CN105016802B - A kind of bioreactor and the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff - Google Patents
A kind of bioreactor and the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016802B CN105016802B CN201510403089.0A CN201510403089A CN105016802B CN 105016802 B CN105016802 B CN 105016802B CN 201510403089 A CN201510403089 A CN 201510403089A CN 105016802 B CN105016802 B CN 105016802B
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bioreactors, and including pedestal, closed reaction chamber's roof on pedestal is provided with feed inlet, bottom wall is provided with discharge port, and inner cavity lower horizontal is provided with agitating shaft, and agitating shaft is equipped with agitator arm；Zymotic fluid entrance is provided on roof, the nozzle being placed in capping room is connected by pipeline with zymotic fluid import；Pressure gauge, thermometer and humidometer are installed on its roof, the upper and lower position of left side end wall offers air intlet and steam inlet respectively, and the top of right side end wall offers exhaust outlet；Headlamp is equipped in capping room, side wall is equipped with observation window.The invention also discloses the methods using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff.The growth of scavenging insect and aerobic solid fermentation process are rationally effectively combined by the present invention in the bioreactor of full-closed structure, to solid organic castoff processing ratio more thoroughly, non-secondary pollution, obtained microbial-bacterial fertilizer and polypide feed added value higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biology and environmental technology field, more particularly, to a kind of hermetically sealed bioreactor, the present invention
Further relate to the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff.
Background technology
With social progress and economic development, food and drink, food processing, the industries such as fermentation and livestock and poultry cultivation will produce daily
Raw a large amount of solid organic castoff includes the poor slag of kitchen garbage, feces of livestock and poultry, rot fruit vegetables and fermentation industry
Deng.According to statistics, the kitchen garbage that Beijing generates daily is just up to 1600 tons or more；Monthly generate 1 ton/ten thousand people estimation, the whole nation
Hundred million populations of l3.4 monthly generate the kitchen garbage for having ten thousand tons of l3.4.And the night soil-treatment problem of livestock and poultry breeding industry is more severe,
With the fast development of Chinese livestock and poultry breeding industry, feces of livestock and poultry yield is also increasing sharply, Chinese feces of livestock and poultry yield
It has been more than within 1980 1400000000 tons, 2011 up to 21.21 hundred million tons, and will increase sharply with the increase of livestock and poultry cultivation amount, it arrives
The year two thousand twenty and the year two thousand thirty are expected that 28.75 hundred million tons and 37.43 hundred million tons will be respectively reached.The yield of these solid organic castoffs is huge
Greatly, treatment effeciency is low or even arbitrarily discharges, and not only waste of resource, more pollutes environment, has seriously affected livestock and poultry industry
Sustainable development, while public health and food security are endangered again, it runs counter to China and creates conservation-minded society and sustainable development
Theory.How these resources for misplacing position are carried out with cycleization using as urgent need to resolve in Chinese society economic development
Problem.
On the other hand, due to the abuse of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide in traditional agriculture, soil hardening and micro- life are had resulted in
The adverse consequences that state is unbalance, there is an urgent need to protect and promoted for farmland quality.It is applied into soil micro- rich in functions such as phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposings
Biology biological organic fertilizer, can not only play improve soil microenvironment, prevent hardening function, and can also reach it is disease-resistant,
Drought resisting and the effect of enhancing plant absorption nutriment.
Now, scale processing solid organic castoff generally uses aerobic compost or producing methane through anaerobic fermentation technology.On
It is often long there are the period to state technology, is affected by natural climate, when mismanagement is easy to cause secondary pollution problems.
Scavenging insect includes housefly（Musca domestica L.）, chrysomyia megacephala（Chrysomyia
megacephala F.）With the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck（Hermertia illucens L.）, have growth cycle is short, biomass is big,
The features such as manageability, feeding cost are low, animal palatability is good.Larva can be decomposed rapidly using many kinds of solids organic waste,
It is translated into biological organic fertilizer and insect protein in a short time, has a vast market development prospect.Meanwhile current research
Show that partial function microorganism plays vital booster action in insect handles waste.Therefore, using microorganism and
Insect is jointly processed by solid organic castoff, can not only improve treatment effeciency, shortens process cycle；Moreover, the worm after processing
In excrement also there are a part can sporiferous microorganism, the microbial function organic fertilizer to produce high economic value added provides pole
Greatly may.
Although existing method can realize that scale quickly handles organic waste substantially, technically there are still
Very big innovation space, such as existing processing unit is open system, is mostly reacted in shallow slot or hopper, not only temperature
It is difficult to control with material moisture, since the peculiar smell that insect growth and material fermentation generate can also cause secondary dirt in processing procedure
Dye.So there is an urgent need to develop go out a kind of safety and environmental protection, the special bio reactor of all-sealed structure and a kind of work of exploitation
Skill simplicity, safety, low cost and the method for converting solid organic castoff easy to spread.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of biological respinse of all-sealed structure
Device, the present invention also provides the methods using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff.
To achieve the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals：
Bioreactor of the present invention including pedestal, lies in a horizontal plane in the closed reaction chamber on the pedestal, described
The roof of closed reaction chamber offers feed inlet, bottom wall offers discharge port, the setting of closed reaction chamber inner cavity lower horizontal
There is agitating shaft motor-driven, agitator arm is provided on the agitating shaft；Zymotic fluid entrance is offered on the roof,
The nozzle being placed in above closed reaction chamber inner cavity is connected by pipeline with the zymotic fluid import；In the capping ceiling
Pressure gauge, thermometer and humidometer on wall are installed, opened up respectively at the upper and lower position of end wall on the left of the closed reaction chamber
There are air intlet and steam inlet, the top of end wall offers exhaust outlet on the right side of the closed reaction chamber；The capping
Headlamp is provided in indoor chamber, observation window is provided on closed reaction chamber's side wall.
The roof is composed of fixed plate and the opening-closing plate being hinged in the fixed plate, and the feed inlet is opened in
On the opening-closing plate, flexible sealing strip, the opening-closing plate outer side edges and side are provided in the inner surface edge of the opening-closing plate
Fastening clip is provided between wall, the upper surface of the opening-closing plate outer side edges is provided with knob.
The agitator arm is double-spiral structure, and flexible rubber film is coated in its outer edge.
The arc-shaped structure of bottom wall of the closed reaction chamber, the discharge outlet being opened on arc bottom wall is movably set with close
Block plate.
The feed inlet passes through feed-inputing branched pipe along the multiple settings in bioreactor length direction interval, the feed inlet
It is connect with the discharging joint sealing of slurry transferring box, the inlet connector of the slurry transferring box is conveyed by feeding main pipe with slurry
Pump seal connects.
Method using the bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff of the present invention includes the following steps：
The solid organic castoff being collected into is sorted, is crushed by the first step, enters in blender plus water stirring is slurry
Material is sent to slurry transferring box interior sealing by slurry delivery pump and stores；
Slurry in transferring box is sent into dedicated bioreactor, while accesses the children of scavenging insect by second step
Worm, and be passed through compressed gas, on a preset condition based stir culture；Then by cultured microbial fermentation bacterium solution according to certain ratio
Example is accessed from bioreactor zymotic fluid entrance in material, and periodic agitation ventilation, after the completion for the treatment of scavenging insect growth, adjustment contains
To setting value, bottom discharge mouth of the worm material mixture through bioreactor is transported in storage bin water；
Third walks, and the worm material mixture in storage bin is sieved by horizontal vibration, collects polypide and biology respectively
Organic fertilizer, polypide drying become feed, biological organic fertilizer package storage after quality testing qualification.
For the material that the stinks such as kitchen garbage, pig manure are larger, can saccharomycete be added in the material in turnning box in the slurry
Or after lactic acid bacteria carries out anaerobic fermentation, then it is sent in bioreactor and is handled.
Scavenging insect used in the present invention includes housefly（Musca domesticaL.）, chrysomyia megacephala
（Chrysomyia megacephalaF.）With the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck（Hermertia illucensL.）；Microbial fermentation bacterium
Liquid includes the zymocyte liquid that bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and saccharomycete are obtained through cultivation and fermentation.
The advantage of the invention is that bioreactor can be effectively prevent the escape of insect, more using full-closed structure
Add the moisture and temperature for accurately controlling material reaction, air caused by preventing the odorous gas generated in insect feeding process is dirty
Dye；The material entered in bioreactor will be processed into slurry simultaneously, feeding is convenient, less energy consumption and is more easily controlled and safeguards；
The growth of scavenging insect and aerobic solid fermentation process are rationally effectively combined by the present invention in bioreactor, right
Solid organic castoff handles ratio more thoroughly, non-secondary pollution, and obtained microbial-bacterial fertilizer and polypide feed added value are more
Height substantially increases the economic value of product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of bioreactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of roof in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of slurry therewith transferring box of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, bioreactor of the present invention, including pedestal 1, the closing lain in a horizontal plane on pedestal 1 is anti-
Room 2 is answered, the roof of closed reaction chamber 2 offers feed inlet 3, bottom wall offers discharge port 4, and the arc-shaped structure of bottom wall is opened in
Sealing baffle is movably set at discharge port 4 on arc bottom wall；It is provided in 2 inner cavity lower horizontal of closed reaction chamber by electricity
The agitating shaft 6 that machine 5 drives is provided with agitator arm 7 on agitating shaft 6, and agitator arm 7 is double-spiral structure, in its outer edge
It is coated with flexible rubber film；Zymotic fluid entrance 8 is offered on roof, the nozzle 9 being placed in above closed reaction chamber inner cavity passes through
Pipeline is connected with zymotic fluid entrance 8；Be equipped on closed reaction chamber's roof detection reaction chamber interior environment pressure gauge 9,
Thermometer 10 and humidometer 11 offer air intlet 12 at the upper and lower position of end wall on the left of the closed reaction chamber and steam respectively
Vapor inlet 13, the top of end wall offers exhaust outlet 14 on the right side of closed reaction chamber；Illumination is provided in closed reaction chamber inner cavity
Lamp 15 is provided with observation window 16 on closed reaction chamber's side wall, to observe the fermentation form of the growth of polypide and slurry at any time.
As shown in Fig. 2, the roof of bioreactor of the present invention is hinged at by fixed plate 17 and by hinge in fixed plate
Opening-closing plate 18 is composed（17 width of fixed plate is smaller, accounts for the 1/3 of roof, and 18 width of opening-closing plate is larger, accounts for the 2/3 of roof）,
Feed inlet 3 is opened on opening-closing plate 18, and flexible sealing strip 19, opening-closing plate outside are provided in the inner surface edge of opening-closing plate 18
Fastening clip 20 is provided between side and side wall, to ensure sealing effect during reactor work, close to opening-closing plate outer side edges
Upper surface is provided with knob 21, convenient to overhaul to open opening-closing plate 18 with when safeguarding reative cell inner cavity.
For the number of handled solid organic castoff total amount, the length of bioreactor can adjust, multiple chargings
Mouth 3 is arranged at intervals along bioreactor length direction, and each feed inlet 3 passes through the discharging connector of feed-inputing branched pipe and slurry transferring box 22
23 are tightly connected, and the inlet connector 24 of slurry transferring box 22 is connected by feeding main pipe and slurry conveying pump seal, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, material can be used as rubber in the feed-inputing branched pipe that both ends are connected respectively with the discharging connector 23 of feed inlet 3 and slurry transferring box 22
Stainless steel or stainless iron can be used in the hose of glue, canvas or plastics, the discharging connector 23 and inlet connector 24 of slurry transferring box 22
Nipple.
Method using the bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff of the present invention includes the following steps：
The solid organic castoff being collected into is collected by the first step by transport vehicle, sorts out gold contained therein
Category, plastics etc. are crushed to the material of 1 ~ 2mm of diameter, enter blender and water adjustment moisture content is added then to stir 85% or so
Into slurry；22 interior sealing of slurry transferring box is sent to by slurry delivery pump to store；If processing kitchen garbage, pig manure etc.
The larger material of stink needs to add saccharomycete by 0.3% or so of material gross weight（Such as Angel Yeast）Or lactic acid bacteria carries out anaerobism
Fermentation carries out deodorization；
Slurry in slurry transferring box 22 is stored to after a certain amount of, the present invention is sent to by slush pump by second step
Dedicated bioreactor（As shown in Figure 1）In, while the inoculum concentration of 1000 ~ 2000/kg slurries is pressed from multiple feed inlets 3
Access scavenging insect（Such as the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck）Larva, the valve being then shut off at feed inlet 3 keeps the sealing of reative cell
Property；In incubation, it is passed through from air intlet 12 and is adjusted through cold-heat exchanger to the appropriate air of 10 ~ 42 DEG C of temperature, together
When stirred 5 minutes with 40 revs/min of rate every left and right for 24 hours, control material temperature reacts indoor environment at 30 ~ 40 DEG C or so
It is monitored by pressure gauge 9, thermometer 10 and the humidometer 11 on closed reaction chamber's roof；When the indoor slurry of reaction
When material needs sterilization, high-temperature steam can be passed through from steam inlet 13, steam and air are finally all in reative cell peripheral hardware
It is discharged under the action of the air-introduced machine put by exhaust outlet 14；By observation window 16, the hair of slurry in observing response room can be facilitated
Ferment process：Form, color and the moisture variation of observation fermentation slurry and insect growth situation；
Culture was to the 7th day（Treat that polypide growth is completed）, by dehvery pump by the microbial fermentation bacterium solution in fermentation tank（It can
To be bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid or bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor or saccharomycetes to make fermentation liquid）By material total amount in reative cell
3% enters from zymotic fluid entrance 8, is accessed in material by nozzle 9, stirred evenly simultaneously, continues culture two days later, raising is passed through
The temperature of air（45℃）And intake is increased, extend mixing time（Stirring 30 minutes/24 hours）, finally make object in reative cell
The water content of material is down to 35% or so, and processing procedure terminates, and bottom discharge mouth 4 of the worm material mixture through bioreactor is conveyed
To storage bin；
For improve processing solid organic castoff working efficiency, bioreactor can multiple arrangeds, formed cycle
Continuous treatment process.
Third walks, the worm material mixture in storage bin focus on it is a certain amount of after, open discharge port, material sent to level
Worm, material are carried out screening separation by vibrating screen, and movable polypide is processed into insect albumen powder as animal by dries pulverizing equipment
Feed addictive includes the biological organic fertilizer of a large amount of microorganism fungus kinds after quality testing qualification, is granulated and packed by batch mixing
Storage.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of bioreactor, including pedestal（1）, lie in a horizontal plane in the pedestal（1）On closed reaction chamber（2）, it is described
Closed reaction chamber（2）Roof offer feed inlet（3）, bottom wall offer discharge port（4）, it is characterised in that：The closing is anti-
Answer room（1）Inner cavity lower horizontal is provided with by motor（5）The agitating shaft of drive（6）, the agitating shaft（6）On be provided with paddle
Wheel（7）, the agitator arm（7）For double-spiral structure, flexible rubber film is coated in its outer edge；It is opened on the roof
Equipped with zymotic fluid entrance（8）, the nozzle that is placed in above closed reaction chamber inner cavity（9）Pass through pipeline and the zymotic fluid entrance（8）
It is connected；Pressure gauge is installed on closed reaction chamber's roof（9）, thermometer（10）And humidometer（11）, in the envelope
It closes on the left of reative cell and offers air intlet respectively at the upper and lower position of end wall（12）And steam inlet（13）, in the closing
The top of end wall offers exhaust outlet on the right side of reative cell（14）；Headlamp is provided in the closed reaction chamber inner cavity（15）, institute
It states and is provided with observation window on closed reaction chamber's side wall（16）；
The feed inlet（3）Along the closed reaction chamber（2 ）The multiple settings in length direction interval, the feed inlet（3）By into
Expect branch pipe and slurry transferring box（22）Discharging connector（23）It is tightly connected, the slurry transferring box（22）Inlet connector（24）
It is connected by feeding main pipe and slurry conveying pump seal.
2. bioreactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The roof is by fixed plate（17）Be hinged at institute
State the opening-closing plate in fixed plate（18）It is composed, the feed inlet（3）It is opened in the opening-closing plate（18）On, in the folding
Plate（18）Inner surface edge be provided with flexible sealing strip（19）, fastening is provided between the opening-closing plate outer side edges and side wall
Fastener（20）, the upper surface of the opening-closing plate outer side edges is provided with knob（21）.
3. bioreactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The arc-shaped knot of bottom wall of the closed reaction chamber
Structure, the discharge port being opened on arc bottom wall（4）Place is movably set with sealing baffle.
4. the method for the bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff using claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including following steps
Suddenly：
The solid organic castoff being collected into is sorted, is crushed by the first step, enters in blender plus water stirs into slurry, lead to
It crosses slurry delivery pump and is sent to the storage of slurry transferring box interior sealing, saccharomycete is added into slurry transferring box or lactic acid bacteria carries out
Anaerobic fermentation and deodorization；
Slurry in transferring box is sent into dedicated bioreactor, while accesses the larva of scavenging insect by second step, and
Compressed gas is passed through, on a preset condition based stir culture；Then by cultured microbial fermentation bacterium solution according to a certain percentage from
In bioreactor zymotic fluid entrance access material, periodic agitation ventilation after the completion for the treatment of scavenging insect growth, adjusts water content
To setting value, bottom discharge mouth of the worm material mixture through bioreactor is transported in storage bin；
Third walks, and the worm material mixture in storage bin is sieved by horizontal vibration, collects polypide and biological organic respectively
Fertilizer, polypide drying become feed, biological organic fertilizer package storage after quality testing qualification.
5. the method for bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The food
Corruption insect includes housefly, chrysomyia megacephala and the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck；The microbial fermentation bacterium solution includes bacillus subtilis, huge
The zymocyte liquid that Bacterium anthracoides and saccharomycete are obtained through cultivation and fermentation.
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| CN201510403089.0A CN105016802B (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | A kind of bioreactor and the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff |
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| CN201510403089.0A CN105016802B (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | A kind of bioreactor and the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff |
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| CN105016802B true CN105016802B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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| FI128522B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2020-07-15 | Ari Juhani Riihimaa | An apparatus and a method for growing invertebrates |
| CN106478225A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-03-08 | 泰山医学院 | A kind of preparation method of high protein killing pests and preventing diseases bio-feritlizer |
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