CN111201998A - Construction method of sargassum muticum artificial algae field - Google Patents
Construction method of sargassum muticum artificial algae field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111201998A CN111201998A CN202010171438.1A CN202010171438A CN111201998A CN 111201998 A CN111201998 A CN 111201998A CN 202010171438 A CN202010171438 A CN 202010171438A CN 111201998 A CN111201998 A CN 111201998A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of an artificial seaweed field of sargassum muticum, belonging to the field of seaweed conservation and proliferation. According to the invention, a novel combination mode of proliferation seedlings and algal reefs is established, the algal fertilized eggs are biologically embedded to prepare artificial algal seeds, the artificial algal seeds are sown in a target area and are attached to the algal reefs through magnetic pole positioning, so that the initial construction operation process of the algal field is simplified, the maintenance cost of the artificial algal field is reduced, the ecological protection effect of the artificial algal field is continuously exerted, and the most effective supplement and recovery can be carried out on natural algal resources. By adopting the method, the construction process of the seaweed field and the algal reef seedling supplementing process can be simplified, the construction and maintenance cost of the seaweed field is reduced, and the manual construction efficiency of the seaweed field is improved; by adopting the method, algal reef replanting can be realized without fishing the reef body, the algal reef replanting process is greatly simplified, and the additional maintenance cost caused by putting in a new algal reef is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of an artificial sargassum muticum field, in particular to a technical method for artificial sowing of the sargassum muticum field for protecting and proliferating an offshore seaweed field, and belongs to the field of seaweed conservation and proliferation.
Background
Sargassum muticum is a common seaweed species in China coastal areas and is mainly distributed in the sub-tidal zone of 1-4 m. The sargassum muticum is usually gathered and grown underwater to form an algae field, and provides habitation, foraging and hatching places for small invertebrates and inshore fishes, so that the sargassum muticum has important ecological value in the offshore region. However, in recent years, with the excessive development of natural coastlines, the natural resources of sargassum muticum are seriously damaged, and artificial maintenance and recovery are urgently needed. The sargassum muticum can produce a large amount of fertilized eggs in the reproductive season, but the fertilized eggs of the sargassum muticum have no flagella and are not motile, so the fertilized eggs are easy to be affected by wave flow, and the fixed growth position of the newborn seaweed larvae germinated from the fertilized eggs has great randomness. When the algal population is damaged in the area of the algal field, it takes a long time for the algal population in the area to recover naturally.
After the artificial algal reef combines the algae and the algal reef, artificial breeding algae groups can be introduced into the sea area at the target position to supplement and maintain the damaged natural algae groups, and the artificial algal reef is a direct and effective repairing means. However, practice shows that sometimes the released artificial breeding seaweed group is influenced by protozoa or environmental factors, part of the seaweed dies and falls off, and the algal reef repairing effect is reduced. The method for supplementing lost individual algae on the algal reef comprises the following steps: (1) the algal reefs are taken back to supplement seedlings, and the method is difficult to operate, so that the reefs are heavy and are not easy to operate; on the other hand, in the process of seedling supplementing, the original adult seaweed on the algal reef is difficult to adapt to the workshop cultivation condition, and the original adult seaweed on the algal reef can be dropped. (2) And a new algal reef is put in, the repeated operation cost is increased, and the cost of the algal reef manufacturing and putting process is higher, so that the cost of artificial propagation of algae is increased, and the algae propagation efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the expected repair effect, the algal reefs which do not achieve the expected repair need to be replanted with seedlings. In order to be stable underwater, the algal reefs are generally complicated in seabed arrangement procedure and difficult to displace on the seabed, so that the cost for taking back the algal reefs to replenish seedlings is very high; if a new reef body is put in, the algal reef manufacturing and putting cost is high, and the algal field construction cost can be greatly improved. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel artificial algae field construction and maintenance method, which is characterized in that the initial combination mode of artificial breeding algae groups and algal reefs is changed, the algae fertilized eggs are biologically embedded to prepare artificial algae seeds, and the artificial algae seeds are sown in a target area and are attached to the algal reefs through magnetic pole positioning. After the artificial algae cultivation colony is mature, the algae spores can be automatically released, and a stable colony can be formed around the algal reef, so that the ecological construction and cultivation effects of the artificial algae field are stabilized and enhanced. The method simplifies the construction of the seaweed field and the process of the algal reef seedling supplementing, strengthens the ecological construction effect of the artificial seaweed field, and can more effectively supplement and recover natural seaweed resources.
The invention realizes the technical effects through the following technical scheme:
a construction method of sargassum muticum artificial algae field specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing seaweed liquid: collecting mature sargassum muticum, selecting a seaweed individual with a germ cell hanging on a germ cell, putting the seaweed individual into a seedling collecting pool, injecting sand filter seawater with the depth of 10-20cm into the seedling collecting pool, stirring the seaweed to stimulate the seaweed to diffuse the germ cell for 4-8 hours, sequentially filtering water in the seedling collecting pool by using 60-mesh and 200-mesh bolting silk, collecting sargassum muticum germ cells on the 200-mesh bolting silk, rinsing the seaweed individual with the sand filter seawater twice, diluting the seaweed individual with a certain volume of sterilized seawater until the final concentration of the fertilized egg liquid is 300-mesh and 500 grains/ml, and then dropwise adding NaNO with the final concentration of 4.0mg/ml into the fertilized egg liquid3And 0.03mg/ml of K2HPO4Standing at 10 deg.C for use;
(2) preparing artificial seaweed seeds:
① pretreating artificial seed coat by soaking the artificial seed coat with distilled water, stirring with a stirrer at 20-40r/min for 3-4 times per day, stirring for 15min each time, soaking for 8-10 days, and changing water for 2-3 times;
② preparing inoculating liquid by preparing 3% sodium alginate solution, heating to dissolve, cooling to 30 deg.C, mixing with fertilized ovum liquid at volume ratio of 4: 3, and standing at 10 deg.C;
③ seed preparation comprises placing pretreated artificial seed coat in inoculating liquid, stirring with a stirrer at 20-40r/min for 60min, taking out the artificial seed coat, and placing in 4% CaCl precooled at 10 deg.C2Soaking in the solution in dark room for 30min, taking out, and storing in dark room at 8-10 deg.C;
(3) algal reef laying and artificial seaweed seed sowing: laying algal reef reefs in a target place in advance, and ensuring that algal reef junction surfaces are exposed outwards after the algal reef reefs are laid; carrying artificial seaweed seeds to a reef throwing sea area by a boat, placing the artificial seeds in a precooled heat preservation box for keeping out of the sun, and taking out the artificial seaweed seeds at a speed of 50-70 grains/m after reaching a preset position2Sowing at a density;
(4) and (3) seedling supplementing and maintaining: if the artificial seaweed seedling proliferation effect on the algal reef main body in a certain area is not ideal, a diver can be dispatched in advance to take back the artificial seaweed seeds and clear up dirt on the surface of the algal reef adsorption area, the artificial seaweed seeds are directly supplemented on the algal reefs, or the artificial seaweed seeds are sown again at a selected time.
Preferably, the artificial seed coating is a hollow sphere with the diameter of 8mm, is made of soft magnetic antirust materials, and is structurally characterized by comprising a seed coating side wall and a seed coating cavity, wherein a plurality of through holes are distributed on the surface of the sphere of the artificial seed coating.
Preferably, the diameter of the through hole of the artificial seed coat is 2 mm; the thickness of the side wall of the seed coating is not less than 2 mm; the volume of the cavity of the seed coat can at least contain 60 round balls with the diameter of 200 mu m.
Preferably, the algal reef body is a cement disc, and a plurality of adsorption areas are arranged on the reef body; the adsorption area is made by embedding permanent magnets into the reef body, and fixing artificial seaweed seeds by magnetic pole positioning.
Preferably, the artificial seed coating needs to be soaked in advance before use, and the rotating speed is 20-40r/min for stirring during soaking so as to discharge air in the cavity of the seed coating.
Preferably, when preparing the artificial seeds, soaking the artificial seeds in the inoculation liquid, stirring at the rotating speed of 20-40r/min to enable the inoculation liquid to be injected into the seed coat cavities through the through holes, and calculating the concentration of the fertilized eggs in the inoculation liquid to calculate that each seed coat cavity contains at least 30-60 fertilized eggs of sargassum muticum; and then through the gelation with calcium chloride solution, a gel protective layer can be generated at the through hole of the artificial seed coat, and the sargassum muticum fertilized ovum is temporarily bound in the cavity of the seed coat.
Preferably, the size of the algal reef body can be enlarged or reduced along with the bottom material condition of the sea area, and the reef body shape is not limited to a disc-shaped reef body and can be used for artificial reefs in various shapes; the size of the adsorption area can be scaled according to the size of the algal reef, and the shape of the adsorption area is not limited to a square shape.
The method is also suitable for the construction and maintenance of artificial seaweed beds of other sargassaceae seaweed. If the size of the artificial seed coating and the concentration of the collection liquid of the seaweed (fertilized eggs/spores) and other series parameters are changed, the method can also be suitable for constructing the seaweed bed of other brown seaweed varieties.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) a novel combination mode of breeding seeds and algal reefs is established. In the traditional method, seaweed seedlings are fixed on algal reefs or attached to grow to a certain size and then put into a target sea area; the method comprises the steps of carrying out biological embedding on the fertilized eggs of the seaweed to prepare artificial seaweed seeds, and splashing the artificial seaweed seeds in a target area to attach the artificial seaweed seeds to a seaweed reef adsorption area through magnetic attraction; after the artificial algae cultivation colony is mature, the algae spores can be automatically released, and a stable colony can be formed around the algal reef, so that the ecological construction and cultivation effects of the artificial algae field are stabilized and enhanced.
(2) By adopting the method, the construction process of the seaweed field and the algal reef seedling supplementing process can be simplified, the construction and maintenance cost of the seaweed field is reduced, and the manual construction efficiency of the seaweed field is improved. The traditional seaweed field is constructed by technical links of algal reef seedling collection, algal reef seedling temporary culture, algal reef sea area distribution and the like, wherein the problems of uneven algal reef seedling adhering, reduced seedling density and the like can be caused by various technical links if the operation is improper, so that the artificial construction efficiency of the seaweed field is lower. After the algal field is constructed, as the biological invasion or the group breeding is influenced by special environmental factors, the density of artificially propagated algae on a part of algal reefs is possibly reduced, and the algal reefs need to be replanted or new algal reefs are put in to repair the algal field in order to maintain the quantity of algal groups in the algal field. However, both schemes need higher maintenance cost, and by adopting the method, the algal reef seedling supplementing can be realized without fishing the reef body, so that the algal reef seedling supplementing process is greatly simplified, and the extra maintenance cost caused by putting in a new algal reef is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an artificial seed garment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an artificial seed garment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an algal reef;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of an algal reef;
the reference signs are: 1 through hole, 2 seed coating side walls, 3 seed coating cavities, 4 section lines, 5 reefs and 6 adsorption areas.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A construction method of sargassum muticum artificial algae field specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing seaweed liquid: collecting mature sargassum muticum, selecting a seaweed individual with a germ cell hanging on a germ cell, putting the seaweed individual into a seedling collecting pool, injecting sand filter seawater with the depth of 10-20cm into the seedling collecting pool, stirring the seaweed to stimulate the seaweed to diffuse the germ cell for 4-8 hours, sequentially filtering water in the seedling collecting pool by using 60-mesh and 200-mesh bolting silk, collecting sargassum muticum germ cell on the 200-mesh bolting silk, rinsing the seaweed individual with the sand filter seawater twice, diluting the seaweed individual with a certain volume of sterilized seawater until the final concentration of the fertilized egg liquid is 300-mesh and 500-mesh/ml, and then dropwise adding NaNO3 with the final concentration of 4.0mg/ml and K with the final concentration of 0.03mg/ml into the fertilized egg liquid2HPO4, standing at 10 deg.C for use;
(2) preparing artificial seaweed seeds:
① pretreating artificial seed coat by soaking the artificial seed coat with distilled water, stirring with a stirrer at 20-40r/min for 3-4 times per day, stirring for 15min each time, soaking for 8-10 days, and changing water for 2-3 times;
② preparing inoculating liquid by preparing 3% sodium alginate solution, heating to dissolve, cooling to 30 deg.C, mixing with fertilized ovum liquid at volume ratio of 4: 3, and standing at 10 deg.C;
③ seed preparation, placing the pretreated artificial seed coat in inoculating liquid, stirring with a stirrer at 20-40r/min for 60min, taking out the artificial seed coat, placing in 10 deg.C precooled 4% CaCl2 solution, soaking in dark room for 30min, taking out, and storing in dark room at 8-10 deg.C;
(3) algal reef laying and artificial seaweed seed sowing: laying algal reef reefs in a target place in advance, and ensuring that algal reef junction surfaces are exposed outwards after the algal reef reefs are laid; carrying artificial seaweed seeds to a reef throwing sea area by a boat, placing the artificial seeds in a precooled heat preservation box for keeping out of the sun, and taking out the artificial seaweed seeds at a speed of 50-70 grains/m after reaching a preset position2Sowing at a density;
(4) and (3) seedling supplementing and maintaining: if the artificial seaweed seedling proliferation effect on the algal reef main body in a certain area is not ideal, a diver can be dispatched in advance to take back the artificial seaweed seeds and clear up dirt on the surface of the algal reef adsorption area, the artificial seaweed seeds are directly supplemented on the algal reefs, or the artificial seaweed seeds are sown again at a selected time.
As shown in figure 1, the artificial seed coat is a hollow sphere with the diameter of 8mm, is made of soft magnetic antirust material, and is structurally characterized by comprising a seed coat side wall (2) and a seed coat cavity (3), wherein a plurality of through holes (1) are distributed on the surface of the sphere of the artificial seed coat; the diameter of the through hole (1) of the artificial seed coat is 2 mm; the thickness of the seed coating side wall (2) is not less than 2 mm; the volume of the seed coat cavity (3) can at least contain 60 round balls with the diameter of 200 mu m.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the algal reef body (5) is a cement disc, and a plurality of adsorption areas (6) are arranged on the reef body; the adsorption area (6) is made of a permanent magnet embedded in a reef body, and the artificial seaweed seeds are fixed by magnetic poles.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: before the artificial seed coating is used, soaking pretreatment is needed, and stirring is carried out at the rotating speed of 20-40r/min during soaking so as to discharge air in the seed coating cavity (3); when preparing the artificial seeds, the artificial seed coats are soaked in the inoculation liquid, the inoculation liquid is injected into the seed coat cavities (3) through the through holes (1) by stirring at the rotating speed of 20-40r/min, and the oosperm concentration in the inoculation liquid is used for measuring and calculating the oosperm concentration of at least 30-60 sargassum muticum in each seed coat cavity (3). Then mixing with calcium chloride (CaCl)2) The solution has the gelation effect, and can generate a gel protective layer at the through hole (1) of the artificial seed coat and temporarily restrain the fertilized eggs of sargassum muticum in the cavity (3) of the seed coat; when the seaweed artificial seeds are sowed in a target sea area, the artificial seed coating is fixed in the reef body adsorption area in an oriented mode due to magnetic attraction, fertilized eggs in the seed coating cavity (3) grow and germinate at a proper temperature, meanwhile, the gel protective layer at the position of the artificial seed coating through hole (1) is gradually degraded under the continuous erosion of sea wave current, and germinated seaweed larvae can normally grow through the artificial seed coating through hole (1) from the seed coating cavity (3) under the action of light induction, so that the aim of constructing a seaweed field for oriented seaweed proliferation is fulfilled.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of sargassum muticum artificial algae field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing seaweed liquid: collecting mature sargassum muticum, selecting individual sargassum with germ cells hanging on the germ cells,placing into a seedling collecting pool, injecting sand-filtered seawater with depth of 10-20cm into the seedling collecting pool, stirring algae body to stimulate the seaweed to diffuse fertilized eggs for 4-8 hours, sequentially filtering the water in the seedling collecting pool by using 60-mesh and 200-mesh bolting silk, collecting fertilized eggs of sargassum muticum on the 200-mesh bolting silk, rinsing twice by using sand-filtered seawater, diluting by using a certain volume of sterilized seawater until the final concentration of fertilized egg liquid is 300-mesh and 500-grain/ml, and then dropwise adding NaNO with the final concentration of 4.0mg/ml into the fertilized egg liquid3And 0.03mg/ml of K2HPO4Standing at 10 deg.C for use;
(2) preparing artificial seaweed seeds:
① pretreatment of artificial seed coating, wherein the artificial seed coating is made of soft magnetic antirust material, the main body is a hollow sphere with an opening, the artificial seed coating is soaked before use, the artificial seed coating is soaked in distilled water, a stirrer with the rotating speed of 20-40r/min is adopted for stirring during soaking, the stirring is carried out 3-4 times every day, the stirring is carried out for 15min every time, the whole soaking process is carried out for 8-10 days, and the water is changed for 2-3 times in the middle;
② preparing inoculating liquid by preparing 3% sodium alginate solution, heating to dissolve, cooling to 30 deg.C, mixing with the seaweed liquid at a volume ratio of 4: 3, and standing at 10 deg.C;
③ seed preparation comprises placing pretreated artificial seed coat in inoculating liquid, stirring with a stirrer at 20-40r/min for 60min, taking out the artificial seed coat, and placing in 4% CaCl precooled at 10 deg.C2Soaking in the solution in dark room for 30min, taking out, and storing in dark room at 8-10 deg.C;
(3) algal reef laying and artificial seaweed seed sowing: laying algal reef reefs in a target place in advance, and ensuring that algal reef junction surfaces are exposed outwards after the algal reef reefs are laid; carrying artificial seaweed seeds to reach reef throwing sea area by ship, placing the artificial seeds in a precooled heat preservation box for keeping out of the sun during transportation, taking out the artificial seaweed seeds to 50-70 particles/m after reaching a preset position2Sowing at a density;
(4) and (3) seedling supplementing and maintaining: if the artificial seaweed seedling proliferation effect on the algal reef main body in a certain area is not ideal, a diver can be dispatched in advance to take back the artificial seaweed seeds and clear up dirt on the surface of the algal reef adsorption area, the artificial seaweed seeds are directly supplemented on the algal reefs, or the artificial seaweed seeds are sown again at a selected time.
2. The method for constructing an artificial seaweed field of sargassum muticum according to claim 1, wherein the artificial seed coat is a hollow sphere with a diameter of 8mm, is made of a soft magnetic antirust material, and is structurally characterized by comprising a seed coat side wall (2) and a seed coat cavity (3), and a plurality of through holes (1) are distributed on the surface of the artificial seed coat sphere.
3. The method for constructing an artificial seaweed field of sargassum muticum according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the artificial seed coating hole (1) is 2 mm; the thickness of the seed coat side wall (2) is not less than 2 mm; the volume of the seed coat cavity (3) can at least contain 60 round balls with the diameter of 200 mu m.
4. The method for constructing an artificial algal farm of sargassum muticum according to claim 1, wherein the algal reef body (5) is a cement disc, and the reef body is provided with a plurality of adsorption areas (6); the adsorption area (6) is made of permanent magnets embedded in the reef body.
5. The method for constructing an artificial seaweed farm of sargassum muticum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the artificial seed coating is subjected to a pre-soaking treatment before use, and the artificial seed coating is stirred at a rotation speed of 20-40r/min during soaking so as to exhaust air in the seed coating cavity (3).
6. The method for constructing an artificial seaweed field of sargassum muticum according to claim 1, wherein the artificial seeds are prepared by immersing the artificial seeds in a seed-inoculating liquid, and the seed-inoculating liquid is injected into the seed-seed cavities (3) through the through holes (1) by stirring at a rotating speed of 20-40r/min, so that the fertilized egg concentration in the seed-inoculating liquid is calculated to calculate that each seed-seed cavity (3) contains at least 30-60 fertilized eggs of sargassum muticum. Then mixing with calcium chloride (CaCl)2) The gelation of the solution can generate a gel protective layer at the through hole (1) of the artificial seed coat, and temporarily bind the fertilized ovum of sargassum muticum to the cavity (3) of the seed coatIn (1).
7. The method for constructing an artificial algal field of sargassum muticum according to claim 1, wherein the size of the reef can be enlarged or reduced according to the substrate condition of the sea area, and the reef shape is not limited to a disc-shaped reef and can be used for artificial reefs of various shapes; the size of the adsorption area can be scaled according to the size of the algal reef, and the shape of the adsorption area is not limited to a square shape.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is used for constructing and maintaining an artificial seaweed bed of other Sargassum (such as Sargassum horneri, Sargassum pallidum, Cyrtymenia Sparsa, etc.) or other algae having fertilized ovum diameter of not more than 200 μm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113179937A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Method for constructing artificial bracken algae field near shore |
| CN116171850A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | System and method for large-scale long-term preservation of seaweed seeds based on upward flow |
-
2020
- 2020-03-12 CN CN202010171438.1A patent/CN111201998A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113179937A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳市蓝汀鼎执生物科技有限公司 | Method for constructing artificial bracken algae field near shore |
| CN116171850A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | System and method for large-scale long-term preservation of seaweed seeds based on upward flow |
| CN116171850B (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-09-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | System and method for large-scale long-term preservation of seaweed seeds based on upward flow |
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