CN111264341A - Selenium-rich soil additive and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Selenium-rich soil additive and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111264341A
CN111264341A CN202010216879.9A CN202010216879A CN111264341A CN 111264341 A CN111264341 A CN 111264341A CN 202010216879 A CN202010216879 A CN 202010216879A CN 111264341 A CN111264341 A CN 111264341A
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selenium
leftovers
parts
enriched
rich
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马高齐
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马高齐
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a selenium-rich soil additive and a preparation method and application thereof. The selenium-rich soil additive comprises 13-25 parts of selenium-containing raw materials and 80-85 parts of selenium-rich excrement, wherein the selenium-containing raw materials are selected from multiple kinds of astragalus leftovers, purslane leftovers, alfalfa leftovers, chenopodium album leftovers, rhododendron leftovers, wheat leftovers, peanut leftovers, sesame leftovers, daylily leftovers, pumpkin leftovers, pine branch leftovers and sunflower leftovers. The selenium-rich soil additive does not contain inorganic selenium, the selenium content of the selenium-rich soil containing the selenium-rich soil additive is high, the inorganic selenium does not need to be added in any form when the selenium-rich soil is used for planting plants, and the selenium content of various planted plants is high.

Description

Selenium-rich soil additive and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to selenium-rich soil, in particular to a selenium-rich soil additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Selenium is a nutrient element necessary for animals and also a nutrient element beneficial to plants. Selenium is divided into plant active selenium and inorganic selenium, wherein the inorganic selenium generally refers to sodium selenite and sodium selenate, is usually obtained from byproducts of metal mineral reserves, has high toxicity, is not easy to be absorbed, and is not suitable for human and animals; the plant active selenium is formed by combining biotransformation with amino acid, generally existing in the form of selenomethionine, and is a selenium source which is allowed to be used by human beings and animals.
A large number of researches show that selenium has the effects of resisting cancer, resisting oxidation and the like, can enhance the immunity of a human body, regulate the absorption and utilization of various vitamins and regulate the synthesis of protein, and is also an important component of the function of muscle. Selenium deficiency in humans can cause dysfunction of some vital organs, which in turn leads to decreased immune competence and the development of many serious diseases. At present, people with low selenium or selenium deficiency can prevent diseases such as tumor, liver disease and the like by supplementing selenium in a proper amount from diet, improve the immunity of the organism and maintain the normal functions of important organs such as heart, liver, lung, stomach and the like.
However, a plurality of countries in the world are in selenium-deficient areas, a plurality of provinces in China are also in selenium-deficient or low-selenium zones, and the selenium content in food and soil in one area has a direct relation with the incidence rate of cancers, so that the significance of researching selenium-enriched soil and further developing natural selenium-enriched agricultural products is great.
The Chinese patent application with publication number CN 107980541A discloses a selenium-rich soil for planting, which improves the soil of the traditional land into a cultivation medium suitable for cultivation, wherein the cultivation medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of common cultivated land soil and 3-10 parts of organic selenium-rich fertilizer; wherein, the organic selenium-rich fertilizer consists of two parts: comprises a selenium-rich fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, wherein the dosage of the selenium-rich fertilizer and the organic fertilizer is 1:5-10 by weight; the selenium-rich fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 95-100 parts of protein raw material, 1-5 parts of selenium mineral powder and 0.5-1 part of graphene oxide; the organic fertilizer is prepared by retting 35-40 parts of crop straw padding and 60-65 parts of livestock and poultry manure by weight, and the straw is prepared from 30-50 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of corn straw and 10-20 parts of wheat straw by weight. When the selenium-rich soil is used for planting the sweet potatoes, the selenium content is only 24.9 mug/kg, and the selenium content is lower.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a selenium-rich soil additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention provides a selenium-rich soil additive, which comprises the following raw materials of 13-25 parts of selenium-containing raw materials and 80-85 parts of selenium-rich excrement, wherein the selenium-containing raw materials are selected from a plurality of astragalus leftovers, purslane leftovers, alfalfa leftovers, chenopodium album leftovers, red grass leftovers, wheat leftovers, peanut leftovers, sesame leftovers, day lily leftovers, pumpkin leftovers, pine branch leftovers and sunflower leftovers.
In the present invention, the leftovers of the plants refer to waste parts of the plants, such as straws of the plants.
Further, the selenium-containing raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of astragalus leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of portulaca oleracea leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of alfalfa leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of chenopodium album leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of erythrosine leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of wheat leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of peanut leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of sesame leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of daylily leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of pumpkin leftovers, 2.5-3.5 parts of pine branch leftovers and 2.5-3.5 parts of sunflower leftovers.
In the present invention, the selenium-enriched excreta includes at least one of selenium-enriched animal feces and selenium-enriched animal urine. Further, the selenium-enriched animal is an animal fed with a selenium-containing raw material or a selenium-enriched feed; the animals are not strictly limited, such as sheep, cattle, etc. The selenium-containing material can be one or more of the above plant leftovers, and the selenium-rich feed can be the above plants and animal feed processed from the above plants.
Further, the selenium-rich soil additive is formed by fermenting the raw material compost; the composting fermentation method is not strictly limited, and the conventional composting method in the field can be adopted.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the selenium-enriched soil additive, which comprises the following steps: mixing the selenium-containing raw material and the selenium-rich excrement according to the parts by weight; further, composting fermentation may be performed after mixing.
Further, the time for fermentation of the compost may be 20-60 days.
The invention also provides application of the selenium-rich soil additive in preparation of selenium-rich soil.
The invention also provides selenium-rich soil, which comprises soil and the selenium-rich soil additive, wherein the selenium-rich soil additive is added into each mu of soil by 30-35 cubic meters.
The invention also provides the application of the selenium-rich soil in plant planting; the plants to be planted are not particularly restricted, and examples thereof include sesame, wheat, summer purslane, astragalus, pine twigs, alfalfa, quinoa, and erythorbe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the selenium-rich soil additive adopts leftovers of various plants and animal excreta as raw materials, has low cost and is beneficial to resource utilization of wastes.
2. The selenium-rich soil additive is added into the selenium-rich soil, and the selenium content of the selenium-rich soil is up to 0.84 mg/kg.
3. Inorganic selenium is not added in the selenium-rich soil additive; when the selenium-rich soil containing the selenium-rich soil additive is used for planting plants, inorganic selenium is not added in any form, and the selenium content of various plants planted in the selenium-rich soil is high.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Firstly, selenium-containing raw material
The selenium-containing raw material of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of astragalus membranaceus straw, 1 part of purslane straw, 1 part of alfalfa straw, 1 part of chenopodium album straw, 1 part of rhododendron rubrum straw, 1 part of wheat straw, 1 part of peanut straw, 2 parts of sesame straw, 2 parts of daylily straw, 2 parts of pumpkin straw, 3 parts of pinewood straw and 3 parts of sunflower straw.
Mixing the raw materials according to the parts by weight to obtain the selenium-containing raw material.
Selenium-rich sheep manure
Feeding alfalfa to the sheep flock in a conventional feeding mode, and collecting excrement discharged by the sheep flock to obtain selenium-rich sheep excrement; the fed flocks of sheep are selenium-rich sheep, and the mutton is selenium-rich mutton.
Detecting the selenium content in the selenium-rich mutton by GB 5009.93-2017 (determination of selenium in national standard food for food safety); the results show that: the selenium content in the selenium-rich mutton is 0.087 mg/kg.
Selenium-rich soil additive
And (3) mixing 19 parts of the selenium-containing raw material with 81 parts of the selenium-rich sheep manure, and then composting for 20 days at normal temperature (about 30 ℃) to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Selenium-rich soil
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 33 cubic meters to obtain the selenium-rich soil.
Detecting the selenium content in the selenium-enriched soil by adopting HJ680-2013 microwave digestion/atomic fluorescence method for measuring mercury, arsenic, selenium, bismuth and antimony in soil and sediments; the results show that: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.84 mg/kg.
Example 2
Firstly, selenium-containing raw material
The selenium-containing raw material of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 part of astragalus straw, 1.5 parts of purslane straw, 1.5 parts of alfalfa straw, 0.5 part of chenopodium album straw, 1.5 parts of rhododendron pulchrum straw, 1.5 parts of wheat straw, 0.5 part of peanut straw, 2.5 parts of sesame straw, 1.5 parts of day lily straw, 2.5 parts of pumpkin straw, 3.5 parts of pine branch straw and 2.5 parts of sunflower straw.
Mixing the raw materials according to the parts by weight to obtain the selenium-containing raw material.
Selenium-rich mutton and selenium-rich sheep manure
Feeding the sheep flocks with the red sage in a conventional feeding way, and collecting the excrement discharged by the sheep flocks to obtain the selenium-rich sheep excrement.
Selenium-rich soil additive
And (3) mixing 20 parts of the selenium-containing raw material with 80 parts of the selenium-rich sheep manure, and then composting for 30 days at normal temperature (about 20 ℃) to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Selenium-rich soil
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 30 cubic meters to obtain selenium-rich soil; through detection: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.78 mg/kg.
Example 3
Firstly, selenium-containing raw material
The selenium-containing raw material of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of astragalus straw, 0.5 part of purslane straw, 0.5 part of alfalfa straw, 1.5 parts of chenopodium album straw, 0.5 part of rhododendron pulchrum straw, 0.5 part of wheat straw, 1.5 parts of peanut straw, 1.5 parts of sesame straw, 2.5 parts of day lily straw, 1.5 parts of pumpkin straw, 2.5 parts of pine branch straw and 3.5 parts of sunflower straw.
Mixing the raw materials according to the parts by weight to obtain the selenium-containing raw material.
Selenium-rich sheep manure
Feeding chenopodium quinoa willd to a sheep flock in a conventional feeding mode, and collecting excrement discharged by the sheep flock to obtain the selenium-rich sheep excrement.
Selenium-rich soil additive
And (3) mixing 18 parts of the selenium-containing raw material with 85 parts of the selenium-rich sheep manure, and then composting for 45 days at normal temperature (about 10 ℃) to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Selenium-rich soil
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 35 cubic meters to obtain selenium-rich soil; through detection: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.81 mg/kg.
Example 4
Mixing 19 parts of the selenium-containing raw material in the embodiment 1 with 81 parts of selenium-rich sheep manure to obtain a selenium-rich soil additive; adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 33 cubic meters to obtain the selenium-rich soil.
Detecting the selenium content in the selenium-enriched soil by adopting HJ680-2013 microwave digestion/atomic fluorescence method for measuring mercury, arsenic, selenium, bismuth and antimony in soil and sediments; the results show that: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.80 mg/kg.
Comparative example 1
Mixing 20 parts of astragalus membranaceus straws in example 1 with 80 parts of selenium-rich sheep manure, and composting at normal temperature (about 20 ℃) for 30 days to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 30 cubic meters to obtain selenium-rich soil; through detection: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.41 mg/kg.
Comparative example 2
10 parts of purslane straw and 10 parts of sesame straw in example 1 are mixed with 80 parts of selenium-rich sheep manure, and then composting is carried out at normal temperature (about 20 ℃) for 30 days, so as to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 30 cubic meters to obtain selenium-rich soil; through detection: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.64 mg/kg.
Comparative example 3
Mixing 7 parts of sesame straw, 7 parts of yellow flower straw and 7 parts of pine branch in example 1 with 80 parts of selenium-rich sheep manure, and then composting at normal temperature (about 20 ℃) for 30 days to obtain the selenium-rich soil additive.
Adding the selenium-rich soil additive into each mu of land by 30 cubic meters to obtain selenium-rich soil; through detection: the selenium content in the selenium-rich soil is 0.70 mg/kg.
Test examples
Various plants were planted in the selenium-rich soil of example 1 by a conventional planting method, without adding any inorganic selenium during the planting process.
The selenium content in the planted plants was measured by GB 5009.93-2017 "determination of selenium in national standard food for food safety", and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 selenium content in plants grown
Planting plants Selenium content (mg/kg)
Black sesame 0.097
Malt 0.033
Purslane herb 0.017
Radix astragali 0.020
Pine branch 0.14
Alfalfa 0.020
All-grass of Largeleaf Farfugium 0.023
All-grass of Reddish clover 0.022
Table 1 the results show that: when the selenium-rich soil is used for planting various plants, the selenium content in the plants is high.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The selenium-rich soil additive is characterized by comprising 13-25 parts of selenium-containing raw materials and 80-85 parts of selenium-rich excrement, wherein the selenium-containing raw materials are selected from multiple kinds of astragalus leftovers, purslane leftovers, alfalfa leftovers, chenopodium album leftovers, rhododendron leftovers, wheat leftovers, peanut leftovers, sesame leftovers, day lily leftovers, pumpkin leftovers, pine branch leftovers and sunflower leftovers.
2. The selenium-enriched soil additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium-containing raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of astragalus leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of portulaca oleracea leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of alfalfa leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of chenopodium album leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of erythrosine leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of wheat leftovers, 0.5-1.5 parts of peanut leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of sesame leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of daylily leftovers, 1.5-2.5 parts of pumpkin leftovers, 2.5-3.5 parts of pine branch leftovers and 2.5-3.5 parts of sunflower leftovers.
3. The selenium enriched soil additive of claim 1 or 2, wherein the selenium enriched excreta comprises at least one of selenium enriched animal manure and selenium enriched animal urine.
4. The selenium-enriched soil additive of claim 3, wherein the selenium-enriched animal is an animal fed a selenium-containing feedstock or a selenium-enriched feed.
5. The selenium enriched soil additive of claim 1 or 2 formed by fermentation of said feedstock compost.
6. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched soil additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises: mixing the selenium-containing raw material and the selenium-rich excrement according to the parts by weight;
preferably, composting fermentation is performed after mixing.
7. The selenium-enriched soil additive of claim 6, wherein the time for fermentation of the compost is 20-60 days.
8. Use of the selenium enriched soil additive of any one of claims 1-5 in the preparation of selenium enriched soil.
9. Selenium-enriched soil, which is characterized by comprising soil and the selenium-enriched soil additive disclosed by any one of claims 1-5, wherein the selenium-enriched soil additive is added in an amount of 30-35 cubic meters per mu of soil.
10. Use of the selenium enriched soil of claim 9 for plant cultivation.
CN202010216879.9A 2020-03-25 2020-03-25 Selenium-rich soil additive and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111264341A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103518458A (en) * 2013-10-23 2014-01-22 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 Method for using selenium-containing organic fertilizer
CN106747717A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 刘继顺 A kind of selenium-rich seedling medium and preparation method for cultivating organic Se-rich vegetables
CN107935721A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-20 沈平瑞 A kind of preparation method of the selenium-enriched organic fertilizer of refuse reclamation
CN107954785A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-24 沈平瑞 The preparation method of the long-acting organic fertilizer of Se-enriched bio
CN108834799A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-20 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of implantation methods of nature selenium-rich pueraria lobata
CN109220648A (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-18 重庆市瑞远农业开发有限公司 Improve the implantation methods of rice organic selenium content

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103518458A (en) * 2013-10-23 2014-01-22 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 Method for using selenium-containing organic fertilizer
CN106747717A (en) * 2016-12-16 2017-05-31 刘继顺 A kind of selenium-rich seedling medium and preparation method for cultivating organic Se-rich vegetables
CN107935721A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-20 沈平瑞 A kind of preparation method of the selenium-enriched organic fertilizer of refuse reclamation
CN107954785A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-24 沈平瑞 The preparation method of the long-acting organic fertilizer of Se-enriched bio
CN108834799A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-20 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of implantation methods of nature selenium-rich pueraria lobata
CN109220648A (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-18 重庆市瑞远农业开发有限公司 Improve the implantation methods of rice organic selenium content

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