CN111247968A - Peanut seedling crushing and collecting device for peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut vine crushing and collecting device for a peanut harvester, and belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesters. The peanut seedling crushing chamber comprises a crushing chamber shell and a peanut seedling crushing structure arranged in the crushing chamber shell, the front end of the crushing chamber shell is provided with a peanut seedling feeding port which is used for being hermetically connected with a peanut seedling discharging port of a peanut harvester and a crushed seedling and impurity leaf discharging port of the peanut harvester, the peanut seedling crushing chamber is communicated with the peanut seedling crushing storage bin through the peanut seedling conveying air duct, and the peanut seedling crushing conveying fan is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct so as to convey crushed peanut seedlings in the peanut seedling crushing chamber into the peanut seedling crushing storage bin. It has the characteristics of compact structure, high collection efficiency, high working reliability and the like.

Description

Peanut seedling crushing and collecting device for peanut harvester

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of peanut harvesters.

Background technique

After searching, no such device has been found so far. Peanuts are widely grown in my country, and peanut harvesters play an important role in the peanut harvesting process. The peanut harvester separates the peanut fruit and the peanut seedling during the working process. The peanut harvester currently used does not have the equipment for collecting and processing the separated peanut seedling, but directly scatters the separated peanut seedling during the working process. Therefore, in the subsequent cultivation process, the peanut seedlings in the field need to be treated for a second time, which not only increases the cultivation process and labor cost, but also easily affects the timing of cultivation, so the peanut seedlings cannot be recycled well. Utilization, the utilization value of peanut seedlings is greatly reduced, resulting in a waste of resources and energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a peanut seedling crushing and collecting device for a peanut harvester, which has the characteristics of compact structure, high collecting efficiency and high working reliability.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

A peanut seedling crushing and collecting device for a peanut harvester, comprising a peanut seedling crushing chamber, a peanut crushing seedling conveying fan, a peanut seedling conveying air duct, a peanut crushing seedling storage bin and a transmission device. The peanut seedling crushing chamber comprises a crushing chamber shell and a set of The peanut seedling crushing structure in the crushing chamber shell, the front end of the crushing chamber shell is provided with a peanut seedling feeding inlet for sealing connection with the peanut seedling discharge outlet of the peanut harvester and the crushed seedlings and miscellaneous leaves discharge port of the peanut harvester, and the peanut seedlings are crushed. The room is connected with the peanut seedlings storage bin through the peanut seedling conveying air duct, and the peanut seedlings conveying fan is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct to send the ground peanut seedlings crushed in the peanut seedling crushing room into the peanut seedlings storage bin.

The further improvement of the present invention is:

The peanut seedling crushing structure includes a crushing reamer rotating shaft, a crushing reamer and a crushing fixed knife, a transmission part is fixed at the end of the crushing reamer rotating shaft, and the crushing reamer is arranged on the rotating shaft of the crushing reamer at intervals. The left end of the reamer rotating shaft and the right end of the crushing reamer rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the left side wall of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell and the right side wall of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell. , the gap between each broken seedling reamer corresponds to the gap between each broken seedling reamer, the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission component arranged on the broken seedling reamer shaft to rotate through the transmission device, so as to drive each broken seedling reamer to rotate , so that each broken seedling reamer reciprocates through the gap between each broken seedling fixed knives, so as to crush the peanut seedlings located at the bottom of the peanut seedling crushing chamber.

The peanut seedling storage bin is located above the peanut seedling crushing chamber. There are two peanut seedling conveying air ducts, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the crushing chamber shell. The crushed seedling reamer is used as the rotating shaft of the fan blade. The peanut seedling crushing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding inlet. The two peanut seedling conveying air ducts are vertically upward. Reach to the top of the peanut crushed seedling storage bin, and then open towards each other.

The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solutions are:

During the working process of the peanut harvester, it is a continuous process to discharge the peanut seedlings from the rear end outlet of the fruit seedling separation channel and enter the peanut seedling feeding inlet, and the broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves from the crushed seedling miscellaneous leaves discharge port and enter the peanut seedling feeding inlet. process. The peanut seedlings and the miscellaneous leaves of the broken seedlings will enter into the crushing bottom continuously through the peanut seedling feeding inlet in an appropriate amount, and will be crushed by the peanut seedling crushing structure. The crushed peanut seedlings are transported into the storage bin of peanut seedlings, so as to complete the crushing treatment and recovery of peanut seedlings. Since the peanut seedlings processed in each link of the whole processing process are continuously carried out in an appropriate amount (a small amount), the crushed peanut seedlings are produced by the conveying fan. The wind can achieve the energy of transporting the peanut crushed seedlings in the real-time processing peanut crushing room into the peanut crushed seedlings storage bin. The failure rate caused by it is avoided, and the working reliability is improved. Since the crushed peanut seedlings are collected, the volume of the peanut seedlings is reduced and the collection efficiency of the peanut seedlings is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left side view of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a left side view of the peanut harvester;

Fig. 4 is the axonometric view of Fig. 3;

Figure 5 is a left side view of the fruit picking mechanism in Figure 3;

Fig. 6 is the axonometric view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the axonometric view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a left side view of the grate-comb-type fruit picking device in Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is the axonometric view of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is the axonometric view of Fig. 8;

Figure 11 is a left side view of the flotation mechanism in Figure 3;

Figure 12 is an axonometric view of Figure 11;

Fig. 13 is the left side view of the flotation type fruit seedling separating device in Fig. 3;

Figure 14 is an axonometric view of Figure 13;

Fig. 15 is the left side view of the peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device in Fig. 3;

Figure 16 is an axonometric view of Figure 15;

Figure 17 is an axonometric view of Figure 15;

Fig. 18 is the structural representation of the air-selected peanut fruit collection device in Fig. 3;

Figure 19 is a left side view of the wind-selection type peanut fruit collecting device after removing the left side wall of the wind-selection channel and the right side wall of the wind-selection channel;

Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration transmission screening mechanism in Figure 18;

Fig. 21 is the structural representation of the two-way balanced vibration mechanism in Fig. 20;

Fig. 22 is the structural representation of the blowing device in Fig. 18;

Fig. 23 is the structural representation of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove in Fig. 20;

Fig. 24 is the structural representation of the peanut stem picking mechanism in Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is the structural representation of the fruit picking stalk plate in Fig. 24;

Fig. 26 is the structural representation of the fruit picking handle saw in Fig. 25;

Figure 27 is a left side view of the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen in Figure 20;

Figure 28 is an axonometric view of Figure 27;

Fig. 29 is a left side view of the peanut wind feeding device in Fig. 3

Figure 30 is an axonometric view of Figure 29;

Fig. 31 is the structural representation of the excavation conveyor in Fig. 3;

Figure 32 is a left side view of the vibrating soil shaking structure in Figure 31;

Figure 33 is an axonometric view of Figure 32;

FIG. 34 is an assembly view of FIG. 32 .

In the drawings: 1. excavation conveyor; 1-1. coulter of excavation conveyor; 1-2. coulter vibration shaft; 1-3. excavation conveyor frame; 1-4. coulter connecting rod; 1-5. Eccentric sleeve; 1-6. Bearing; 1-7. Bearing seat; 1-8. Coulter upper guard plate; 1-8-1. Upper guard plate bracket connecting plate; 1-9. Coulter upper Support piece; 1-10. Coulter lower support piece; 1-11. Pallet bracket; 1-11-1. The first strip connecting block; 1-11-2. The second strip connecting block; 1-12 .Press roller; 1-13. Height adjustment nut; 1-14. Height adjustment screw; 1-15. Digging depth transmission gear; 2. Conveyor chain rake; 3. Frame; 4. Fruit picking roller; 5. Fruit picking Roller teeth; 6. Drum shaft of fruit picking roller; 7. Fixed teeth; 8. Left side wall of fruit picking trough body; 9. Right side wall of fruit picking trough body; 10. Bottom wall of fruit picking trough body; 11. Fruit seedling separation roller drum shaft; 12. Bottom wall of separation screen groove; 13. Left side wall of grooved peanut separation screen groove; 14. Right side wall of grooved peanut separation screen groove; 15. Fruit and seedling separation Roller teeth; 16. Left side wall of air selection channel; 17. Right side wall of air selection channel; 18. Blowing device; 18-1. Fan blade shaft of blower; Collection tank; 20. Front-end vibrating conveying comb screen; 20-1. Vibrating conveying platen; 20-2. Comb; 21. Peanut fruit receiving guide groove; 21-1. Left guide groove wall; 21-2. Right side Guide groove wall; 21-3. Bottom wall of guide groove; 22. Back end vibrating conveying leak screen; 22-1. Wind pressure feedback groove; 22-1-1. Front panel of back end vibrating conveying leak screen; 22 -1-2. The rear panel of the rear end vibrating conveying leaky screen; 22-2. The screen helper; 23. The shaft of the vibration mechanism; 24. The connecting rod of the vibrating screen; 25. The rocker arm; Shank saw transmission part; 28. Height adjustable structure; 29. Fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft; 30. Angle adjustment handle; 31. Angle adjustment hole; 32. Bolt; 33. Spring; 34. Left comb screen connecting rod; 35 .Left hanger link; 36. Hoisting beam; 37. Peanut crushed seedling conveying fan; 38. Peanut seedling conveying air duct; 39. Peanut crushed seedling storage bin; 40. Crushing chamber shell; Rotary shaft; 42. Broken seedling reamer; 43. Broken seedling fixed knife; 44. Peanut fruit collection tank funnel; 45. Blower; 46. Air volume adjustment gate; 47. Air inlet duct; Peanut fruit warehouse; 50. Piston type actuator; 51. Fruit feeding guide cylinder; 52. Fruit seedling separation roller; 53. Fruit picking roller drive connection part; 54. Fruit seedling separation roller drive connection part; 55. Fruit picking handle saw; 56. Fruit picking handle saw fixed shaft.

The drive device in the present application uses the power output of the peanut harvester as the power source, and the device for power transmission through the transmission structure includes the prior art devices of the gear transmission structure, the sprocket transmission structure and the speed change device.

The orientation description in this application is based on the orientation of the peanut harvester, and the lateral direction refers to the left-right direction of the peanut harvester.

In the present application, transmission components refer to components that can be connected by transmission, such as transmission gears, transmission pulleys, and the like.

In the present application, the left side wall of the wind selection channel, the right side wall of the wind selection channel, the left side wall of the fruit picking trough body, and the right side wall of the fruit picking trough body are fixed to the frame as an integral structure, which can be equivalent to the frame.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

For the convenience of description, the peanut harvester using the peanut stem picking device will be described in detail as an example.

It can be known from the embodiment shown in Figures 1-34 that this embodiment includes a picker or a digging conveyor 1, a conveyor chain rake 2, a fruit seedling separator and a peanut fruit collecting device, and the fruit seedling separator includes the peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device and transmission device. The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device includes a grate-comb fruit picking device and a flotation-type fruit seedling separating device. The grate-comb fruit picking device includes more than two fruit picking mechanisms. The fruit picking mechanism includes a frame 3, a fruit picking roller and The fruit picking trough, the fruit picking roller includes a fruit picking roller drum 4, the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller drum 4, and the fruit picking roller drum 4 is respectively supported on the left side of the frame 3 through the left end and the right end of the fruit picking roller drum rotating shaft 6. On the side and the right side, the fruit picking roller is provided with a fruit picking roller transmission connection part 53, the fruit picking trough includes a fruit picking trough body and a fixed tooth 7, the fruit picking trough body is located at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, and the left side wall 8 of the fruit picking trough body and the fruit picking trough. The right side wall 9 of the tank body is respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the rack 3, and at least one row of fixed teeth 7 is provided on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking tank tank body. The wall 8 to the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body is arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the fruit picking roller drum shaft 6, and the gaps between the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 of the fruit picking roller and the fixed teeth 7 correspond to each other; constitute a grate-comb-type fruit picking device The combination mode of two or more fruit picking mechanisms is: the left side wall 8 of the front fruit picking trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the rear end of the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body are respectively connected with the back fruit picking trough. The left side wall 8 of the trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the front end of the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body are connected, and the connected fruit picking trough bodies form the peanut seedlings of the grate-comb fruit picking device. The left side wall 8 of the fruit picking trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body which are connected together form the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel, respectively. The right side wall of the peanut fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut fruit picking channel, the fruit picking roller teeth 5 of the two adjacent fruit picking rollers are embedded in each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of their fruit picking roller drum shafts 6 intersect. The gap between the other side is so that each fruit picking roller can close the peanut seedlings from the upper part of the channel, so that the peanut seedlings picking channel is relatively closed, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives each fruit picking roller through the transmission device. , so that the fruit picking rollers run in the same direction, the fruit picking roller teeth 5 located in the peanut seedling fruit picking channel pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the back, and the fruit picking roller teeth 5 pass through the gap between the fixed teeth 7. Thereby, the peanut seedlings are separated in the opposite direction, so as to separate the peanut fruit from the peanut seedlings; the flotation type fruit seedling separation device includes more than two flotation mechanisms, and the flotation mechanism includes a frame 3, fruit seedlings Separation roller and trough peanut separation screen, fruit seedling separation roller and fruit picking roller have the same structure: fruit seedling separation roller includes fruit seedling separation roller drum 52, and fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of fruit seedling separation roller 52 15. The fruit seedling separation roller 52 is respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3 through the left and right ends of the fruit seedling separation roller drum shaft 11. Peanut separation screen is located in the fruit seedling separation At the bottom of the roller, the trough type peanut separation screen includes a separation screen groove body, the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body is a screen for screening peanuts, the left side wall 13 of the groove type peanut separation screen groove body and the groove type peanut separation screen The right side wall 14 of the tank body is respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the frame 3, and the connection mode of two or more flotation mechanisms constituting the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is: the left side wall of the front separation screen tank body 13. The right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the rear end of the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body are respectively connected with the left side wall 13 of the latter separation screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the separation screen The front ends of the bottom walls 12 of the troughs are connected, and the connected sieve troughs form the fruit and seedling separation channels of the flotation-type fruit and seedling separation device, and the left side walls 13, The right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body respectively form the left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separation channel; The moving teeth 15 of the fruit and seedling separation rollers are inserted into each other's gaps when their connecting positions of the axis of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum 11 intersect each other, so that each fruit and seedling separation roller closes the upper part of the fruit and seedling separation channel, Thereby, the fruit and seedling separation channel is relatively closed, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting parts 54 of the fruit and seedling separation rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers run in the same direction and are located in the fruit and seedling separation channel. The fruit and seedling separation roller teeth 15 pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the rear, thereby stirring the peanut fruit and peanut seedling in a state of separation and conveying to the rear end in a churning and rotating state. , the screened peanuts fall into the peanut fruit collecting device located under the fruit seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the rear end outlet of the fruit seedling separation channel; It is connected with the flotation type fruit seedling separation device at the rear end through the following methods: the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut seedling picking channel. The rear end is respectively connected with the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel to form a peanut and seedling fruit picking and separation channel. The fruit picking roller teeth 5 of the rearmost fruit picking roller and the fruit seedling separating roller teeth 15 of the foremost fruit seedling separating roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separation device are embedded in each other when the position of the connecting line of the axis of the drum rotating shaft intersects with each other. so that each fruit picking roller and each fruit seedling separation roller can close the upper part of the peanut seedling picking separation channel, so that the peanut seedling fruit picking separation channel is relatively closed, and the front port of the peanut seedling fruit picking separation channel is connected to the conveyor chain 2 The rear end is connected, and is used to incorporate the peanut seedlings conveyed by the conveyor chain rake 2, and the rear port of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separation channel is the peanut seedling discharge port.

The peanut fruit collecting device is an air selection type peanut fruit collecting device, including a frame 3, a left side wall 16 of the air selection channel, a right side wall 17 of the air selection channel, a vibration transmission screening mechanism, a blowing device 18 and a peanut fruit collection tank 19. The top end of the left side wall 16 of the selection channel and the top end of the right side wall 17 of the air selection channel are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom end of the left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and the bottom end of the right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel. A vibration transmission screening mechanism installation chamber is formed below the separation channel; the vibration transmission screening mechanism includes a front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, a rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure and a two-way balanced vibration mechanism, and the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 includes a vibrating conveying platen 20- 1 and the comb grate 20-2, the vibrating conveying table 20-1 is set at the position below the front of the fruit and seedling separation channel, and is used to receive the peanuts and broken leaves from the front of the fruit and seedling separation channel, and the comb grate 20-2 It is a row of comb teeth arranged horizontally at the rear end of the vibrating conveying table 20-1 at equal intervals. The length specifications of the comb teeth are two or more, and the distance between the comb teeth of the same length specification is equal, so that the distance between the comb teeth is from front to back. Gradually widening, when the peanut fruit and broken seedling leaves conveyed by the vibration conveying table 20-1 to the rear end pass through the comb 20-2, the peanut fruit and broken seedling mixed leaves of the corresponding size are screened according to the interval width specification of the comb teeth to fall. , so that the peanut fruit falls from the gap between the comb teeth at the front end of the comb grate 20-2, and the broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves are scattered and dropped under the comb grate 20-2 from front to back in the order from small to large; the rear end peanut fruit screening guide structure includes: The peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 and the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22, the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is mainly composed of the left guide groove wall 21-1, the right guide groove wall 21-2 and the downward slope from back to front. The groove body is formed by the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove, and the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 closes the opening above the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 at the upper position of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21, and is connected to the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21. The fruit receiving guide grooves 21 are connected together, and the rear end vibrating conveying leak screen 22 is located under the rear part of the fruit seedling separation channel and below the comb 20-2 of the front end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, which is used to undertake the rear screening of the fruit seedling separation channel. The fallen peanuts and broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves, and the peanuts and broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves that fall from the gap between the combs 20-2 at the rear end of the front-end vibrating conveying grate screen 20, the rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure will vibrate transmission and screen The lower end of the rear part of the mechanism installation accommodating cavity is open and closed, so that the opening formed at the rear end of the installation accommodating cavity of the vibration transmission screening mechanism is the outlet for the air-selected broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves; the two-way balance vibration mechanism drives the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and The rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure vibrates in anti-parallel to counteract the destructive force of the overall vibration of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure to the equipment; the blowing device 18 is arranged at the front end of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 to blow air. The blowing air duct formed by the device 18 is inclined upward from the air outlet of the blowing device 18, and passes through the sieve hole of the rear-end vibrating conveying leaky sieve 22 through the groove cavity of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21 and above the rear-end vibrating conveying leaky sifter 22. , selected by the wind The broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves are discharged from the discharge port, and the peanuts and the broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves that fall from the gap between the combs of the combs 20-2 at the rear end of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 are screened at the rear of the separation channel. And when the broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves fall down through the air duct, the peanut fruit falls into the groove cavity of the peanut fruit carrying guide groove 21 through the sieve hole of the rear-end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 due to the action of gravity, and the smaller broken seedlings are mixed. The leaves are blown out by the wind from the outlet of the air-selected crushed seedlings, and the larger crushed leaves fall on the rear-end vibrating conveying leaky screen 22, and the rear-end vibrating conveying leaky sieve 22 transports the air-selected crushed leaves to the rear. The leaf discharge port; the peanut fruit collecting groove 19 is located below the front end of the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21, and is used to receive the peanut fruit that vibrates and slides down from the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21.

The two-way balanced vibration mechanism of the vibration transmission and screening mechanism includes a frame 3, a vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23, a pair of vibrating screen lateral reciprocating motion structures and a transmission device, and the left and right ends of the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 are respectively rolling and supported on the left and On the right side, the rotating shaft 23 of the vibrating mechanism is provided with a transmission component, and a pair of vibrating screen lateral reciprocating motion structures are symmetrically arranged on the vibrating mechanism rotating shaft 23. 24 and the rocker arm 25, the rotating shaft of the vibrating mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing through the eccentric sleeve, the front end of the vibrating screen connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing through the bearing seat, and the bearing seat, the bearing and the bearing are combined according to the above structure. The eccentric sleeve forms an eccentric connecting rod seat, the middle part of the rocker arm 25 is hinged with the frame 3 through the frame connection rocker arm rotating shaft 26, and the upper ends of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively connected with the left side of the rear end of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20. It is hinged with the right side, the lower ends of the two rocker arms 25 are hinged with the left and right sides of the front end of the rear end peanut fruit screening guide structure, the rear end of the vibration screen connecting rod 24 is hinged with the rocker arm 25, and the The power output shaft of the engine drives the transmission components arranged on the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism to rotate through the transmission device, so that the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism rotates, so that the rocker arm 25 swings back and forth with the frame connecting the rocker arm rotating shaft 26 as the axis, thereby driving the front end The vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and the rear end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 vibrate back and forth in reverse to convey materials to the rear end.

The blowing device 18 is composed of a plurality of blowers arranged horizontally side by side: each blower shares a fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the left and right ends of the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3, and the fan blade rotating shaft 18 -1 is provided with a transmission connection part, the casings 18-2 of each blower are arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 at intervals, the casings 18-2 of each blower are fixedly connected to the frame 3, and the casings 18-2 of each blower are It is rotatably connected with the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the fan blades of each blower are located in their respective casings 18-2 and are circumferentially arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester is driven by the transmission device. The transmission component on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 rotates to drive the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 to rotate, so that the fan blades of each blower are rotated to generate wind energy.

The peanut fruit receiving guide groove of the air-selected peanut fruit collecting device is provided with a peanut stalk picking mechanism: including a stalk bracket and at least one stalk plate, and the stalk plate includes a plurality of stalk saws 55 and a fixing shaft of the stalk saw 56. The fruit picking handle saw 55 is a circular sawtooth blade. The fruit picking handle saw is fixed on the fixed shaft 56 of the fruit picking handle saw at intervals. The bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is provided with a row of fruit picking handle saw slot holes 21 at intervals. -3-1, a row of fruit picking handle saw slot holes 21-3-1 are arranged in parallel front and rear, the width of each fruit picking handle saw slot hole 21-3-1 is adapted to the thickness of the fruit picking handle saw 55, and the fruit picking handle saw slot The spacing between the holes 21-3-1 is adapted to the spacing between the fruit-picking handle saws 55 of the fruit-picking handle plate, the fruit-picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 is laterally arranged below the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21, and the fruit-picking handle saw fixing shaft The left end and the right end of 56 are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the rack 3, one end of the fixed shaft of the fruit picking handle saw is fixed with the handle saw transmission part 27, and the upper part of the fruit picking handle saw 55 of each fruit picking handle plate is embedded in each fruit picking handle saw at the corresponding position. In the slot hole 21-3-1, the slot hole 21-3-1 corresponding to the front teeth of each fruit picking handle saw 55 forms a fruit handle bracket, and the teeth of each fruit picking handle saw 55 are inclined in the direction of rotation, so that the The fruit stalk located at the fruit stalk bracket will not slip off when subjected to the cutting force of the saw teeth of the fruit stalk saw 55, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the stalk saw provided on the fixed shaft 56 of the fruit stalk saw through the transmission device. The transmission part 27 is rotated to drive the fruit-picking handle saws 55 of each fruit-picking handle plate to rotate from the back to the front in the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21, so that the saw teeth of each fruit-picking handle saw 55 are in its corresponding fruit handle bracket slot. The bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is composed of metal strips arranged at intervals in the front and rear, and the gap between the metal strips forms each fruit picking handle. Saw slot hole 21-3-1. There are two stalk plates, and the two stalk plates are arranged side by side; the interval between the stalk saws fixed on the fixing shaft 56 of the stalk saws is 4cm-6cm.

The left and right sides of the front end of the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 are respectively hinged with the left guide groove wall 21-1 and the right guide groove wall 21-2 of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21, and the rear end vibrates the conveyance leak screen A height-adjustable structure 28 is arranged between the rear end of the 22 and the rear end of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 to adjust the forward inclination of the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22. The wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 provided in the direction are arranged at intervals and fixed on the screen helper 22-2. The gaps between the wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 form strip-shaped screen holes. The wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 The notch of the air blowing device 18 is blown into the groove cavity of the wind pressure feedback groove 22-1, and the air flow is fed back to the top of the incoming wind direction, and the air flow in the incoming wind direction converges together to form a relatively abundant air flow upward. After passing through the screen holes, an air flow with balanced wind speed and balanced wind pressure is formed above the rear-end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22. The wind pressure feedback groove 22-1 is formed by the top of the front strip 22-1-1 and the rear strip 22-1-2. The front slats 22-1-1 are closed and connected, and the front slats 22-1-1 are inclined upward from front to back, so that the front slats 22-1-1 arranged at intervals are combined to form an air direction guide window oriented toward the outlet of the wind-selected broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves.

The peanut harvester is also provided with a device for feeding peanut air into the bin. The device for feeding peanut air into the bin includes a peanut fruit collection tank funnel 44, a blower 45, an air volume adjustment gate 46, an air inlet duct 47, a fruit feeding air duct 48, and a peanut fruit bin. 49 and the transmission device, the peanut fruit collecting trough funnel 44 is located at the bottom of the peanut fruit collecting trough 19, the upper opening of the peanut fruit collecting trough funnel 44 is communicated with the bottom of the peanut fruit collecting trough 19, and the right side of the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44 bottom is provided with The air inlet is provided with a feeding port on the left side of the bottom of the funnel of the peanut fruit collection tank. The peanut fruit bin 49 is located on the top of the frame 3. The blower 45 is fixed on the right side of the frame 3. The air outlet of the blower 45 passes through the air inlet duct 47 It is communicated with the air inlet of the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44, the air volume adjusting shutter 46 is arranged on the air inlet duct 47, the lower port of the fruit feeding air duct 48 is communicated with the feeding port of the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44, and its upper port is connected to the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44. The fruit warehouse 49 is communicated, and the rotating shaft of the blower 45 is provided with a transmission connecting part, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting part arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower 45 to rotate through the transmission device, so as to drive the fan blades of the blower 45 to rotate, thereby The blower 45 is made to generate wind energy, and the peanuts located in the peanut fruit collection tank hopper 44 are sent into the peanut fruit bin 49 .

The peanut fruit bin 49 in the peanut air feeding bin device of the peanut harvester has a self-unloading structure: the bottom right side of the peanut fruit bin 49 is hinged with the frame 3 to form a hinged end of the peanut bin, and the peanut bin 49 and the frame 3 are hinged. There is at least one piston-type actuator 50 between them, which is used to lift the peanut fruit warehouse 49 and dump the peanut fruit; The position corresponding to the upper part of the fruit feeding air cylinder 48 is provided with a fruit feeding air cylinder insertion hole that is adapted to the diameter of the fruit feeding air cylinder 48, and the bottom port of the fruit feeding guide cylinder 51 and the upper end edge of the fruit feeding air cylinder insertion hole Sealed connection, the fruit feeding guide tube 51 extends vertically upward to the top of the peanut fruit bin 49 from the upper end of the fruit feeding air tube insertion hole, and then turns laterally to open, the upper part of the fruit feeding air tube 48 and the lower part of the fruit feeding guide tube 51 Insert fit.

The uniform distribution of the fruit-picking roller moving teeth 5 on the outer surface of the fruit-picking roller drum 4 is as follows: each fruit-picking roller moving teeth 5 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals along the circumference of the fruit-picking roller drum 4 to form each circumferential fruit-picking roller moving tooth group, and each fruit-picking roller moves The teeth 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4 to form each radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group. The fruit picking roller drum 4 is formed in a circle in the circumferential direction. The fruit picking roller teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction. The arrangement position of the fruit picking roller teeth 5 in the radial direction corresponds to the gaps of the fixed teeth 7, and the radial arrangement spacing of the fruit picking roller teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller teeth group is the dynamic of the fruit picking roller teeth. The dynamic spacing between the moving teeth of the fruit picking roller is 5cm to 15 cm; the even distribution of the moving teeth 15 of the fruit seedling separation roller on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller 52 is: 52 circumferentially equally spaced rings form each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group, and each fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group, Each circumferential fruit and seedling separation roller tooth group is formed by the fruit and seedling separation roller teeth 15 in the radial fruit and seedling separation roller tooth groups at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum 52. The moving teeth 15 of the fruit and seedling separating rollers are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement spacing is the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separating roller, and the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separating roller is 5cm ~15cm.

The fruit picking roller teeth 5, the fixed teeth 7 and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth 15 in each fruit picking mechanism are all elastic teeth. The axis line is parallel to the axis line of each drum, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential direction of the drum to which it is fixed, and the fruit picking roller teeth 5 and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth 15 are inclined to the opposite direction of the drum rotation. ; The bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body of each fruit picking mechanism is the bottom wall of the arc body, and the bottom wall of the curved body is concentric with the corresponding drum; Angle adjustment structure: each row of fixed teeth 7 is fixed on each fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 at intervals, the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 is located below the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking slot body, and the left and right ends of the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 are respectively The left and right sides of the rack 3 are rotated and connected, and the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough is provided with strip holes for sieving out the soil at horizontal intervals, and each fixed tooth 7 passes through the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough. The strip hole on the bottom wall 10 protrudes into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, and the angle adjustment handle 30 is radially fixed at the end of the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29, and the angle adjustment handle 30 is provided with a positioning hole. The frame 3 is provided with a plurality of angle adjustment holes 31 corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle 30 . 7 respectively correspond to different inclination angles; the peanut and seedling picking channel of the grate-comb fruit picking device is inclined upward from front to back; the bottom wall 12 of the grooved peanut separation screen of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, and The bottom wall 12 of the peanut separating screen is coaxial with its corresponding drum, and the bottom wall 12 of the trough peanut separating screen is fixed on the frame 3 by the spring 33; The left side and the right side are respectively supported on the left side wall 16 of the air selection channel and the right side wall 17 of the air selection channel through the left side comb screen connecting rod 34 and the right side comb screen connecting rod: the upper end of the left side comb screen connecting rod 34 The vibration sleeve is hinged to the left side of the front end of the vibration conveying table 20-1, and its lower end is hinged to the left side wall 16 of the air selection channel through the shock sleeve. The front end of the plate is hinged on the right side, and the lower end of the connecting rod of the right grate screen is hinged with the right side wall of the air selection channel through the shock-absorbing sleeve; On the right side wall 17 of the selected channel: the guide groove hanger includes the left hanger link 35, the right hoisting link and the hoisting beam 36, and the lower ends of the left hanger link 35 and the right hoisting link respectively pass the shock absorption The casing is hinged with the left end of the hoisting beam 36 and the right end of the hoisting beam 36, and the upper ends of the left hanger link 35 and the right hoisting link pass through the shock-absorbing casing to the left side wall 16 of the wind selection channel and the right side of the wind selection channel respectively. The wall 17 is hinged, and the hoisting beam 36 is fixed at the bottom of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21; the grate-comb fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the flotation-type fruit seedling separation device is composed of four A flotation mechanism is combined to form.

The fruit picking roller drum 4 and the fruit seedling separation roller drum 52 are both hollowed-out structure drums; the dynamic spacing of the fruit picking roller moving teeth in each grate-comb fruit picking device gradually decreases from front to back; the fruit seedling separation roller in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device The dynamic spacing of the moving teeth gradually decreases from front to back.

The peanut harvester also includes a peanut seedling crushing and collecting device: including a peanut seedling crushing room, a peanut crushing seedling conveying fan 37, a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut crushing seedling storage bin 39 and a transmission device, and the peanut seedling crushing room includes the crushing chamber shell. 40 and the peanut seedling pulverizing structure arranged in the pulverizing chamber shell 40. The front end of the pulverizing chamber shell 40 is provided with a peanut seedling feeding inlet 40-1 for sealingly connecting with the peanut seedling discharge outlet and the crushed seedling miscellaneous leaf discharge port. The seedling crushing structure includes a seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, a seedling reamer 42 and a seedling fixing knife 43, a transmission component is fixed at the end of the seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, and the seedling reamer 42 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the seedling reamer at intervals. 41, the left end and the right end of the crushing reamer shaft 41 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell 40 for rotation. The knives 43 correspond to the gaps between the reamers 42. The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission components arranged on the shaft 41 of the reamer to rotate through the transmission device to drive the reamer 42 to rotate and reciprocate. Passing through the gaps between the fixed knives 43 for crushing seedlings, the peanut seedlings located at the bottom of the peanut seedling crushing chamber are crushed. The peanut seedling crushing chamber communicates with the peanut seedling storage bin 39 through the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, and the peanut crushing seedlings are connected to the peanut seedlings storage bin 39. The conveying fan 37 is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, so as to send the ground peanut seedlings crushed in the peanut seedling crushing chamber into the peanut seedlings storage bin 39, and the peanut seedlings storage bin 39 is provided with a pressure relief hole for releasing the air selection. The wind pressure generated by the air blowing device 18 in the peanut fruit collecting device and the peanut crushing and seedling conveying fan 37 in the peanut seedling crushing and collecting device.

The peanut seedling storage bin 39 is located above the peanut seedling crushing chamber, and the peanut seedling conveying air ducts 38 are two symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the crushing chamber shell 40 respectively. The seedling conveying fan adopts the broken seedling reamer shaft 41 as the fan blade rotating shaft. The peanut seedling crushing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding inlet 40-1. The peanut crushed seedlings storage bin 39 extends upward to the top of the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39, and then opens toward each other.

The coulter 1-1 of the excavation conveyor 1 is provided with a vibrating soil shaking structure, and the vibrating soil shaking structure includes a coulter vibration shaft 1-2, at least two coulter front and rear reciprocating motion structures, a coulter front and rear vibration guide protection structure and a transmission device. , the left and right ends of the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 are rolled and supported on the left and right sides of the excavation conveyor frame 1-3 respectively. The coulter vibration shaft 1-2 is provided with a transmission component, and the coulter 1-1 reciprocates back and forth. The moving structure includes an eccentric connecting rod seat and coulter connecting rods 1-4. The coulter vibration shaft 1-2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 1-6 through an eccentric sleeve 1-5. The rear end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 The bearing seat 1-7 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the bearing 1-6, and the bearing seat 1-7, the bearing 1-6 and the eccentric sleeve 1-5 are combined according to the above structure to form an eccentric connecting rod seat, and the coulter connecting rod The front end of 1-4 is hinged with the bracket for fixing the coulter; the front and rear vibration guide protection structure of the coulter includes the upper coulter guard plate 1-8 and the front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter. The upper coulter guard plate 1-8 is laterally fixed on the excavation On the conveyor frame 1-3, it is located above the rear side of the front end of the coulter 1-1. The upper guard plate 1-8 of the coulter is inclined upward from front to back, and is used to reach into the field to turn up the floating soil. The vibration guide chute is laterally fixed on the excavation conveyor frame 1-3, and is located below the upper guard plate 1-8 of the coulter. Constrain the coulter 1-1 to vibrate back and forth in the chute groove cavity; the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission component arranged on the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 to rotate through the transmission device, so that the coulter vibrates the shaft 1 -2 rotates, and the coulter 1-1 is driven by the coulter connecting rod 1-4 to vibrate back and forth in the groove cavity at the height position defined by the front and rear vibration guide grooves.

The front and rear vibration guide protection structure of the coulter specifically includes: the rear end of the upper guard plate 1-8 of the coulter is inclined and bent downward, and the downwardly inclined and bent part forms the upper guard plate bracket connecting plate 1-8-1, The front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter is mainly composed of a plurality of upper coulter supporting pieces 1-9 and a plurality of coulter lower supporting pieces 1-10 which are fixedly connected by a plurality of supporting plate brackets 1-11. The supporting plate brackets 1-11 are An angle bracket with an acute angle formed by the first bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and the second bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 being fixed together at one end, each pallet bracket 1-11 passes through the A bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 is fixed on the connecting plate 1-8-1 of the upper guard plate bracket at a lateral interval, and the second bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 is located on the first bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and the acute angle of each pallet bracket 1-11 faces the rear, the upper brackets 1-9 of each coulter are respectively fixed on each first bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1, and are located on the connecting plate of the upper guard plate bracket Below 1-8-1, the lower support pieces 1-10 of each coulter are respectively fixed on each second bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-2, and the lower surfaces of the upper support pieces 1-9 of each coulter are combined to form a coulter. The upper groove wall of the front and rear vibration guide chute, and the upper surfaces of the lower brackets 1-10 of each coulter are combined to form the lower groove wall of the front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter.

The coulter 1-1 of the excavation conveyor 1 is provided with an adjustable excavation depth structure. The excavation depth adjustable structure includes a pressing roller 1-12 and a pair of pressing roller height adjustment structures. The axis of the pressing roller 1-12 is set. There is a pressing roller shaft, and the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft are respectively connected with the left and right sides of the front end of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 through the pressing roller height adjustment structure.

The height adjustment structure of the pressing roller includes: the pressing roller 1-12 is rotatably connected with the pressing roller shaft, the height adjusting nuts 1-13 are respectively fixed on the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft, and the height adjusting nuts 1-13 are respectively fixed on the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft, The left and right sides are symmetrically provided with height adjustment screws 1-14, two height adjustment screws 1-14 are arranged vertically, and the upper and lower ends of the two height adjustment screws 1-14 are respectively rotated with the excavation conveyor frame 1-3 Connect, the height adjustment nuts 1-13 of the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft are screwed together with the height adjustment screws 1-14 of the left and right sides of the excavation conveyor frame 1-3, respectively, and the two height adjustment The upper ends of the screws 1-14 are respectively provided with excavation depth transmission gears 1-15, and the excavation depth adjustment motor drives the two excavation depth transmission gears 1-15 to operate, thereby driving the two height adjustment screws 1-14 to rotate, so that the two height adjustment screws 1-14 are rotated. The adjusting nut 1-13 moves up and down, thereby driving the pressing roller 1-12 to move up and down relative to the coulter 1-1.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a collection device is smashed to peanut seedling for peanut harvester which characterized in that: the peanut vine smashing device comprises a peanut vine smashing chamber, a peanut vine smashing conveying fan (37), a peanut vine conveying air cylinder (38), a peanut vine smashing storage bin (39) and a transmission device, wherein the peanut vine smashing chamber comprises a smashing chamber shell (40) and a peanut vine smashing structure arranged in the smashing chamber shell (40), a peanut vine feeding opening (40-1) used for being hermetically connected with a peanut vine discharging opening of a peanut harvester and a peanut harvester smashed seedling impurity discharging opening is formed in the front end of the smashing chamber shell (40), the peanut vine smashing chamber is communicated with the peanut vine smashing storage bin (39) through the peanut vine conveying air cylinder (38), and the peanut vine smashing conveying fan (37) is arranged in the peanut vine conveying air cylinder (38) to convey smashed peanut vines in the peanut vine smashing chamber into the peanut vine smashing storage bin (39).

2. The peanut vine crushing and collecting device for the peanut harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the peanut seedling smashing structure comprises a seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41), a seedling smashing reamer (42) and seedling smashing fixed cutters (43), a transmission part is fixed at the end part of the seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41), the seedling smashing reamers (42) are arranged on the seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41) at intervals, the left end of the seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41) and the right end of the seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41) are respectively and rotatably connected with the left side wall of the bottom of a smashing chamber shell (40) and the right side wall of the bottom of the smashing chamber shell (40), the seedling smashing fixed cutters (43) are fixed inside the smashing chamber shell (40) at intervals, gaps between the seedling smashing fixed cutters (43) and the seedling smashing reamers (42) correspond to each other, and a power output shaft of an engine of the peanut harvester drives the transmission part arranged on the seedling smashing reamer rotating shaft (41) to rotate through the transmission device, so as to drive the seedling smashing reamers (42) to rotate, and the seedling smashing reamers (42) pass through the gaps among the seedling smashing fixed knives (43) in a reciprocating manner, thereby smashing peanut seedlings positioned at the bottom of the peanut seedling smashing chamber.

3. The peanut vine crushing and collecting device for the peanut harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the peanut seedling smashing storage bin (39) is located above the peanut seedling smashing chamber, the number of the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders (38) is two, the two wind cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the smashing chamber shell (40), the peanut seedling smashing conveying fans arranged on the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders (38) adopt a smashing reamer rotating shaft (41) as a fan blade rotating shaft, the peanut seedling smashing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding port (40-1), the two peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders (38) are vertically upward, the bottom of the peanut seedling smashing chamber stretches into the peanut seedling smashing storage bin (39), the peanut seedling smashing storage bin extends upward to the top of the peanut seedling smashing storage bin (39), and then the peanut seedling smashing chambers are opened in opposite directions.

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