CN111233333B

CN111233333B - Anti-slip glaze, anti-slip ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111233333B
Application number: CN202010175531.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 盛正强; 欧志勇; 曹端旭; 黄道聪; 陈展豪; 王永强
Original assignee: Chongqing Wonderful Ceramics Co ltd; Dongguan City Wonderful Ceramics Industrial Park Co Ltd; Jiangxi Hemei Ceramics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Wonderful Ceramics Co ltd; Dongguan City Wonderful Ceramics Industrial Park Co Ltd; Jiangxi Hemei Ceramics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-13
Filing date: 2020-03-13
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-13
Also published as: CN111233333A

Abstract

The invention discloses a slip-resistant glaze, a slip-resistant ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The anti-slip glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO2₂40 to 65 parts of Al₂O₃15-30 parts of Fe₂O₃0.1 to 0.5 part, 5 to 10 parts of CaO, 1 to 9 parts of MgO, and K₂1 to 4 portions of O and Na₂0.1-2 parts of O, 0.5-1.5 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.01 to 0.1 part of B₂O₃0.01 to 0.1 part of BaO and 5 to 9 parts of BaO. The surface of the non-slip ceramic tile does not form sharp convex peaks, the non-slip ceramic tile has a good non-slip function, the PTV value of the non-slip ceramic tile can be 36-65, the corresponding non-slip grade can reach R10-R13, the non-slip ceramic tile has a matt effect, and the glossiness of the non-slip ceramic tile is smaller than 3 degrees on average.

Description

Anti-slip glaze, anti-slip ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a non-slip glaze, a non-slip ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Ceramic tiles are widely classified into indoor ceramic tiles and outdoor ceramic tiles according to their places of use. The indoor ceramic tiles can be divided into indoor wall tiles and indoor floor tiles; outdoor ceramic tiles can also be classified into outdoor wall tiles and outdoor floor tiles. Currently, ceramic tile decoration in the market is mainly indoor, such as polished tile, glazed tile, polished tile, real stone ceramic tile, antique tile and inner wall ceramic tile. The products are almost decorated indoors, the antique bricks can be used outdoors, and although the surface of the antique bricks is matte, the antique bricks still have partial reflective effect under the irradiation of light and have certain light pollution. The outdoor ceramic tile is a mosaic used on the wall surface of a building, and has smaller specification and thinner thickness; the square bricks used on outdoor ground have the thickness of 16mm and smaller specification, and the specification is mostly below 30 × 60 cm.

In recent years, the decoration style suitable for the public becomes mainstream, and the ceramic tile is made of products such as marble-like polished tiles, glazed tiles and ceramic tiles. The public decoration space and the greening channel of the outdoor building outer wall and the residential area are mostly made of natural granite. However, the demand for outdoor ceramic tiles is increasing as the demand for granite materials required for floors in public places is decreasing, and therefore, the research and preparation of outdoor multifunctional ceramic tiles with slip resistance, wear resistance, lightless and pressure resistance is urgently needed.

Some outdoor ceramic tiles exist in the market, and the thickness of the outdoor ceramic tiles is 16mm and 20 mm; however, dry glaze is often combined with granite-like natural concave-convex texture to achieve its anti-slip function (hereinafter referred to as anti-slip ceramic tile prepared by dry method). This process has significant drawbacks:

1. although the outdoor ceramic tile has a good anti-slip effect, the surface is too rough, the particles are sharp and sharp, and secondary damage is easy to occur after the outdoor ceramic tile is accidentally fallen down;

2. the surface of the ceramic tile is not easy to clean, dirt and dirt are easy to store after the ceramic tile is used for a period of time, and the cotton and hemp conventional mop and rag are very laborious to use;

3. the surface of the decorative plate is worn after being stepped for a long time, and the color of the decorative pattern becomes light and white after being worn, so that the decorative effect is influenced.

4. The overglaze used by the product is conventional overglaze, the glazing amount is relatively large, the fine die-surface effect is influenced, and meanwhile, the cost is relatively increased due to the relatively large glazing amount.

The prior art discloses an anti-slip ceramic tile prepared by directly spraying ammonium fluoride, hydrochloric acid and other solutions on the surface of the ceramic tile, wherein the strong corrosivity of acid and alkali is utilized to corrode a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic tile to manufacture a rough surface so as to obtain an anti-slip effect, but the surface structure is damaged, the surface can be hidden and polluted, the cleaning is not easy, and the acid and alkali can cause secondary pollution.

The prior art also discloses a mixture of anti-slip glaze and dry particles, wherein the anti-slip glaze layer is actually 1mm, and the anti-slip glaze layer utilizes different particle sizes of the dry particles to obtain the surfaces of ceramic tiles with different roughness degrees, thereby achieving the anti-slip effect. The ceramic tile prepared by the method has an anti-skid function, but dry particles are expensive and difficult to prepare, and the ceramic tile has the advantages of higher difficulty in use and operation, poor stability, high control requirement and higher cost; and the dry particles have certain particle size and are distributed between 100 meshes and 250 meshes, so that bulges with different peak values can be formed on the surface of the ceramic tile, and secondary damage can be caused after the ceramic tile is accidentally fallen.

The prior art also discloses that particles with the particle size of more than 20 meshes are used in green body particles of a green brick, and the effect of forming a concave-convex brick surface is achieved by utilizing the fact that the green body particles are not consistent in stacking form to cause inconsistent shrinkage during firing, so that the anti-skidding effect is achieved. The method has the advantages that the production control difficulty is high, the large particles can form a screening phenomenon in the material distribution process, the large particles are concentrated, the product performance is influenced, the glaze-free decoration is realized, and the decoration effect is poor.

The prior art also discloses a process for improving the glazing amount of the surface of a ceramic tile by adopting at least two times of overglaze and one time of protective glaze, thereby improving the wear resistance of the surface of the ceramic tile and obtaining the anti-skid effect. The process method has the advantages of more glazing times, more complex process, more glazing amount, increased cost and higher requirement on the strength of the blank. Meanwhile, when the ceramic tile is applied to the surface of a mold, glaze slurry can fill and level the groove of the mold due to more glaze materials, so that the three-dimensional decoration effect of the ceramic tile of the mold is weakened.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a non-slip glaze, a non-slip ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, which aims to solve the problem that the surface of the non-slip ceramic tile in the prior art has protrusions with different peak values.

An anti-slip glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 240-65 parts of SiO, 315-30 parts of Al2O, 30.1-0.5 part of Fe2O30, 5-10 parts of CaO, 1-9 parts of MgO, 1-4 parts of K2O 1, 0.1-2 parts of Na2O 0.1, 0.5-1.5 parts of ZnO, 20.01-0.1 part of TiO20, B2O30.01-0.1 part of BaO and 5-9 parts of BaO.

The anti-slip glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 253.29 parts of SiO2O322.72 parts of Al2O30.3 parts of Fe2O30.19 parts of CaO, 4.99 parts of MgO, 2.68 parts of K2O 2.68, 0.57 part of Na2O 0.57, 1.05 parts of ZnO, 20.01 parts of TiO20.38 parts of B2O30.1 parts of BaO 7.1 parts of BaO.

The anti-slip glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, albite, calcite, water-washed kaolin, calcined kaolin, frit and calcium silicate.

The anti-slip glaze further comprises the following raw materials: zirconium silicate.

The anti-slip glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 251.71 parts of SiO251.71, 314.08 parts of Al2O314, 30.18 parts of Fe2O30.6 parts of CaO, 3.02 parts of MgO, 6.29 parts of K2O 6.29, 0.8 part of Na2O 0.8, 4.59 parts of ZnO, 20.06 parts of TiO20.06 parts of B2O30.43 parts of BaO 6.24 parts of BaO.

The anti-slip glaze is prepared from 325-mesh-sieve raw materials.

A non-slip ceramic tile, comprising: the body layer, the slip-resistant overglaze layer, the decorative pattern layer and the slip-resistant glaze slurry layer are sequentially stacked;

wherein the anti-slip overglaze layer and/or the anti-slip glaze slurry layer are/is the anti-slip glaze material.

A method for preparing the non-slip ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:

preparing a blank;

distributing an anti-slip overglaze on the green body to obtain an anti-slip overglaze layer;

spraying a decorative pattern on the slip-resistant cover glaze layer to obtain a decorative pattern layer;

and (4) distributing anti-slip glaze slip on the decorative pattern layer to obtain the anti-slip glaze slip layer.

The preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile comprises the following steps of distributing non-slip glaze slip on the decorative pattern layer to obtain a non-slip glaze slip layer: and coating black mica and/or flash dry particles on the anti-slip glaze slurry layer.

The preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile comprises the following steps:

providing green body powder;

manufacturing a blank mold;

and pressing the blank powder into a blank by using the blank mold through a forming press.

Has the advantages that: the surface of the non-slip ceramic tile does not form sharp convex peaks, the non-slip ceramic tile has a good non-slip function, the PTV value of the non-slip ceramic tile can be 36-65, the corresponding non-slip grade can reach R10-R13, the non-slip ceramic tile has a matt effect, and the glossiness is smaller than 3 degrees on average.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the non-slip ceramic tile of the present invention;

wherein: 1. a green body layer; 2. a slip-resistant overglaze layer; 3. a decorative pattern layer; 4. a slip-resistant glaze slurry layer; 5. a mixed layer of mica and flash dry particles.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the appearance of a non-slip ceramic tile produced by a dry granulation method according to the prior art.

FIG. 3 is another view of the prior art dry granulation process for preparing non-slip ceramic tiles.

FIG. 4 is a view showing the shape of the non-slip ceramic tile according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is another view of the non-slip ceramic tile made according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a non-slip glaze, a non-slip ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

An anti-slip glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO2₂40 to 65 parts of Al₂O₃15-30 parts of Fe₂O₃0.1 to 0.5 part, 5 to 10 parts of CaO, 1 to 9 parts of MgO, and K ₂1 to 4 portions of O and Na₂0.1-2 parts of O, 0.5-1.5 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.01 to 0.1 part of B₂O₃0.01 to 0.1 part of BaO and 5 to 9 parts of BaO.

After the non-slip glaze disclosed by the invention is fired, a large amount of uniform anorthite CaAl can be generated on the surface of a ceramic tile₂Si₂O₈Barium feldspar BaAl₂Si₂O₈The crystal has good anti-slip function, the PTV value can be between 36 and 65, the corresponding anti-slip grade can reach R10 to R13, and meanwhile, the crystal has a matt effect, and the glossiness is averagely less than 3 degrees.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the anti-slip glaze comprises, by weight: SiO2₂53.29 parts of Al₂O₃22.72 parts of Fe₂O₃0.3 part, CaO 7.19 parts, MgO 4.99 parts, K₂O2.68 parts and Na₂0.57 part of O, 1.05 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.01 part of B₂O₃0.1 part and 7.1 parts of BaO.

The slip-resistant glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, albite, calcite, water-washed kaolin, calcined kaolin, frit and calcium silicate. In the implementation process, the anti-slip glaze can be obtained after sintering by reasonably selecting the raw materials. The raw materials of the non-slip glaze material have the characteristics of easy acquisition and low price, and are suitable for large-scale industrial production. In one embodiment of the invention, the anti-slip overglaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of barium carbonate; 12 parts of potassium feldspar; 12 parts of albite; 1 part of calcite; washing 15 parts of kaolin; 25 parts of calcined kaolin; 21 parts of frit; 5 parts of calcium silicate.

Further, the raw materials of the anti-slip glaze also comprise: zirconium silicate. The zirconium silicate is used for adjusting the transparency or whiteness of the anti-slip glaze. Specifically, the weight percentage of the zirconium silicate in the non-slip glaze is 0-20%.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the frit comprises, in parts by weight: SiO2₂51.71 parts of Al₂O₃14.08 parts of Fe₂O₃0.18 part, CaO 12.6 parts, MgO 3.02 parts, K₂O6.29 parts and Na₂0.8 part of O, 4.59 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.06 part of B₂O₃0.43 part and BaO 6.24 parts. According to the invention, the addition of the frit can reduce the sintering temperature and expand the sintering range.

In one embodiment of the invention, the raw material of the slip-resistant glaze is 325 mesh below. Specifically, in the implementation process, the raw materials of the anti-slip glaze material are sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, wherein the residue on the sieve is controlled to be 0.3-0.5%. In other words, the particle size control parameters of the slip-resistant glaze raw materials are as follows: the residue of the 325-mesh sieve is 0.3-0.5%. Compared with the anti-slip glaze material composed of dry particles with various particle sizes in the prior art, the anti-slip glaze material disclosed by the invention can generate a large amount of uniform ceramic crystals on the surface of a ceramic tile after being fired, and can avoid the formation of bulges with different peak values on the surface of the ceramic tile.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a non-slip ceramic tile, comprising: the body layer 1, the slip-resistant overglaze layer 2, the decorative pattern layer 3 and the slip-resistant glaze slurry layer 4 are sequentially stacked; wherein, the anti-slip overglaze layer 2 and the anti-slip glaze slurry layer 4 are respectively the anti-slip glaze material.

The non-slip ceramic tile comprises the following components in sequence from bottom to top: a blank layer 1, an anti-slip overglaze layer 2, a decorative pattern layer 3 and an anti-slip glaze slurry layer 4. The anti-slip glaze layer 2 and the anti-slip glaze slurry layer 4 adopt the anti-slip glaze, so that the anti-slip ceramic tile has good anti-slip performance and dull effect, and can be used as an outdoor ceramic tile. The anti-slip glaze slurry layer has good wear resistance, can be used on the surface of an anti-slip ceramic tile product for a long time, does not influence the decorative pattern of the underglaze layer, and can protect the decorative pattern layer 3; meanwhile, the anti-slip cover glaze layer has a good bearing effect on the decorative patterns.

Further, the non-slip ceramic tile further comprises: mica and a flash dry particle mixing layer 5 which are arranged on the anti-slip glaze slurry layer 4 in a laminated mode. The mica and flash dry particle mixed layer 5 mainly plays a role in decoration, and reflects the natural texture and/or metal texture of the imitated material.

The invention provides a preparation method of a non-slip ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:

s100, preparing a blank;

s200, distributing an anti-slip overglaze on the green body to obtain an anti-slip overglaze layer;

s300, spraying decorative patterns on the anti-slip cover glaze layer to obtain a decorative pattern layer;

s400, distributing anti-slip glaze slip on the decorative pattern layer to obtain an anti-slip glaze slip layer.

In the preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile, the raw materials for preparing the non-slip overglaze and the non-slip glaze slip are all raw materials for preparing the non-slip glaze. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile has the advantages that the glazing amount is low, and the glazing weight is as follows: 333-416 g per square meter can reduce the production cost of the ceramic tile, and the glazing amount of the ceramic tile is only 50 percent (weight ratio) of the glazing amount of the conventional product.

In the prior art, a particle anti-slip layer (an anti-slip layer prepared by a dry particle method) consisting of multiple particle sizes is inconvenient to operate, when the effect, the anti-slip property, the depth color, the kiln system and the environmental temperature are changed, the proportion of various dry particles needs to be adjusted, even the dry particles with different temperatures need to be prepared again, the production regulation is influenced, and the operation and the control are not easy; moreover, the surface of the ceramic tile prepared by the method has obvious granular feel, the proportion of coarse particles reaches 50-60%, the ceramic tile has rough hand feel, as shown in figures 2 and 3, the surface has sharp raised peaks, and the peaks are high, so that secondary scratching after accidental falling can be caused, and meanwhile, the cleaning can scrape the hair scraps of the mop. As shown in figures 4 and 5, the preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile has the advantages of stable process, high product quality and simple and convenient operation, and the prepared non-slip ceramic tile overcomes the problem that the surface of the non-slip ceramic tile in the prior art has sharp convex peaks.

Specifically, in S100, the preparing a blank includes:

s101, providing blank powder;

s102, manufacturing a blank mold;

and S103, pressing the blank powder into a blank by using the blank mold through a forming press.

In S101, the green body powder material may be prepared by using a base powder material and a color powder material as raw materials. The green body powder is prepared by adding different types and different dosages of ceramic blank pigments into base powder, and then granulating by adopting spray drying tower equipment to prepare the required powder with various colors and particle distributions. The color powder has white, yellow, light gray, black, coffee color, etc.

The preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile comprises the following steps of: SiO2₂60 to 80 parts of Al₂O₃15 to 21 parts of Fe₂O₃0.5 to 1.5 parts of CaO, 0.1 to 0.8 parts of CaO, 0.9 to 1.5 parts of MgO, and K₂O2-3 parts, Na₂1.8-2.2 parts of O. Further, the base powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO2₂69.84 parts of Al₂O₃18.29 parts of Fe₂O₃1.03 parts, CaO 0.38 parts, MgO 1.20 parts, K₂O2.55 parts and Na₂And O2 portion. Specifically, the chemical composition weight percentage of the base powder is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 chemical composition in weight percent of base powder

Chemical composition	Burn and relieve	SiO₂	AL₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	Total up to
										Weight percent of	5.11	69.84	18.29	1.03	0.38	1.20	2.55	2.00	100

The ignition loss is also called ignition loss, and the quality is lost after the material is burnt for a long enough time under certain high-temperature conditions.

In one implementation mode of the invention, the formula of the yellow blank powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of base powder; 0.5-1.0 part of golden orange for the blank. It should be noted that different kinds and dosages of body pigments are added into the basic glaze slip to prepare powder materials with various colors and shades, and the body powder materials with other colors are changed on the basis and the method, which are not exhaustive by the invention.

The step S102 is specifically to manufacture various molds having surface concave-convex textures with granite-like features. The concave-convex texture with the granite surface refers to that the surface of natural granite has natural concave-convex surfaces with different degrees after the natural granite is mined, some surfaces are artificially processed, such as a fired surface, a litchi surface, an axe-chiseled surface and the like, and the surface decoration texture is different only due to different processing processes and techniques. The invention simulates various concave-convex textures left by various natural, artificial or mechanical processing traces on the surface of granite, and manufactures corresponding surface molds.

And S103, placing the blank powder into the blank mold, and pressing the blank powder into a blank by using a forming press, wherein the forming press is a ceramic tile forming press. And S103, preparing a blank with a rough surface texture with granite characteristics on the surface.

In S200, the anti-slip overglaze is distributed on the green body, and the anti-slip overglaze layer 2 is obtained after firing. Specifically, the anti-slip glaze is prepared by mixing the raw materials of the anti-slip glaze with a solvent (such as water), and the anti-slip glaze can be atomized and sprayed on the surface of the green body by using a spray gun or a sprayer.

The slip-resistant overglaze layer 2 with slip-resistant function is obtained after the slip-resistant overglaze is subjected to a firing process. The anti-slip performance of the anti-slip overglaze can be measured by a pendulum bob method to obtain the corresponding anti-slip grade. All the slip resistance measurements adopt a completely planar ceramic blank, specifically, the slip-resistant overglaze disclosed by the invention is distributed on the surface of the completely planar ceramic blank to measure the PTV value, and compared with the glaze in the prior art. It should be noted that the reason why the glaze is applied on the surface of the completely planar ceramic body in the test is that the concave-convex effect of different products is different and is not comparable because the concave-convex degree of the products with concave-convex mold surface is different.

In one embodiment of the invention, the weight ratio of the raw materials of the non-slip overglaze is as follows: 7 parts of barium carbonate; 12 parts of potassium feldspar; 12 parts of albite; 1 part of calcite; washing 15 parts of kaolin; 25 parts of calcined kaolin; 21 parts of frit; 5 parts of calcium silicate. In addition, the anti-slip overglaze can be added with 0-20% of zirconium silicate by weight according to the requirements of transparency or whiteness.

The above key raw material control criteria are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 control Standard of Key raw materials for non-slip overglaze

In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical composition of the frit is shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 chemical composition of the frits (in parts by weight)

Name (R)	Burn and relieve	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	ZnO	TiO₂	B₂O₃	BaO
													Composition of	0.64	51.71	14.08	0.18	12.6	3.02	5.27	0.8	4.59	0.06	0.43	6.24

The weight ratio of the chemical composition of the slip-resistant overglaze obtained by the invention is shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 chemical composition of the slip-resistant overglaze (in parts by weight)

Name (R)	Burn and relieve	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	ZnO	TiO₂	B₂O₃	BaO
													Composition of	0.1	53.29	22.72	0.3	7.19	4.99	2.68	0.57	1.02	0.01	0.1	7.10

Wherein the parameters of the slip-resistant overglaze glazing are as follows: glazing weight: 333-416 g per square meter; the glaze slip proportion: 1.40; the glazing method comprises the following steps: spraying glaze; controlling the fineness of glaze slip: 0.3-0.5% (screen residue) of 325 meshes.

And S300, specifically, after the anti-slip glaze slip is dried, decorating the required pattern texture by using a digital ink-jet printer. And S300, printing pattern textures on the overglaze layer, and obtaining a decorative pattern layer after sintering, thereby providing personalized requirements for users.

And S400, specifically, applying slip-resistant glaze slurry on the dried decorative pattern, and forming a slip-resistant glaze slurry layer after firing. The slip-resistant glaze slip is prepared from the raw materials of the slip-resistant glaze. That is, the chemical compositions of the slip-resistant overglaze and the slip-resistant glaze may be the same or different. For example, the anti-slip glaze slip is characterized in that the transparency is changed by reducing the proportion of zirconium silicate on the basis of anti-slip overglaze. If necessary, anti-slip glaze powder can be added to improve the anti-slip level. In one embodiment of the invention, the chemical composition of the slip-resistant glaze powder is the same as the chemical composition of the slip-resistant glaze. Further, the slip-resistant glaze powder can be 7 parts by weight of barium carbonate; 12 parts of potassium feldspar; 12 parts of albite; 1 part of calcite; washing 15 parts of kaolin; 25 parts of calcined kaolin; 21 parts of frit; 5 parts of calcium silicate is taken as powder prepared from raw materials. The non-slip glaze disclosed by the invention has flexibility and controllability in non-slip performance, and can be simply adjusted according to the actual site requirements of market customers to obtain the non-slip effect required by the customers.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the slip-resistant glaze slip has glazing parameters of: glazing weight: 222-333 g per square meter; the glaze slip proportion: 1.25; the glazing method comprises the following steps: spraying glaze; the blending weight ratio of the non-slip glaze material to the non-slip glaze powder is as follows: 60-100% of slip-resistant glaze and 0-40% of slip-resistant glaze powder; controlling the fineness of glaze slip: 0.3-0.5% (screen residue) of 325 meshes. The non-slip glaze material has good flexibility, can be used as a basic overglaze of a ceramic tile to cover the color of a blank body and improve the surface effect of the ceramic tile, can be used as a protective glaze to be made into non-slip glaze slurry, has good transparency, and has a protective effect on a decorated pattern.

After the S400, the method further includes:

s500, coating black mica;

s600, applying the flash dry granules.

And S500, after the slip-resistant glaze slip is dried, throwing a layer of black mica for decoration. The black mica sheet is mainly used for decoration, and reflects the natural texture of the imitated material. The black mica is a natural mica sheet material, and the use parameters are as follows: blending the following components in percentage by weight: glaze 100, black mica 0.3; particle size of biotite: 0.125-0.18 mm; the consumption of the biotite is as follows: 0.1 to 0.15 grams per square meter. The particle size of the biotite is 0.125-0.18 mm, so that the production and preparation are facilitated, and if the particle size of the biotite is too large, the biotite is easy to settle, so that the production is unstable due to a process of spraying the biotite on the surface of a product.

S600, specifically, arranging flash dry particles on the surface decoration part; the flashing dry granules also play a decorative role. The glittering dry particles are glaze powder with metal luster after being fired, and the using parameters are as follows: specific gravity: 1.40; the dosage is as follows: 2-3 g per square meter.

The glittery dry particles have metal texture, the decorated shape is a round dot shape, the black mica is a material extracted from natural minerals, and the particle shape is an irregular shape after being crushed. The black mica and the glittering dry particles are selected according to the color pattern of the ceramic tile, and for example, only one of the black mica and the glittering dry particles may be used as required, thereby obtaining a mixed layer of the mica and the glittering dry particles.

and S700, putting the materials into a kiln to be fired.

S700 is a kiln entering firing process, wherein the kiln entering firing refers to a process of firing the ceramic green bricks of the finished decoration process in a roller kiln, and the firing time is different from 116 to 138 minutes; the kiln firing parameters are shown in table 5 below.

TABLE 5 kiln firing parameters

	Smoke exhaust	Region	1	Zone 2	Zone 3	Zone 4	Zone 5	Zone 6	Zone 7	Zone 8	Zone 9	Zone 10
													Upper temperature	361	990	1078	1117	1200	1163	1164	1157	1082	1109	1057
Lower temperature	/	1036	1135	1114	1123	1167	1173	1168	1099	1100	1125

Table 5 kiln firing parameters

	Zone 11	Zone 12	Region 13	Zone 14	Zone 15	Zone 16	Zone 17	Quenching	Quenching	Slow cooling
											Upper temperature	1153	1007	966	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
Lower temperature	1077	1080	1107	1076	1036	1008	937	715	612	588

The preparation method of the non-slip ceramic tile further comprises the following steps: s500, edging the fired anti-slip ceramic tile, and regulating the appearance size of the anti-slip ceramic tile.

The invention relates to a main process flow for preparing an anti-slip ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps: preparing powder materials with various colors → manufacturing a concave-convex surface mold → pressing a green body for molding → drying the green body → coating the surface of the green body with non-slip surface glaze → coating the glaze ink-jet decorative pattern → coating the non-slip glaze slurry → coating the black mica → coating the flash dry particles → sintering the green body → regulating the edge grinding size of the product → packaging and warehousing the product.

The non-slip ceramic tile prepared by the dry particle method in the prior art and the non-slip ceramic tile prepared by the invention are respectively tested by a contact profilometer (Talysurf CLI 1000), and the test results are shown in figures 2-5. From fig. 2 and fig. 3, it can be seen that the surface of the non-slip ceramic tile prepared by the dry particle method in the prior art is too rough, the particles are sharp, and the user is easy to have secondary injury after falling down accidentally. From fig. 4 and 5, it can be seen that the surface of the non-slip ceramic tile of the present invention does not form protrusions with different peak values, thereby avoiding the situation that a user is prone to secondary injury after accidentally falling down.

The anti-slip ceramic tile prepared by the invention has the following technical effects:

1. the outdoor ceramic tile product prepared by the invention has the full body effect, namely, the color and the texture of the green body and the surface decoration of the ceramic tile have high consistency and high simulation degree.

2. The ceramic tile prepared by the invention has low surface gloss, the average gloss is less than 3 degrees, and the ceramic tile is suitable for outdoor use.

3. The ceramic tile prepared by the invention adopts a pendulum bob method to measure the surface of a plane blank, the PTV value can be between 36 and 65, and the corresponding anti-slip grade can reach R10 to R13.

4. The ceramic tile prepared by the invention has excellent process, and the required slip-limiting level can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of customers.

5. The ceramic tile prepared by the invention has ultrathin glaze amount which is half of that of the conventional process, can fully embody the decorative texture of a die, and has obvious cost advantage, and the Mohs hardness of the surface can reach 7 grades.

6. The ceramic tile prepared by the method has high wear resistance, the mass loss is less than 0.24g through 12000-turn high-speed rotation wear test, and the wear area can not be obviously whitened, so that the color of the light-colored ceramic tile is not influenced.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The anti-slip glaze is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: SiO2₂40 to 65 parts of Al₂O₃15-30 parts of Fe₂O₃0.1 to 0.5 part, 5 to 10 parts of CaO, 1 to 9 parts of MgO, and K₂1 to 4 portions of O and Na₂0.1-2 parts of O, 0.5-1.5 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.01 to 0.1 part of B₂O₃0.01-0.1 part of BaO and 5-9 parts of BaO; the anti-slip glaze is prepared from the following raw materials: barium carbonate, potassium feldspar, albite, calcite, washing kaolin, calcined kaolin, frit and calcium silicate; the anti-slip glaze further comprises the following raw materials: zirconium silicate; the weight percentage of the zirconium silicate is 0-20%; the frit comprises: SiO2₂51.71 parts of Al₂O₃14.08 parts of Fe₂O₃0.18 part, CaO 12.6 parts, MgO 3.02 parts, K₂O6.29 parts and Na₂0.8 part of O, 4.59 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.06 part of B₂O₃0.43 part and BaO 6.24 parts.

2. The non-slip glaze according to claim 1, comprising, in parts by weight: SiO2₂53.29 parts of Al₂O₃22.72 parts of Fe₂O₃0.3 part, CaO 7.19 parts, MgO 4.99 parts, K₂O2.68 parts and Na₂0.57 part of O, 1.05 parts of ZnO and TiO₂0.01 part of B₂O₃0.1 part and 7.1 parts of BaO.

3. The non-slip glaze according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the non-slip glaze is 325 mesh screen material.

4. An anti-slip ceramic tile, comprising: the body layer, the slip-resistant overglaze layer, the decorative pattern layer and the slip-resistant glaze slurry layer are sequentially stacked;

wherein the anti-slip overglaze layer and/or the anti-slip glaze slurry layer is the anti-slip glaze material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The method for preparing the non-slip ceramic tile as claimed in claim 4, which comprises:

preparing a blank;

6. The method for preparing the non-slip ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the step of applying a non-slip glaze slip on the decorative pattern layer to obtain a non-slip glaze slip layer further comprises: and coating black mica and/or flash dry particles on the anti-slip glaze slurry layer.

7. The method of making non-slip ceramic tiles as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparing of the green body comprises:

providing green body powder;

manufacturing a blank mold;