CN111226913A - Universal flower preserving fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Universal flower preserving fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111226913A CN111226913A CN202010253826.4A CN202010253826A CN111226913A CN 111226913 A CN111226913 A CN 111226913A CN 202010253826 A CN202010253826 A CN 202010253826A CN 111226913 A CN111226913 A CN 111226913A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/02—Keeping cut flowers fresh chemically
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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Abstract
The invention discloses a universal flower preserving fluid, which belongs to the technical field of plant preservatives and comprises a dehydrating agent, a pigment fixing agent and a coating agent; the dehydrating agent comprises tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol; the pigment fixing agent comprises aldehyde sulfenic acid, carbolic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate, liquid silicone and phosphate, and the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.0-6.5; the coating agent is silicone resin. This general type flower preservative fluid can protect the look to the flower of common different colors, both had been applicable to the flower of blooming, also was suitable for and the flower bud, and flower or flower bud after this general type flower preservative fluid was handled, can not appear rotting, discolouring, the problem of fading, deformation when comparing in just plucking, and its color and shape can keep for a long time, have all played good complementary action to dissecting, observing, teaching and exhibition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant preservatives, and particularly relates to a universal flower preservative solution and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The flower container has ornamental value and is also an important biological organ for scientific research, and the color and the shape of flowers can be kept for a long time to a certain extent when the flower container is used for making flower specimens. In the prior art, flowers are usually required to be dyed and dried in the preparation process of the flower specimen, and finally the flowers are required to be embedded and stored by resin or stored at low temperature, but the method is difficult to keep the original color of the flowers, meanwhile, the petals are easy to have indentation or wrinkle deformation, and the dried flower specimen is fragile due to lack of moisture, is easy to damage and is inconvenient to dissect, observe, teach and display. Therefore, the preservation of fresh flower specimens has been an important research topic for plant workers, and the long-term preservation of treated fresh flowers has important practical application value. In response to this problem, many scholars have also developed fresh-keeping solutions/preserving solutions that can maintain the fresh and tender shape of flowers. For example, the Chinese patent application No. 201310165015.9 discloses a processing liquid for preparing preserved flowers of peony and peony, which comprises 50-80% of one or a mixture of more than two of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol and isopropanol, 20-50% of polyethylene glycol 200-. Peony and Chinese herbaceous peony spectrum-like color real flowers manufactured by the processing liquid can be stored for a long time in a state close to that of fresh flowers/fresh leaves, can keep natural posture, flexibility and texture, are not influenced by external environment, and greatly enhance the ornamental value. However, most of the flower preservation solutions are developed for flowers with different colors, and different solutions are prepared according to different flower types for respective treatment, so that a lot of inconvenience is brought to practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to prepare the universal flower preserving fluid suitable for various common flowers and the preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the general flower preserving fluid comprises a dehydrating agent, a pigment fixing agent and a coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol;
the pigment fixing agent comprises aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, a carbolic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate, liquid silicone and phosphate, and the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.0-6.5;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
The other technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the universal flower preservation solution comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol into pure water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, 88% rock carbonic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.5 to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
and 3, taking silicone resin as a coating agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the general flower preservation solution provided by the invention can protect the color of common flowers with different colors, is suitable for both blooming flowers and buds, and the flowers or buds treated by the general flower preservation solution can not be rotten, discolored, faded and deformed when being compared with the flowers or buds just picked, the color and the shape of the flowers or buds can be maintained for a long time, and the general flower preservation solution plays a good auxiliary role in dissection, observation, teaching and exhibition. The dehydrating agent in the universal fresh flower preservation solution can adjust the water content of fresh flowers to a critical value (the water content is less than or equal to 5%) which does not induce enzymatic reaction, and meanwhile, excessive dehydration and brittleness are not caused; the carbolic acid and the citric acid in the pigment fixing agent are used together, so that the fixing effect on red, peach red, rose red, orange and yellow can be effectively achieved, the experiment shows that the color of the processed fresh flowers of the colors can be obviously influenced if one of the two components is absent, the use of thiourea can prevent pigments from flowing away from the flowers and prolong the storage time of the fresh flowers, the use of the citric acid, the aluminum sulfate, the sodium citrate and the liquid silicone can obviously prolong the storage life of the pigment fixing agent, the absence of any one of the components can influence the effective period of the fixing agent, the effective period of the pigment fixing agent containing the citric acid, the aluminum sulfate, the sodium citrate and the liquid silicone can reach 90-120 days, and the effective period of the pigment fixing agent lacking any one of the components is only 10-30 days.
The preparation method of the universal flower preservation solution provided by the invention respectively prepares the dehydrating agent, the pigment fixing agent and the coating agent, the universal flower preservation solution is prepared in situ when in use, can be stably stored when not in use, does not need to carry out separate dehydration treatment on flowers when in use, can complete dehydration and pigment fixation in one step, is convenient to prepare, has stable component states, and is convenient to use.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: according to the processes of dehydration, fixation and coating, the weak-strong-weak flower color fixation is realized by physical adjustment, chemical reaction and physical protection in sequence, the damage to the pigment of the fresh flower is small, the application range is wide, and the finished flower is easy to store for a long time.
The invention provides a general flower preserving fluid, which comprises a dehydrating agent, a pigment fixing agent and a coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol;
the pigment fixing agent comprises aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, a carbolic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate, liquid silicone and phosphate, and the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.0-6.5;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
The using method of the universal flower preservative comprises the following steps: when in use, the dehydrating agent and the pigment fixing agent are mixed to prepare a preservation solution, and the preservation solution is soaked and preserved for 6 to 24 hours at the room temperature of 7 to 21 ℃, so that the flower can be completely immersed in the solution, and a weight can be tied on the flower stem. After the dipping treatment, the flower is taken out from the preservation solution and naturally dried for 8 to 10 hours in a relatively low humidity, preferably below 50%. After the flower is dried, it is sprayed or coated with silicone resin continuously at room temperature of 10-27 deg.C.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the general flower preservation solution provided by the invention can protect the color of common flowers with different colors, is suitable for both blooming flowers and buds, and the flowers or buds treated by the general flower preservation solution can not be rotten, discolored, faded and deformed when being compared with the flowers or buds just picked, the color and the shape of the flowers or buds can be maintained for a long time, and the general flower preservation solution plays a good auxiliary role in dissection, observation, teaching and exhibition. The dehydrating agent in the universal fresh flower preservation solution can achieve the dehydrating effect by adjusting osmotic pressure caused by different water potentials inside and outside tissues, adjust the water content of fresh flowers to a critical value (the water content is less than or equal to 5%) which does not induce enzymatic reaction, aldehyde group sulfenic acid in the pigment fixing agent can accelerate the fixation of white parts in the flowers, simultaneously ensure that the white parts are not easy to generate dark deposits, and phosphate not only can adjust the pH value of the solution, but also can effectively fix blue and green in the fresh flowers; the common use of carbolic acid and citric acid can effectively fix red, peach red, rose red, orange and yellow, the lack of one of the two can obviously affect the color of the treated fresh flowers, the use of thiourea can prevent the pigment from losing from the flowers and prolong the storage time of the fresh flowers, the use of citric acid, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone can obviously prolong the storage life of the pigment fixing agent, the lack of any one of the components can influence the effective period of the fixing agent, the effective period of the pigment fixing agent containing citric acid, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone can reach 90-120 days (the specific days are influenced by the storage environment), and the effective period of the pigment fixing agent lacking any one of the components under the same storage condition is only 10-30 days.
Further, the dehydrating agent comprises 17.5-57.5% of tertiary butanol, 20-30% of n-propanol and 20-30% of dimethyl methanol in percentage by volume.
Further, the dehydrating agent comprises 37.5% of tertiary butanol.
As can be seen from the above description, the color protection effect is best when the volume percentage of tertiary butanol in the dehydrating agent is 37.5% through single factor tests.
Further, the carbolic acid is a carbolic acid solution with the concentration of 88%; the phosphate is sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate.
As can be seen from the above description, the addition of sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate not only can adjust the pH, but also can play an effective role in protecting the blue and green color in flowers, buds or petals.
Further, the pigment fixing agent comprises 3.7% of carbolic acid solution and 2.5% of liquid silicone by volume percentage;
the pigment fixing agent comprises, by weight, 0.2% of aldehydic sulfenic acid, 1% of citric acid, 1% of thiourea, 0.6% of sodium citrate and 0.5% of aluminum sulfate.
The invention provides a preparation method of a universal flower preservation solution, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol into pure water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, 88% rock carbonic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.5 to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
and 3, taking silicone resin as a coating agent.
The using method of the universal flower preservative comprises the following steps: when in use, the dehydrating agent and the pigment fixing agent are mixed to prepare a preservation solution, and the preservation solution is soaked and preserved for 6 to 24 hours at the room temperature of 7 to 21 ℃, so that the flower can be completely immersed in the solution, and a weight can be tied on the flower stem. After the dipping treatment, the flower is taken out from the preservation solution and naturally dried for 8 to 10 hours in a relatively low humidity, preferably below 50%. After the flower is dried, it is sprayed or coated with silicone resin continuously at room temperature of 10-27 deg.C.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the preparation method of the universal flower preservation solution provided by the invention respectively prepares the dehydrating agent, the pigment fixing agent and the coating agent, the universal flower preservation solution is prepared in situ when in use, can be stably stored when not in use, does not need to carry out separate dehydration treatment on flowers when in use, can complete dehydration and pigment fixation in one step, is convenient to prepare, has stable component states, and is convenient to use.
Further, the preparation method of the universal flower preservation solution comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding 175-575mL tertiary butanol, 200-300mL n-propanol and 200-300mL dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and then fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% rock carbonic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.5, and carrying out constant volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
Example 1:
a universal fresh flower preserving fluid consists of 1000mL of dehydrating agent, 1000mL of pigment fixing agent and 37mL of coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises 375mL of tertiary butanol, 250mL of n-propanol, 250mL of dimethyl methanol and the balance of pure water;
the pigment fixing agent comprises 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate, 25mL of liquid silicone and about 12g of sodium phosphate, the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.3-6.5, and the balance is pure water;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
Purchasing a plurality of fresh black, red, yellow tulip, red, yellow rose, anthurium, blue, purple iris and green and yellow chrysanthemum in the same batch in the flower market, randomly dividing the flowers into two groups, wherein one group is cultivated in tap water in a bottle to be used as a control group, and the other group is treated by using the general flower preservation solution to be used as an experimental group (the result is shown in table 1), and the specific treatment method comprises the following steps: mixing the dehydrating agent and pigment fixing agent to obtain a preservation solution, and soaking and preserving in the preservation solution at room temperature of 15 deg.C for 20 hr to completely immerse the flower in the solution, and tying a weight on the flower stalk. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of 40% for 10 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at room temperature of 15 ℃.
TABLE 1
The life of flowers and buds of the flowers in the experimental group is obviously longer than that of flowers and buds of flowers cultured in tap water in a bottle, and the serious wilting phenomenon does not occur. After the flowers and the buds of the flowers (example 1) in the experimental group are observed after being dried, the flowers and the buds are respectively photographed under the same illumination intensity before and 20 days after the treatment, the fresh-keeping state of the flowers in the experimental group is close to that of the flowers/the fresh buds, the colors and the shapes are compared, the colors of the flowers and the buds of the flowers in the experimental group are close to the color of the flowers and the buds just purchased, and the colors of the flowers and the buds are slightly darker than the colors before the treatment, but the phenomena of yellowing, browning and blackening do not occur, so that the natural posture, flexibility and texture can be maintained.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a universal flower preservation solution specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding 575mL of tertiary butanol, 200mL of n-propanol and 200mL of dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.2, and carrying out constant volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
The using method comprises the following steps: a plurality of fresh yellow, pink, white lily, lavender, red carnation, pink purple peony and pink tea flower containing unopened buds are purchased in the flower market in the same batch, a dehydrating agent and a pigment fixing agent are mixed to prepare a preservation solution, and the preservation solution is soaked in the preservation solution for 24 hours at the room temperature of 10 ℃, so that the flower can be completely immersed in the solution, and a weight can be tied on a flower stalk. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of about 35% for 8 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacles are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at the room temperature of 10 ℃.
And (4) observing after drying: the shape of the flower and the bud is complete, the flower color is kept complete, the colors of the petal and the light green receptacle are not distorted, and the phenomena of yellowing, browning and blackening do not occur, and the state is close to that of the fresh flower/bud.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a universal flower preservation solution specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding 175mL of tertiary butanol, 300mL of n-propanol and 300mL of dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and diluting to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% rock carbonic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding ammonium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.4-6.5, and carrying out constant volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
The using method comprises the following steps: the method comprises purchasing and picking flos Osmanthi Fragrantis (yellow), blue purple morning glory, flos Jasmini sambac, pink oleander and red cockscomb flower in flower market and outdoors, mixing dehydrating agent and pigment fixative to obtain preservation solution, soaking and preserving in the preservation solution at room temperature of 21 deg.C for 6 hr, and tying weight on flower stem to completely immerse the flower in the solution. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried for 8 hours at a humidity of 30%. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by spraying or coating with silicone resin at room temperature of 21 ℃.
And (4) observing after drying: the shape of the flower and the flower bud is complete, the whole flower and flower bud is close to the state of fresh flowers/fresh flower buds, the yellow, blue, pink and red colors are kept bright, and the phenomena of fading or color change do not occur.
Example 4:
a preparation method of a universal flower preservation solution specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding 175mL of tertiary butanol, 300mL of n-propanol and 300mL of dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and diluting to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% rock carbonic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 8g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding ammonium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.4-6.5, and carrying out constant volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
The using method comprises the following steps: the method comprises purchasing and picking flos Osmanthi Fragrantis (yellow), blue purple morning glory, flos Jasmini sambac, pink oleander and red cockscomb flower in flower market and outdoors, mixing dehydrating agent and pigment fixative to obtain preservation solution, soaking and preserving in the preservation solution at room temperature of 21 deg.C for 6 hr, and tying weight on flower stem to completely immerse the flower in the solution. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried for 8 hours at a humidity of 30%. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by spraying or coating with silicone resin at room temperature of 21 ℃.
And (4) observing after drying: the shapes of the flowers and the buds are complete, the flower color is kept complete and is close to the state of fresh flowers/fresh buds, and meanwhile, pink red and bluish purple petals do not generate burning spots.
In the conventional fresh flower preserving solution, if aluminum sulfate is used, burning spots are easily generated on red and blue petals when the amount is large. However, in example 4, since the dehydration treatment is added in the previous step, the use amount of aluminum sulfate is increased, so that the actual acting concentration of aluminum sulfate reaches an oversaturated state, and the mangrove flower is not burnt and spotted due to the large use amount. In addition, when the moisture returns in the later preservation period, the proper concentration of the aluminum sulfate can be ensured, and the effect of the aluminum sulfate cannot be weakened.
Comparative example 1:
a universal fresh flower preserving fluid consists of 1000mL of dehydrating agent and 1000mL of pigment fixing agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises 375mL of tertiary butanol, 250mL of n-propanol, 250mL of dimethyl methanol and the balance of pure water;
the pigment fixing agent comprises 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate, 25mL of liquid silicone and about 12g of sodium phosphate, the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.3-6.5, and the balance is pure water.
The using method comprises the following steps: purchasing fresh black, red, yellow tulip, red, yellow rose, anthurium, blue, purple iris and green and yellow chrysanthemum in the flower market, mixing a dehydrating agent and a pigment fixing agent to prepare a preservation solution, and soaking and preserving the preservation solution for 20 hours at room temperature of 15 ℃ so as to completely immerse the flowers in the solution, and tying a heavy object on flower stalks. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of 40% for 10 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at room temperature of 15 ℃.
After drying, the surface of the flowers was observed to be matt without the use of a coating agent, and a greater degree of color difference was observed compared with the flowers and examples 1 to 4, and the color difference became more and more pronounced with increasing time.
Comparative example 2:
a universal fresh flower preserving fluid consists of 1000mL of dehydrating agent, 1000mL of pigment fixing agent and 37mL of coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises 375mL of tertiary butanol, 250mL of n-propanol, 250mL of dimethyl methanol and the balance of pure water;
the pigment fixing agent comprises 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate, 25mL of liquid silicone and about 12g of sodium phosphate, the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.3-6.5, and the balance is pure water;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
The using method comprises the following steps: purchasing fresh black, red, yellow tulip, red, yellow rose, anthurium, blue, purple iris and green and yellow chrysanthemum in the flower market, mixing a dehydrating agent and a pigment fixing agent to prepare a preservation solution, and soaking and preserving the preservation solution for 20 hours at room temperature of 15 ℃ so as to completely immerse the flowers in the solution, and tying a heavy object on flower stalks. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of 40% for 10 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at room temperature of 15 ℃.
After drying, the petals are observed to be treated by a pigment fixing agent without added aldehyde sulfoxylic acid, so that the white petals are obviously turned dark, and the other colors are lightened to different degrees.
Comparative example 3:
a universal fresh flower preserving fluid comprises 1000mL pigment fixative and 37mL coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises 375mL of tertiary butanol, 250mL of n-propanol, 250mL of dimethyl methanol and the balance of pure water;
the pigment fixing agent comprises 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate, 25mL of liquid silicone and about 12g of sodium phosphate, the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.3-6.5, and the balance is pure water;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
The using method comprises the following steps: purchasing fresh black, red, yellow tulip, red, yellow rose, anthurium, blue, purple iris and green and yellow chrysanthemum in the flower market, mixing a dehydrating agent and a pigment fixing agent to prepare a preservation solution, and soaking and preserving the preservation solution for 20 hours at room temperature of 15 ℃ so as to completely immerse the flowers in the solution, and tying a heavy object on flower stalks. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of 40% for 10 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at room temperature of 15 ℃.
After drying, observation shows that enzymatic reaction exists to a certain extent due to the fact that a dehydrating agent is not used, the effect of a color fixative is weakened, the color of a finished flower is weakened, the flowers of different colors and varieties are slightly faded, and the fading phenomenon becomes more and more obvious along with the increase of time.
Comparative example 4:
a universal fresh flower preserving fluid consists of 1000mL of dehydrating agent, 1000mL of pigment fixing agent and 37mL of coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises 375mL of tertiary butanol, 250mL of n-propanol, 250mL of dimethyl methanol and the balance of pure water;
the pigment fixing agent comprises 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% carbolic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone, the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.3-6.5, and the balance is pure water;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
The using method comprises the following steps: purchasing fresh black, red, yellow tulip, red, yellow rose, anthurium, blue, purple iris and green and yellow chrysanthemum in the flower market, mixing a dehydrating agent and a pigment fixing agent to prepare a preservation solution, and soaking and preserving the preservation solution for 20 hours at room temperature of 15 ℃ so as to completely immerse the flowers in the solution, and tying a heavy object on flower stalks. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried at a humidity of 40% for 10 hours. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by continuously spraying or coating the flowers with silicone resin at room temperature of 15 ℃.
After drying, it was observed that a slight degree of chlorophyll degradation, a lightening or yellowing of the green color of the preserved flowers, was unavoidable without the use of phosphate, while, depending on the results, the fixation of other colors was affected to a different extent, but the green part was most pronounced, followed by the blue part.
Comparative example 5:
a preparation method of a universal flower preservation solution specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding 175mL of tertiary butanol, 300mL of n-propanol and 300mL of dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and diluting to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% rock carbonic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding ammonium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.4-6.5, and fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
The using method comprises the following steps: the method comprises purchasing and picking flos Osmanthi Fragrantis (yellow), blue purple morning glory, flos Jasmini sambac, pink oleander and red cockscomb flower in flower market and outdoors, mixing dehydrating agent and pigment fixative to obtain preservation solution, soaking and preserving in the preservation solution at room temperature of 21 deg.C for 6 hr, and tying weight on flower stem to completely immerse the flower in the solution. After the dipping treatment, the flowers were taken out from the storage solution and naturally dried for 8 hours at a humidity of 30%. After the flowers are dried, the flowers, the buds and the receptacle are dried by spraying or coating with silicone resin at room temperature of 21 ℃.
After drying, compared with the example using thiourea, the thiourea is observed to be added, the pigment is lost, the similar bleaching effect of different degrees is presented to the parts such as petals, receptacles and the like, the color distortion is serious, and the thiourea can obviously prevent the pigment from being lost from flowers or buds.
In conclusion, the general flower preservation solution provided by the invention can protect the color of common flowers with different colors, is suitable for flowers which bloom as well as flowers and buds, and the flowers or the buds treated by the general flower preservation solution can not be rotten, discolored, faded and deformed when being compared with the flowers or the buds which are just picked, the color and the shape of the flowers or the buds can be kept for a long time, and the general flower preservation solution plays a good auxiliary role in dissection, observation, teaching and exhibition. The dehydrating agent in the universal fresh flower preservation solution can achieve the dehydrating effect by adjusting osmotic pressure caused by different water potentials inside and outside tissues, adjust the water content of fresh flowers to a critical value (the water content is less than or equal to 5%) which does not induce enzymatic reaction, aldehyde group sulfenic acid in the pigment fixing agent can accelerate the fixation of white parts in the flowers, simultaneously ensure that the white parts are not easy to generate dark deposits, and phosphate not only can adjust the pH value of the solution, but also can effectively fix green and blue in the fresh flowers; the common use of carbolic acid and citric acid can effectively fix red, peach red, rose red, orange and yellow, the experiment stage finds that the lack of one of the two can obviously affect the color of the flower after the treatment of the color, the use of thiourea can prevent the pigment from losing from the flower and prolong the storage time of the flower, the use of citric acid, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone can obviously prolong the storage life of the pigment fixing agent, the lack of any one of the components can influence the effective period of the fixing agent, the effective period of the pigment fixing agent containing citric acid, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone can reach 90-120 days, and the effective period of the pigment fixing agent lacking any one of the components is only 10-30 days.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical field are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The general flower preservation solution is characterized by comprising a dehydrating agent, a pigment fixing agent and a coating agent;
the dehydrating agent comprises tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol;
the pigment fixing agent comprises aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, a carbolic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate, liquid silicone and phosphate, and the pH value of the pigment fixing agent is 6.0-6.5;
the coating agent is silicone resin.
2. The universal flower preservation solution according to claim 1, wherein the dehydrating agent comprises 17.5-57.5% of tertiary butanol, 20-30% of n-propanol and 20-30% of dimethyl methanol by volume percentage.
3. The universal flower preservation solution according to claim 2, wherein 37.5% of tertiary butanol is included in the dehydrating agent.
4. The universal flower preservative fluid according to claim 1, wherein the carbolic acid is 88% carbolic acid solution; the phosphate is sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate.
5. The universal flower preservative fluid according to claim 4, wherein the pigment fixative comprises, in volume percent, 3.7% carbolic acid solution and 2.5% liquid silicone;
the pigment fixing agent comprises, by weight, 0.2% of aldehydic sulfenic acid, 1% of citric acid, 1% of thiourea, 0.6% of sodium citrate and 0.5% of aluminum sulfate.
6. The preparation method of the universal flower preservation solution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, sequentially adding tertiary butanol, n-propanol and dimethyl methanol into pure water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding aldehydic sulfoxylic acid, 88% rock carbonic acid solution, citric acid, thiourea, aluminum sulfate, sodium citrate and liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.5 to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
and 3, taking silicone resin as a coating agent.
7. The universal fresh flower preservation solution according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, sequentially adding 175-575mL tertiary butanol, 200-300mL n-propanol and 200-300mL dimethyl methanol into pure water, uniformly mixing, and then fixing the volume to 1000mL to obtain a dehydrating agent;
step 2, adding 2g of aldehyde sulfenic acid, 37mL of 88% rock carbonic acid solution, 10g of citric acid, 10g of thiourea, 5g of aluminum sulfate, 6g of sodium citrate and 25mL of liquid silicone into pure water, then adding sodium phosphate or ammonium phosphate, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 6.0-6.5, and carrying out constant volume to 1000mL to obtain a pigment fixing agent;
step 3, take 37mL of silicone resin package as coating agent.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113853975A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-31 | 开远云之澳花卉有限公司 | Method for quickly dyeing fresh Australian wintersweet flowers |
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| US20090119801A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-05-07 | Suntory Flowers Limited | Method for preserving cut flowers, cut flower preservation kit, method for manufacturing processed cut flowers, and processed cut flowers |
| CN107136053A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-08 | 刘书典 | A kind of moisturizing, fresh flower Slide processing that is fresh-keeping, protecting color |
| CN110774818A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 石林华莱永生花卉有限公司 | Method for decoloring, soaking, dyeing and preserving permanent flower |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090119801A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-05-07 | Suntory Flowers Limited | Method for preserving cut flowers, cut flower preservation kit, method for manufacturing processed cut flowers, and processed cut flowers |
| CN107136053A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-08 | 刘书典 | A kind of moisturizing, fresh flower Slide processing that is fresh-keeping, protecting color |
| CN110774818A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-11 | 石林华莱永生花卉有限公司 | Method for decoloring, soaking, dyeing and preserving permanent flower |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113853975A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-31 | 开远云之澳花卉有限公司 | Method for quickly dyeing fresh Australian wintersweet flowers |
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