CN111196771B - 一种化合物及其制备方法和其在制备布瓦西坦中的用途 - Google Patents

一种化合物及其制备方法和其在制备布瓦西坦中的用途 Download PDF

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CN111196771B
CN111196771B CN201811364264.XA CN201811364264A CN111196771B CN 111196771 B CN111196771 B CN 111196771B CN 201811364264 A CN201811364264 A CN 201811364264A CN 111196771 B CN111196771 B CN 111196771B
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黄生军
徐辉
侯建
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Shanghai Jingxin Biological Medical Co ltd
Zhejiang Jingxin Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种新的布瓦西坦中间体及其制备方法,并且将该中间体应用到制备布瓦西坦中。该方法操作简单、环境友好、收率高,且光学纯度好。

Description

一种化合物及其制备方法和其在制备布瓦西坦中的用途
技术领域
本发明涉及布瓦西坦中间体化合物,及其该中间体在制备布瓦西坦中的应用。
背景技术
布瓦西坦(Brivaracetam)是比利时UCB开发的第三代抗癫痫药物。2016年2月19日已被FDA批准用于16岁及以上青少年和成人患者的部分癫痫发作的辅助治疗。
Figure BDA0001868125540000011
目前现有技术制备布瓦西坦主要有以下几种:
在CN1882535B公开了采用缩合还原氨化方法制备布瓦西坦消旋体,再通过柱色谱分离得到具有单一光学异构体的布瓦西坦,具体合成如路线一所示。该方法反应路线较长,方法耗费时间长,操作较繁琐;并且需要经过2次柱色谱纯化,总收率较低,生产成本较高。因而总体来看,不太适合工业化生产。
Figure BDA0001868125540000012
在CN106365986A公开了首先采用(R)-4-丙基-二氢呋喃-2-酮制备4-卤代丁酰氯,随后与S-2-氨基丁酰胺对接、环合制备得到布瓦西坦,具体合成如路线二所示。该条路线反应步骤较长,反应条件苛刻,使用试剂价格较高,受环境因素影响较大,不稳定,不利于储存与运输,并且制备4-卤代丁酰氯往往需用到高危险、高毒、高污染的氯代试剂(光气或氯化亚砜),同时制备过程中产生大量酸性气体且过程中用到较多的氯代反应,对环境不友好,且反应收率偏低,仍然不利于工业化生产。
Figure BDA0001868125540000021
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发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题在于布瓦西坦合成反应收率低,合成过程长反应条件繁琐的影响、环境不友好现象。提供了一种布瓦西坦中间体及其在制备布瓦西坦过程中的应用。本发明的制备方法无需通过开环后再卤代酰化方法,通过开环后醇直接环合的方法,简便了反应步骤。
本发明提供一种化合物,其结构如式I所示。
Figure BDA0001868125540000022
本发明提供了一种式I化合物的制造及其在制备布瓦西坦中的应用,具体的反应式如下:
Figure BDA0001868125540000023
制备布瓦西坦的具体反应步骤如下:
1)将式II化合物R-4-丙基二氢呋喃-2-酮与式III化合物S-2-氨基丁酰胺进行开环反应得到中间体化合物式I;
2)中间体式I化合物缩合环合生产布瓦西坦。
进一步,步骤1)中开环反应在酸性条件下进行,所述的酸为路易斯酸,优选为钛酸四异丙酯、无水三氯化铝、无水氯化锌、三氟化硼乙醚,路易斯酸与II的摩尔比为1.10~1.50。
步骤1)开环反应中在有机溶剂下进行,所述的有机溶剂为无水四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、丙酮、二甲基亚砜、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
步骤1)开环反应,反应温度为10~35℃,反应时间为5~8小时,式III与式II的摩尔比为1.10~1.50。
更进一步,本发明步骤2)中缩合反应在酸催化下脱水反应,所述的酸为浓硫酸、磷酸、冰乙酸。
步骤2)关环反应中在有机溶剂下进行,所述的有机溶剂为甲苯、醋酸异丙酯。
步骤2)关环反应,反应温度为80~100℃,反应时间为12~15小时,酸与化合物I重量比为20%~50%。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:提供一种布瓦西坦新中间体,并且使用该中间体制备布瓦西坦,工艺操作简单、环境友好,收率较高,更进一步在各步反应优选使用路易斯酸开环,可避免手性中间体消旋,提高产品手性纯度。
附图说明
图1为化合物I氢谱图。
图2为化合物I碳谱图。
图3其中图3-1布瓦西坦异构体检测HPLC图谱-路易斯酸开环,图3-2布瓦西坦异构体检测HPLC图谱-氢氧化钠开环。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
溶剂:本发明实施例中使用的有机溶剂均为工业级,直接使用。溶剂均购自上海素元化工有限公司。
测定布瓦西坦中异构体HPLC色谱条件
色谱柱:CHIRALPAK AD-H 4.6×250mm 5um
柱温:40℃
流速:1.0ml/min
检测波长:205nm
流动相:正己烷:异丙醇=70:30v/v,等度洗脱,运行时间:35min
进样量:10μL
供试品尝试:5mg/ml。
实施例1
制备化合物I
Figure BDA0001868125540000041
室温下,反应瓶中加入化合物II(5.0g,39.01mmol),化合物III(4.38g,42.91mmol),50ml干燥四氢呋喃,磁力搅拌下加入钛酸四异丙酯(13.30g,46.81mmol),室温下搅拌反应5小时,TLC检测反应完全。反应液中加入100ml乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,用2mol/L盐酸水溶液50ml洗涤,分液,水层用乙酸乙酯(50ml*2)萃取。合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(50ml*1),分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液至干得淡黄色粘状物,加入50ml异丙醚0~10℃保温打浆2小时,过滤,40~50℃鼓风干燥4小时得7.50g白色固体化合物I,收率83.48%。
实施例2~10
反应瓶中加入化合物II、III、反应溶剂,搅拌下加入路易斯酸,室温下搅拌反应,TLC监控。反应完成后,反应液中加入乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,用2mol/L盐酸水溶液洗涤,分液,水层用乙酸乙酯萃取。合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液至干,加入50ml异丙醚0~10℃保温打浆2小时,过滤,40~50℃鼓风干燥得化合物I。
Figure BDA0001868125540000051
化合物I的核磁数据如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.76(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.28(s,1H),6.95(s,1H),4.42(t,J=5.3Hz,1H),4.16-4.10(m,1H),3.30(dd,J=11.8,6.3Hz,2H),2.18(dd,J=14.1,7.0Hz,1H),2.03(dd,J=14.1,6.6Hz,1H),1.85-1.79(m,1H),1.71-1.59(m,1H),1.57-1.44(m,1H),1.30-1.22(m,3H),1.20-1.09(m,1H),0.87-0.80(m,6H).
13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.16(s),172.32(s),63.90(s),53.98(s),38.23(s),38.01(s),33.39(s),25.70(s),19.92(s),14.79(s),10.75(s).
实施例11
制备化合物布瓦西坦
Figure BDA0001868125540000061
将实施例1制备所得化合物I(7.0g,30.39mmol)投入反应瓶中,加入50ml甲苯,3.5g浓硫酸,升温至95~100℃反应15小时,TLC检测反应完全。将反应液冷却至室温,反应液中加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调pH至6~7,分液,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(20ml*1),分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液至干得淡黄色油状物,加入50ml异丙醚进行带蒸得淡黄色粘状固体。加入40ml异丙醚,升温回流溶解,过滤,滤液缓慢降温析晶,析出固体后,室温搅拌2~3小时,0~5℃保温搅拌2~3小时,过滤,滤饼用20ml异丙醚淋洗,滤饼35~40℃减压干燥4小时,得到5.0g白色固体,即为布瓦西坦,收率77.49%,手性纯度99.53%,(R,R)-异构体0.22%。见图3-1。
实施例12~18
将上述实施例2~8制备所得化合物I投入反应瓶中,加入反应溶剂,搅拌下加入酸,升温反应,TLC监控。反应完成后,将反应液冷却至室温,反应液中加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调pH至6~7,分液,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液至干得淡黄色油状物,加入50ml异丙醚进行带蒸得淡黄色粘状固体。加入40ml异丙醚,升温回流溶解,过滤,滤液缓慢降温析晶,析出固体后,室温搅拌2~3小时,0~5℃保温搅拌2~3小时,过滤,滤饼用20ml异丙醚淋洗,滤饼35~40℃减压干燥得白色固体,即为布瓦西坦。
Figure BDA0001868125540000071
布瓦西坦的核磁数据如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.28(s,1H),5.45(s,1H),4.46(dd,J=8.8,6.9Hz,1H),3.51(dd,J=9.8,7.9Hz,1H),3.03(dd,J=9.8,7.0Hz,1H),2.60(dd,J=16.8,8.6Hz,1H),2.34(dd,J=15.5,7.7Hz,1H),2.10(dd,J=16.8,8.0Hz,1H),2.00-1.91(m,1H),1.75-1.69(m,1H),1.47-1.29(m,4H),0.95-0.91(m,6H).
13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ175.72(s),171.95(s),55.99(s),49.56(s),37.88(s),36.61(s),31.88(s),20.81(s),20.54(s),14.00(s),10.44(s)。
实施例19
反应瓶中加入(S)-2-氨基丁酰胺盐酸盐(化合物III的盐酸盐)(2.70g,19.51mmol),氢氧化钠(0.78g,19.51mmol),50ml无水乙醇,升温回流搅拌反应1小时,加入化合物II(5.0g,39.01mmol),保温反应9小时,TLC检测反应完全。冷却反应液至室温,过滤除去无机盐,滤液浓缩至干,加入40ml异丙醚0~10℃保温打浆2小时,过滤,40~50℃鼓风干燥4小时得3.8g白色固体化合物,收率84.59%。
将上述制备所得化合物(3.6g,15.63mmol)投入反应瓶中,加入50ml甲苯,1.8g浓硫酸,升温至95~100℃反应15小时,TLC检测反应完全。将反应液冷却至室温,反应液中加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调pH至6~7,分液,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(20ml*1),分液,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩滤液至干得淡黄色油状物,加入50ml异丙醚进行带蒸得淡黄色粘状固体。加入20ml异丙醚,升温回流溶解,过滤,滤液缓慢降温析晶,析出固体后,室温搅拌2~3小时,0~5℃保温搅拌2~3小时,过滤,滤饼用20ml异丙醚淋洗,滤饼35~40℃减压干燥4小时,得到2.4g白色固体,即为布瓦西坦,收率72.93%,手性纯度96.59%,(R,R)-异构体3.30%。见图3-2。

Claims (4)

1.一种布瓦西坦的制备方法,所述的方法反应步骤如下:
1)将式II化合物R-4-丙基二氢呋喃-2-酮与式III化合物S-2-氨基丁酰胺进行开环反应得到中间体化合物式I;
2)中间体式I化合物缩合环合生产布瓦西坦;
其中,步骤1)中的开环反应在酸性条件下进行,所述的酸为钛酸四异丙酯;
步骤2)中的缩合反应在酸性条件下进行,所述的酸为浓硫酸或磷酸;
步骤2)缩合反应中在有机溶剂下进行,所述的有机溶剂为甲苯,反应温度为90~100℃,反应时间为12~15小时;
Figure FDA0003982180900000011
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,钛酸四异丙酯与式II的摩尔比为1.10~1.50:1。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤1)开环反应温度为10~35℃,反应时间为5~8小时,式III与式II的摩尔比为1.10~1.50:1。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)缩合反应中酸与化合物I重量比为20%~50%。
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