CN111269040A - Straw organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw organic fertilizer, and a production process thereof, which comprises a fermentation process, a mixing process and a post-processing process, wherein (1) the fermentation process comprises the following steps: A. pre-fermentation B and main fermentation; (2) the mixing process comprises the following steps: A. crushing, namely crushing raw materials including wheat and/or corn straws; B. mixing the raw materials; C. controlling the water content; (3) post-processing process segment, A, crushing, B, drying, C and cooling; the invention has the beneficial effects that by adopting the process, pig manure, chicken manure, sheep manure, straw and the like can be treated, so that the environment is protected, and an organic fertilizer is provided.

Description

Straw organic fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, in particular to a straw organic fertilizer.

Background

Modern agriculture is mainly characterized by high input, high yield and high efficiency, wherein continuous and mass use of chemical fertilizers is a basic means for realizing high efficiency and high benefit in modern agriculture, and all countries around the world have no exception. However, the application of a large amount of fertilizer for a long time reduces the stress resistance of crops, including disease and insect resistance, lodging resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance and the like, so that the yield is reduced and the product quality is reduced. And physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil are deteriorated, the normal proportion of nutrient elements in the soil is destroyed, and the soil fertility is reduced. Therefore, the development of a fertilizer having both a fertilizer function and an ability to eliminate environmental pollution has become an industry trend, and people pay great attention to a biofertilizer having characteristics of no pollution to the environment and crops and elimination of environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a straw organic fertilizer.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a straw organic fertilizer,

the production process comprises a fermentation process, a mixing process and a post-processing process,

(1) the fermentation process comprises the following steps:

A. pre-fermentation

Taking pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure as raw materials and straw as an auxiliary material, adding fermentation strains in proportion, and adding the mixture into a mixing pre-fermentation device for inoculation, full mixing and pre-fermentation of organic materials;

B. main fermentation

Adopting triple-combination horizontal aerobic fermentation equipment, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50-70 ℃, generally controlling the fermentation temperature at 5 ℃, finishing feeding the fermentation tank for 48 hours to reach more than 50 ℃, inserting industrial thermometers at two ends and in the middle of the fermented material by fermentation personnel, carefully recording each batch of fermentation, starting a fermentation machine to turn the fermentation tank every day after the temperature is not higher than 70 ℃ and the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, finishing the fermentation for 7-8 days, enabling the color to be dark brown without feces odor but with compost odor, collecting biogas, feeding the biogas into a biogas boiler through a water seal tank and a flame arrester to burn, providing heat for a fermentation device, a granulation and drying unit, and feeding the fermented raw material into an aging area for stacking;

(2) blending process

A. Pulverizing

Crushing raw materials including wheat and/or corn stalks;

B. mixing of raw materials

Mixing the raw materials according to the test result and a reasonable proportion, wherein the proportion requirement reaches the execution standard of national standard NY525-2012, the total nutrient is more than 5 percent, the organic matter is more than 45 percent, and the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a stirrer;

C. moisture content control

Adding straw powder or organic materials with high C/N ratio and low water content, wherein the water content of the treated raw materials is 45-60%, and the C/N ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1, adding auxiliary materials and fully crushing;

(3) post-processing technology section

A. Pulverizing

Aging the fermentation raw materials for 15 days, mixing and crushing, airing or drying if the water content of the materials is higher than 30% when preparing the powder organic fertilizer, and directly crushing the materials by a chain when preparing granular fertilizer, and granulating in a disc;

B. drying by baking

Selecting a belt dryer, controlling the temperature of a hot air inlet to be between 200 and 300 ℃, ensuring that the temperature of materials is not higher than the specified temperature in the whole drying process, then lifting the materials by a lifting plate to carry out full drying, controlling the temperature of a discharge port of a drying cylinder to be between 50 and 70 ℃, pumping out moist hot air from the tail part of the dryer through an exhaust fan through a pipeline, entering a settling chamber for dedusting, spraying and dedusting tail gas through a washing tower after settling, pumping out spray water by a water pump for recycling, and exhausting the tail gas into the atmosphere through a chimney after secondary dedusting treatment;

C. cooling down

The dried materials are conveyed to a cooling machine through a belt conveyor to be cooled, the cooled materials enter screening, large-particle materials are crushed and then screened again, and finished products enter an automatic packaging system to be packaged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the pig manure, chicken manure, sheep manure, straw and the like can be treated by adopting the process, so that the environment is protected, and an organic fertilizer is provided.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when used in this specification the singular forms "a", "an" and/or "the" include "specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, or modules, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The production process flow and the proportion condition are as follows:

mixing raw materials for assay, detection → straw (main material) and livestock and poultry feces (auxiliary material) in proportion, adding fermentation strain → mixed pre-fermentation → horizontal aerobic fermentation → fermentation completion for aging → mixed ingredient → crushing → a: disc granulation → drying machine → cooling machine → sieving machine → finished product assay

(1) Fermentation process

a. Pre-fermentation

The preparation method comprises the steps of taking pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure as raw materials and straw as an auxiliary material, adding fermentation strains in proportion, adding the fermentation strains into a mixing pre-fermentation device, and carrying out inoculation, full mixing and pre-fermentation on organic materials.

b. Main fermentation

A triple-combination horizontal aerobic fermentation device is adopted, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50-70 ℃, generally, the fermentation temperature is 5 ℃, the temperature can reach more than 50 ℃ after the feeding of a fermentation tank is finished for 48 hours, fermentation personnel insert industrial thermometers at two ends and in the middle of the fermentation materials, each batch of fermentation is carefully recorded, the temperature cannot exceed 70 ℃, a fermentation machine is started to turn over piles every day after the temperature rises to 50 ℃, and the color is dark brown after the fermentation is finished for 7-8 days, and the manure odor is not generated but the compost odor exists. The biogas is collected and enters a biogas boiler for combustion through a water seal tank and a flame arrester, and heat is provided for units such as a fermentation device, granulation, drying and the like. The fermented raw materials enter an aging zone to be stacked.

(2) Mixing process section

a. Pulverizing

Pulverizing raw materials (straws of wheat, corn, etc.).

b. Mixing of raw materials

The raw materials are mixed according to the test result and the reasonable proportion. The proportioning requirement reaches the execution standard of national standard NY525-2012, the total nutrient is more than 5%, and the organic matter is more than 45%. Mixing in a stirrer.

c. Moisture content control

Adding straw powder or organic materials with high C/N ratio and low water content, wherein the water content of the treated raw materials is 45-60%, and the C/N ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1. adding adjuvants, and pulverizing.

(3) Post-processing technology section

a. Pulverizing

And aging the fermentation raw materials for 15 days, mixing and crushing, airing or drying if the water content of the materials is higher than 30% when preparing the powder organic fertilizer, and directly crushing the materials by a chain when preparing the granular fertilizer, and granulating in a disc.

b. Drying by baking

The method comprises the steps of selecting a belt type dryer, controlling the temperature of a hot air inlet to be between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, ensuring that the temperature of materials is not higher than the specified temperature in the whole drying process, lifting the materials through a lifting plate to perform full drying, controlling the temperature of a discharge port of a drying cylinder to be between 50 and 70 ℃, pumping out moist hot air from the tail of the dryer through an exhaust fan through a pipeline, allowing the hot air to enter a settling chamber for dedusting, spraying and dedusting tail gas through a washing tower after settling, pumping out spray water through a water pump for recycling, and discharging the tail gas into the atmosphere through a chimney after secondary dedusting treatment.

c. Cooling down

The dried materials are conveyed to a cooling machine through a belt conveyor to be cooled, the cooled materials enter screening, large-particle materials are crushed and then screened again, and finished products enter an automatic packaging system to be packaged.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A straw organic fertilizer is characterized in that,

the production process comprises a fermentation process, a mixing process and a post-processing process,

(1) the fermentation process comprises the following steps:

A. pre-fermentation

Taking pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure as raw materials and straw as an auxiliary material, adding fermentation strains in proportion, and adding the mixture into a mixing pre-fermentation device for inoculation, full mixing and pre-fermentation of organic materials;

B. main fermentation

Adopting triple-combination horizontal aerobic fermentation equipment, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50-70 ℃, generally controlling the fermentation temperature at 5 ℃, finishing feeding the fermentation tank for 48 hours to reach more than 50 ℃, inserting industrial thermometers at two ends and in the middle of the fermented material by fermentation personnel, carefully recording each batch of fermentation, starting a fermentation machine to turn the fermentation tank every day after the temperature is not higher than 70 ℃ and the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, finishing the fermentation for 7-8 days, enabling the color to be dark brown without feces odor but with compost odor, collecting biogas, feeding the biogas into a biogas boiler through a water seal tank and a flame arrester to burn, providing heat for a fermentation device, a granulation and drying unit, and feeding the fermented raw material into an aging area for stacking;

(2) blending process

A. Pulverizing

Crushing raw materials including wheat and/or corn stalks;

B. mixing of raw materials

Mixing the raw materials according to the test result and a reasonable proportion, wherein the proportion requirement reaches the execution standard of national standard NY525-2012, the total nutrient is more than 5 percent, the organic matter is more than 45 percent, and the raw materials are fully and uniformly mixed in a stirrer;

C. moisture content control

Adding straw powder or organic materials with high C/N ratio and low water content, wherein the water content of the treated raw materials is 45-60%, and the C/N ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1, adding auxiliary materials and fully crushing;

(3) post-processing technology section

A. Pulverizing

Aging the fermentation raw materials for 15 days, mixing and crushing, airing or drying if the water content of the materials is higher than 30% when preparing the powder organic fertilizer, and directly crushing the materials by a chain when preparing granular fertilizer, and granulating in a disc;

B. drying by baking

Selecting a belt dryer, controlling the temperature of a hot air inlet to be between 200 and 300 ℃, ensuring that the temperature of materials is not higher than the specified temperature in the whole drying process, then lifting the materials by a lifting plate to carry out full drying, controlling the temperature of a discharge port of a drying cylinder to be between 50 and 70 ℃, pumping out moist hot air from the tail part of the dryer through an exhaust fan through a pipeline, entering a settling chamber for dedusting, spraying and dedusting tail gas through a washing tower after settling, pumping out spray water by a water pump for recycling, and exhausting the tail gas into the atmosphere through a chimney after secondary dedusting treatment;

C. cooling down

The dried materials are conveyed to a cooling machine through a belt conveyor to be cooled, the cooled materials enter screening, large-particle materials are crushed and then screened again, and finished products enter an automatic packaging system to be packaged.