, firstly, soaking for 45 minutes at about 40 ℃ according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:4, dehydrating, removing the wastewater, and then, putting the wastewater into a water treatment system for harmless treatment to remove foreign flavor substances in the tobacco stems; then adding hot water into the pre-leached raw materials according to the liquid-to-liquid ratio (absolute dry basis) of 1:4, extracting at 50-55 deg.C for 90min, dewatering, and collecting liquid as tobacco stem extract
Through the treatment and action of the second complex enzyme, the viscosity of the concentrated coating solution is reduced from 30 mPas (at 55 ℃) to 16 mPas, the content of reducing sugar is increased from 22% to 25%, and the content of nicotine is increased from 3% to 8% to more than 4.3%.
The average diameter of the particles is reduced to 55 percent from 750nm to 420nm
The coating amount of the coating liquid after mixing and concentration is improved from 38 percent to 46 percent.
The composition and dosage of the second complex enzyme are as follows: and (3) pectinase: 0.5 kg/m3And (3) concentrating the extract, namely cellulase: 0.15 kg/m3Concentrating the extract; hemicellulase (b): 0.10 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated is amylase 0.15 kg/m3The extract to be concentrated
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for extracting flavor substances in broken tobacco and improving the performance of coating paint by assistance of biological enzyme is characterized in that: the method comprises the following two steps:
(1) adding a first compound enzyme in the extraction process of the broken tobacco leaves to prepare a broken tobacco extracting solution;
(2) adding a second complex enzyme into the refined crushed tobacco and tobacco stem extracting solution, and performing low-temperature reduced pressure concentration to obtain a coating liquid;
the first compound enzyme comprises the following components in percentage by weight,
calculated by per kilogram of raw material tobacco leaves:
endo-cellulase: FPA 200-
Hemicellulase (b): 200-5000U
And (3) pectinase: 0.005-0.75g or ml
Amylase: 5-500U;
the second complex enzyme is formed by combining two or more of pectinase, hemicellulase, amylase and cellulase, and the dosage of the second complex enzyme is calculated by the extract to be concentrated:
and (3) pectinase: 0.1-1.5 kg/m3
Cellulase: 0.01-0.25 kg/m3
Hemicellulase (b): 0.15-0.40 kg/m3
Amylase: 0.1-0.25 kg/m3。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (1) is specifically as follows: adding the first complex enzyme into water with the temperature of 30-70 ℃ and the pH value of 5-8 for dissolving, and mixing the crushed tobacco leaves and warm water according to the proportion of 1: adding shredded tobacco leaf at a ratio of 3.5-7, mixing, keeping temperature for 30-600min, adding protease at an amount of 0.005-0.50g or ml/kg for treating for 20-60min, squeezing or vacuum filtering to obtain shredded tobacco extractive solution.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: adding the first complex enzyme into water with the temperature of 45-55 ℃ and the pH of 6-7.2, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for 60-240 min.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the treatment time with protease is 20-40 min.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the second complex enzyme is added before or during the low-temperature concentration.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the tobacco stem extracting solution is extracted in two steps, firstly, the tobacco stems are soaked for 40-50 minutes at the temperature of about 35-45 ℃ according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1: 3-5, and then the tobacco stems are dehydrated to remove foreign flavor substances in the tobacco stems; and then adding hot water into the pre-leached raw materials according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: 3-5, extracting for 80-100 minutes at 50-55 ℃, dehydrating and collecting liquid to obtain a tobacco stem extracting solution.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first compound enzyme comprises the following components in percentage by weight,
calculated by per kilogram of raw material tobacco leaves:
endo-cellulase: FPA 500-
Hemicellulase (b): 200-300U
And (3) pectinase: 0.4-0.5g
Amylase: 200- & lt300 & gt.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the second complex enzyme is adjusted according to the content of the particles and the viscosity of the extracting solution to be concentrated,
when the extract to be concentrated is sieved by a 300-mesh sieve, the content of particulate matters is below 2.5 percent, and the dosage of cellulase is 0.05-0.10 kg/m3(ii) a The particulate matter is 2.5-3.5%, and the cellulase dosage is 0.10-0.15 kg/m3(ii) a When the viscosity of the extractive solution to be concentrated is less than 2 mPa.s, the amount of pectinase is 0.1-0.25 kg/m3The dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.15-0.20 kg/m3The dosage of amylase is 0.1-0.15 kg/m3(ii) a When the viscosity of the extractive solution to be concentrated is greater than 2 mPa.s, the amount of pectinase is 0.25-1.5 kg/m3The dosage of the hemicellulase is 0.20-0.40 kg/m3The dosage of amylase is 0.15-0.25 kg/m3。
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Application publication date: 20200616 |