CN108174844A - A kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose - Google Patents
A kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose Download PDFInfo
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- CN108174844A CN108174844A CN201810046045.0A CN201810046045A CN108174844A CN 108174844 A CN108174844 A CN 108174844A CN 201810046045 A CN201810046045 A CN 201810046045A CN 108174844 A CN108174844 A CN 108174844A
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- china rose
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- 240000008254 Rosa chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 235000000664 Rosa chinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 235000000100 Hibiscus rosa sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 244000086443 Craterellus fallax Species 0.000 description 1
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- 240000006497 Dianthus caryophyllus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 241000245654 Gladiolus Species 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000366676 Justicia pectoralis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011449 Rosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004816 Rosa helenae Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004824 Rosa micrantha Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000109404 Rosa micrantha Species 0.000 description 1
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- ATSKDYKYMQVTGH-POBNKHOBSA-N amaranthin Chemical compound [N+]1([C@H](C([O-])=O)CC=2C=C(C(=CC=21)O)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)C(O)=O)O)O)CO)=C\C=C1/C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(C(O)=O)=C1 ATSKDYKYMQVTGH-POBNKHOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNGVOGUQLNOBKK-POBNKHOBSA-N amaranthine Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](Oc2cc3C[C@H](N(C=CC4=CC(=N[C@@H](C4)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)c3cc2O)C(=O)O)[C@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]5O)C(=O)O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O HNGVOGUQLNOBKK-POBNKHOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009363 floriculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- WALYXZANOBBHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium sodium trichloride hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] WALYXZANOBBHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/02—Keeping cut flowers fresh chemically
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to immortality flower processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose.Specifically include following steps：(1) pretreatment of China rose；(2) color retention；(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing；(4) it is dry；(5) subsequent processing：Dried China rose flower is carried out shaping, reinforce, add it is fragrant to get to immortal China rose finished product.The present invention is that color protection, shield shape are carried out on the basis of China rose intrinsic colour and shape, it does not need to manually paint after China rose is first decolourized again, technical difficulty and cost of manufacture are reduced, and the feel of the good color and luster of holding, character and softness that the immortal China rose of gained can be chronically.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to immortality flower processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose.
Background technology
Immortality flower is called preserved flower, ecology flower, and foreign countries are called " amaranthine fresh flower forever ", and current immortal flower is with fresh-cut
Flower is material, by being dehydrated, decolourizing, drying, the dried flower that a series of complex program making forms such as dyeing.Immortality flower either color
Pool, shape, feel are almost no different with fresh flower, it remains the cardinal trait of fresh flower, and preserve conveniently, viewing period it is long, not by
Season limit, application are very extensive.The immortal China rose of processing can overcome regional limitation and Fresh Cutting flower transport that China rose is planted
The problems such as difficult, meets larger range of demand, and the resources advantage in China rose plantation area is enable to give full play to.Immortality flower is not
Dried flower is same as, compared with dried flower, immortality flower color is and non-breakable compared with horn of plenty, is relatively suitble to make various ornameutal handiworks.Forever
Raw flower is constantly subjected to western countries white collar and upper strata consumers from after the appearance of the country such as eighties of last century France, Germany
It pursues, according to document announcement, the colored person that sells that France has 30% starts to turn to sale immortality flower product.The floriculture culture of Japan compares
It is thick and heavy.At present, Japanese immortality is spent is in great demand very much, and Amada Co., Ltd. (flower-open) president Gu Chuan is by U.S. in Chinese yunnan
Ground temperature will be worked as, soil acidity or alkalinity, humidity and the demand from customer all over the world are combined, using high-tech technique
Flowers are handled, make it fresh-keeping.The immortality flower of high quality is produced with minimum cost, to have obtained the world each for the immortality flower of production
The accreditation and favor of ground consumer.At the same time, break the fort of domestic immortality flower, fill up the blank of domestic immortality flower,
Great contribution is made that for domestic immortality flower industry.
Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) is perennial fallen leaves or the evergreen shrubs of rose family Rosa, is that China ten passes greatly
It unites one of famous flower, with gladiolus, chrysanthemum, carnation and claiming the world four big Fresh Cutting flowers.As the improvement of people's living standards, as one
Kind modern flowers, " spending middle queen " Chinese rose implied meaning love are increasingly favored, but from plant with wishing by the people of the world
The Rose Cutting picked, viewing period longest can only keep 7~15 days, and then petal will wilt and come off, and fresh flower becomes
It is withered.Chinese rose originates in China, is China's traditional flowers, has long cultivation and developing history due to wide adaptability, color
Mutually have, the flowers are in blossom constantly, be world-renowned woody ornamental flower and make immortality flower excellent colored material.China is as the moon
The cradle in season, ancient times Chinese rose breeding layer once leads over the world, and lags far behind western countries now.Reform and open up to the outside world it
Afterwards, the flowers cause in China is restored gradually.Chinese rose has extensive mass foundation in China, has been more than 60 a city of China
City flower.
Immortality flower currently on the market is with the passage of holding time, and there is such as the form of flower, pliability etc.
The problems such as flower is not full, quality becomes fragile, easily gets damp again, seeps water, fading, and after being decolourized manually again on
Color, its complex technical process of this mode, defect rate is high, can waste a large amount of flowers raw material.It can be seen that immortal Chinese rose
Flower manufacture craft is an extremely complex technological process, and the processing of different color protections shield shape, drying means all can be to immortality flower product
Matter has an important influence on.Chinese rose flower can keep its original flower pattern and natural colour, ornamental value substantially after force drying
Height watches long lifespan.However Chinese rose drying flower from some defects so that its produce and use be very limited.The
One, semi-open Chinese rose (i.e. goblet shape) ornamental value is best, with immortality flower made of it, ornamental value also highest.It is but half-open
Chinese rose petal stretched, it is dry after flower material easily because squeezing, colliding come off broken when external force act ons.Second, China rose
Valve fibrosis is low, and easily water suction, and petal easily softens, is sagging after making moist, and flower-shape changes, and ornamental value value reduces.
Natural seasoning is included for the conventional drying process of China rose, drier investment, liquor seasoning, heats and does
Dry method, boulton process, freeze-drying.Natural seasoning is to remove the moisture in plant using the natural circulation of air,
Although natural seasoning saves resource, less efficient, the unsuitable immortal flower prod of mass production is wasted time.Drier
Investment is that vegetable material is buried with drier, absorbs the moisture in textile material, drying time using drier
It is shorter but easily dry excessive.Liquor seasoning is endophytic with being absorbed with hygroscopicity rather than volatile organic solvent
Moisture, the method can ensure dried flower have good gloss and texture, but in the case of a high temperature spend material can go mouldy with
And color can dim out, and can have a certain impact to colored color.Heat drying agent method is by appropriate temperature damage plant
Internal plasm layer, so as to the method that internal moisture evaporation is allowed to come out.
Vacuum drying can utmostly keep spending color, shape and the structural constituent of material, and it is aqueous to reduce flower material institute as far as possible
The external diffusion air pressure divided, accelerates the evaporation of surface moisture；On the other hand, the water inside increase vegetable material between surface moisture steams
Draught head accelerates interior diffusion, and so as to accelerate the rate of drying of colored material, therefore the China rose after vacuum drying can ensure matter
Amount.In order to retain the characteristics of fresh flower is original, we have developed a kind of novel immortality flower manufacture craft, superior by selecting quality
Fresh flower, color protection is carried out to it, shape is protected, adds the working processes such as perfume (or spice), enable flower retain to the full extent its original form,
Color and luster, texture and fragrance, it appears that be no different with very flower.Collocation is combined to immortality flower flower using the artistic technique, is made
Go out the immortal flower process product such as immortal fancy glass lamp shade, firework, bouquet, handicraft picture.
At present, the immortal flower market field of China is much spent mostly not as good as developed countries, China's immortality such as American-European and Japan and Korea S in Yunnan
Areas production is waited, is still based on foreign export.With external immortal productive technology compared with production technology, the country is more fallen
Afterwards, the quality of immortality flower is also relatively poor, for example, the drier manufacture of Japan is quite effective so that immortality flower is in color
With the condition for having optimization in terms of preservation；Domestic immortality is spent mainly to be produced using traditional handicrafts such as bleaching, dyeing, and product lacks
Lack texture specific to fresh flower and natural charm and reduce its ornamental value.With people's material and cultural life and life
The raising of quality, people start to begin with U.S. in life of interest.The viewing period of fresh flower is shorter, fresh after picking a couple of days
Flower petal, which will wilt, to come off.In addition, there is also huge transportation problems in transportational process for fresh flower.Since immortality spends colored material
No moisture overcomes the transport difficult of fresh flower, meets the demand of bigger regional extent.The holding time of immortality flower is long, generally
Storage life is 3-5, and immortality flower becomes a kind of Novel ornament newly risen over the past two years.Immortality flower has longer effective use
Time and it is ornamental do not limited and influenced by season time, geographical location, management is more convenient and does not need to storage facilities, application
Field is also very extensive, becomes quality-high and inexpensive ornament.Immortality flower is endowed emotional feature as commodity, so as to meet
The emotional appeals of consumer.In addition, immortality flower is not only translated into a kind of story, it is also a big attraction as gift box product.Forever
The demand of raw flower increasingly increases, and the demand of domestic immortality flower market is very big, and therefore, domestic immortality flower has wide city
Field prospect and huge economic benefit.
Although it is at present one of flowers product salable in the world that immortality, which is spent, limited by immortality flower technical conditions,
The production of domestic immortality flower, which is substantially all, at present belongs to " individual workship " formula, and production technology is in stage of fumbling, production and supply amount
Also relatively fewer/since the demand of domestic immortality flower increasingly increases, immortality flower industry will have boundless market in future
Potentiality.
Invention content
The immortal technical difficulty and cost of manufacture for spending manufacture field can be significantly reduced the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of,
And the immortal China rose of gained can be chronically the good color and luster of holding, character and softness feel immortal China rose system
Make technique.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose, includes the following steps：
(1) pretreatment of China rose：The processing of China rose rehydration and processing of blooming；
(2) color retention：With 10%~15% citric acid of mass fraction, 1%~1.2% magnesium chloride, 10%~15% boron
Acid, 1%~1.2% aluminum sulfate and volume ratio are 1：3 methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol mixed liquid dipping processing China rose fresh flower, carry out
Color retention；
(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing：With 5%~7.5% citric acid of mass fraction, 0.5%~0.6% magnesium chloride and body
Product is than being 5:2:China rose after 4 isopropanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400 mixed liquor processing color protection；
(4) it is dry：Processing is dried using boulton process.
(5) subsequent processing：Dried China rose flower is carried out shaping, reinforce, add it is fragrant to get to immortal China rose into
Product.
The pretreatment of the China rose is in the period of the morning 9~11, and China rose stalk base is tiltedly cut with secateurs
Portion retains 3 centimetres or so of stalk, is put into container, impregnates China rose with clear water, height of water level is China rose culm length
Flower is opened for subsequent color retention after 1/3,4~8 hours.
The color retention soaking time is 0.6~1 hour；The liquid substitution shield shape processing time is 8~12
Hour.
The drying using boulton process processing shield shape after China rose, drying time be 12~24 hours between,
Between drying temperature is 25~30 DEG C, placed again after taking-up 12 hours；The follow-up beautification includes shaping, reinforces, adds perfume three
A part.
The shaping, to reinforce be to be trimmed using the scissors part extra to flower and note a small amount of glue in petal base portion
Make it securely；The perfume (or spice) that adds is that food flavor is added dropwise to flower inside.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is that color protection, shield shape are carried out on the basis of China rose intrinsic colour and shape, is not needed to China rose again
It manually paints after first decolourizing, reduces technical difficulty and cost of manufacture, and the holding that the immortal China rose of gained can be chronically
The feel of good color and luster, character and softness.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is color protection contrast test of the present invention；Wherein the comparison of A. first time color protections is handled；Wherein second of color protection comparison of B.
Processing；Wherein the comparison of C. third times color protection is handled；
Fig. 2 protects shape contrast test for liquid substitution of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the dry contrast test of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the immortal China rose finished product that the present invention obtains.
Fig. 5 is compared for 1 corresponding Choice tests of table of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is compared for 3 corresponding Choice tests of table of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is compared for 5 corresponding Choice tests of table of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is compared for 7 corresponding Choice tests of table of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is compared for 9 corresponding Choice tests of table of the present invention；
Figure 10 is flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
1-10 and table are described further the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1-Fig. 9 is the technology to the present invention
Object is done to show, and as the present invention is obtained on sufficient experiment basis not comprising the specific technical step of the present invention
Evidence submitted.
The invention discloses a kind of manufacture crafts of immortal China rose, belong to immortality flower processing technique field.Mainly include
Five steps below：(1) pretreatment of China rose：The processing of China rose rehydration and processing of blooming；(2) color retention：By citric acid,
The mixed liquor processing China rose that magnesium chloride, boric acid, aluminum sulfate, ascorbic acid, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol form
Fresh flower 0.6~1 hour；(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing：By citric acid, magnesium chloride, isopropanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400
China rose after the mixed liquor processing color protection of composition 8~12 hours；(4) it is dry：It is dried 12~24 hours using boulton process,
It is placed again after taking-up 12 hours；(5) follow-up landscaping treatment：Shaping is carried out to dried China rose flower, reinforces, add perfume (or spice), i.e.,
Obtain immortal China rose finished product.The present invention is that color protection, shield shape are carried out on the basis of China rose intrinsic colour and shape, is not needed to
It manually paints after China rose is first decolourized again, reduces technical difficulty and cost of manufacture, and the immortal China rose of gained can be
Its original color and luster, shape and feel are kept in long-time well.
Embodiment 1
(1) pretreatment of China rose：Select Rosa floribunda kind ' wave plug Naina ', in the period of the morning 9~11, use
Secateurs tiltedly cuts China rose stalk base portion, retains 3 centimetres or so of stalk, is put into container, impregnates China rose, water level with clear water
Highly it is that flower is opened after 1/3,4~8 hours of China rose culm length；
(2) color retention：With 10% citric acid of volume fraction, 1% magnesium chloride, 10% boric acid, 1% aluminum sulfate and volume ratio
It is 1：3 methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol mixed liquid dipping processing China rose fresh flower carry out color protection in 1 hour；
(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing：With 5%~7.5% citric acid of mass fraction, 0.5%~0.6% magnesium chloride and body
Product is than being 5:2:China rose after 4 isopropanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400 mixed liquor processing color protection；
(4) it is dry：The China rose after processing shield shape is dried using boulton process, drying time is 12 hours, is done
Between dry temperature is 25~30 DEG C, placed again after taking-up 12 hours；
(5) subsequent processing：Trimmed by scissors, base portion injecting glue, be added dropwise food flavor to dried China rose flower into
Row shaping reinforces, adds fragrant processing.
Embodiment 2
(1) pretreatment of China rose：Select Chinese rose of cut flower kind ' Corolla ', in the period of the morning 9~11, with branch
It cuts and tiltedly cuts China rose stalk base portion, retain 3 centimetres or so of stalk, be put into container, impregnate China rose with clear water, water level is high
1/3 for China rose culm length is spent, flower is opened after 4~8 hours；
(2) color retention：With 15% citric acid of volume fraction, 1.2% magnesium chloride, 15% boric acid, 1.2% aluminum sulfate and body
Product is than being 1：3 methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol mixed liquid dipping processing China rose fresh flower carry out color protection in 0.6 hour；
(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing：By citric acid, magnesium chloride, isopropanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400 according to volume
Than being 5:2:China rose after the mixed liquor processing color protection of 4 allotments, processing time is 12 hours；
(4) it is dry：The China rose after processing shield shape is dried using boulton process, drying time is 24 hours, is done
Between dry temperature is 25~30 DEG C, placed again after taking-up 12 hours；
(5) subsequent processing：Trimmed by scissors, base portion injecting glue, be added dropwise food flavor to dried China rose flower into
Row shaping reinforces, adds fragrant processing.
Embodiment 3
Select Chinese rose of cut flower ' Diana '；Remaining implementation steps technique is the same as embodiment 2.
Here it is all that have passed through the technological achievement that stringent analysis is obtained with experiment to emphatically point out said program.Below we
The treatment process that each link of this method will be directed to illustrates.
We are had found by analysis, due to lacking acid condition and metal ion in shield shape liquid, make flower color after color protection
Unstable during shape is protected, then we add 15% citric acid in I3 groups and 1% magnesium chloride is set as J groups, knot
Fruit finds that J composition work(solves slight COLOR FASTNESS PROBLEM existing for I3 groups, the preferable color protection part of obtained flower color and form：
In order to study the influence of variety classes and similar various concentration liquor to Chinese rose flower effect of color protection, take such as table
Color retention scheme shown in 1 to obtain preferable color protection formula, reaches preferable effect of color protection.
Table 1 first time China rose color retention testing program
First, consulting literatures, we devise above-mentioned 16 kinds of experimental programs and match to probe into the best of Chinese rose flower colour protecting liquid
Side.For A quasi-experiment studies mainly with various concentration citric acid and magnesium chloride combination solution, this is a kind of common traditional color protection
Method.Citric acid is a kind of stronger organic acid of acidity, and the permeability of flower cell can be changed, promote some color protection ions into
Enter；It also acts as pH adjustings and the effect of auxiliary color, and in low ph value, all anthocyanidin exists in the form of yellow salt cation,
Enhance flower red；The anthocyanidin in magnesium ion and petal in magnesium chloride can form metal complex, can also form flower
Color glucoside (red).This anthocyanin and glucoside member are in pH value<Red stable material is presented under conditions of 7.Both substances are matched
It closes and uses, so as to achieve the effect that color protection.For this kind of Chinese rose, various concentration gradient is devised, probes into best the two
Coordinate concentration.B quasi-experiment studies are based on A classes, and the organic acid tartaric acid similar to citric acid is selected to replace citric acid.
Tartaric acid has inoxidizability, there is fresh-keeping effect to a certain extent as a kind of organic acid existing in various fruits.Needle
10 kinds of concentration gradients are configured with to its combination with magnesium chloride, to probe into whether tartaric acid can replace citric acid, even
The no effect that can carry out color protection to Chinese rose flower than citric acid is more preferable.C quasi-experiment studies probe into scheme for ethyl alcohol, mainly probe into
Absolute ethyl alcohol carries out what kind of effect infiltration can reach for solvent, since normal flower has discolouration phenomena in absolute ethyl alcohol,
It also probes into simultaneously in the ethanol solution for adding in color stabilizer, whether Chinese rose flower can achieve the effect that by color protection.C1, C2 points
Not using citric acid and tartaric acid as color stabilizer, compare the good and bad difference of two kinds of organic acids.D groups are tested on the basis that preceding three classes are tested
On, aluminum sulfate is added, aluminum sulfate can generate the aluminium hydroxide that can adsorb and precipitate the substances such as bacterium, be commonly used for wood preservation,
The metal complex of yellow can be formed with letones again simultaneously, increase the stability of pattern.By it with citric acid, tartaric acid and
Magnesium chloride is used in combination, while makees solvent using absolute ethyl alcohol, observes its effect of color protection.
Table 2 first time China rose color retention appraisal result
From the point of view of appraisal result, it can deduce.A quasi-traditions experimental program has good effect in terms of flower color is kept
Fruit, but flower color is not bright-coloured enough, petal does not have toughness, and shape is caved in, and petal is easily fallen during high concentration, the green of calyx
It cannot keep, summarize apparently, the combination of citric acid and magnesium chloride can only maintain the color of flower, other aspects are poor.B
Quasi-experiment study result and A classes are similar, and sole difference keeps preferable for two groups of calyx greens of B2 and B9.C quasi-experiment studies
Using absolute ethyl alcohol as solvent, the C1 groups for adding in citric acid produce serious discolouration phenomena, and the C2 groups for adding in tartaric acid only generate
Slight discolouration phenomena, it was demonstrated that citric acid cannot be used alone to carry out color protection and tartaric acid can be with, and be solvent with ethyl alcohol
The flower that colour protecting liquid soaks out is very strong, and shape keeps preferable, but petal is easier to fall, and calyx conservation degree is also bad.D groups are real
It is a combination to tri- quasi-experiment study of A, B, C to test design, it was proved that effect is preferable, though flower has slight colour fading,
But whole flower color is very bright-coloured, and petal is strong, and calyx also keeps preferable relatively, but petal is easily fallen.From the point of view of summarizing, tradition
Citric acid and magnesium chloride brine method flower global shape is made to cave in, it is similar to be changed to tartaric acid effect, if but with anhydrous second
Alcohol prepares solution as solvent, and flower is strong, and shape keeps preferable, but still can not change the phenomenon that flower easily falls petal, calyx
Green keeps also bad.
Second of the China rose color retention testing program of table 3
The problem of for above-mentioned experimental program, has first carried out D groups experimental program extension design, and E1 groups are in D
Concentration is changed on the basis of group, tartaric acid has been changed to boric acid by E2 and E3 groups, and boric acid is compared to citric acid, tartaic acid weak one
A bit, but its application is very wide, can antibacterial anti-corrosion, adjust pH, and borate can be formed in the solution, increase the gloss of petal.E4 and
E5 groups in front on the basis of add ferrous sulfate, on the one hand want to probe into ferrous ion whether can be the same with magnesium ion, rise
To fixed effect is replaced, on the other hand its color protection situation to calyx is probed into using the color of ferrous ion.
Second of the China rose color retention appraisal result of table 4
From the point of view of experiment and appraisal result, E1, E2 group and D group results before are essentially identical, but the green of calyx has
Relatively good holding, while in contrast petal becomes to be not easy to fall E3 groups the experiment has found that tartaric acid easily makes flower petal
Become fragile, and this phenomenon would not occur using boric acid.E4, E5 group experimental program are substantially similar to first three groups, but flower color
It is relatively deep, black, thus it is speculated that the color for ferrous ion makes flower darken.In summary, suitably increase citric acid, the boron of concentration
Acid, magnesium chloride and aluminum sulfate cooperation can improve flower quality, and ferrous sulfate can not replace magnesium ion into line replacement, and can make flower
Piece color burn, exists simultaneously the phenomenon that petal is excessively crisp, flower edge is transparent.
5 third time China rose color retention testing program of table
It is presumed that the phenomenon that flower is excessively crisp, bleach is caused by ethanol infiltration hyperenergia, while in order not to make flower
Piece shape is caved in, and the methanol slightly weaker than ethanol infiltration ability has been mixed into this experimental design procedure, dissolves medicine as solvent
Product.According to the optimum formula of experiment gained before, F1 and F2 groups are devised.F3 to F8 be separately added into zinc sulfate, copper sulphate and
Ascorbic acid.In copper sulphate and zinc sulfate in the presence of copper, zinc ion, the magnesium ion in chlorophyll may replace in acid condition,
The copper chlorophyll or zinc complexes of highly stable green are formed, achievees the effect that calyx guarantor is green, ascorbic acid is vitamin C,
With strong inoxidizability, while as itself contained organic substance in a kind of plant, flower is not generated larger
It influences.
6 third time China rose color retention testing program of table
By test result analysis, this time by the use of the mixed solution of methanol and ethyl alcohol as solvent, petal will not become fragile, and
Edge Transparency Phenomenon is also mitigated.Comparatively, the colour fading of F1 and F2 groups flower is heavier, the reason of colour fading to add in methanol, and
The green situation of calyx guarantor is still bad, and F3, F5, F7 colour fading are heavier, and F4 has slight colour fading, and F6 and F8 are being added in without discolouration phenomena
In the group of zinc sulfate and copper sulphate, the green effect of calyx guarantor is preferable, and ascorbic acid also has preferable guarantor's color effect.Summary is seen
Come, all substances in ingredient suffer from the effect of oneself, while also have interaction between them, and using effect simultaneously
Most preferably, petal is strong, non-friable, and pattern is more bright-coloured compared to primary colors, and calyx, which also has, preferably protects green effect, i.e., above-mentioned F8 matches
Side.
Liquid substitution protects shape processing scheme：In order to study influence of the different liquors to Chinese rose flower shield shape effect after color protection,
And under different condition liquid substitution shield shape situation, liquid substitution as shown in table 8 is taken to protect shape processing scheme, with obtain compared with
Good shield shape formula reaches preferable shield shape effect.
7 China rose liquid substitution of table shield shape processing testing program
We choose more than 5 kinds of liquors carry out test combinations, wherein their effumability is：Absolute ethyl alcohol>Isopropanol>
N-butanol>Propylene glycol>Polyethylene glycol 400.
Absolute ethyl alcohol has very strong permeability, can be very good to replace the moisture in flower tissue because of its high volatility
It swaps out and.The volatility of isopropanol is only second to absolute ethyl alcohol, it may have higher permeability can freely mix, but with water to parent
The dissolving power of oily matter is stronger than absolute ethyl alcohol, therefore the anhydrous second that can will be remained in after color protection in flower tissue as medium
Alcohol is replaced away, and the lower solvent of volatility is imported.The volatility of n-butanol is only second to isopropanol, has centainly
Permeability can participate in replacing with the immiscible organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol as intermediate.Propylene glycol is not volatile, and can be with
The immiscible organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol can make flower tissue and replace the main component of liquid, but because permeability is low, be not easy the nothing after color protection
Water-ethanol is replaced out, therefore the solvent that can be used permeability high is replaced step by step.Polyethylene glycol 400 pole is not volatile, and property is extremely
Stablize, often make stabilizer, flower tissue can be made and replace liquid main component, but because permeability is low, be not easy the anhydrous second after color protection
Alcohol is replaced out, therefore the solvent that can be used permeability high is replaced step by step.
In order to probe into the influence that three kinds of absolute ethyl alcohol, n-butanol, propylene glycol reagents spend Chinese rose immortality shield shape effect, we
Preliminary design G groups shield shape experimental program.The result shows that：G group experimental programs have very big shield shape effect, but hold time not
Long, flower global shape collapses after the long period, and the shrinkage of petal edge is serious.Being speculated as the quick volatilization of absolute ethyl alcohol makes
It is serious to obtain the shrinkage of flower edge, and n-butanol and the molecular weight of propylene glycol are smaller, are not enough to maintain flower form.It is asked based on above-mentioned
Topic, we add the larger and not volatile polyethylene glycol 400 of molecular weight, and there is provided two groups of experimental programs of H1-H3, I1-I2.
The result shows that discolouration phenomena has occurred in the experimental group containing n-butanol, and propylene glycol will not make to spend colour fading, but due to its molecule
Amount is bigger than n-butanol, and flower is made to be difficult to drying.On this question, we have been finally introducing isopropanol, and with it is preceding test twice third
Glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 combination, devise I3-I5 experimental programs.The experimental results showed that I3 groups, i.e. isopropanol and propylene glycol
With polyethylene glycol 400 using volume ratio as 5：2：The shield shape liquid of 4 proportional arrangement, effect are best
Spend liquid substitution shield shape processing appraisal result table August season
Drying nest：The influence of Chinese rose flower drying effect after shape is protected to study different drying modes to color protection, we
There is provided following 5 kinds of drying means, and the effect of detailed analysis its drying with principle to obtain preferable drying means, reach
Preferable drying effect.
Embedding drying：Being sprinkled into drier 1 that thickness is 3cm or so in container bottom, (discoloration silica gel is with salt volume ratio
3：1), flower is inserted upwardly into wherein, and gently perfuses between petal drier 2 (fine sand is 1 with salt volume ratio：1) it, waits to do
After the covering flower substantially of drying prescription 2, drier 1 is added until desiccant surface is higher by 1~2cm of flower top.It places at room temperature
12h is dried, and cleans out remaining drier after taking-up.
Microwave drying：Flower is placed under the conditions of micro-wave oven 120W and dries 8min, is placed again at room temperature after taking-up
12h。
Vacuum drying：Flower is placed under 0.096MPa vacuum degree conditions dry 12h, is placed again at room temperature after taking-up
12h。
Microwave Embedding drying：Embedding method is identical with Embedding drying, and drying under the conditions of micro-wave oven 120W is placed after embedding
Remaining drier after taking-up is cleaned out, places 12h again at room temperature by 8min.
Vacuum investing is dried：Embedding method is identical with Embedding drying, dry under 0.096MPa vacuum degree conditions after embedding
Remaining drier after taking-up is cleaned out, places 12h again at room temperature by 12h.
First, consulting literatures, we devise more than experimental program and are dried most to probe into Chinese rose flower after color protection shield shape
Best method.
Embedding drying mainly uses the drying effect of drier, and embedding can remove flower remained on surface completely
Liquor, wherein discoloration silica gel plays main dry absorption, salt plays ventilation with fine sand.Microwave drying is to utilize microwave
The effect of resonance, makes flower heat rapidly, so as to which the liquor of remained on surface be volatilized away.Vacuum drying is low using liquor
The characteristics of volatile under the conditions of pressure, makes flower remained on surface liquor gradually volatilize under low pressure, and speed is slower.Microwave Embedding drying
It is that microwave heating is carried out on the basis of Embedding drying, compared to Embedding drying, microwave Embedding drying can be removed faster
The liquor of flower remained on surface.Vacuum investing drying is dried in vacuo on the basis of Embedding drying, is done compared to vacuum
Dry, vacuum investing drying can faster remove the liquor of flower remained on surface.
Table September season flower drying process appraisal result
From the point of view of appraisal result, Embedding drying and microwave embedding, absorption of the vacuum investing drying for flower surface liquor
Play the role of very big, but flower is generally not bright-coloured enough, and petal is brittle and is easier to fall, and flower is integrally similar to general dried flower.It is micro-
Wave drying can make the liquor in flower volatilize rapidly, maintain compared with gay colours, but because rate of volatilization is too fast, it is impossible to very well
Maintain original form.Though it is slower to be dried in vacuo rate of drying, it can be good at vaporing away the liquor on surface, without
The liquor displacement liquid inside flower is influenced, and gay colours can be maintained well, the strong of flower is kept, but still has pole
Few liquor remains in surface, is long placed in rear surface residual liquor and gradually volatilizees disappearance.Therefore, the Chinese rose flower after shape is protected for color protection
Drying, using vacuum drying effect it is preferable.
We are directed to vacuum drying time T1 and time T2, T3 that color protection and liquid substitution shield shape are handled into line number simultaneously
According to quantization, the enhancing of the time with color protection and liquid substitution shield shape processing is found, the vacuum drying time is not that the longer the better
's.It is compared from vacuum drying longitudinal effect, the influence of the longer bright-coloured degree for pattern of vacuum drying time is more
Seriously, then rational vacuum drying time can reach while effective volatilization residual liquor ensures that pattern is bright-coloured as far as possible
The effect of degree.Specially：
Wherein x is the weight of the flower of processing, and unit is kilogram.The unit of T1, T2, T3 are hour, wherein, T3 and x's
Comparison is only the comparison of numerical value.
Above-mentioned time relationship is similar and Gaussian curve, it has been found that when T1 is sufficiently large, the vividness of flower with
The growth of time produces apparent decline, therefore inventor has carried out the experiment of 500 times or more, passes through the data point of computer
Analysis has obtained above-mentioned curve, and the immortality flower vividness by the processing of above-mentioned time relationship is good, and raffinate removal is thorough, can be into one
Step ensures the technique effect of the program.
Based on above technical scheme, inventor gives four best step designing schemes.
First, best color protection scheme：
+ 0.02% copper sulphate of+0.02% ascorbic acid of 15% citric acid+1% magnesium chloride+1% aluminum sulfate of+15% boric acid+
0.02% zinc sulfate, solvent are methanol：Absolute ethyl alcohol volume ratio=1：3, processing time 1h.
1. drug ingredient：
Citric acid：Citric acid is a kind of stronger organic acid of acidity, and the permeability of flower cell can be changed, promote some shields
The entrance of color ion；It also acts as pH adjustings and the effect of auxiliary color, and in low ph value, all anthocyanidin is with yellow salt cation
Form exists, and enhances flower red.
Magnesium chloride：The anthocyanidin in magnesium ion and petal in magnesium chloride can form metal complex, can also form flower
Color glucoside (red).This anthocyanin and glucoside member are in pH value<Red stable material is presented under conditions of 7.
Boric acid：Boric acid acidity is weaker, as pH adjusting agent, and plays antibacterial corrosion-resistant；Boric acid is formed in the solution
Borate can enhance the gloss of petal.
Aluminum sulfate：Aluminum sulfate can generate the aluminium hydroxide that can adsorb and precipitate the substances such as bacterium, as precipitating reagent, be commonly used for
Wood preservation, while the metal complex of yellow can be formed with letones again, increase the stability of pattern.
Ascorbic acid：Ascorbic acid is high-efficiency antioxidant agent, can effectively prevent what flower may occur in soaking process
Oxidation reaction.
Copper sulphate, zinc sulfate：In acid condition, the magnesium ion in chlorophyll molecule porphyrin ring can be replaced by hydrogen ion,
Generate filemot pheophytin, the hydrogen ion in pheophytin molecule can be replaced again by copper, zinc ion, and generate very
The copper chlorophyll or zinc complexes of stable green, so as to achieve the effect that it is green that calyx is protected.
2. solution components
Volume ratio is 1:3 methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol mixed liquor play the role of dissolving drug with replacing moisture in flower.When
When solvent is entirely ethyl alcohol, penetration is too strong, petal can be made to become fragile, and edge is transparent, so the slightly weak methanol of penetration is mixed into,
Suitable penetration is can reach, avoids the problem that petal is brittle and is easily damaged.
2nd, best liquid substitution shield shape scheme
+ 1% magnesium chloride of 15% citric acid is dissolved in isopropanol：Propylene glycol：Polyethylene glycol 400=5：2：In 4 solvent, processing
Time is 12h.
1. drug ingredient
Citric acid, magnesium chloride：Citric acid and magnesium chloride provide the ring of an acidity and more magnesium ion in the effect of shield shape
Border makes pigment in the flower after color protection maintain state stable before, will not be destroyed in the replacement process of shield shape.
2. solution components
The main function of liquid substitution shield shape liquid is that methanol in colour protecting liquid and ethyl alcohol are substituted for the weaker liquor of volatility,
What is utilized is the principle replaced step by step.Their effumability is：Absolute ethyl alcohol>Methanol>Isopropanol>Propylene glycol>Polyethylene glycol
400.Ingredient is isopropanol：Propylene glycol：Polyethylene glycol 400=5：2：4 liquor, isopropanol therein have higher infiltration
Property, can and water freely mix, but stronger than absolute ethyl alcohol to the dissolving power of lipophilicity substance, therefore can will be after color protection as medium
The methanol and absolute ethyl alcohol remained in flower tissue is replaced away, and by volatility lower propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400
Importing is come in.And propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 pole is not volatile, property is very stable, often makees stabilizer, can make flower tissue and replace
The main component of liquid is changed, in the form of maintaining flower original.
3rd, optimum drying scheme
Vacuum drying：Flower color protection protected after shape is placed under 0.096MPa vacuum degree conditions within dry 12h, is taken out
It places within 12h again at room temperature afterwards.The dry time can follow following formula wherein under vacuum degree condition：
Vacuum drying is the characteristics of utilizing liquor volatile under lower pressure, to make flower remained on surface liquor under low pressure
Gradually volatilization.Its rate of drying is slower, but it is not in dry excessive situation to reach after certain critical value, only by flower surface
Liquor volatilize away, without influencing whether the solution components inside flower, flower is enable to keep original color and luster and form.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of manufacture craft of immortality China rose, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) pretreatment of China rose：The processing of China rose rehydration and processing of blooming；
(2) color retention：With 10%~15% citric acid of mass fraction, 1%~1.2% magnesium chloride, 10%~15% boric acid,
1%~1.2% aluminum sulfate is 1 with volume ratio：3 methanol, absolute ethyl alcohol mixed liquid dipping processing China rose fresh flower, carry out color protection
Processing；
(3) liquid substitution shield shape processing：With 5%~7.5% citric acid of mass fraction, 0.5%~0.6% magnesium chloride and volume ratio
It is 5:2:China rose after 4 isopropanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 400 mixed liquor processing color protection；
(4) it is dry：Processing is dried using boulton process；
(5) subsequent processing：Dried China rose flower is carried out shaping, reinforce, add it is fragrant to get to immortal China rose finished product.
2. a kind of manufacture craft of immortal China rose according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The China rose it is pre-
Processing is in the period of the morning 9~11, tiltedly cutting China rose stalk base portion with secateurs, retain 3 centimetres or so of stalk, put
Enter in container, impregnate China rose with clear water, height of water level is that flower opens use after 1/3,4~8 hours of China rose culm length
In subsequent color retention.
3. a kind of manufacture craft of immortal China rose according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：At the color protection
It is 0.6~1 hour to manage soaking time；The liquid substitution shield shape processing time is 8~12 hours.
4. a kind of manufacture craft of immortal China rose according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described is dry using true
China rose after empty seasoning processing shield shape, drying time are between 12~24 hours, between drying temperature is 25~30 DEG C, are taken
It is placed again after going out 12 hours；The follow-up beautification includes shaping, reinforces, adds fragrant three parts.
5. a kind of manufacture craft of immortal China rose according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The shaping plus
Admittedly it is to be trimmed and note a small amount of glue in petal base portion to make it securely using the scissors part extra to flower；The perfume (or spice) that adds is
Food flavor is added dropwise to flower inside.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108189613A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-06-22 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of immortality flower and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109380215A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-02-26 | 昆明统生物科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of primary colors immortality flower |
| CN110884284A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for making three-dimensional dried trollius chinensis flowers |
| CN110884285A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Making method of three-dimensional dried red lily flower |
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| CN112262844A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-26 | 四川长江职业学院 | Primary color permanent flower and its making method and use |
| CN112262844B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-02-08 | 四川长江职业学院 | Primary color permanent flower and its making method and use |
| CN113767897A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-10 | 浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所(浙江省萧山棉麻研究所) | Making method and matched reagent of fresh ginger and lotus flower |
| CN116691220A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-09-05 | 宿迁学院 | Method for manufacturing immortal China rose and quality evaluation method thereof |
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