CN115804288B - Peanut harvesting and drying device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Peanut harvesting and drying device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115804288B CN115804288B CN202211625560.7A CN202211625560A CN115804288B CN 115804288 B CN115804288 B CN 115804288B CN 202211625560 A CN202211625560 A CN 202211625560A CN 115804288 B CN115804288 B CN 115804288B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of crop collection, in particular to a novel peanut harvesting and drying device and a working method thereof. Comprising the following steps: the first support frame plays a role in bearing; the conveying belt is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first supporting frame in an inclined state; the second support frame is fixedly arranged beside the first support frame; the separation mechanism comprises a separation bracket and two leaf removing brackets, wherein the separation bracket is arranged at the upper part of the second support frame, and the two leaf removing brackets are symmetrically arranged relative to the separation bracket in the horizontal direction; the screening mechanism comprises a screening box, and the screening box is arranged at the lower end of the separation bracket; the collecting mechanism comprises a storage hopper, a spiral feeder and a dryer, wherein the storage hopper is arranged below the screening box, the spiral feeder is arranged below the storage hopper, and the dryer is arranged at one end of the spiral feeder, which is far away from the storage hopper.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop collection, in particular to a peanut harvesting and drying device and a working method thereof.
Background
The oil yield of peanuts in oil crops is far higher than that of other oil crops, the oil yield is up to 45% -50%, the oil yield of soybeans is 14% -16%, and even transgenic soybeans have the oil yield of about 18%. The relative content of oleic acid in the peanuts reaches more than 50%, and the oleic acid is beneficial to the cardiovascular system of the human body, has the effect of reducing the hyperlipidemia and harmful cholesterol of the human body, and does not influence or relatively improve the beneficial cholesterol.
At present, the peanut picking in China mainly adopts manual picking, and the manual picking is a method for farmers to pick the peanut slowly, and is mainly characterized by high labor intensity, long working period and low efficiency. And then the picking personnel peel off the peanut from the branches and leaves.
Aiming at the situation, it is necessary to design a peanut harvesting and drying device which improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor intensity and can completely replace the peanut picking process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a peanut harvesting and drying device and a working method thereof, aiming at the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a peanut harvesting and drying device, comprising:
the first support frame plays a role in bearing;
the conveying belt is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first supporting frame in an inclined state;
the second support frame is fixedly arranged beside the first support frame;
the separation mechanism comprises a separation bracket and two leaf removing brackets, wherein the separation bracket is arranged at the upper part of the second support frame, and the two leaf removing brackets are symmetrically arranged relative to the separation bracket in the horizontal direction;
the screening mechanism comprises a screening box, and the screening box is arranged at the lower end of the separation bracket;
the collecting mechanism comprises a storage hopper, a spiral feeder and a dryer, wherein the storage hopper is arranged below the screening box, the spiral feeder is arranged below the storage hopper, and the dryer is arranged at one end of the spiral feeder, which is far away from the storage hopper.
Further, separating mechanism includes separator box, driving gear and two driven gears, and wherein, the separator box sets up the upper end at the second support frame, and the shaping has feed inlet and bin outlet on the separator box, and the feed inlet is located the below of conveyer belt, and the driving gear setting is kept away from on the lateral wall of bin outlet one end at the separator box, and driving gear and separation support coaxial line set up, and two driven gears set up with two leaf removal support coaxial lines respectively, and two driven gears mesh with the driving gear simultaneously.
Further, separating mechanism still includes initiative roller and two driven roller, and the shaping has a plurality of separation inserted bars on the separation support, removes the shaping on the leaf support and has a plurality of separation bent bars, and initiative roller and separation support coaxial line are fixed to be pegged graft, and two driven roller respectively with two leaf removal supports coaxial line are fixed to be pegged graft, simultaneously, and the one end and the fixed grafting of initiative gear of initiative roller, the other end is rotated with the lateral wall of separator box through the bearing and is connected.
Further, screening mechanism still includes driving belt, initiative gyro wheel, driving motor, driving gyro wheel, driven gyro wheel, driving belt and tensioning ware, wherein, the fixed one end that sets up at the initiative roller is kept away from to the initiative gyro wheel coaxial line, driving motor sets up the side at the storage bucket, driving gyro wheel establishes with driving motor's fixed cover of output, driven gyro wheel sets up in driving gyro wheel's below, driving belt's one end is connected with the initiative gyro wheel transmission, the other end is connected with driving gyro wheel transmission, driving belt's one end is connected with driving gyro wheel transmission, the other end is connected with driven gyro wheel transmission, the tensioning ware sets up between driven gyro wheel and driving gyro wheel, tensioning ware and driving belt cooperation are connected.
Further, screening mechanism still includes first vibrations sieve, eccentric roller, the second vibrations sieve, four connecting blocks, eight first buffer springs and eight buffering short pins, the eccentric roller passes behind the lateral wall of screening case and links to each other with driven gyro wheel is coaxial, four connecting blocks correspond respectively and set up the both ends at two minor faces of screening case, four connecting blocks and screening case fixed connection, the upper and lower both ends of every connecting block are symmetrical state and are provided with two buffering short pins, simultaneously, every first buffer spring all overlaps the outside of establishing at a buffering short pin, every first buffer spring's one end offsets with buffering short pin, the other end offsets with connecting blocks, the second shakes the sieve setting in the top of eccentric roller and links to each other with the screening case, first vibrations setting is in the top of second vibrations sieve and links to each other with the screening case.
Further, screening mechanism still includes the third vibrations sieve, two vibrations platform, two biax motors, two mounts, four eccentric blocks, four second buffer springs, four locating long round pins, four locating long sleeves, sixteen reset springs, eight reset long pins and a plurality of fans, the setting of third vibrations sieve is between first vibrations sieve and second vibrations sieve, third vibrations sieve and screening case sliding connection, two vibrations platform are fixed to be set up in the both ends of third vibrations sieve, fixed a mount that is provided with on every vibrations platform, two biax motors correspond the lower part that sets up in two mounts, two biax motors are articulated with two mounts respectively, four eccentric blocks correspond the output that sets up at two biax motors, simultaneously, four locating long pins correspond the both ends that set up at two biax motors, every locating long pin all articulates with biax motors, the outside of every locating long pin all overlaps and is equipped with locating long sleeve, the one end and the mount of every locating long sleeve all are equipped with second buffer spring, the outside cover of every locating long sleeve is equipped with the second buffer spring, the second buffer spring is set up in the both ends that the reset pin offsets two ends of two biax motors, two reset pin sets of reset pin offset two reset pin sets of equal-length, two reset pin sets of reset pin offset two reset pin sets of reset pin, reset pin set up two reset pin and reset pin, reset pin set of reset pin and reset pin, reset pin and reset box, reset pin box reset pin, reset pin box and reset pin box reset pin.
Further, collection mechanism still includes the water pipe, power motor and feed cylinder, accomodate the below of fight setting at vibration platform, the spray pipe sets up and is keeping away from one side of screening case in accomodating the fight, the one end and the water source of spray pipe link to each other, the lower extreme of spray pipe has a plurality of branch pipes that divide along the equidistant shaping of axis direction, a plurality of branch pipes that divide stretch out behind the second support frame fixedly grafting with the second support frame, power motor sets up the lower part at the second support frame, screw feeder and power motor's output fixed axle connects, the outside at screw feeder is established to the coaxial cover of feed cylinder, the upper end and a plurality of branch pipes fixed connection that divide of feed cylinder, the lower extreme shaping of feed cylinder has a plurality of holes that leak.
Further, the collecting mechanism further comprises a collecting box and a drawer, the collecting box is arranged at one end of the feeding barrel, which is far away from the power motor, the dryer is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the collecting box, the drawer is arranged at the lower part of the collecting box, and the drawer is in sliding connection with the collecting box.
The working method of the peanut harvesting and drying device comprises the following steps:
s1: when the device is operated, a large amount of soil and branches and leaves are attached to the peanuts just pulled out of the ground, at the moment, an operator places the peanuts on a conveying belt, the conveying belt conveys the peanuts from a low place to a high place, and then the peanuts fall off at the highest point of the conveying belt;
s2: the dropped peanuts are treated by a separating mechanism, the separating mechanism carries out preliminary separation on the peanuts, the large soil and the large branches and leaves, then the preliminarily separated branches and leaves are discharged from the separating mechanism, and the peanuts, the small soil and the scattered branches and leaves continue to drop;
s3: the fallen peanuts fall into a screening box, at the moment, the peanuts are separated from small soil blocks and scattered branches and leaves in the screening box, and finally the peanuts with a small amount of soil attached to the peanuts continue to fall;
s4: the peanut that falls is transferred by screw feeder after accomodating the fill, and the peanut can be washd by the transfer in-process, and the peanut that has the water stain at last can be dried by the drying-machine, and operating personnel can collect it after the peanut surface is dried.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the following steps: the device can directly treat peanuts just picked from the ground and attached with a large amount of soil and branches and leaves, the soil is not required to be knocked off after the soil is dried in the sun, and then the peanuts are separated from the branches and leaves, so that the device greatly reduces the working flow and the working time, and improves the working efficiency;
and two,: the peanut drying device only needs an operator to firstly place peanuts on the conveying belt, and finally pulls the drawer open to take away the dried peanuts, so that excessive interference of the operator is not needed in the running process of the device, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a collection mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the collection mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the separating mechanism and the screening mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the separation mechanism and screening mechanism of the present invention in a perspective view;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the separation mechanism and screening mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the structure at D-D in fig. 9.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
1. a conveyor belt; 2. a first support frame; 3. a second support frame; 4. a separation mechanism; 5. a separation box; 6. a feed inlet; 7. a discharge port; 8. a drive gear; 9. a driving roll shaft; 10. separating the bracket; 11. separating the inserted link; 12. a driven gear; 13. a driven roll shaft; 14. a defoliation bracket; 15. separating the bent rod; 16. a screening mechanism; 17. a screening box; 18. a drive belt; 19. a driving roller; 20. a driving motor; 21. driving the roller; 22. a driven roller; 23. a drive belt; 24. a tensioner; 25. a first vibrating screen plate; 26. eccentric roll shafts; 27. the connecting slide block; 28. a first buffer spring; 29. a buffer short pin; 30. a second vibrating screen plate; 31. a third vibrating screen plate; 32. a vibration platform; 33. a biaxial motor; 34. a fixing frame; 35. an eccentric block; 36. a second buffer spring; 37. positioning a long pin; 38. positioning a long sleeve; 39. a blower; 40. a return spring; 41. resetting the long pin; 42. a collection mechanism; 43. a storage bucket; 44. a water pipe; 45. a water diversion branch pipe; 47. A power motor; 48. a screw feeder; 49. a feeding cylinder; 50. a water leakage hole; 51. a dryer; 52. a collection box; 53. and a drawer.
Description of the embodiments
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description below, in order to further understand the features and technical means of the invention and the specific objects and functions achieved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a peanut harvesting and drying device includes:
the first support frame 2 plays a role in bearing;
the conveying belt 1 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first supporting frame 2 in an inclined state;
the second support frame 3 is fixedly arranged beside the first support frame 2;
the separation mechanism 4 comprises a separation bracket 10 and two defoliation brackets 14, wherein the separation bracket 10 is arranged at the upper part of the second support frame 3, and the two defoliation brackets 14 are symmetrically arranged relative to the separation bracket 10 in the horizontal direction;
a screening mechanism 16 including a screening box 17, the screening box 17 being provided at the lower end of the separation bracket 10;
the collecting mechanism 42 includes a hopper 43, a screw feeder 48, and a dryer 51, the hopper 43 is disposed below the screening box 17, the screw feeder 48 is disposed below the hopper 43, and the dryer 51 is disposed at an end of the screw feeder 48 remote from the hopper 43.
The separating mechanism 4 comprises a separating box 5, a driving gear 8 and two driven gears 12, wherein the separating box 5 is arranged at the upper end of the second supporting frame 3, a feed inlet 6 and a discharge outlet 7 are formed in the separating box 5, the feed inlet 6 is located below the conveying belt 1, the driving gear 8 is arranged on the side wall of the separating box 5, which is far away from one end of the discharge outlet 7, the driving gear 8 is coaxially arranged with the separating frame 10, the two driven gears 12 are coaxially arranged with the two leaf removing frames 14 respectively, and the two driven gears 12 are simultaneously meshed with the driving gear 8. When the device operates, a large amount of soil and branches and leaves are attached to peanuts just pulled out of the ground, at the moment, operators place the peanuts on the conveying belt 1, the conveying belt 1 conveys the peanuts from a low position to a high position, then the peanuts fall off at the highest point of the conveying belt 1, the fallen peanuts fall into the separating box 5 through the feeding hole 6, then the separating bracket 10 in the separating box 5 carries out preliminary separation on the peanuts, massive soil and branches and leaves, then the primarily separated branches and leaves soil is discharged from the discharging hole 7 of the separating box 5, and the peanuts, the small soil and the scattered branches and leaves continue to fall.
The separating mechanism 4 further comprises a driving roll shaft 9 and two driven roll shafts 13, a plurality of separating inserting rods 11 are formed on the separating support 10, a plurality of separating bent rods 15 are formed on the leaf removing support 14, the driving roll shaft 9 and the separating support 10 are fixedly connected in a coaxial line in an inserting mode, the two driven roll shafts 13 are respectively fixedly connected in a coaxial line with the two leaf removing supports 14 in an inserting mode, meanwhile, one end of the driving roll shaft 9 is fixedly connected with the driving gear 8 in an inserting mode, and the other end of the driving roll shaft is connected with the side wall of the separating box 5 in a rotating mode through a bearing. When the device operates, the driving gear 8 rotates, the specific driving process is explained in the working principle part, the two driven gears 12 are meshed with the driving gear 8, the rotation of the driving gear 8 drives the two driven gears 12 to rotate, the rotation of the two driven gears 12 drives the two driven roll shafts 13 connected with the two driven roll shafts 13 to rotate, the rotation of the two driven roll shafts 13 drives the two leaf removing supports 14 connected with the two leaf removing supports in a sleeved mode to rotate, meanwhile, the rotation of the driving gear 8 drives the driving roll shafts 9 connected with the driving roll shafts 9 to rotate, the rotation of the driving roll shafts 9 drives the separating supports 10 connected with the driving roll shafts in a sleeved mode to rotate, and attention is paid to the fact that the rotation direction of the two leaf removing supports 14 is opposite to the rotation direction of the separating supports 10, peanuts falling from the feed inlet 6 can climb on the separating inserting rods 11 of the separating supports 10, and along with the rotation of the separating supports 10, then the separating bent rods 15 on the leaf removing supports 14 close to the feed inlet 7 can strip large pieces of soil and large leaves attached to the peanuts, and the residual soil can be stripped from the separating bent rods 15 on the separating supports 14 far away from the feed inlet 7. The residual peanut and small pieces of earth branches and leaves then continue to fall.
The screening mechanism 16 further comprises a driving belt 18, a driving roller 19, a driving motor 20, a driving roller 21, a driven roller 22, a driving belt 23 and a tensioner 24, wherein the driving roller 19 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the driving roller shaft 9, of the driving gear 8, the driving motor 20 is arranged at the side of the storage hopper 43, the driving roller 21 is fixedly sleeved with the output end of the driving motor 20, the driven roller 22 is arranged below the driving roller 19, one end of the driving belt 18 is in transmission connection with the driving roller 19, the other end of the driving belt is in transmission connection with the driving roller 21, one end of the driving belt 23 is in transmission connection with the driving roller 21, the other end of the driving belt is in transmission connection with the driven roller 22, the tensioner 24 is arranged between the driven roller 22 and the driving roller 21, and the tensioner 24 is in matched connection with the driving belt 23. When the device operates, the driving motor 20 is started, the driving roller 21 is fixedly sleeved with the output end of the driving motor 20, the driving roller 21 rotates, at the moment, the driving roller 19 connected with the driving roller 21 through the transmission belt 18 rotates, the driving roller 19 drives the driving gear 8 connected with the driving roller 19 to rotate, meanwhile, the driven roller 22 connected with the driving roller 21 through the driving belt 23 rotates, and in the process, the tensioner 24 continuously acts on the driving belt 23, so that the driving belt 23 is kept taut constantly.
The screening mechanism 16 further comprises a first vibration screen plate 25, an eccentric roller shaft 26, a second vibration screen plate 30, four connecting sliding blocks 27, eight first buffer springs 28 and eight buffer short pins 29, wherein the eccentric roller shaft 26 penetrates through the side wall of the screening box 17 and then is coaxially connected with the driven roller 22, the four connecting sliding blocks 27 are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of two short sides of the screening box 17, the four connecting sliding blocks 27 are fixedly connected with the screening box 17, two buffer short pins 29 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each connecting sliding block 27, meanwhile, each first buffer spring 28 is sleeved outside one buffer short pin 29, one end of each first buffer spring 28 abuts against one buffer short pin 29, the other end abuts against one connecting sliding block 27, the second vibration screen plate 30 is arranged above the eccentric roller shaft 26 and is connected with the screening box 17, and the first vibration screen plate 25 is arranged above the second vibration screen plate 30 and is connected with the screening box 17. When the device operates, the driven roller 22 can drive the eccentric roller shaft 26 connected with the driven roller 22 to rotate, and the eccentric roller shaft 26 is known to be connected with the screening box 17, the screening box 17 can be driven to shake when the eccentric roller shaft 26 rotates, the first vibration screen plate 25 and the second vibration screen plate 30 are connected with the screening box 17, the first vibration screen plate 25 and the second vibration screen plate 30 can shake, the screening box 17 can shake, the connecting sliding block 27 fixedly connected with the screening box 17 can displace in a short distance, and at the moment, the first buffer springs 28 arranged at the two ends of the connecting sliding block 27 can buffer the connecting sliding block 27, so that the connecting sliding block 27 is prevented from being blocked in the moving process. It should be noted that the diameter of the holes of the second vibrating screen plate 30 should be smaller than that of the first vibrating screen plate 25, otherwise the effect of sorting the peanuts cannot be achieved.
The screening mechanism 16 further comprises a third vibration screen plate 31, two vibration platforms 32, two double-shaft motors 33, two fixing frames 34, four eccentric blocks 35, four second buffer springs 36, four positioning long pins 37, four positioning long sleeves 38, sixteen return springs 40, eight return long pins 41 and a plurality of fans 39, the third vibration screen plate 31 is arranged between the first vibration screen plate 25 and the second vibration screen plate 30, the third vibration screen plate 31 is in sliding connection with the screening box 17, the two vibration platforms 32 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the third vibration screen plate 31, one fixing frame 34 is fixedly arranged on each vibration platform 32, the two double-shaft motors 33 are correspondingly arranged at the lower parts of the two fixing frames 34, the two double-shaft motors 33 are respectively hinged with the two fixing frames 34, the four eccentric blocks 35 are correspondingly arranged at the output ends of the two double-shaft motors 33, simultaneously, four positioning long pins 37 are correspondingly arranged at two ends of two double-shaft motors 33, each positioning long pin 37 is hinged with the double-shaft motor 33, a positioning long sleeve 38 is sleeved outside each positioning long pin 37, one end of each positioning long sleeve 38, which is far away from the double-shaft motor 33, is hinged with a fixed frame 34, a second buffer spring 36 is sleeved outside each positioning long sleeve 38, one end of each second buffer spring 36 is abutted with the double-shaft motor 33, the other end of each second buffer spring is abutted with the fixed frame 34, eight reset long pins 41 are correspondingly arranged at corners of two vibration platforms 32 respectively, sixteen reset springs 40 are arranged in pairs, two reset springs 40 are sleeved outside each reset long pin 41, the upper end of one reset spring 40 is abutted with the pin head of the corresponding reset long pin 41, the lower end is abutted with the corresponding vibration platform 32, the upper end of the other reset spring 40 is abutted with the corresponding vibration platform 32, the other end of the other reset spring 40 is abutted with the second support frame 3, a plurality of fans 39 are provided at equal intervals at one end of the screening box 17 near the driven roller 22. When the device operates, two double-shaft motors 33 are started, four eccentric blocks 35 are fixedly sleeved outside the output ends of the two double-shaft motors 33 respectively, then the starting of each double-shaft motor 33 drives the corresponding two eccentric blocks 35 to rotate, the corresponding double-shaft motors 33 are reacted when the two eccentric blocks 35 rotate, so that the double-shaft motors 33 shake, the upper ends of the double-shaft motors 33 are hinged with a fixing frame 34, two sides of the double-shaft motors are connected with the fixing frame 34 through positioning long pins 37 and positioning long sleeves 38, shake of the double-shaft motors 33 acts on the fixing frame 34, the fixing frame 34 is fixedly connected with the vibration platform 32, shake of the fixing frame 34 drives the vibration platform 32 to shake, and then the two vibration platforms 32 drive a third vibration sieve plate 31 connected with the vibration platform to shake. In the process, the second buffer spring 36 provides buffer for the shake of the corresponding biaxial motor 33, and the return spring 40 provides buffer for the shake of the corresponding shake table 32. It should be noted that the direction of the shaking of the third shaking screen 31 should be opposite to the shaking direction of the first shaking screen 25 and the second shaking screen 30, and only when the directions are opposite, some small branches and leaves can be scraped off, and the scraped small branches and leaves can be blown off by the blower 39, so as to complete further sorting of the peanuts.
The collecting mechanism 42 further comprises a water pipe 44, a power motor 47 and a feeding cylinder 49, the collecting hopper 43 is arranged below the vibration platform 32, the water spraying pipe 44 is arranged on one side, far away from the screening box 17, of the collecting hopper 43, one end of the water spraying pipe 44 is connected with a water source, a plurality of water distribution branch pipes 45 are formed at equal intervals in the axial direction at the lower end of the water spraying pipe 44, the water distribution branch pipes 45 extend out of the second supporting frame 3 and then are fixedly connected with the second supporting frame 3 in an inserting mode, the power motor 47 is arranged at the lower portion of the second supporting frame 3, the spiral feeder 48 is fixedly connected with the output end of the power motor 47 in a shaft mode, the feeding cylinder 49 is coaxially sleeved outside the spiral feeder 48, the upper end of the feeding cylinder 49 is fixedly connected with the water distribution branch pipes 45, and a plurality of water leakage holes 50 are formed in the lower end of the feeding cylinder 49. When the device is operated, a small amount of soil is adhered to the peanuts falling from the third vibrating screen plate 31, the falling peanuts fall into the feeding cylinder 49 through the storage hopper 43 at the moment, then the power motor 47 is started, the water source supplies water to the water spraying pipe 44, namely, the peanuts are cleaned by the plurality of water dividing branch pipes 45 while moving along with the spiral feeder 48, the cleaned water flows out through the water leakage holes 50, and the peanuts can be cleaned in the moving process of the spiral feeder 48.
The collecting mechanism 42 further comprises a collecting box 52 and a drawer 53, wherein the collecting box 52 is arranged at one end of the feeding cylinder 49 far away from the power motor 47, the dryer 51 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the collecting box 52, the drawer 53 is arranged at the lower part of the collecting box 52, and the drawer 53 is in sliding connection with the collecting box 52. After the cleaned peanuts are conveyed into the collection box 52 through the screw feeder 48, the dryer 51 is started, the peanuts in the collection box 52 are dried by hot air, moisture attached to the surfaces of the peanuts is removed, and then an operator can pull the drawer 53 open to collect the dried peanuts.
The working method of the peanut harvesting and drying device comprises the following steps:
s1: when the device operates, a large amount of soil and branches and leaves are attached to the peanuts just pulled out of the ground, at the moment, an operator places the peanuts on the conveyor belt 1, the conveyor belt 1 conveys the peanuts from a low place to a high place, and then the peanuts fall off at the highest point of the conveyor belt 1;
s2: the dropped peanuts are treated by the separating mechanism 4, the separating mechanism 4 carries out preliminary separation on the peanuts, the massive soil and the massive branches and leaves, then the primarily separated branches and leaves soil is discharged from the separating mechanism 4, and the peanuts, the small soil and the scattered branches and leaves continue to fall.
S3: the fallen peanuts fall into the screening box 17, at the moment, the peanuts are separated from small soil blocks and scattered branches and leaves in the screening box 17, and finally the peanuts with a small amount of soil attached to the small soil blocks continue to fall;
s4: the falling peanut is transferred by the screw feeder 48 after passing through the storage hopper 43, the peanut is cleaned in the transfer process, finally the peanut attached with water stains is dried by the dryer 51, and an operator can collect the peanut after the surface of the peanut is dried.
The working principle of the device is as follows: when the device operates, a large amount of soil and branches and leaves are attached to peanuts just pulled out of the ground, at the moment, operators place the peanuts on the conveying belt 1, the conveying belt 1 conveys the peanuts from a low position to a high position, then the peanuts fall off at the highest point of the conveying belt 1, the fallen peanuts fall into the separating box 5 through the feeding hole 6, then the separating bracket 10 in the separating box 5 carries out preliminary separation on the peanuts, massive soil and branches and leaves, then the primarily separated branches and leaves soil is discharged from the discharging hole 7 of the separating box 5, and the peanuts, the small soil and the scattered branches and leaves continue to fall.
Subsequently, the driving motor 20 is started, the driving roller 21 is fixedly sleeved with the output end of the driving motor 20, the driving roller 21 rotates, at this time, the driving roller 19 connected with the driving roller 21 through the transmission belt 18 rotates, the driving roller 19 drives the driving gear 8 connected with the driving roller 19 to rotate, and at the same time, the driven roller 22 connected with the driving roller 21 through the driving belt 23 rotates, and in the process, the tensioner 24 continuously acts on the driving belt 23, so that the driving belt 23 is kept taut all the time. When the driving gear 8 rotates, the two driven gears 12 are meshed with the driving gear 8, the rotation of the driving gear 8 drives the two driven gears 12 to rotate, the rotation of the two driven gears 12 drives the two driven roller shafts 13 spliced with the two driven roller shafts 13 to rotate, the rotation of the two driven roller shafts 13 drives the two leaf removing brackets 14 sleeved with the two leaf removing brackets 14 to rotate, meanwhile, the rotation of the driving gear 8 also drives the driving roller shaft 9 spliced with the driving roller shafts 9 to rotate, the rotation of the driving roller shaft 9 drives the separating brackets 10 sleeved with the driving roller shafts, and attention is paid to that, at the moment, referring to fig. 10, the rotation direction of the two leaf removing brackets 14 is opposite to the rotation direction of the separating brackets 10, peanuts falling from the feed inlet 6 can climb on the separating inserting rods 11 of the separating brackets 10, and along with the rotation of the separating brackets 10, the separating bending rods 15 on the leaf removing brackets 14 close to the discharge outlet 7 can strip large soil and large pieces of the peanuts attached to the separating bending rods 15 on the leaf removing brackets 14 far away from the discharge outlet 7 can peel off the residual soil and the residual earthworms on the separating inserting rods 11. The residual peanut and small pieces of earth branches and leaves then continue to fall.
Meanwhile, the driven roller 22 can drive the eccentric roller shaft 26 connected with the driven roller 22 to rotate, and the eccentric roller shaft 26 is known to be connected with the screening box 17, the screening box 17 can be driven to shake when the eccentric roller shaft 26 rotates, the first vibration screen plate 25 and the second vibration screen plate 30 are connected with the screening box 17, the first vibration screen plate 25 and the second vibration screen plate 30 can shake, the screening box 17 can shake, the connecting sliding block 27 fixedly connected with the screening box 17 can displace in a short distance, and at the moment, the first buffer springs 28 arranged at the two ends of the connecting sliding block 27 can buffer the connecting sliding block 27, so that the connecting sliding block 27 is prevented from being blocked in the moving process. It should be noted that the diameter of the holes of the second vibrating screen plate 30 should be smaller than that of the first vibrating screen plate 25, otherwise the effect of sorting the peanuts cannot be achieved.
When the first vibration sieve plate 25 and the second vibration sieve plate 30 vibrate, the two double-shaft motors 33 are started, the four eccentric blocks 35 are respectively and fixedly sleeved outside the output ends of the two double-shaft motors 33, then the start of each double-shaft motor 33 drives the corresponding two eccentric blocks 35 to rotate, the two eccentric blocks 35 react to the corresponding double-shaft motors 33 when rotating, so that the double-shaft motors 33 shake, the upper ends of the double-shaft motors 33 are hinged with the fixing frames 34, the two sides of the double-shaft motors are connected with the fixing frames 34 through the positioning long pins 37 and the positioning long sleeves 38, shake of the double-shaft motors 33 acts on the fixing frames 34, the fixing frames 34 are fixedly connected with the vibration platform 32, shake of the fixing frames 34 drives the vibration platform 32 to shake, and then the two vibration platform 32 drives the third vibration sieve plate 31 connected with the two vibration platform to shake. In the process, the second buffer spring 36 provides buffer for the shake of the corresponding biaxial motor 33, and the return spring 40 provides buffer for the shake of the corresponding shake table 32. It should be noted that the direction of the shaking of the third shaking screen 31 should be opposite to the shaking direction of the first shaking screen 25 and the second shaking screen 30, and only when the directions are opposite, some small branches and leaves can be scraped off, and the scraped small branches and leaves can be blown off by the blower 39, so as to complete further sorting of the peanuts.
The peanuts falling from the third vibration sieve plate 31 are also stained with a small amount of soil, at this time, the falling peanuts fall into the feeding cylinder 49 through the storage hopper 43, then the power motor 47 is started, the water source supplies water to the water spray pipe 44, namely, the peanuts are washed by the plurality of water distribution branch pipes 45 while moving along with the screw feeder 48, the washed water flows out through the water leakage holes 50, and the peanuts can be washed in the moving process of the screw feeder 48. After the cleaned peanuts are conveyed into the collection box 52 through the screw feeder 48, the dryer 51 is started, the peanuts in the collection box 52 are dried by hot air, moisture attached to the surfaces of the peanuts is removed, and then an operator can pull the drawer 53 open to collect the dried peanuts.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. Peanut harvesting and drying device is characterized by comprising: the first supporting frame (2) plays a role of bearing; the conveying belt (1) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the first supporting frame (2) in an inclined state; the second support frame (3) is fixedly arranged beside the first support frame (2); the separation mechanism (4) comprises a separation bracket (10) and two leaf removing brackets (14), wherein the separation bracket (10) is arranged at the upper part of the second support frame (3), and the two leaf removing brackets (14) are symmetrically arranged relative to the separation bracket (10) in the horizontal direction; the screening mechanism (16) comprises a screening box (17), and the screening box (17) is arranged at the lower end of the separation bracket (10); the collecting mechanism (42) comprises a storage hopper (43), a spiral feeder (48) and a dryer (51), wherein the storage hopper (43) is arranged below the screening box (17), the spiral feeder (48) is arranged below the storage hopper (43), the dryer (51) is arranged at one end of the spiral feeder (48) far away from the storage hopper (43), the separating mechanism (4) comprises a separating box (5), a driving gear (8) and two driven gears (12), the separating box (5) is arranged at the upper end of the second supporting frame (3), a feed inlet (6) and a discharge opening (7) are formed on the separating box (5), the feed inlet (6) is arranged below the conveying belt (1), the driving gear (8) is arranged on the side wall of the separating box (5) far away from the discharge opening (7), the driving gear (8) and the separating bracket (10) are coaxially arranged, the two driven gears (12) are respectively arranged with two leaf removing brackets (14), the two driven gears (12) are meshed with the driving gear (8) simultaneously, the separating mechanism (4) comprises a feed inlet (6) and a plurality of roller shafts (13) and a plurality of separating rods (13) are formed on the separating rods (13), the driving roll shaft (9) is fixedly spliced with the separation bracket (10) in a coaxial line, the two driven roll shafts (13) are fixedly spliced with the two leaf removing brackets (14) in a coaxial line respectively, meanwhile, one end of the driving roll shaft (9) is fixedly spliced with the driving gear (8), the other end of the driving roll shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the separation box (5) through a bearing, peanuts falling from the feed inlet (6) can climb on the separation inserting rod (11) of the separation bracket (10), along with the rotation of the separation bracket (10), then the separation bending rod (15) on the leaf removing bracket (14) close to the discharge inlet (7) can strip large soil and large pieces of branches and leaves attached to the peanuts, and discharge from the discharge inlet (7), the separation bending rod (15) on the leaf removing bracket (14) far away from the discharge inlet (7) can strip residual peanuts and soil branches and leaves attached to the separation inserting rod (11), then the residual peanuts and small pieces of soil branches and leaves can continue to fall down, the screening mechanism (16) also comprises a transmission belt (18), a driving roller (19), a motor (20), a driving roller (21), a driven roller (20) and a driving roller (20) are arranged at one end (43) far away from the driving roller (8) and a tensioning device (43) which is arranged at the side of the driving roller (20), the driving roller (21) is fixedly sleeved with the output end of the driving motor (20), the driven roller (22) is arranged below the driving roller (19), one end of the driving belt (18) is in transmission connection with the driving roller (19), the other end of the driving belt (18) is in transmission connection with the driving roller (21), one end of the driving belt (23) is in transmission connection with the driving roller (21), the other end of the driving belt is in transmission connection with the driven roller (22), the tensioner (24) is arranged between the driven roller (22) and the driving roller (21), the tensioner (24) is matched and connected with the driving belt (23), the screening mechanism (16) further comprises a first vibration screen plate (25), an eccentric roller shaft (26), a second vibration screen plate (30), four connecting sliding blocks (27), eight first buffer springs (28) and eight buffer short pins (29), the eccentric roller shaft (26) is coaxially connected with the driven roller (22) after penetrating through the side wall of the screening box (17), the four connecting sliding blocks (27) are correspondingly arranged at two ends of two short sides of the screening box (17), the four connecting sliding blocks (27) are fixedly connected with the screening box (17), two buffer pins (29) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of each buffer pin (29) respectively, one end of each first buffer spring (28) is propped against the buffer short pin (29), the other end is propped against the connecting sliding block (27), the second vibration sieve plate (30) is arranged above the eccentric roller shaft (26) and is connected with the screening box (17), and the first vibration sieve plate (25) is arranged above the second vibration sieve plate (30) and is connected with the screening box (17);
the screening mechanism (16) further comprises a third vibration screen plate (31), two vibration platforms (32), two double-shaft motors (33), two fixing frames (34), four eccentric blocks (35), four second buffer springs (36), four positioning long pins (37), four positioning long sleeves (38), sixteen reset springs (40), eight reset long pins (41) and a plurality of fans (39), the third vibration screen plate (31) is arranged between the first vibration screen plate (25) and the second vibration screen plate (30), the third vibration screen plate (31) is in sliding connection with the screening box (17), the two vibration platforms (32) are fixedly arranged at two ends of the third vibration screen plate (31), the shaking direction of the third vibration screen plate (31) is opposite to the shaking direction of the first vibration screen plate (25) and the second vibration screen plate (30), one fixing frame (34) is fixedly arranged on each vibration platform (32), the two double-shaft motors (33) are correspondingly arranged at the lower parts of the two fixing frames (34), the two double-shaft motors (33) are respectively hinged with the two vibration screen plates (25) and the two double-shaft motors (33) are correspondingly arranged at two opposite to the two fixing frames (35) and the two vibration screen plates (30) are correspondingly arranged at two opposite ends of the two vibration screen plates (37), each positioning long pin (37) is hinged with the double-shaft motor (33), each positioning long pin (37) is sleeved with a positioning long sleeve (38), one end of each positioning long sleeve (38) away from the double-shaft motor (33) is hinged with the fixing frame (34), each positioning long sleeve (38) is sleeved with a second buffer spring (36), one end of each second buffer spring (36) is abutted with the double-shaft motor (33), the other end of each second buffer spring is abutted with the fixing frame (34), eight reset long pins (41) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at corners of two vibration platforms (32), sixteen reset springs (40) are arranged in pairs, two reset springs (40) are sleeved outside each reset long pin (41), the upper end of one reset spring (40) is abutted with the pin head of each reset long pin (41), the lower end of the other reset spring (40) is abutted with the vibration platform (32), the other end of the other reset spring (40) is abutted with the second support frame (3), and a plurality of fans (39) are arranged at equal intervals at the corners of the two vibration platforms (17) close to driven rollers (22).
2. The peanut harvesting and drying device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting mechanism (42) further comprises a water pipe (44), a power motor (47) and a feeding cylinder (49), the collecting hopper (43) is arranged below the vibration platform (32), the water spraying pipe (44) is arranged on one side, far away from the screening box (17), of the collecting hopper (43), one end of the water spraying pipe (44) is connected with a water source, a plurality of water dividing branch pipes (45) are formed at equal intervals in the axis direction at the lower end of the water spraying pipe (44), the water dividing branch pipes (45) extend out of the second supporting frame (3) and then are fixedly connected with the second supporting frame (3), the power motor (47) is arranged at the lower part of the second supporting frame (3), the spiral feeder (48) is fixedly connected with the output end of the power motor (47), the feeding cylinder (49) is coaxially arranged outside the spiral feeder (48), the upper end of the feeding cylinder (49) is fixedly connected with the water dividing branch pipes (45), and a plurality of water leakage holes (50) are formed at the lower end of the feeding cylinder (49).
3. The peanut harvesting and drying device according to claim 2, wherein the collecting mechanism (42) further comprises a collecting box (52) and a drawer (53), the collecting box (52) is arranged at one end of the feeding cylinder (49) far away from the power motor (47), the dryer (51) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the collecting box (52), the drawer (53) is arranged at the lower part of the collecting box (52), and the drawer (53) is in sliding connection with the collecting box (52).
4. A method of operating a peanut harvesting and drying apparatus comprising the peanut harvesting and drying apparatus of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: s1: when the device is operated, a large amount of soil and branches and leaves are attached to the peanuts just pulled out of the ground, at the moment, an operator places the peanuts on the conveying belt (1), the conveying belt (1) conveys the peanuts from a low place to a high place, and then the peanuts fall off at the highest point of the conveying belt (1); s2: the dropped peanuts are treated by a separating mechanism (4), the separating mechanism (4) carries out preliminary separation on the peanuts, the large soil and the large branches and leaves, then the preliminarily separated branches and leaves soil is discharged from the separating mechanism (4), and the peanuts, the small soil and the scattered branches and leaves continue to drop; s3: the fallen peanuts fall into a screening box (17), at the moment, the peanuts are separated from small soil blocks and scattered branches and leaves in the screening box (17), and finally the peanuts with a small amount of soil attached to the peanuts continue to fall; s4: the peanuts falling down are transferred by the screw feeder (48) after passing through the storage hopper (43), the peanuts are cleaned in the transfer process, finally the peanuts with the water stains attached to the peanuts are dried by the dryer (51), and an operator can collect the peanuts after the surfaces of the peanuts are dried.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211625560.7A CN115804288B (en) | 2022-12-16 | 2022-12-16 | Peanut harvesting and drying device and working method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211625560.7A CN115804288B (en) | 2022-12-16 | 2022-12-16 | Peanut harvesting and drying device and working method thereof |
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| CN115804288A CN115804288A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
| CN115804288B true CN115804288B (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| US4227538A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-10-14 | Long Manufacturing N.C., Inc. | Separator conveyor for peanut combine |
| CN202129211U (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-02-01 | 繁昌县华园米业有限责任公司 | Vibration cleaning screen |
| CN107810720A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-20 | 泰兴市金鳌机械制造有限公司 | One, which cultivates peanut, extracts cleaning drying integral machine |
| CN108633487A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of movement can screening type peanut picker |
| CN109332155A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-15 | 山东天智信息科技有限公司 | A kind of peanut picking screening machine |
| CN111183804A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-22 | 河北永发鸿田农机制造有限公司 | Flotation type fruit seedling separating device for peanut harvester |
| CN214282234U (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-09-28 | 陈玉青 | Large-scale wet and dry peanut picker |
-
2022
- 2022-12-16 CN CN202211625560.7A patent/CN115804288B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4227538A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-10-14 | Long Manufacturing N.C., Inc. | Separator conveyor for peanut combine |
| CN202129211U (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-02-01 | 繁昌县华园米业有限责任公司 | Vibration cleaning screen |
| CN107810720A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-20 | 泰兴市金鳌机械制造有限公司 | One, which cultivates peanut, extracts cleaning drying integral machine |
| CN108633487A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of movement can screening type peanut picker |
| CN109332155A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-15 | 山东天智信息科技有限公司 | A kind of peanut picking screening machine |
| CN111183804A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-22 | 河北永发鸿田农机制造有限公司 | Flotation type fruit seedling separating device for peanut harvester |
| CN214282234U (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-09-28 | 陈玉青 | Large-scale wet and dry peanut picker |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115804288A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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