CN111248076A - Bottle hanging drip irrigation device for arbor planting in arid region and drip irrigation water retention method - Google Patents
Bottle hanging drip irrigation device for arbor planting in arid region and drip irrigation water retention method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248076A CN111248076A CN202010182727.1A CN202010182727A CN111248076A CN 111248076 A CN111248076 A CN 111248076A CN 202010182727 A CN202010182727 A CN 202010182727A CN 111248076 A CN111248076 A CN 111248076A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
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Abstract
A bottle hanging drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions are disclosed, wherein the drip irrigation device comprises a water storage bottle and a flow guide pipe; the water storage bottle comprises a top cover, a bottle body and a bottom spiral cover; the top cover and the bottom rotary cover are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the bottle body, and the top cover, the bottle body and the bottom rotary cover are movably connected; a filter part is arranged in the bottom rotary cover of the water storage bottle; one end of the flow guide pipe is movably connected with the bottom of the water storage bottle; the honeycomb duct is at least provided with two water outlet end holes. The drip irrigation water retention method comprises the following steps: step one, arbor planting; step two, manufacturing and installing a drip irrigation device; and step three, watering regularly. By adopting the drip irrigation device and the drip irrigation water retention method to irrigate the trees planted in the arid regions, the underground drip irrigation and the water retention agent can be effectively used in a matched manner, so that the irrigation water is directly applied to the root parts of the plants, the water utilization efficiency is improved, the drought tolerance time of the trees is prolonged, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of arbor water-saving irrigation, in particular to a bottle hanging drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions.
Background
Many arid regions are long in dry seasons, if some arid regions are islands, the drought time in autumn and winter often exceeds 4-5 months, and due to the influence of northeast monsoon in winter and salt fog in air, all or part of plants, especially trees planted in the first year, are withered. Most islands have the problem of shortage of fresh water resources, the domestic water of residents is very short, and the irrigation water for repairing the islands vegetation is more difficult to ensure the supply. The water requirement for planting the arbor in vegetation restoration is large, the root system of the arbor planted in the first year is short, the drought resistance is poor, and most of the arbor planted in the same year withers if the drought time exceeds 4 months.
In order to solve the problem of water shortage in vegetation restoration areas, a drip irrigation method is generally adopted to improve the utilization efficiency of water. The traditional irrigation mode is easy to generate deep leakage and surface runoff, water is diffused on the surface, the surface evaporation amount is large, the water reaching the root is small, the irrigation efficiency is low, the laying cost is high in islands lacking fresh water resources or in regions far away from water source regions, and the drip irrigation system is not suitable for laying. In addition, the root system of the arbor planted in the first year is short, and the water absorption capacity from the soil is poor. The water retention capacity of soil in most island areas is poor, and the drought resistance of plants is improved by adopting the mode of dry application of the water retention agent in a matching way, but the water absorption time of the dry application of the water retention agent is short, so that the water retention agent cannot absorb water fully, and the water retention efficiency cannot be brought into full play; the water-retaining agent after dry application is affected by compacted soil, the expansion space of the water-retaining agent is limited, and the water absorption effect of the water-retaining agent is also affected; if the water-retaining agent is fully absorbed with water, the volume of the water-retaining agent is expanded, soil is loosened, and the stability of new seedlings is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bottle hanging drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions, wherein the drip irrigation device is simple in overall structure, simple and convenient to manufacture, low in cost and convenient and fast to operate; the drip irrigation water retention method can effectively and directly apply irrigation water to the root system of the plant, and the water retention agent is used in cooperation, so that the water storage capacity of soil and the water supply capacity to the root system of the plant are improved, the drought tolerance time of the arbor is prolonged, and the cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is: a bottle hanging and drip irrigation device for arbor planting in arid regions comprises a water storage bottle and a flow guide pipe; the water storage bottle comprises a top cover, a bottle body and a bottom spiral cover; the top cover and the bottom rotary cover are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the bottle body, and the top cover, the bottle body and the bottom rotary cover are movably connected; a filter part is arranged in the bottom rotary cover of the water storage bottle; the filtering component comprises a particle filtering layer and a flexible filtering layer; the flexible filter layer is arranged at the inner bottom end of the bottom spiral cover; the particle filtering layer is arranged on the flexible filtering layer; one end of the flow guide pipe is movably connected with the bottom of the water storage bottle; the honeycomb duct is at least provided with two water outlet end holes.
Furthermore, the top cover is at least provided with a vent hole; the bottom spiral cover is provided with a flow guide pipe hole, and the aperture of the flow guide pipe hole is matched with the outer diameter of the flow guide pipe.
Furthermore, the particle filtering layer is made of granular coarse sand or small gravel, the particle size of the particle filtering layer is larger than the inner diameter of the guide pipe hole, and the laying thickness of the particle filtering layer is 5-10 cm;
the flexible filter layer is a cotton or fiber filter material.
Further, the flow guide pipe comprises a first guide pipe and a second guide pipe; the first guide pipe is connected with the second guide pipe, and one end of the first guide pipe is inserted into a guide pipe hole of a bottom spiral cover in the water storage bottle; the water outlet end hole is formed in the second guide pipe. The first catheter also comprises a balloon water guide ball and a flow regulator; the flow regulator is sleeved on the first conduit; the air sac water guide ball is connected with the first conduit and is positioned above the flow regulator.
Furthermore, the second conduit is a plastic hose with the length of 20-30 cm and the diameter of 0.5-1 cm.
Furthermore, the device also comprises at least one dripper, and the dripper is connected with the other end of the flow guide pipe; the dripper comprises a water inlet, a drip irrigation main body and at least one water outlet; a cavity is arranged in the drip irrigation main body; the water inlet hole and the water outlet hole are both arranged on the surface of the drip irrigation main body and are both communicated with the cavity; the aperture of the water inlet hole is matched with the outer diameter of the other end of the flow guide pipe; the drip irrigation main body is of a spherical structure or a columnar structure, and the diameter of the drip irrigation main body is 2-4 cm; the diameter of the water outlet hole is 0.1-0.2 cm, and the water outlet hole is radially and uniformly distributed along the surface of the drip irrigation main body by taking the water inlet hole as a center.
A bottle hanging drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions comprises the following steps:
step one, arbor planting: excavating a tree planting hole, taking a proper amount of water-retaining agent, fully absorbing water by the water-retaining agent, fully mixing the water-retaining agent with soil dug out of the planting hole, placing part of the mixture at the lower layer of the hole, then placing a tree seedling, backfilling the rest of the mixture of the water-retaining agent and the planting soil around the root system of the tree seedling in the hole, and treading tightly;
step two, manufacturing and installing the drip irrigation device: the water storage bottle is tied tightly by a thin rope, so that the top cover of the water storage bottle is upward, the bottom rotary cover is downward and hung on the trunk of the planted arbor, and then the guide pipe is connected with the water storage bottle;
step three, watering regularly: when the continuous drought exceeded 2 months, with the inside irrigation water that fills of water storage bottle, open the flow regulator of honeycomb duct, drip irrigation water in the water storage bottle to plant roots, later use every month and drip irrigation the device and water 1 ~ 2 times, stop using after until great rainfall appears.
Further, the width and the depth of the planting hole in the first step are both 40-50 cm; the weight of the dry water-retaining agent applied in each pit is 30-50 g; the water-retaining agent and soil mixture placed at the bottom of the planting hole accounts for 1/3 of the total weight of the mixture; the water retention agent and soil mixture around the root of the seedling in the planting hole is 2/3 of the total weight of the mixture.
Further, the drip irrigation devices in the second step are synchronously installed during arbor planting or installed during dry winter after arbor planting; the hanging height of the water storage bottle is 1.5-2 m away from the ground; the drip irrigation device is synchronously installed when arbors are planted, after soil is backfilled and the arbors are tamped, the second guide pipe of the guide pipe is abutted against the tree trunk and is horizontally placed above the root system of the arbors, one end of the first guide pipe is connected with the second guide pipe, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected with the water storage bottle, finally, planting soil with the thickness of about 10cm is covered, the arbors are tamped, and saplings are fixed; the drip irrigation device is installed in the drought period in winter after arbor planting, a small ditch with the depth of about 5-10 cm needs to be dug in soil close to the root of an arbor, the second guide pipe is horizontally placed in the ditch and placed above a plant root system, the first guide pipe is connected with the second guide pipe, the soil is covered, and the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are compacted.
Furthermore, after the flow regulator of the flow guide pipe in the third step is opened, the flow of the irrigation water in the pipe is less than 30ml/min, and the time for the irrigation water in the water storage bottle to flow into the soil is ensured to exceed 1 hour.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the drip irrigation device and the drip irrigation water retention method to irrigate trees planted in arid regions, the possibility of small-range water-saving irrigation is provided for arid regions with remote water sources and unsuitable drip irrigation systems through water storage components contained in the drip irrigation device, and the drip irrigation device is simple in overall structure, simple and convenient to manufacture, low in cost and convenient to operate; can effectively use through the underground drip irrigation with the cooperation of water-retaining agent, will irrigate water and directly apply to plant roots position, avoid the fast problem of earth's surface moisture evaporation, further improve the moisture storage and the plant roots water absorption capacity of soil, improve moisture utilization efficiency, prolong the drought-enduring time of arbor, guarantee the survival rate of plant, the waste of the fresh water resource that significantly reduces, further the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a drip irrigation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a drip irrigation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the water bottle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention in use with a tree;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a drip irrigation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention in use with a tree;
FIG. 6 is a volume change trend chart of the water absorption process of the water retaining agent of the invention.
Reference numerals
The drip irrigation device comprises a water storage bottle 1, a top cover 11, a vent hole 11 ', a bottle body 12, a bottom rotary cover 13, a flow guide pipe hole 13', a filtering part 14, a particle filtering layer 15, a flexible filtering layer 16, a flow guide pipe 2, an air bag water guide ball 21, a flow regulator 22, a first guide pipe 23, a second guide pipe 24, a water outlet hole 25, a water dropper 3, a water inlet hole 31, a drip irrigation main body 32, a water outlet hole 33 and a drip irrigation device 4.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a portable bottle hanging underground drip irrigation device 4 comprises a water storage bottle 1 and a guide pipe 2; the water storage bottle 1 comprises a top cover 11, a bottle body 12 and a bottom screw cap 13; the top cover 11 and the bottom rotary cover 13 are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the bottle body 12, the top cover 11 and the bottle body 12 are in snap connection or threaded connection, and the bottle body 12 and the bottom rotary cover 13 are in threaded connection; in this embodiment, the top cover 11 is provided with a vent hole 11', which ensures that the internal air pressure of the water storage bottle 1 is the same as the ambient air pressure, so that the irrigation water in the water storage bottle 1 can flow into the flow guide pipe 2 under the action of gravity to discharge water; in the embodiment, the bottom rotary cover 13 is provided with a flow guide pipe hole 13 ', the aperture of the flow guide pipe hole 13 ' is matched with the outer diameter of the flow guide pipe 2, so that one end of the flow guide pipe 2 is inserted into the flow guide pipe hole 13 ' to be connected with the bottom rotary cover 13, and the assembly of the flow guide pipe 2 and the water storage bottle 1 is realized; a filter part 14 is arranged in the bottom-passing rotary cover 13 of the water storage bottle 1; the filter member 14 includes a particle filtration layer 15, a flexible filtration layer 16; the flexible filter layer 16 is arranged on the guide pipe hole 13' in the bottom rotary cover 13; in this embodiment, the flexible filtering layer 16 is cotton, so that the irrigation water can be conveniently filtered by the cotton; the particle filtration layer 15 is placed on the flexible filtration layer 16; in this embodiment, the particle filter layer 15 is made of large granular coarse sand, the particle diameters of the particle filter layer 15 are all larger than the inner diameter of the flow guide pipe hole 13', the laying thickness of the particle filter layer 15 is 5cm, so that irrigation water can be conveniently filtered through the granular coarse sand, and the flow guide pipe 2 is prevented from being blocked by particles such as silt and algae in the water; the flexible filter layer 16 is compacted by the granular coarse sand, so that the flexible filter layer 16 can be prevented from floating away from the water inlet of the draft tube 2 under the buoyancy action of water, and the draft tube 2 can be prevented from being blocked; the draft tube 2 comprises a first conduit 23, a second conduit 24; a plurality of water outlet end holes 25 are formed in the two ends and the surface of a second guide pipe 24 of the guide pipe 2, one end of the first guide pipe 23 is inserted into one of the water outlet end holes 25 in the center of the second guide pipe 24, and the other end of the first guide pipe is inserted into a guide pipe hole 13' of the bottom spiral cover 13 in the water storage bottle 1; in this embodiment, the second conduit 24 is a plastic hose with a length of 30cm and a diameter of 1 cm; the other end of the first guide pipe 23 in the flow guide pipe 2 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the water storage bottle 1 in an inserting mode, so that the irrigation water inside the water storage bottle 1 can enter the second guide pipe 24 through the first guide pipe 23 of the flow guide pipe 2 and then uniformly flows to the two ends of the second guide pipe 24, the plants are irrigated through the plurality of water outlet end holes 25 in the second guide pipe 24, the water outlet section is enlarged by adopting the plurality of water outlet end holes 25, and the probability of blockage of the water outlet end of the drip irrigation device 4 is reduced.
The first conduit 23 further comprises a balloon water guide ball 21, a flow regulator 22; the flow regulator 22 is sleeved on the first conduit 23; the air bag water guide ball 21 and the first guide pipe 23 are integrally formed and are positioned above the flow regulator 22, so that a user can conveniently squeeze the air bag water guide ball 21 to change the air pressure of the guide pipe 2 and suck the irrigation water in the water storage bottle 1 into the guide pipe 2.
The balloon water guide ball 21 is not limited to be integrally formed with the first conduit 23, and can be fixedly inserted into the hose 23.
The specific operation of the user in the drip irrigation is as follows: firstly, embedding the second conduit 24 of the flow guide pipe 2 above a plant root system, covering soil and compacting, then opening the top cover 11, filling the bottle body 12 of the water storage bottle 1 with irrigation water, covering the top cover 11, then opening the flow regulator 22 on the first conduit 23, controlling the quantitative delivery of the irrigation water, enabling the irrigation water to flow to the second conduit 24 through the first conduit 23, and finally flowing out from a plurality of water outlet end holes 25 on the second conduit 24 to irrigate the plant root system; by adopting a plurality of water outlet end holes 25, the water outlet section is enlarged, and the probability of blockage of the water outlet end of the drip irrigation device 4 is reduced; and directly will irrigate the water direction plant roots, avoided the fast problem of earth's surface moisture evaporation, improved water utilization efficiency, reduced the consumption of water resource, practiced thrift the cost.
Example two:
the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is: the drip irrigation device 4 further comprises two drippers 3; the second guide pipe 24 of the guide pipe 2 only comprises two water outlet end holes 25, and the two water outlet end holes 25 are positioned at two ends of the second guide pipe 24; the first guide duct 23 is connected to the middle of the second guide duct 24.
As shown in fig. 2, the two drippers 3 are respectively connected to two water outlet end holes 25 of the second conduit 24; in this embodiment, the dripper 3 includes a water inlet 31, a drip irrigation body 32, and 65 water outlets 33; a cavity is arranged in the drip irrigation main body 32, in this embodiment, the drip irrigation main body 32 is a spherical structure, and the diameter of the drip irrigation main body 12 is 4 cm; the water inlet holes 31 and the 65 water outlet holes 33 are all arranged on the surface of the drip irrigation main body 32, the 65 water outlet holes 33 are arranged in 8 longitudinal rows along the surface of the drip irrigation main body 32 by radiation with the water inlet holes 31 as the center, the distance between every two adjacent water outlet holes 33 in each longitudinal row is about 0.5cm, the diameter of each water outlet hole 33 is 0.2cm, the water inlet holes 31 and the water outlet holes 33 are both communicated with the cavity, when the water outlet hole 33 at the bottom end of the drip irrigation main body 32 is blocked, water flow is accumulated in the cavity of the drip irrigation main body 32 and reaches the position of the water outlet hole 33 in the previous transverse row, and then the water is seeped out through the water outlet hole 33 in the previous transverse row to irrigate soil, so that the water outlet section can be effectively expanded through the water outlet holes 33 in; in this embodiment, the aperture of the water inlet hole 31 is matched with the outer diameter of the second conduit 24 of the flow guide pipe 2, so that the two ends of the second conduit 24 of the flow guide pipe 2 are conveniently inserted into the water inlet holes 31 of the two drippers 3, and the irrigation water in the flow guide pipe 2 is guided into the drip irrigation main body 32 through the water outlet hole 25 and the water inlet hole 31 of the second conduit 24 and flows out through the water outlet hole 33, thereby realizing the irrigation of plants; in the present embodiment, in actual production, the number of the water outlet holes 33 can be increased or decreased as required, and the diameter of the drip irrigation body 32 can be changed or the diameter of the water outlet holes 33 can be changed.
The specific operation of the user in the drip irrigation is as follows: firstly, connecting two drippers 3 with two ends of a second conduit 24 of a flow guide pipe 2, embedding the second conduit 24 and the two drippers 3 above a plant root system, covering soil and compacting, then opening a top cover 11, covering the bottle body 12 of a water storage bottle 1 with irrigation water, returning the top cover 11, then opening a flow regulator 22 on a first conduit 23 to control the quantitative delivery of the irrigation water, wherein the irrigation water flows to the second conduit 24 through the first conduit 23, finally flows out from water outlet holes 25 at two ends of the second conduit 24, enters a cavity inside a drip irrigation main body 32 in the drippers 3, flows out from a water outlet hole 33 at the bottom end of the drippers 3, and irrigates the plant root system; when the water outlet 33 at the bottom end of the drip irrigation main body 32 is blocked, water flow is accumulated in the cavity of the drip irrigation main body 32 and reaches the position of the water outlet 33 in the previous horizontal row, and then seeps out through the water outlet 33 in the previous horizontal row, so that the root system of the plant is irrigated; the water outlet section is enlarged by adopting the plurality of water outlet holes 33, so that the probability of blockage of the drip irrigation main body 32 is obviously reduced; and directly will irrigate the water direction plant roots, avoided the fast problem of earth's surface moisture evaporation, improved water utilization efficiency, reduced the consumption of water resource, practiced thrift the cost.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, an embodiment of the present application further provides a bottle hanging drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions, including the following steps:
step one, arbor planting: excavating a tree planting hole, taking a proper amount of water-retaining agent, fully absorbing water by the water-retaining agent, fully mixing the water-retaining agent with soil dug out of the planting hole, placing part of the mixture at the lower layer of the hole, then placing a tree seedling, backfilling the rest of the mixture of the water-retaining agent and the planting soil around the root system of the tree seedling in the hole, and treading tightly; in the present example, the width and depth of the planting hole are both 50 cm; the weight of the dry water-retaining agent applied in each pit is 50 g; the water-retaining agent and soil mixture placed at the bottom of the planting hole accounts for 1/3 of the total weight of the mixture; 2/3 weight percent of the mixture of water retention agent and soil around the root of the sapling in the planting hole;
step two, manufacturing and installing the drip irrigation device 4: the water storage bottle 1 is tied tightly by a thin rope, so that the top cover 11 of the water storage bottle 1 faces upwards, the bottom rotary cover 13 faces downwards and is hung on a planted arbor, and then the guide pipe 2 is connected with the water storage bottle 1; in this example, drip irrigation device 4 and install when the arbor is planted in step, specifically be: after the arbor sapling is placed and backfilled with soil for tamping, the water outlet end hole 25 in the center of the second guide pipe 24 of the guide pipe 2 is abutted against the tree trunk, the second guide pipe 24 is kept to be horizontally placed above the root system of the plant, one end of the first guide pipe 23 is inserted into one water outlet end hole 25 in the center of the second guide pipe 24, the other end of the first guide pipe is connected with the water storage bottle 1, and finally, the arbor sapling is covered with soil with the thickness of about 10cm, tamped and fixed; the water storage bottle 1 is hung at a height 2m away from the ground.
Step three, watering regularly: when the continuous drought exceeds 2 months, the top cover 11 is opened, the top cover 11 is covered after the water storage bottle 1 is filled with irrigation water, the flow of the flow regulator 22 on the first guide pipe 23 is opened, the flow of the irrigation water in the pipe is less than 30ml/min after the guide pipe 2 is opened, the time that the irrigation water in the water storage bottle 1 flows into the soil is ensured to exceed 1 hour, so that the irrigation water in the water storage bottle 1 is dripped to the plant root system through the two water outlet ends of the second guide pipe 24, the drip irrigation device 4 is used for watering for 2 times every month, most of the irrigation water is ensured to be absorbed by the water retaining agent, and the water storage bottle is stopped to be used until large rainfall occurs.
Example four:
the difference between this example and the third embodiment is that: in the second step, the drip irrigation device 4 is manufactured and installed, and the drip irrigation device 4 is installed in the drought winter after the arbor is planted, specifically: digging a small ditch with the depth of about 10cm in the soil near the root of the arbor, horizontally placing the second guide pipe 24 of the drip irrigation device 4 into the ditch and above the root system of the plant, connecting the first guide pipe 23 with the second guide pipe 24, covering the soil back, and tamping.
The other steps are the same as those in the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, experiments show that the water-retaining agent has longer water absorption and expansion time, and the sufficient water absorption time is longer than 60 minutes, so that the water-retaining agent can have sufficient water absorption time by controlling the drip irrigation time by adopting the drip irrigation method; for example, in "screening drought-tolerant plants and researching drought-resistant technology in repairing sea-island vegetation" published in journal 2 of volume 35 of journal of academy of oceanology ", several typical sea-island plants are tested by adopting a water retention measure of water retention agent, and 1L of water is poured every 30 days to keep survival; therefore, the water-retaining agent is used in combination with the drip irrigation, so that the longer drought-enduring time of the new vegetation in the same year can be maintained with less water, and the waste of fresh water resources and the cost of transportation and irrigation are greatly reduced.
In conclusion, the drip irrigation device 4 and the drip irrigation water retention method are adopted to irrigate trees planted in arid regions, the water storage components contained in the drip irrigation device 4 can be effectively utilized, the possibility of small-range water-saving irrigation is provided for the arid regions with remote water sources and no drip irrigation system, and the drip irrigation device 4 is simple in overall structure, simple and convenient to manufacture, low in cost and convenient to operate; the water retention method capable of effectively achieving underground drip irrigation directly applies irrigation water to the root system of the plant, avoids the problem of fast evaporation of surface water, improves the water utilization efficiency, and meanwhile, the method adopts the water retention agent to be matched for use, can further improve the water storage capacity of the root system of the plant and soil, improves the utilization rate of water, prolongs the drought-enduring time of trees, ensures the survival rate of the plant, greatly reduces the waste of fresh water resources, and further reduces the cost.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above should not be understood to necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device (4) is driped irrigation to hanging bottle that arid area arbor was planted, its characterized in that: comprises a water storage bottle (1) and a flow guide pipe (2); the water storage bottle (1) comprises a top cover (11), a bottle body (12) and a bottom rotary cover (13); the top cover (11) and the bottom rotary cover (13) are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the bottle body (12), and the top cover (11), the bottle body (12) and the bottom rotary cover (13) are movably connected; a filter part (14) is arranged in a bottom rotary cover (13) of the water storage bottle (1); the filter element (14) comprises a particle filter layer (15), a flexible filter layer (16); the flexible filter layer (16) is arranged at the inner bottom end of the bottom rotary cover (13); the particle filtration layer (15) is placed on the flexible filtration layer (16); one end of the flow guide pipe (2) is movably connected with the bottom of the water storage bottle (1); the honeycomb duct (2) is at least provided with two water outlet end holes (25).
2. Drip irrigation device (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top cover (11) is at least provided with a vent hole (11'); the bottom rotary cover (13) is provided with a flow guide pipe hole (13 '), and the aperture of the flow guide pipe hole (13') is matched with the outer diameter of the flow guide pipe (2).
3. Drip irrigation device (4) according to claim 2, characterized in that: the particle filtering layer (15) is made of granular coarse sand or small gravel, particle diameters of the particle filtering layer (15) are larger than the inner diameter of the diversion pipe hole (13'), and the laying thickness of the particle filtering layer (15) is 5-10 cm; the flexible filter layer (16) is a cotton or fiber filter material.
4. Drip irrigation device (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the flow guide pipe (2) comprises a first guide pipe (23) and a second guide pipe (24); the first conduit (23) is connected with the second conduit (24), and one end of the first conduit (23) is inserted into a flow guide pipe hole (13') of the bottom rotary cover (13) in the water storage bottle (1); the water outlet end hole (25) is arranged on the second conduit (24): the first conduit (23) further comprises a balloon water guide ball (21) and a flow regulator (22); the flow regulator (22) is sleeved on the first conduit (23); the balloon water guide ball (21) is connected with the first conduit (23) and is positioned above the flow regulator (22).
5. Drip irrigation device (4) according to claim 4, characterized in that: the second conduit (24) is a plastic hose with the length of 20-30 cm and the diameter of 0.5-1 cm.
6. Drip irrigation device (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the water-saving device also at least comprises a dripper (3), wherein the dripper (3) is connected with the other end of the flow guide pipe (2); the dripper (3) comprises a water inlet hole (31), a drip irrigation main body (32) and at least one water outlet hole (33); a cavity is arranged in the drip irrigation main body (32); the water inlet hole (31) and the water outlet hole (33) are both arranged on the surface of the drip irrigation main body (32), and the water inlet hole (31) and the water outlet hole (33) are both communicated with the cavity; the aperture of the water inlet hole (31) is matched with the outer diameter of the other end of the draft tube (2); the drip irrigation main body (32) is of a spherical structure or a columnar structure, and the diameter of the drip irrigation main body (32) is 2-4 cm; the diameter of the water outlet (33) is 0.1-0.2 cm, and the water outlet (33) takes the water inlet (31) as the center and is radially and uniformly distributed along the surface of the drip irrigation main body (32).
7. A bottle hanging drip irrigation water retention method for arbor planting in arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, arbor planting: excavating a tree planting hole, taking a proper amount of water-retaining agent, fully absorbing water by the water-retaining agent, fully mixing the water-retaining agent with soil dug out of the planting hole, placing part of the mixture at the lower layer of the hole, then placing a tree seedling, backfilling the rest of the mixture of the water-retaining agent and the planting soil around the root system of the tree seedling in the hole, and treading tightly;
step two, manufacturing and installing the drip irrigation device (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 12: the water storage bottle (1) is tied tightly by a string, so that the top cover (11) of the water storage bottle (1) faces upwards, the bottom rotary cover (13) faces downwards and is hung on the trunk of the planted arbor, and then the guide pipe (2) is connected with the water storage bottle (1);
step three, watering regularly: when the continuous drought exceeds 2 months, the inside of the water storage bottle (1) is filled with irrigation water, the flow regulator (22) of the flow guide pipe (2) is opened, the irrigation water in the water storage bottle (1) is dripped to a plant root system, and then the drip irrigation device (4) is used for watering for 1-2 times every month until the rainfall is large and then the use is stopped.
8. The drip irrigation water retention method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the first step, the width and the depth of the planting hole are both 40-50 cm; the weight of the dry water-retaining agent applied in each pit is 30-50 g; the water-retaining agent and soil mixture placed at the bottom of the planting hole accounts for 1/3 of the total weight of the mixture; the water retention agent and soil mixture around the root of the seedling in the planting hole is 2/3 of the total weight of the mixture.
9. The drip irrigation water retention method according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the second step, the drip irrigation device (4) is synchronously installed when the arbor is planted or installed when the arbor is dry in winter after being planted; the hanging height of the water storage bottle (1) is 1.5-2 m away from the ground; the drip irrigation device (4) is synchronously installed when trees are planted, after soil is backfilled and compacted, a second guide pipe (24) of the guide pipe (2) is abutted against a trunk and horizontally placed above a plant root system, one end of a first guide pipe (23) is connected with the second guide pipe (24), the other end of the first guide pipe is connected with a water storage bottle (1), and finally planting soil with the thickness of about 10cm is covered, compacted and tree seedlings are fixed; the drip irrigation device (4) is installed in the drought period in winter after arbor planting, a small ditch is dug in soil close to the root of an arbor, the depth of the small ditch is about 5-10 cm, the second guide pipe (24) is horizontally placed in the ditch and placed above a plant root system, the first guide pipe (23) is connected with the second guide pipe (24), the second guide pipe covers the soil, and the soil is compacted.
10. The drip irrigation water retention method according to claim 7 or 9, characterized in that: after the flow regulator (22) of the draft tube (2) in the third step is opened, the flow of the irrigation water in the tube is less than 30ml/min, and the time for the irrigation water in the water storage bottle (1) to flow into the soil is ensured to exceed 1 hour.
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