CN111187094A - 一种含锂的发泡陶瓷和使用该发泡陶瓷的复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种含锂的发泡陶瓷和使用该发泡陶瓷的复合板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111187094A
CN111187094A CN202010030825.3A CN202010030825A CN111187094A CN 111187094 A CN111187094 A CN 111187094A CN 202010030825 A CN202010030825 A CN 202010030825A CN 111187094 A CN111187094 A CN 111187094A
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ceramic
foamed ceramic
lithium
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范士猛
王凯
郑树清
管鹏飞
王坤
葛宾
杜东岳
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Shandong Shengshida Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种含锂的发泡陶瓷和使用该发泡陶瓷的复合板及其制备方法,所述发泡陶瓷的合成原料包括如下物质:锂渣,铝源,镁源,发泡剂,所述锂渣内以氧化锂计的锂的质量分数不低于0.3%,所述发泡陶瓷中含有原位生成的堇青石。本申请的锂渣中的SiO2高温形成的玻璃熔体将气体包裹形成气孔,并利用锂渣中残留的Li2O即可作为助熔剂,可有效降低发泡陶瓷的发泡温度,具有良好的节能效果;此外残留的Li2O又可作为晶体促进剂,高温时促进镁铝尖晶石向堇青石转变,从而在低温状态下原位合成堇青石晶体,提供发泡陶瓷的热稳定性和尺寸稳定性。

Description

一种含锂的发泡陶瓷和使用该发泡陶瓷的复合板及其制备 方法
技术领域
本申请涉及一种含锂的发泡陶瓷和使用该发泡陶瓷的复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国是世界上锂辉石精矿储量最大的国家,而新疆和四川是锂盐最主要的生产基地。主要采用浓硫酸-碳酸钙法来提炼碳酸锂,而锂渣是硫酸法制备碳酸锂工艺的副产品。锂辉石经过1200℃高温煅烧后,加入浓硫酸焙烧,经充分反应,酸化后的酸化料,加入清水洗水,并用单飞粉(CaCO3)中和残酸,得到料浆。料浆搅拌浸出的得到浸出液进行下一步处理,剩下的便是浸出锂渣。锂辉石精矿经过提取钾、锂、铷、铯等金属后,仍有90%以上的固体废渣,产量极大,现阶段并不好处理。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本申请一方面提供了一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,所述发泡陶瓷的合成原料包括如下物质:锂渣,铝源,镁源,发泡剂,所述锂渣内以氧化锂计的锂的质量分数不低于0.3%,所述发泡陶瓷中含有原位生成的堇青石。本申请的锂渣中的SiO2高温形成的玻璃熔体将气体包裹形成气孔,并利用锂渣中残留的Li2O即可作为助熔剂,可有效降低发泡陶瓷的发泡温度,具有良好的节能效果;此外残留的Li2O又可作为晶体促进剂,高温时促进镁铝尖晶石向堇青石转变,从而在低温状态下原位合成堇青石晶体,提供发泡陶瓷的热稳定性和尺寸稳定性。
优选的,所述发泡陶瓷的合成过程中有镁铝尖晶石产生。
优选的,所述铝源为高岭土;所述发泡剂为黑碳化硅和/或绿碳化硅;所述镁源为氧化镁或者滑石;所述锂渣内的氧化硅的质量分数不低于50%。
优选的,所述发泡陶瓷的合成原料包括如下质量份数的物质:锂渣:50-70份;镁源:10-30份;铝源:10-30份;发泡剂:0.2-1份。
优选的,还包括花岗岩锯泥,所述花岗岩锯泥的质量份数为10-30份。
另一方面,本申请还公开了一种陶瓷板,其特征在于:包括底层与面层,所述底层为发泡陶瓷,所述面层包括如下质量份数的原料:珍珠岩:60-85份,高岭土:1-20份,钾长石:1-20份,碳化硅:0.1-0.5份,色料:0-5份。面层的目的首先是可以起到装饰的作用,其次是可以与发泡陶瓷在焙烧过程中合为一体,在此过程中,珍珠岩起到何为一体的作用,从而提高整体的强度,且本申请的面层也具有较好的增加陶瓷板抗折强度的作用。
再一方面,一种陶瓷板的生产方法,其特征在于:包括将发泡陶瓷、增韧层的原料分别进行粉化处理的过程,然后将粉化处理之后的发泡陶瓷作为底层、增韧层作为面层进行干压形成胚体,然后将胚体焙烧得到陶瓷板。
优选的,所述底层的原始厚度为5-7mm;所述面层的原始厚度为1-3mm。
优选的,所述发泡陶瓷、增韧层的原料通过湿法球磨进行粉化。
优选的,包括如下步骤:
S1秤料:按照质量份数分别称量发泡陶瓷的原料和面层的原料;
S2发泡陶瓷原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度2.0±0.2%,流速39±15”,比重1.50±0.05,水分38±2%;泥浆合格后依次过20目,80目,100目三道筛,并陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S3面层原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度0.5±0.2%、流速40±15”、比重1.60±0.05、水分36±2%;泥浆合格后需过20目、80目、100目三道筛,并陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S4喷雾干燥:发泡陶瓷原料泥浆和增韧陶瓷原料泥浆经喷雾干燥制备成含水率在10±0.5%范围内,粒度在20目-80目间的粉料;合格粉料储存于密闭料仓内陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S5干压成型:发泡陶瓷粉料和增韧陶瓷粉料分别储存,分别作为底料和面料,经皮带输送机,斗式提升机输送至压机,并采用二次布料一次干压成型的方法干压成坏体;
S6干燥:坯体在干燥辊道窑内干燥,干燥周期80-240min,最高干燥温度220℃,干燥后的坯体含水率低于0.5%;
S7烧成:烧成为无垫板裸体发泡烧成;
S8冷加工:冷却工包括切割、磨边、倒角、开槽等,冷加工后的产品经分色、分级、包转入库。
本申请能够带来如下有益效果:本申请的锂渣中的SiO2高温形成的玻璃熔体将气体包裹形成气孔,并利用锂渣中残留的Li2O即可作为助熔剂,可有效降低发泡陶瓷的发泡温度,具有良好的节能效果;此外残留的Li2O又可作为晶体促进剂,高温时促进镁铝尖晶石向堇青石转变,从而在低温状态下原位合成堇青石晶体,提供发泡陶瓷的热稳定性和尺寸稳定性;本申请面层的目的首先是可以起到装饰的作用,其次是可以与发泡陶瓷在焙烧过程中合为一体,在此过程中,珍珠岩起到何为一体的作用,从而提高整体的强度,且本申请的面层也具有较好的增加陶瓷板抗折强度的作用。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请,并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中:
图1为产品1的XRD图。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过具体实施方式,并结合其附图,对本申请进行详细阐述。
如图中所示,为了更清楚的阐释本申请的整体构思,下面结合说明书附图以示例的方式进行详细说明。
另外,在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接,还可以是通信;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触,或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、原料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、原料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
本申请通过如下的合成以及表征方面的实施例来说明该申请的具体实施方式,具体合成步骤如下:
S1秤料:按照质量份数分别称量发泡陶瓷的原料和面层的原料;
底层的组份如表1所示:
表1:
Figure BDA0002364226430000051
面层的组份如表2所示:
表2:
编号 珍珠岩(100g) 高岭土(100g) 钾长石(100g) 碳化硅(100g)
1 60 1 1 0.1
2 70 10 10 0.3
3 85 20 20 0.5
具体的配合方式如表3所示:
表3:
编号 底层材料编号 面层材料编号 底层厚度(mm) 面层厚度(mm)
1 1 1 7 1
2 2 2 6 2
3 3 3 5 3
4 4 3 5 3
5 5 3 5 3
S2发泡陶瓷原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度2.0±0.2%,流速39±15”,比重1.50±0.05,水分38±2%;泥浆合格后依次过20目,80目,100目三道筛,并陈腐均化48小时;
S3增韧陶瓷原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度0.5±0.2%、流速40±15”、比重1.60±0.05、水分36±2%;泥浆合格后需过20目、80目、100目三道筛,并陈腐均化48小时;
S4喷雾干燥:发泡陶瓷原料泥浆和增韧陶瓷原料泥浆经喷雾干燥制备成含水率在10±0.5%范围内,粒度在20目-80目间的粉料;合格粉料储存于密闭料仓内陈腐均化48小时;
S5干压成型:发泡陶瓷粉料和增韧陶瓷粉料分别储存,分别作为底料和面料,经皮带输送机,斗式提升机输送至压机,并采用二次布料一次干压成型的方法干压成坏体;
S6干燥:坯体在干燥辊道窑内干燥,干燥周期200min,最高干燥温度220℃,干燥后的坯体含水率低于0.5%;
S7烧成:烧成为无垫板裸体发泡烧成;分成两段进行烧制,第一段在900-1000℃烧制2h,然后在1000-1100℃继续烧制2h;
S8冷加工:冷却工包括切割、磨边、倒角、开槽等,冷加工后的产品经分色、分级、包转入库;
S9对得到的产品进行参数检测,得到表4。
表4:
编号 容重(kg/m3) 抗折强度(MPa) 热导系数(W/(m*K)) 抗压强度(MPa)
1 288 3.2 0.066 4.7
2 370 2.5 0.081 4.3
3 350 2.8 0.074 4.9
4 410 1.7 0.132 2.1
5 390 1.3 0.113 2.3
由此可见,在氧化锂含量低时,由于发泡陶瓷的骨架结构不稳定,并不能得到很好的产品参数,抗折强度较小;在不加入直接的镁源时,得到的抗压强度以及抗折强度都不高,推测是由于只能生成玻璃体,而不能得到晶体所致,此外,本申请在1100℃以下即可得到强度较高的复合板,说明本申请中的氧化锂可以起到低温促进原位转化的作用。
以上仅为本申请的实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,其特征在于:所述发泡陶瓷的合成原料包括如下物质:锂渣,铝源,镁源,发泡剂,所述锂渣内以氧化锂计的锂的质量分数不低于0.3%,所述发泡陶瓷中含有原位生成的堇青石。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,其特征在于:所述发泡陶瓷的合成过程中有镁铝尖晶石产生。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,其特征在于:所述铝源为高岭土;所述发泡剂为黑碳化硅和/或绿碳化硅;所述镁源为氧化镁或者滑石;所述锂渣内的氧化硅的质量分数不低于50%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,其特征在于:所述发泡陶瓷的合成原料包括如下质量份数的物质:锂渣:50-70份;镁源:10-30份;铝源:10-30份;发泡剂:0.2-1份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含锂的发泡陶瓷,其特征在于:还包括花岗岩锯泥,所述花岗岩锯泥的质量份数为10-30份。
6.一种用权利要求1-5任一所述发泡陶瓷的陶瓷板,其特征在于:包括底层与面层,所述底层为发泡陶瓷,所述面层包括如下质量份数的原料:珍珠岩:60-85份,高岭土:1-20份,钾长石:1-20份,碳化硅:0.1-0.5份,色料:0-5份。
7.一种如权利要求6所述的陶瓷板的生产方法,其特征在于:包括将发泡陶瓷、增韧层的原料分别进行粉化处理的过程,然后将粉化处理之后的发泡陶瓷作为底层、增韧层作为面层进行干压形成胚体,然后将胚体焙烧得到陶瓷板。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种陶瓷板的生产方法,其特征在于:所述底层的原始厚度为5-7mm;所述面层的原始厚度为1-3mm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种陶瓷板的生产方法,其特征在于:所述发泡陶瓷、增韧层的原料通过湿法球磨进行粉化。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种陶瓷板的生产方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1秤料:按照质量份数分别称量发泡陶瓷的原料和面层的原料;
S2发泡陶瓷原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度2.0±0.2%,流速39±15”,比重1.50±0.05,水分38±2%;泥浆合格后依次过20目,80目,100目三道筛,并陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S3面层原料球磨:采用湿法球磨加工,泥浆控制工艺指标为:细度0.5±0.2%、流速40±15”、比重1.60±0.05、水分36±2%;泥浆合格后需过20目、80目、100目三道筛,并陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S4喷雾干燥:发泡陶瓷原料泥浆和增韧陶瓷原料泥浆经喷雾干燥制备成含水率在10±0.5%范围内,粒度在20目-80目间的粉料;合格粉料储存于密闭料仓内陈腐均化不小于48小时;
S5干压成型:发泡陶瓷粉料和增韧陶瓷粉料分别储存,分别作为底料和面料,经皮带输送机,斗式提升机输送至压机,并采用二次布料一次干压成型的方法干压成坏体;
S6干燥:坯体在干燥辊道窑内干燥,干燥周期80-240min,最高干燥温度220℃,干燥后的坯体含水率低于0.5%;
S7烧成:烧成为无垫板裸体发泡烧成;
S8冷加工:冷却工包括切割、磨边、倒角、开槽等,冷加工后的产品经分色、分级、包转入库。
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