CN111229139B - 一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种荷载碘131的胶原‑聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法,先通过聚乙烯醇和I型胶原进行交联反应制备胶原‑聚乙烯醇栓塞微球,再对胶原‑聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131‑胶原‑聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。本发明制备的栓塞微球不仅能够减缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者的最长生存期,且具有比重小易灌注、半衰期较长、可释放γ射线进行显像监的优点,无需昂贵的活化设备,利于降低成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及临床医学栓塞治疗技术领域,具体涉及一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法。
背景技术
临床肝胆胰恶性肿瘤对大多数化疗药物的敏感性低,而因肿瘤位置深,肝脏和消化道对放射线敏感,导致常规外放射治疗效果差。近年来国内部分大医院开始引进90Y玻璃微球和90Y树脂微球作为肝癌的栓塞治疗手段。90Y微球通过释放纯β射线用于消化道实体肿瘤的放射性栓塞治疗,目前已通过美国食品药品监督管(FDA)认证用于临床肝癌治疗。90Y玻璃微球为国外专利产品,价格昂贵,病人负担重,且存在下列弊端:
90Y微球的材料为金属或玻璃为载体,玻璃比重大,灌注相对困难,分布不佳,放射性瘤:肝比(T:N)相对较低;
90Y微球释放纯β射线无法体外监测,故必须同时使用锝-99(99mTc)标记的蛋白微球来确定肿瘤的血供和放射性瘤肝比;
90Y玻璃微球半衰期较短(64.1小时),放射性比活度不高,必须在专用的直线加速器中活化后才能获得放射性活性,其较短的半衰期和昂贵的活化设备限制了其只能在较大的医学中心使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法,该栓塞微球不仅能够减缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者的最长生存期,且具有比重小易灌注、半衰期较长、可释放γ射线进行显像监控的优点,无需昂贵的活化设备,利于降低成本。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现:
一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,先通过聚乙烯醇和I型胶原进行交联反应制备胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球,再对胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
通过本发明所述制备方法制备的栓塞微球含有放射性核素碘-131(131I),131I的半衰期为200小时,已广泛用于临床,具有良好的医用安全性,90Y玻璃微球半衰期较短(64.1小时),放射性比活度不高,必须在专用的直线加速器中活化后才能获得放射性活性;131I不但可释放β射线用于肿瘤治疗,还可释放γ射线进行显像监控,便于放射性药物分布和剂量监控,可以进行体外监测,解决了90Y微球释放纯β射线无法体外监测,故必须同时使用锝-99(99mTc)标记的蛋白微球来确定肿瘤的血供和放射性瘤肝比的缺点。
因此,含有放射性核素碘-131的栓塞微球解决了90Y玻璃微球半衰期较短、无法实时监控药物分布、制备昂贵的问题。
本发明所制备的栓塞微球,使用材料为具有良好生物相容性的聚乙烯醇(PVA)和I型胶原(COL1),其中胶原的作用在于利用其表面丰富的酪氨酸残基作为碘-131的偶联位点,但胶原本身由于粘度过大,难以形成规则的微球形状;因此需要先依赖聚乙烯醇制备出形貌理想的微球核心,再通过乳化交联法将胶原包裹到外层,最终获得理想粒径的微球,由图1可知:本发明制备的栓塞微球的电镜显示微球成球性好,表面光滑,粒径分布较均匀,平均粒径为14μm。并且,本发明所制备的栓塞微球,其比重略高于水,灌注容易,可达到良好的药物组织内分布,优于玻璃或树脂微球。
综上,本发明制备的栓塞微球不仅能够减缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者的最长生存期,且具有比重小易灌注、半衰期较长、可释放γ射线进行显像监控的优点,无需昂贵的活化设备,利于降低成本。
进一步地,包括以下步骤:
1)、以聚乙烯醇为原料,采用乳化交联法制备聚乙烯醇微球;
2)、将I型胶原与聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合进行联法反应获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球;
3)、采用氯胺T标记法对胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
进一步地,步骤1)中所述聚乙烯醇微球的制备步骤:
11)、将聚乙烯醇微球制备成一定浓度的聚乙烯醇溶液,为溶液A;
12)、向液体石蜡中加入乳化剂,搅拌获得溶液B;
13)、将溶液A和溶液B均进行水浴加热,在搅拌状态下将溶液A滴加到溶液B中,继续水浴加热,搅拌状态下持续反应一段时间获得乳白色的溶液C;
14)、保持反应状态不变,向溶液C中缓慢滴加交联剂,进行交联反应获得聚乙烯醇微球溶液。
进一步地,乳化剂为Span80或Tween80,所述交联剂为戊二醛溶液。
进一步地,溶液A的浓度为10-100mg/mL。
进一步地,液体石蜡和乳化剂的体积比为10:1-40:1。
进一步地,步骤2)中所述胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备步骤:
21)、将I型胶原制备成一定浓度的胶原溶液,将聚乙烯醇微球溶液离心、浓缩获得聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液;
22)、将胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合后,缓慢滴加交联剂,混匀,进行交联反应获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球悬液。
进一步地,胶原溶液的浓度为3.0-5.0mg/mL,所述胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液的体积比为1:1-5:1。
进一步地,步骤3)所述碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备步骤:
31)、室温下,分别制备一定浓度的氯胺T溶液和偏重亚硫酸钠溶液;
32)、室温下将131I-NaI加入胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球悬液,然后加入氯胺T溶液;
33)、震荡反应几分钟后静置,再加入偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
一种采用荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
试验证明:131I-PVA-COL1微球栓塞能够减缓肿瘤生长,证实该药物能有效治疗肝癌;131I-PVA-COL1微球栓塞治疗组最长生存期可达100天。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的优点和有益效果:
本发明制备的栓塞微球不仅能够减缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者的最长生存期,且具有比重小易灌注、可释放γ射线进行显像监控的优点,无需昂贵的活化设备、半衰期长便于运输后使用,利于降低成本。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中:
图1为胶原-聚乙烯醇微球的电镜扫描图;
图2为放射性计数比曲线图;
图3为标记率随时间推移的曲线图;
图4为131I-PVA-COL1微球给药后3天和21天的荷瘤大鼠SPECT-CT扫描图;
图5为131I-PVA-COL1微球给药后28天的荷瘤大鼠磁共振监控图;
图6为131I-PVA-COL1微球栓塞治疗组、空白对照组和假手术组的最长生存期对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例和附图,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明,并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1:
如图1-图6所示,一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)、以聚乙烯醇为原料,采用乳化交联法制备聚乙烯醇微球:
11)、将聚乙烯醇微球制备成浓度为50mg/mL的聚乙烯醇溶液,为溶液A;
12)、向液体石蜡中加入Span80或Tween80,500r/min充分搅拌10min获得溶液B,所述液体石蜡和乳化剂的体积比为25:1;
13)、将溶液A和溶液B均进行水浴加热至50度,在搅拌状态下(500r/min),使用加样枪将溶液A滴加到溶液B中,所述溶液A和溶液B的体积比为1:10,继续在50度水浴及500r/min磁力搅拌的状态下,持续反应30min,获得乳白色的溶液C;
14)、保持反应状态不变,向溶液C中缓慢滴加戊二醛溶液(25%),所述戊二醛溶液与溶液C的体积比为1:350,继续交联反应1h,使水相小液体固化、成型;交联1h后,停止水浴及搅拌。获得聚乙烯醇微球溶液;
15)、在所得产物中加入异丙醇,充分洗涤、离心去上清液,重复3次;然后继续使用大量去离子水,充分洗涤、离心去上清液,重复3次;产物置于15mL离心管中,加入适量去离子水,得到纯PVA微球悬浊液;
2)、将I型胶原与聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合进行联法反应获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球:
21)、将I型胶原制备成浓度为3.77mg/mL的胶原溶液,将聚乙烯醇微球溶液离心、浓缩获得聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液;
22)、将胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合后,缓慢滴加戊二醛溶液(50%),混匀,将盛有混合液的离心管,放置于旋转混匀器上,持续旋转混匀,并过夜,进行交联反应,获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球悬液,所述胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液的体积比为4:1;
23)、停止反应后,使用大量去离子水,充分洗涤,离心去上清液,重复三次,所得产物即为PVA-COL1微球;
3)、采用氯胺T标记法对胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球:
31)、室温下,分别制备一定浓度的氯胺T溶液和偏重亚硫酸钠溶液,两者浓度分别为20mg/mL、15mg/mL;
32)、在室温下将131I-NaI(10mCi)加入先前制备得的微球悬液,随后再加入氯胺-T溶液,所述氯胺-T溶液与微球悬液的体积比为1:10;
33)、将EP管置于振荡器中震荡反应5min后,室温下静置25min;最后加入偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应,所述偏重亚硫酸钠与微球悬液的体积比为1:20,获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球;
34)、微球高速离心后,生理盐水洗涤,离心、去上清,制得131I-胶原-聚乙烯醇微球(131I-PVA-COL1)。
实施例2:
本实施例基于实施例1,与实施例1的区别在于:
溶液A的浓度为10mg/mL;所述液体石蜡和乳化剂的体积比为10:1;所述胶原溶液的浓度为3.0mg/mL;所述胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液的体积比为1:1。
实施例3:
本实施例基于实施例1,与实施例1的区别在于:
溶液A的浓度为100mg/mL;所述液体石蜡和乳化剂的体积比为40:1;所述胶原溶液的浓度为5.0mg/mL;所述胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液的体积比为5:1。
由于实施例1、实施例2和实施例3制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的性质和效果接近,就不一一阐述,以下以实施例1为代表阐述本发明制备的栓塞微球的性质和效果。
将实施例1制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球(131I-PVA-COL1微球)进行标记率检测,检测方法为:
用纸层析法测标记率,固定相为新华I号纸,展开剂为丙酮(50%);利用FC3600放射性探测仪检测标记率;该步骤重复7次,统计每次的标记率并标记率绘制曲线图,如图2所示。
实施例1制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的131I标记率为80.44%,置于PBS16d后,依然保有52.00%的放射性纯度,证实其具有较好的稳定,如图3所示。
由图4可知:131I-PVA-COL1微球给药后3天和21天,SPECT-CT扫描结果证实放射性碘-131信号集中分布于肝脏中,证实药物具有良好而稳定的肝脏内分布。
将实施例1制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行大鼠体内给药测试,具体测试方法如下:
采用肝动脉直接注射法对原发性肝癌大鼠进行给药,体内分布通过SPECT-CT显像监控,具体步骤如下:
1)、大鼠采用2.5%异氟烷气体麻醉后,剃除腹部毛发,消毒后开腹,暴露脏器;
2)、在肝脏后方找到肝总动脉,肝固有动脉,胃十二指肠动脉汇聚处,使用止血夹暂时夹闭肝总动脉及胃十二指肠动脉;
3)、通过肝固有动脉注射131I-PVA-COL1微球37.4MBq,微球质量约1-2毫克,压迫止血后,缝合创口。
131I-PVA-COL1微球的药物体内分布及抗肿瘤效果:
1)、给药后第3、7、14、21、28天,对大鼠进行磁共振和SPECT-CT显像,影像学观察药物在动物体内分布及肿瘤生长状态,如图5所示:
给药后28天,磁共振监控结果显示,与“无处理空白对照组,假手术组,非放射性微球栓塞组”的肿瘤体积增长速度相比,131I-PVA-COL1微球栓塞治疗组的肿瘤生长明显较慢,证实该药物能有效治疗肝癌。
2)、记录大鼠生存曲线,并收集死亡大鼠肝脏组织,观察组织状态,如图6所示:
生存曲线结果显示,131I-PVA-COL1微球栓塞治疗组最长生存期可达100天,与空白对照组和假手术组相比得到了显著提升。
本实施例所述无处理空白对照组为不做任何处理的原发性肝癌大鼠,所述假手术组为腹腔手术配合肝动脉注射生理盐水,非放射性微球栓塞组为腹腔手术并注射没有标记碘-131的PVA-COL1微球(即图6中的Blank PCMs)
综上,本发明制备的栓塞微球能够减缓肿瘤生长速度,提高患者的最长生存期,可用于肝癌治疗。
以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,先通过聚乙烯醇和I型胶原进行交联反应制备胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球,再对胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)、以聚乙烯醇为原料,采用乳化交联法制备聚乙烯醇微球;
2)、将I型胶原与聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合进行联法反应获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球;
3)、采用氯胺T标记法对胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球进行放射性碘131标记获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中所述聚乙烯醇微球的制备步骤:
11)、将聚乙烯醇微球制备成一定浓度的聚乙烯醇溶液,为溶液A;
12)、向液体石蜡中加入乳化剂,搅拌获得溶液B;
13)、将溶液A和溶液B均进行水浴加热,在搅拌状态下将溶液A滴加到溶液B中,继续水浴加热,搅拌状态下持续反应一段时间获得乳白色的溶液C;
14)、保持反应状态不变,向溶液C中缓慢滴加交联剂,进行交联反应获得聚乙烯醇微球溶液。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乳化剂为Span80或Tween80,所述交联剂为戊二醛溶液。
5.根据权利要求3所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶液A的浓度为10-100mg/mL。
6.根据权利要求3所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,所述液体石蜡和乳化剂的体积比为10:1-40:1。
7.根据权利要求2所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中所述胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备步骤:
21)、将I型胶原制备成一定浓度的胶原溶液,将聚乙烯醇微球溶液离心、浓缩获得聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液;
22)、将胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球按一定比例混合后,缓慢滴加交联剂,混匀,进行交联反应获得胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球悬液。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胶原溶液的浓度为3.0-5.0mg/mL,所述胶原溶液和聚乙烯醇微球悬浊液的体积比为1:1-5:1。
9.根据权利要求2所述一种荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3)所述碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备步骤:
31)、室温下,分别制备一定浓度的氯胺T溶液和偏重亚硫酸钠溶液;
32)、室温下将131I-NaI加入胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球悬液,然后加入氯胺T溶液;
33)、震荡反应几分钟后静置,再加入偏重亚硫酸钠溶液终止反应获得碘131-胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
10.一种采用权利要求1-9任一项所述荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球的制备方法制备的荷载碘131的胶原-聚乙烯醇栓塞微球。
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CN101940797A (zh) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-12 | 四川大学华西医院 | 一种包壳的核素标记蛋白微球及其制备方法和用途 |
CN102727913A (zh) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-17 | 四川大学 | 一种高标记率的碘标记明胶微球的制备方法 |
CN103276472A (zh) * | 2013-06-03 | 2013-09-04 | 郑州大学 | 胶原蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合微球及其制备方法和用途 |
CN106344939A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-25 | 四川大学华西医院 | 一种放射性碘标记的可生物降解壳聚糖‑胶原复合微球药物的制备方法及用途 |
CN106729953A (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州恒瑞迦俐生生物医药科技有限公司 | 一种功能化改性聚乙烯醇栓塞微球及其制备方法 |
CN107497484A (zh) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-22 | 马鞍山科信网络科技有限公司 | 一种负载催化剂的疏水型聚乙烯醇缓释微球及其制备方法 |
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