CN111183804A - Flotation type fruit seedling separating device for peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flotation type fruit and seedling separating device for a peanut harvester, and belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesters. The device comprises more than two flotation mechanisms, and the connection mode of the more than two flotation mechanisms forming the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is as follows: the left side wall of the front separating screen groove body, the right side wall of the separating screen groove body and the rear end part of the bottom wall of the separating screen groove body are respectively connected with the left side wall of the rear separating screen groove body, the right side wall of the separating screen groove body and the front end part of the bottom wall of the separating screen groove body, and the separating screen groove bodies connected together form a fruit and seedling separating channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separating device; the movable teeth of the seedling separating rollers of two adjacent seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the seedling separating roller rotating shafts of the two adjacent seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that each seedling separating roller seals the upper part of the seedling separating channel, and the seedling separating channels are relatively sealed. It has the characteristics of high fruit and seedling separation efficiency, low shell breakage rate, high working efficiency and the like.

Description

Flotation type fruit seedling separating device for peanut harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of peanut harvesters.

Background

No such device has been found so far by search. The planting range of peanuts in China is wide, and the peanut harvester plays an important role in the peanut harvesting process. Peanut harvesters generally adopt a beating type peanut picking mode to pick peanuts, peanut seedlings are driven to rotate at a high speed by a rotating device, the peanut seedlings are beaten on a net-shaped support in the rotating process, so that the peanuts are separated from the peanut seedlings under the action of gravity, the dropped peanuts and crushed seedling leaves fall into a fruit collecting bin at the bottom, and the peanut seedlings are thrown out from a peanut seedling outlet along with the rotation of the rotating device. The fruit picking mode has certain force requirement on beating peanut seedlings on the net-shaped support, needs a certain brute force, therefore, the rotating speed and the power of the rotating device have certain requirements, and when the peanut seedlings are beaten, some peanuts inevitably beat on the net-shaped support directly, so that the shells are easy to break, the peanut kernels lose the protection of the shells, the peanut seedlings are easy to mildew and deteriorate at the later stage, thereby influencing the peanut harvesting quality, meanwhile, because the humidity of the peanut seedlings is different, the force required for picking the peanuts is different, the requirements on the rotating speed of the rotating device are different, the over-high rotating speed easily causes the fruit shells to be broken, the over-low rotating force can influence the fruit picking rate, therefore, the peanut harvester adopting the beating type separation mode has the defects of high shell breakage rate, large influence of peanut seedling stem humidity on fruit picking rate and unstable fruit picking performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a flotation type fruit and seedling separating device for a peanut harvester, which has the characteristics of high fruit and seedling separating efficiency, low shell crushing rate, high working efficiency and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a flotation type fruit and seedling separation device for a peanut harvester comprises more than two flotation mechanisms, each flotation mechanism comprises a rack, a fruit and seedling separation roller and a groove type peanut separation sieve, each fruit and seedling separation roller comprises a fruit and seedling separation roller drum, the utility model discloses a peanut seedling separation roller, including fruit seedling separation roller cylinder, the left end and the right-hand member that pass through fruit seedling separation roller cylinder pivot support respectively on the left side and the right side of frame, fruit seedling separation roller is equipped with fruit seedling separation roller transmission adapting unit, slot type peanut separation sieve is located the bottom of fruit seedling separation roller, slot type peanut separation sieve includes the separation sieve cell body, the diapire of separation sieve cell body is the screen cloth that is used for screening the peanut, the left side wall of slot type peanut separation sieve cell body and the right side wall of slot type peanut separation sieve cell body are fixed respectively on the left side and the right side of frame, the flotation mechanism connected mode more than two that constitute flotation formula fruit seedling separator does: the left side wall of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall of the separation screen groove body and the rear end part of the bottom wall of the separation screen groove body in front are respectively connected with the left side wall of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall of the separation screen groove body and the front end part of the bottom wall of the separation screen groove body in back, the separation screen groove bodies connected together form a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, and the left side wall of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall of the separation screen groove body and the bottom wall of the separation screen groove body connected together respectively form the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of; the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separating rollers of two adjacent fruit-seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the rotating shaft axes of the rotating shafts of the fruit-seedling separating rollers of the two adjacent fruit-seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that the upper parts of the fruit-seedling separating channels are sealed by the fruit-seedling separating rollers, the fruit-seedling separating channels are relatively sealed, the power output shaft of an engine of a peanut harvester drives the fruit-seedling separating rollers to drive the connecting parts to rotate through the transmission device, the fruit-seedling separating rollers rotate in the same direction, the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separating rollers in the fruit-seedling separating channels pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the rear, the peanuts and the peanut seedlings in the separating state are conveyed to the rear end in a tumbling rotating state, and the peanuts fall off from the screen.

The invention further improves that:

the uniform distribution mode of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller drum is as follows: the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum to form circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum to form radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is formed by arranging fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth in each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum, each fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth.

The bottom wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen mesh, the bottom wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve is coaxial with the corresponding fruit seedling separating roller, and the bottom wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve is fixed on the rack through a spring.

The flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms together, and a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is horizontally arranged.

The fruit-seedling separating rolling teeth are elastic teeth, the elastic teeth are formed by extending the end parts of the spiral springs to the axial vertical plane direction of the spiral springs, the axial lead of the spiral springs is parallel to the axial lead of the roller of each fruit-seedling separating roller, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the fixed roller, and the fruit-seedling separating rolling teeth incline to the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller.

The fruit seedling separating roller cylinders are hollow-out structure cylinders; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually decreased from front to back.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:

flotation type fruit and seedling separation device:

the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device consists of more than two flotation mechanisms, when the separated peanut seedlings and peanuts enter a fruit and seedling separation channel formed by the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, because the upper part, the left side and the right side of the fruit-seedling separation channel are relatively closed, each fruit-seedling separation roller is driven by the transmission device to run in the same direction, the fruit-seedling separation roller moving teeth rotate in the same direction from front to back in the fruit-seedling separation channel, so that the peanut seedlings are pulled to the back from the front by the fruit-seedling separation roller moving teeth, thereby stirring the peanuts in the separation state and the peanut seedlings in a tumbling rotation state and conveying the peanuts to the rear end, the peanuts fall off from the screen on the bottom wall of the peanut seedling separation channel, the screened peanuts fall into the peanut collecting device positioned below the peanut seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the peanut seedling separation channel, so that the peanut seedling separation is completed in the conveying process. Because the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are arranged in a radial direction, peanut seedlings are only fixed in the circumferential direction relative to the movable teeth of the ring-shaped fruit-seedling separation rollers, and the length direction of the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers is not fixed, when the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers rotate from bottom to top to bring the peanut seedlings to the upper part of the fruit-seedling separation channel, because the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers of two adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of the two adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are crossed, so that each fruit-seedling separation roller seals the upper part of the fruit-seedling separation channel, the peanut seedlings brought to the upper part by the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are stirred down by the movable teeth of the adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers rotating from top to bottom, and then the peanut seedlings are conveyed backwards by the movable teeth of each fruit-seedling separation roller in the fruit-seedling separation channel, and in, and is screened again by a screen of a flotation mechanism at the rear part, thereby ensuring the screening rate of the peanuts.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the flotation mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a left side view of the peanut harvester;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a left side view of the fruit picking mechanism of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a left side view of the grate picker assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is an isometric view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a left side view of the peanut kernel seedling picking and separating device of FIG. 5;

FIG. 14 is an isometric view of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of FIG. 13;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the air-separation type peanut collecting device in fig. 5;

FIG. 17 is a left side elevational view of the air-swept peanut collecting device with the left side wall of the air-swept channel and the right side wall of the air-swept channel removed;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of the vibratory screening mechanism of FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the bi-directional balanced vibratory mechanism of FIG. 18;

fig. 20 is a schematic view showing a structure of the blowing device of fig. 16;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of the peanut receiving guide slot of FIG. 18;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the peanut stem picking mechanism of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the stem picking plate of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the stem picking saw of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a left side view of the rear vibratory conveying screen of FIG. 18;

FIG. 26 is an isometric view of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a left side view of the peanut wind delivery bin assembly of FIG. 5

FIG. 28 is an isometric view of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a front view of the peanut vine shredding and collecting device of FIG. 5;

FIG. 30 is a left side view of FIG. 29;

FIG. 31 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the excavation conveyor of FIG. 5;

FIG. 32 is a left side view of the vibrating soil shaking structure of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is an isometric view of FIG. 32;

fig. 34 is an assembly view of fig. 32.

In the drawings: 1. excavating a conveyor; 1-1, digging a coulter of the conveyor; 1-2, vibrating the rotating shaft by the coulter; 1-3, excavating a conveyor frame; 1-4, a coulter connecting rod; 1-5. eccentric sleeve; 1-6. bearings; 1-7, bearing seat; 1-8, arranging a guard plate on the coulter; 1-8-1. connecting plate of upper guard plate bracket; 1-9, mounting a supporting sheet on the coulter; 1-10, a colter lower supporting sheet; 1-11, a pallet support; 1-11-1. a first bar-shaped connecting block; 1-11-2. a second strip-shaped connecting block; 1-12, pressing the roller; 1-13, adjusting the height of the nut; 1-14. a height adjusting screw; 1-15, excavating a depth transmission gear; 2. conveying chain harrow; 3. a frame; 4. a fruit picking roller; 5. picking the fruit roller to move the teeth; 6. a roller rotating shaft of the fruit picking roller; 7. fixing teeth; 8. the left side wall of the fruit picking groove body; 9. the right side wall of the fruit picking groove body; 10. the bottom wall of the fruit picking groove body; 11. a rotating shaft of a roller of the fruit-seedling separation roller; 12. the bottom wall of the separating screen trough body; 13. the left side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve body; 14. the right side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve body; 15. the fruit seedling separation roller drives the tooth; 16. the left side wall of the air separation channel; 17. the right side wall of the air separation channel; 18. a blowing device; 18-1. a fan blade rotating shaft of the blower; 18-2. a housing of a blower; 19. collecting the peanut; 20. the front end vibrates and conveys the comb screen; 20-1, vibrating the conveying platen; 20-2, combing; 21. the peanut receiving guide groove; 21-1, left side guide groove wall; 21-2, right side guide groove wall; 21-3, bottom wall of guide groove; 22. the rear end vibrates and conveys the perforated screen; 22-1. a wind pressure feedback groove; 22-1-1. a front strip plate of the rear end vibration conveying leakage screen; 22-1-2, vibrating and conveying a rear ribbon board of the perforated screen at the rear end; 22-2. sieve wall; 23. a vibration mechanism shaft; 24. a vibrating screen connecting rod; 25. a rocker arm; 26. a rocker arm shaft; 27. a shank saw drive component; 28. a height adjustable structure; 29. fixing a tooth angle adjusting shaft; 30. an angle adjustment handle; 31. an angle adjustment hole; 32. a bolt; 33. a spring; 34. a left side grate screen connecting rod; 35. a left side hanger link; 36. hoisting the beam; 37. a peanut broken seedling conveying fan; 38. a peanut seedling conveying air duct; 39. a peanut broken seedling storage bin; 40. a crushing chamber housing; 41. a seedling crushing reamer rotating shaft; 42. smashing a seedling reamer; 43. crushing the seedlings and fixing a cutter; 44. a peanut collecting tank funnel; 45. a blower; 46. an air volume adjusting flashboard; 47. an air inlet cylinder; 48. a fruit feeding air cylinder; 49. a peanut bin; 50. a piston-type actuator; 51. a fruit conveying guide cylinder; 52. a fruit seedling separation roller; 53. the fruit picking roller transmission connecting component; 54. the fruit-seedling separating roller drives the connecting part; 55. picking a fruit stem saw; 56. the stem-removing saw is fixed on the shaft.

The driving device in the application uses the power output of the peanut harvester as a power source, and a device for power transmission through a transmission structure comprises a gear transmission structure, a chain wheel transmission structure and a speed change device.

The orientation description in the application is based on the orientation of the peanut harvester, and the transverse direction refers to the left and right directions of the peanut harvester.

The transmission part in this application refers to the parts that can carry out transmission connection such as drive gear, drive pulley.

The left side wall of wind separation passageway, selection by winnowing passageway right side wall, the left side wall of plucking the fruit groove cell body, the right side wall of plucking the fruit groove cell body and frame are fixed as an organic whole structure, can equate the frame.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

For convenience of explanation, a peanut harvester using the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device will be described in detail as an example.

As can be seen from the embodiment shown in fig. 1-34, the present embodiment includes a pickup or excavating conveyor 1, a conveying rake 2, a seedling separator and a peanut collecting device, the seedling separator includes a peanut seedling picking and separating device and a transmission device, the peanut seedling picking and separating device includes a comb-type picking device and a flotation type seedling separating device, the comb-type picking device includes more than two picking mechanisms, the picking mechanisms include a frame 3, a picking roller and a picking trough, the picking roller includes a picking roller drum 4, picking roller moving teeth 5 are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the picking roller drum 4, the picking roller drum 4 is provided with picking roller transmission connecting parts 53 supported on the left and right picking rollers of the frame 3 through the left and right ends of a picking roller drum rotating shaft 6, the picking trough includes a trough body and a fixed tooth 7, the trough body is located at the bottom of the picking roller, the left side wall 8 of the fruit picking groove body and the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking groove body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack 3, at least one row of fixed teeth 7 are arranged on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body, the fixed teeth 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 of the fruit picking roller from the left side wall 8 of the fruit picking groove body to the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking groove body, and gaps between the movable teeth 5 of the fruit picking roller and the fixed teeth 7 of the fruit picking roller correspond; the combination mode of more than two fruit picking mechanisms forming the comb type fruit picking device is as follows: the rear ends of the left side wall 8, the right side wall 9 and the bottom wall 10 of the front picking groove body are respectively connected with the front ends of the left side wall 8, the right side wall 9 and the bottom wall 10 of the rear picking groove body, the connected picking groove bodies form a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type picking device, the left side wall 8, the right side wall 9 and the bottom wall 10 of the picking groove bodies respectively form a left side wall, a right side wall and a bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the picking roller moving teeth 5 of two adjacent picking rollers are mutually embedded into a gap when the connecting line positions of the axes of the picking roller rotating shafts 6 of the two picking rollers are intersected, so that the picking rollers can pick peanut seedlings and fruits above the channel in a closed manner, therefore, the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is relatively closed, the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each picking roller to drive the connecting part 53 to rotate through the transmission device, so that each picking roller rotates in the same direction, the peanut seedlings are pulled backwards from the front by the picking roller moving teeth 5 positioned in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, and each picking roller moving tooth 5 passes through a gap between the fixed teeth 7, so that the peanut seedlings are pulled in opposite directions to pull the peanuts from the peanut seedlings; the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device comprises more than two flotation mechanisms, each flotation mechanism comprises a rack 3, a fruit and seedling separation roller and a groove type peanut separation sieve, and the fruit and seedling separation rollers and the fruit picking roller have the same structure: the fruit and seedling separating roller comprises a fruit and seedling separating roller cylinder 52, the fruit and seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separating roller cylinder 52, the fruit and seedling separating roller cylinder 52 is respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the rack 3 through the left end and the right end of a rotating shaft 11 of the fruit and seedling separating roller cylinder, the fruit and seedling separating roller is provided with a fruit and seedling separating roller transmission connecting component 54, a groove type peanut separating sieve is positioned at the bottom of the fruit and seedling separating roller, the groove type peanut separating sieve comprises a separating sieve groove body, a bottom wall 12 of the separating sieve groove body is a sieve for sieving peanuts, a left side wall 13 of the groove type peanut separating sieve body and a right side wall 14 of the groove type peanut separating sieve body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack 3, and more than two: the left side wall 13 of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the rear end part of the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body in front are respectively connected with the left side wall 13 of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the front end part of the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body in back to form a fruit seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit seedling separation device, and the left side wall 13 of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body which are connected together respectively form a left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, a right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and a bottom wall of the fruit seedling separation channel; the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 of two adjacent fruit seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts 11 of the fruit seedling separating rollers are crossed so that each fruit seedling separating roller seals the upper part of a fruit seedling separating channel, thereby relatively closing the fruit-seedling separation channel, driving each fruit-seedling separation roller to drive the connecting part 54 to rotate by the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester through the transmission device, thereby leading each fruit-seedling separating roller to run in the same direction, leading the peanut seedlings to be pulled to the back from the front by the fruit-seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 positioned in the fruit-seedling separating channel, so that the peanuts in the separation state and the peanut seedlings are stirred to be conveyed to the rear end in a tumbling rotation state, the peanuts fall off through the screen mesh on the bottom wall 12 of the peanut seedling separation channel, the screened peanuts fall into the peanut collecting device below the peanut seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the peanut seedling separation channel; the peanut vine picking and separating device is mainly formed by connecting a comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and a flotation type fruit vine separating device at the rear end together in the following mode: the left side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and the rear end part of the bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel are respectively connected with the left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and the front end part of the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separation channel to form the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the picking roller moving teeth 5 of the rearmost picking roller in the comb-type picking device and the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth 15 of the foremost fruit seedling separation roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separation device are mutually embedded into a gap of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the rollers are intersected, so that each picking roller and each fruit seedling separation roller seal the upper part of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is relatively sealed, the front port of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is connected with the rear end part of the conveying chain harrow 2 and is used for containing peanut seedlings conveyed by the conveying chain harrow 2, the rear end opening of the peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channel is a peanut seedling discharge opening.

The peanut collecting device is a winnowing type peanut collecting device and comprises a rack 3, a winnowing channel left side wall 16, a winnowing channel right side wall 17, a vibration transmission screening mechanism, a blowing device 18 and a peanut collecting tank 19, wherein the top end of the winnowing channel left side wall 16 and the top end of the winnowing channel right side wall 17 are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom end of the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the bottom end of the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, and therefore a vibration transmission screening mechanism mounting accommodating cavity is formed below the fruit and seedling separation channel; the vibration transmission screening mechanism comprises a front-end vibration conveying comb sieve 20, a rear-end peanut screening guide structure and a bidirectional balance vibration mechanism, the front-end vibration conveying comb sieve 20 comprises a vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 and a comb 20-2, the vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 is arranged at the position below the front part of the fruit and seedling separation channel and is used for receiving peanuts and crushed seedling miscellaneous leaves screened from the front part of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the comb 20-2 is a row of comb teeth which are transversely arranged at the rear end of the vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 at equal intervals, the length specification of the comb teeth is more than two, the intervals of the comb teeth with the same length specification are equal, so that the intervals of the comb teeth are gradually widened from front to back, when the peanuts and the crushed seedling miscellaneous leaves conveyed from the rear end of the vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 pass through the comb 20-2, the peanuts and the crushed seedling miscellaneous leaves with the corresponding sizes are screened by the interval width specification of the comb teeth to fall down, the peanuts fall down from the comb teeth gap at the front end of the comb 20-2, and the broken seedlings and leaves are scattered from front to back and fall below the comb 20-2 in the descending order; the rear-end peanut screening and guiding structure comprises a peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 and a rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 is a groove body mainly composed of a left-side guiding groove wall 21-1, a right-side guiding groove wall 21-2 and a guiding groove bottom wall 21-3 which is inclined downwards from back to front, the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 seals an opening above a groove cavity of the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 at a position above a cavity of the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 and is connected with the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21, the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 is positioned below the rear part of the peanut and seedling separating channel and below a comb 20-2 of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and is used for receiving screened peanuts and crushed and impurity seedlings at the rear part of the peanut and crushed and impurity seedlings falling from a comb gap of the comb 20-2 at the rear end part of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, the rear end peanut screening guide structure seals the lower end opening of the rear part of the vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity, and therefore an opening formed at the rear end of the vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity is an air separation crushed seedling and impurity leaf outlet; the bidirectional balance vibration mechanism drives the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut screening guide structure to vibrate in an anti-parallel manner so as to counteract destructive force of the whole vibration of the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut screening guide structure on equipment; the blowing device 18 is arranged at the front end of the peanut receiving guide groove 21, a blowing air channel formed by the blowing device 18 is upwards inclined from an air outlet of the blowing device 18, passes through the sieve pores of the rear end vibrating and conveying sieve pore sieve 22 through the cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 and is discharged from the air separation and seedling crushing and impurity leaf discharge port above the rear end vibrating and conveying sieve pore sieve 22, when the peanuts and crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves falling from the comb teeth gap of the comb 20-2 at the rear end part of the front end vibration conveying comb sieve 20 and the screened peanuts and crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves at the rear part of the separating channel for the peanuts and the crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves fall downwards through the air duct, the peanuts fall into the groove cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 through the sieve pores of the rear-end vibrating and conveying perforated sieve 22 under the action of gravity, the small crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves are blown out by wind to sort the crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaf discharge port, the large crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves fall on the rear-end vibrating and conveying perforated sieve 22, and the wind-separated crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaf discharge port is conveyed backwards through the rear-end vibrating and conveying perforated sieve 22; the peanut collecting groove 19 is located below the front end of the cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 and is used for receiving peanuts falling off due to vibration of the cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21.

The bidirectional balance vibration mechanism of the vibration transmission screening mechanism comprises a frame 3, a vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23, a pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures and a transmission device, wherein the left end and the right end of the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3 in a rolling manner, the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 is provided with a transmission part, the pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures are arranged on the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 in a bilateral symmetry manner, the pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures are the same and comprise an eccentric connecting rod seat, a vibration sieve connecting rod 24 and a rocker arm 25, the vibration mechanism rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an inner ring of a bearing through an eccentric sleeve, the front end of the vibration sieve connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing through the bearing seat, the bearing and the eccentric sleeve which are combined together according to the structure form the eccentric connecting rod seat, the upper end parts of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively hinged with the left side and the right side of the rear end part of the front end vibration conveying comb screen 20, the lower end parts of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively hinged with the left side and the right side of the front end of the rear end peanut screening guide structure, the rear end of the vibration screen connecting rod 24 is hinged with the rocker arms 25, a power output shaft of an engine of a peanut harvester drives a transmission part arranged on a vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 to rotate through a transmission device, so that the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 rotates, the rocker arms 25 swing back and forth by taking a frame connecting rocker arm rotating shaft 26 as an axis, and the front end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear end vibration conveying perforated screen 22 are driven to reversely vibrate back and forth to convey materials to the rear end.

The blowing device 18 is composed of a plurality of blowers arranged side by side in the transverse direction: the all blowers share a fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the left end and the right end of the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3, the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 is provided with a transmission connecting part, the shell 18-2 of each blower is arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 at intervals, the shell 18-2 of each blower is fixedly connected with the frame 3, the shell 18-2 of each blower is rotatably connected with the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the fan blades of each blower are positioned in the respective shell 18-2 and are circumferentially and circularly arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission part arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive the fan blades of each blower to rotate to generate wind energy.

The peanut stem picking mechanism of the air separation type peanut collecting device comprises a stem bracket and at least one picking stem disc, the picking stem disc comprises a plurality of picking stem saws 55 and a picking stem saw fixing shaft 56, the picking stem saws 55 are circular sawtooth blades, the picking stem saws are fixed on the picking stem saw fixing shaft 56 at intervals, a row of picking stem saw slot holes 21-3-1 are arranged at intervals on the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove of the peanut collecting guide groove 21, the row of picking stem saw slot holes 21-3-1 are arranged in parallel in the front-back direction, the width of each picking stem saw slot hole 21-3-1 is matched with the thickness of the picking stem saw 55, the distance between the picking stem saw slot holes 21-3-1 is matched with the distance between the picking stem saws 55 of the picking stem disc, the picking stem saw fixing shaft 56 is transversely arranged below the peanut collecting guide groove 21, the left end and the right end of a picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 are respectively supported at the left side and the right side of the frame 3, one end of the picking handle saw fixing shaft is fixed with a handle saw transmission component 27, the upper part of a picking handle saw 55 of each picking handle disc is embedded into each picking handle saw slot hole 21-3-1 at a corresponding position, the picking handle saw slot hole 21-3-1 corresponding to the saw teeth at the front end of each picking handle saw 55 forms a handle bracket, the saw teeth of each picking handle saw 55 incline towards the rotating direction, so that the fruit handle at the handle bracket cannot slip when being subjected to the downward shearing force of the saw teeth of the picking handle saw 55, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the handle saw transmission component 27 arranged on the picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive the picking handle saw 55 of each picking handle disc to rotate from back to front in the groove cavity of the peanut bearing guide groove 21, so that the saw teeth of each picking handle saw 55 are supported along the groove of the corresponding handle bracket to cut off the groove at the position A fruit stem; the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove 21 for bearing the peanuts is composed of metal strips arranged at intervals from front to back, and saw slot holes 21-3-1 of the peanut picking handle are formed in gaps among the metal strips. The two fruit picking handle discs are arranged in parallel front and back; the spacing distance between the stem-picking saw and the stem-picking saw fixing shaft 56 is 4 cm-6 cm.

The left side and the right side of the front end of the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 are respectively hinged with a left guide groove wall 21-1 and a right guide groove wall 21-2 of the peanut receiving guide groove 21, a height adjustable structure 28 is arranged between the rear end of the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 and the rear end of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 to adjust the forward inclination of the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 is mainly composed of left and right wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 which are arranged at intervals and fixed on a screen wall 22-2 in the front and back upward direction, gaps among the wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 form strip-shaped screen holes, the notch of the wind pressure feedback groove 22-1 faces downwards to feed back the airflow blown into the groove cavity of the wind pressure feedback groove 22-1 by the blowing device 18 to the wind coming direction, and the airflow in the wind coming direction is converged together to form more abundant airflow which upwards passes through the screen holes, an air flow with balanced wind speed and wind pressure is formed above the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, the wind pressure feedback groove 22-1 is formed by connecting the tops of front slats 22-1-1 and rear slats 22-1-2 in a sealing way, and each front slat 22-1-1 inclines upwards from front to back so that the front slats 22-1-1 arranged at intervals are combined to form a wind direction guide window for guiding the direction of a discharge port for winnowing crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves.

The peanut harvester is also provided with a peanut air feeding device, the peanut air feeding device comprises a peanut collecting tank funnel 44, an air blower 45, an air quantity adjusting flashboard 46, an air inlet cylinder 47, a peanut feeding air cylinder 48, a peanut bin 49 and a transmission device, the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is positioned at the bottom of the peanut collecting tank 19, an upper opening of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is communicated with the bottom of the peanut collecting tank 19, the right side of the bottom of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is provided with an air inlet, the left side of the bottom of the peanut collecting tank funnel is provided with a feeding port, the peanut bin 49 is positioned at the top of the frame 3, the air blower 45 is fixed at the right side of the frame 3, an air outlet of the air blower 45 is communicated with the air inlet of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 through the air inlet cylinder 47, the air quantity adjusting flashboard 46 is arranged on the air inlet cylinder 47, and a lower port of the peanut, the upper end port of the blower is communicated with a peanut bin 49, a transmission connecting part is arranged on a rotating shaft of the blower 45, and a power output shaft of an engine of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting part arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower 45 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive fan blades of the blower 45 to rotate, so that the blower 45 generates wind energy and sends peanuts located in a peanut collecting tank funnel 44 into the peanut bin 49.

The peanut bin 49 of the peanut wind feeding device of the peanut harvester has a self-discharging structure: the bottom of the right side of the peanut bin 49 is hinged with the rack 3 to form a peanut bin hinged end, and at least one piston type actuating mechanism 50 is arranged between the peanut bin 49 and the rack 3 and used for lifting the peanut bin 49 to pour peanuts; the communicating structure of the upper port of the peanut air duct 48 and the peanut bin 49 is as follows: the bottom wall of the peanut bin 49 is provided with a peanut feeding air duct insertion hole matched with the diameter of the peanut feeding air duct 48 at a position corresponding to the upper part of the peanut feeding air duct 48, the bottom port of the peanut feeding guide tube 51 is hermetically connected with the upper end edge of the peanut feeding air duct insertion hole, the peanut feeding guide tube 51 vertically extends upwards from the upper end of the peanut feeding air duct insertion hole to the top of the peanut bin 49, then the peanut feeding air duct is opened by turning in a lateral direction, and the upper part of the peanut feeding air duct 48 is in insertion fit with the lower part of the peanut feeding guide tube 51.

The fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit picking roller drum 4 in a way that all the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are annularly arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4 to form all circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth groups, the radial fruit picking roller movable teeth 5 are arranged along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller rotary drum 4 at equal intervals to form radial fruit picking roller movable tooth groups, each circumferential fruit picking roller movable tooth group is formed by arranging the fruit picking roller movable teeth 5 in each radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller rotary drum 4, each fruit picking roller movable tooth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, the arrangement position of the fruit picking roller movable teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group in the radial direction corresponds to each gap of the fixed teeth 7, the arrangement distance of the fruit picking roller movable teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group in the radial direction is the fruit picking roller movable tooth dynamic distance, and the fruit picking roller movable tooth dynamic distance is 5 cm-15 cm; the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth 15 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller 52 in the following manner: the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form circumferential fruit seedling separating rolling teeth groups, the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group is formed by arranging the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 in each radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52, each fruit seedling separating rolling tooth 15 in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group is arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction, the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth, and the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth is 5 cm-15 cm.

The fruit picking rolling teeth 5, the fixed teeth 7 and the seedling separating rolling teeth 15 in each fruit picking mechanism are elastic teeth, the elastic teeth are formed by extending the tail end part of a spiral spring to the axial vertical surface direction of the spiral spring, the axial lead of the spiral spring is parallel to the axial lead of each roller, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the roller fixed by the elastic teeth, and the fruit picking rolling teeth 5 and the seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are inclined to the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller; the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body of each fruit picking mechanism is an arc-shaped bottom wall, and the arc-shaped bottom wall and the corresponding roller are coaxial; each fixed tooth 7 in the fruit picking mechanism inclines backwards and is provided with an inclination angle adjusting structure: the fixed teeth 7 of each row are fixed on a fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 at intervals, the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 is positioned below the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body, the left end and the right end of the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 are respectively and rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the frame 3, bar-shaped holes for screening away miscellaneous soil are transversely arranged on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body at intervals, each fixed tooth 7 penetrates through the bar-shaped hole on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body from the bottom and extends into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, an angle adjusting handle 30 is radially fixed to an end of the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29, a positioning hole is formed in the angle adjusting handle 30, a plurality of angle adjusting holes 31 corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjusting handle 30 are arranged on the frame 3, when the bolt 32 is inserted into each different angle adjusting hole 31 through the positioning hole on the angle adjusting handle 30, each fixed tooth 7 corresponds to a different inclination angle; the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device is inclined upwards from front to back; the bottom wall 12 of the trough type peanut separating screen of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen mesh, the bottom wall 12 of the trough type peanut separating screen is coaxial with a corresponding roller, and the bottom wall 12 of the trough type peanut separating screen is fixed on the rack 3 through a spring 33; the vibratory conveying platen 20-1 of the front vibratory conveying grate 20 is supported on the air separation channel left side wall 16 and the air separation channel right side wall 17 on the front left and right sides by a left side grate link 34 and a right side grate link, respectively: the upper end of the left-side grate screen connecting rod 34 is hinged with the left side of the front end of the vibration conveying platen 20-1 through a damping sleeve, the lower end of the left-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the left side wall 16 of the air separation channel through the damping sleeve, the upper end of the right-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side of the front end of the vibration conveying platen through the damping sleeve, and the lower end of the right-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side wall of the air separation channel through the; the peanut accepting guide groove 21 is hoisted on the left side wall 16 of the winnowing channel and the right side wall 17 of the winnowing channel through a guide groove hanging frame: the guide groove hanger comprises a left hanger connecting rod 35, a right hanger connecting rod and a hanger beam 36, the lower ends of the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hanger connecting rod are hinged with the left end of the hanger beam 36 and the right end of the hanger beam 36 through shock-absorbing sleeves respectively, the upper ends of the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hanger connecting rod are hinged with the left side wall 16 of the air separation channel and the right side wall 17 of the air separation channel through shock-absorbing sleeves respectively, and the hanger beam 36 is fixed at the bottom of the peanut receiving guide groove 21; the comb-type fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms.

The picking roller drum 4 and the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 are hollow-out structure drums; the dynamic spacing of the movable teeth of the fruit picking roller in each comb-type fruit picking device is gradually reduced from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually decreased from front to back.

The peanut harvester also comprises a peanut vine smashing and collecting device: comprises a peanut seedling crushing chamber, a peanut seedling crushing conveying fan 37, a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut seedling crushing storage bin 39 and a transmission device, wherein the peanut seedling crushing chamber comprises a crushing chamber shell 40 and a peanut seedling crushing structure arranged in the crushing chamber shell 40, the front end of the crushing chamber shell 40 is provided with a peanut seedling feeding port 40-1 which is hermetically connected with a peanut seedling discharging port and a crushed seedling and impurity leaf discharging port, the peanut seedling crushing structure comprises a crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, a crushed seedling reamer 42 and a crushed seedling fixed cutter 43, a transmission part is fixed at the end part of the crushed reamer rotating shaft 41, the crushed seedling reamers 42 are arranged on the crushed seedling rotating shaft 41 at intervals, the left end and the right end of the crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41 are respectively and rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell 40, the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 are fixed inside the crushing chamber shell 40 at intervals, and the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 correspond to the gaps of the crushed seedling reamers 42, the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives a transmission part arranged on a crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive each crushed seedling reamer 42 to rotate and pass through gaps among the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 in a reciprocating manner, so that peanut seedlings positioned at the bottom of a peanut seedling crushing chamber are crushed, the peanut seedling crushing chamber is communicated with a peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39 through a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut crushed seedling conveying fan 37 is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38 so as to convey the crushed peanut seedlings in the peanut seedling crushing chamber into the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39, and the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39 is provided with pressure relief holes for releasing wind pressure generated by a blowing device 18 in the winnowing type peanut seedling collecting device and a peanut crushed seedling conveying fan 37 in the peanut crushed seedling collecting device.

The peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39 are located above the peanut seedling smashing chamber, the number of the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38 is two, the peanut seedling smashing conveying wind cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the smashing chamber shell 40 respectively, the peanut seedling smashing reamer rotating shafts 41 are used as fan blade rotating shafts by peanut seedling smashing conveying fans arranged on the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38, the peanut seedling smashing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding port 40-1, the two peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38 are vertically upward, extend into the peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39 from the bottoms of the peanut seedling smashing chamber, extend upward to the tops of the peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39, and then are opened in opposite directions.

A coulter 1-1 of an excavating conveyer 1 is provided with a vibration soil shaking structure, the vibration soil shaking structure comprises a coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2, at least two coulter front-back reciprocating motion structures, a coulter front-back vibration guiding protection structure and a transmission device, the left end and the right end of the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of a frame 1-3 of the excavating conveyer in a rolling manner, the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 is provided with a transmission part, the coulter 1-1 front-back reciprocating motion structure comprises an eccentric connecting rod seat and a coulter connecting rod 1-4, the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of a bearing 1-6 through an eccentric sleeve 1-5, the back end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing 1-6 through, The bearings 1-6 and the eccentric sleeves 1-5 form an eccentric connecting rod seat, and the front end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 is hinged with a bracket for fixing the coulter; the coulter front and back vibration guide protection structure comprises a coulter upper guard plate 1-8 and a coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove, wherein the coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is transversely fixed on the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 and is positioned above the back side of the front end part of the coulter 1-1, the coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is inclined upwards from front to back and is used for extending into a field to turn up the floating soil, the coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove is transversely fixed on the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 and is positioned below the coulter upper guard plate 1-8, and the coulter 1-1 is slidably matched in the coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove cavity to restrain the coulter 1-1 from vibrating back and forth in the sliding groove; the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives a transmission part arranged on the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 to rotate through a transmission device, so that the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 rotates, and the coulter connecting rod 1-4 drives the coulter 1-1 to vibrate back and forth in the groove cavity at a height position limited by the front and back vibration guide grooves.

The front and back vibration guide protection structure of the coulter specifically comprises; the rear end of a coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is bent downwards, the part bent downwards forms an upper guard plate support connecting plate 1-8-1, a coulter front and back vibration guide sliding chute is mainly formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of coulter upper supporting sheets 1-9 and a plurality of coulter lower supporting sheets 1-10 through a plurality of supporting plate supports 1-11, each supporting plate support 1-11 is an angle-shaped support which is formed by fixing a first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and a second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 together through one end and has an acute included angle, each supporting plate support 1-11 is transversely fixed on the upper guard plate support connecting plate 1-8-1 through the first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 at intervals, the second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 is positioned below the first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1, the acute angle of each supporting plate bracket 1-11 faces the rear direction, each coulter upper supporting sheet 1-9 is respectively fixed on each first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and is positioned below the upper protecting plate bracket connecting plate 1-8-1, each coulter lower supporting sheet 1-10 is respectively fixed on each second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2, the lower surfaces of the coulter upper supporting sheets 1-9 are combined to form the upper groove wall of the coulter front-rear vibration guide sliding groove, and the upper surfaces of the coulter lower supporting sheets 1-10 are combined to form the lower groove wall of the coulter front-rear vibration guide sliding groove.

The colter 1-1 of the excavating conveyor 1 is provided with an excavating depth adjustable structure, the excavating depth adjustable structure comprises a press roller 1-12 and a pair of press roller height adjusting structures, the axle center of the press roller 1-12 is provided with a press roller shaft, and the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively connected with the left side and the right side of the front end of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 through the press roller height adjusting structures.

Suppression roller height adjustment structure includes: the press roller 1-12 is rotationally connected with a press roller shaft, the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively fixed with a height adjusting nut 1-13, the left side and the right side of an excavating conveyor frame 1-3 are symmetrically provided with a height adjusting screw rod 1-14, the two height adjusting screw rods 1-14 are vertically arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the two height adjusting screw rods 1-14 are respectively rotationally connected with the excavating conveyor frame 1-3, the height adjusting nut 1-13 at the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively screwed with the height adjusting screw rods 1-14 at the left side and the right side of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3, the upper end of each of the two height adjusting screw rods 1-14 is respectively provided with an excavating depth transmission gear 1-15, an excavating depth adjusting motor drives the two excavating depth transmission gears 1-15 to run, thereby driving the two height adjusting screw rods 1-14 to rotate so as to enable the two height adjusting nuts 1-13 to move up and down, thereby driving the press roller 1-12 to move up and down relative to the coulter 1-1.

Claims (6)

1. A flotation type fruit seedling separating device for a peanut harvester is characterized in that: the peanut seedling separating device comprises more than two flotation mechanisms, each flotation mechanism comprises a rack (3), a fruit seedling separating roller and a groove type peanut separating screen, each fruit seedling separating roller comprises a fruit seedling separating roller rotary drum (52), fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of each fruit seedling separating roller rotary drum (52), each fruit seedling separating roller rotary drum (52) is supported on the left side and the right side of the rack (3) through the left end and the right end of a fruit seedling separating roller rotary shaft (11) respectively, each fruit seedling separating roller is provided with a fruit seedling separating roller transmission connecting part (54), each groove type peanut separating screen is located at the bottom of each fruit seedling separating roller and comprises a separating screen groove body, the bottom wall (12) of each separating screen groove body is a screen mesh for screening peanuts, the left side wall (13) of each groove type peanut separating screen groove body and the right side wall (14) of each groove type peanut separating screen groove are fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack (3) respectively, the connection mode of more than two flotation mechanisms forming the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is as follows: the left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, the right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body and the rear end part of the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body in front are respectively connected with the left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, the right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body and the front end part of the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body in back, the separation sieve tank bodies connected together form a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, and the left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, the right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body and the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body connected together respectively form the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel; the fruit-seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) of two adjacent fruit-seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts (11) of the fruit-seedling separating rollers of the two adjacent fruit-seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that the fruit-seedling separating channels are sealed by the fruit-seedling separating rollers, the fruit-seedling separating channels are relatively sealed, the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the fruit-seedling separating rollers to drive the connecting component (54) to rotate through the transmission device, the fruit-seedling separating rollers rotate in the same direction, the peanut seedlings are pulled backwards by the fruit-seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in the fruit-seedling separating channels from the front, the peanuts and the peanut seedlings in the separated state are stirred to be conveyed towards the rear end in a tumbling rotating state, and the peanuts fall off through a screen on the bottom wall (12) of the fruit-seedling separating channel.

2. The flotation type fruit seedling separation device for the peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth (15) are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller drum (52) in the following manner: the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52) to form circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are radially arranged at equal intervals along the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52) to form radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is formed by circumferentially arranging the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group at intervals in an annular mode on the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52), the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group are radially arranged at equal intervals, and the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth.

3. The flotation type seedling separating device for the peanut harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the bottom wall (12) of the groove type peanut separating screen of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall (12) of the groove type peanut separating screen is coaxial with the corresponding fruit seedling separating roller (52), and the bottom wall (12) of the groove type peanut separating screen is fixed on the rack (3) through a spring (33).

4. The flotation type fruit seedling separation device for the peanut harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms; the fruit-seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit-seedling separation device is horizontally arranged.

5. The flotation type fruit seedling separation device for the peanut harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: each fruit-seedling separating rolling tooth (15) is an elastic tooth, the elastic tooth is formed by extending the tail end part of a spiral spring to the axial vertical plane direction of the spiral spring, the axial lead of the spiral spring is parallel to the axial lead of each fruit-seedling separating roller (52), so that the elastic tooth has elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the roller fixed by the elastic tooth, and the fruit-seedling separating rolling teeth (15) are inclined towards the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller.

6. The flotation type fruit seedling separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the fruit seedling separating roller drums (52) are hollow-out structure drums; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually reduced from front to back.

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