CN211960151U

CN211960151U - Peanut seedling picking and separating device for peanut harvester

Info

Publication number: CN211960151U
Application number: CN202020267633.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李连辉; 郑万众; 杜凤永; 杜清华; 杜福根; 陈立东; 王志明; 李国昉
Original assignee: HEBEI YONGFA HONGTIAN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO LTD; Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: HEBEI YONGFA HONGTIAN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO LTD; Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-03-06
Filing date: 2020-03-06
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses a peanut seedling picking and separating device for peanut harvester belongs to peanut harvester technical field. Comb formula fruit picking device: the rear ends of the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom wall of the front fruit picking groove body are respectively connected with the front end parts of the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom wall of the rear fruit picking groove body; flotation type fruit and seedling separation device: the rear end parts of the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom wall of the front separation sieve tank body are respectively connected with the front end parts of the left side wall, the right side wall and the bottom wall of the rear separation sieve tank body; peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device: the left side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and the rear end part of the bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel are respectively connected with the left side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel and the front end part of the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separating channel. The fruit picking machine has the characteristics of clean fruit picking, low fruit shell crushing rate, high working efficiency and the like. Is suitable for the peanut seedlings whether being dry or wet stems.

Description

Peanut seedling picking and separating device for peanut harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a peanut harvester technical field.

Background

The planting range of peanuts in China is wide, and the peanut harvester plays an important role in the peanut harvesting process. Peanut harvesters generally adopt a beating type peanut picking mode to pick peanuts, peanut seedlings are driven to rotate at a high speed by a rotating device, the peanut seedlings are beaten on a net-shaped support in the rotating process, so that the peanuts are separated from the peanut seedlings under the action of gravity, the dropped peanuts and crushed seedling leaves fall into a fruit collecting bin at the bottom, and the peanut seedlings are thrown out from a peanut seedling outlet along with the rotation of the rotating device. The fruit picking mode has certain force requirement on beating peanut seedlings on the net-shaped support, needs a certain brute force, therefore, the rotating speed and the power of the rotating device have certain requirements, and when the peanut seedlings are beaten, some peanuts inevitably beat on the net-shaped support directly, so that the shells are easy to break, the peanut kernels lose the protection of the shells, the peanut seedlings are easy to mildew and deteriorate at the later stage, thereby influencing the peanut harvesting quality, meanwhile, because the humidity of the peanut seedlings is different, the force required for picking the peanuts is different, the requirements on the rotating speed of the rotating device are different, the over-high rotating speed easily causes the fruit shells to be broken, the over-low rotating force can influence the fruit picking rate, therefore, the peanut harvester adopting the beating type separation mode has the defects of high shell breakage rate, great influence of peanut seedling stem humidity on fruit picking rate and unstable fruit picking performance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a separator is plucked to peanut fruit seedling for peanut harvester, it has the fruit of plucking totally, and the shell percentage of damage is low, characteristics such as work efficiency height. Is suitable for the peanut seedlings whether being dry or wet stems.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:

a peanut seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester comprises a comb-type picking device and a flotation type seedling separating device, wherein the comb-type picking device comprises more than two picking mechanisms;

the fruit picking mechanism comprises a rack, a fruit picking roller and a fruit picking groove, the fruit picking roller comprises a fruit picking roller cylinder, fruit picking roller moving teeth are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller cylinder, the fruit picking roller cylinder is respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the rack through the left end and the right end of a rotating shaft of the fruit picking roller cylinder, the fruit picking roller is provided with a fruit picking roller transmission connecting part, the fruit picking groove comprises a fruit picking groove body and fixed teeth, the fruit picking groove body is positioned at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, the left side wall of the fruit picking groove body and the right side wall of the fruit picking groove body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack, at least one row of fixed teeth is arranged on the bottom wall of the fruit picking groove body, the fixed teeth are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the fruit picking roller from the left side wall of the fruit picking groove body to the right side wall of the fruit picking groove body, and gaps between the;

the combination mode of more than two fruit picking mechanisms forming the comb type fruit picking device is as follows: the left side wall of the front picking groove body, the right side wall of the picking groove body and the rear end of the bottom wall of the picking groove body are respectively connected with the left side wall of the rear picking groove body, the right side wall of the picking groove body and the front end part of the bottom wall of the picking groove body, the picking groove bodies connected together form a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type picking device, the left side wall of the picking groove bodies connected together, the right side wall of the picking groove bodies and the bottom wall of the picking groove bodies respectively form the left side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the picking roller moving teeth of two adjacent picking rollers are mutually embedded into the gap of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the picking roller rotating shafts of the picking rollers are intersected, so that the picking rollers seal the upper part of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, and the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is relatively sealed;

the power output shaft of an engine of the peanut harvester drives each picking roller to drive the connecting part to rotate through the transmission device, so that each picking roller runs in the same direction, peanut seedlings are pulled to the back from the front by picking roller moving teeth positioned in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, and each picking roller moving tooth penetrates through a gap between the fixed teeth, so that the peanut seedlings are pulled in opposite directions, and peanuts are pulled away from the peanut seedlings;

the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device comprises more than two flotation mechanisms;

the flotation mechanism comprises a rack, a fruit seedling separation roller and a groove type peanut separation sieve, wherein the fruit seedling separation roller and the fruit picking roller have the same structure: the fruit and seedling separating roller comprises a fruit and seedling separating roller drum, the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separating roller drum is uniformly provided with fruit and seedling separating roller moving teeth, the fruit and seedling separating roller drum is supported on the left side and the right side of the rack through the left end and the right end of a rotating shaft of the fruit and seedling separating roller drum respectively, the fruit and seedling separating roller is provided with a fruit and seedling separating roller transmission connecting component, the groove type peanut separating sieve is positioned at the bottom of the fruit and seedling separating roller, the groove type peanut separating sieve comprises a separating sieve groove body, the bottom wall of the separating sieve groove body is a sieve screen for screening peanuts, and the left side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove body and the right side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove;

the connection mode of more than two flotation mechanisms forming the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is as follows: the left side wall of the front separation sieve tank body, the right side wall of the separation sieve tank body and the rear end part of the bottom wall of the separation sieve tank body are respectively connected with the left side wall of the rear separation sieve tank body, the right side wall of the separation sieve tank body is connected with the front end part of the bottom wall of the separation sieve tank body, the separation sieve tank bodies which are connected together form a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, the left side wall of the separation sieve tank bodies which are connected together, the right side wall of the separation sieve tank body and the bottom wall of the separation sieve tank body respectively form the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, and the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and; the movable teeth of the fruit seedling separating rollers of two adjacent fruit seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the roller of the fruit seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that each fruit seedling separating roller seals the upper part of a fruit seedling separating channel, and the fruit seedling separating channels are relatively sealed;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each fruit-seedling separating roller to drive the connecting component to rotate through the transmission device, so that each fruit-seedling separating roller runs in the same direction, the peanut seedlings are pulled to the rear from the front by the fruit-seedling separating roller moving teeth in the fruit-seedling separating channel, the peanuts and the peanut seedlings in a separating state are stirred to be conveyed to the rear end in a tumbling rotating state, the peanuts fall off from the screen on the bottom wall of the fruit-seedling separating channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the fruit-seedling separating channel;

the peanut vine picking and separating device is mainly formed by connecting a comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and a flotation type fruit vine separating device at the rear end together in the following mode: the peanut picking and separating device comprises a left side wall of a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, a right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and a rear end part of a bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel are respectively connected with the left side wall of a fruit seedling separating channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel and a front end part of the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separating channel to form the peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channel, picking roller moving teeth of a rearmost picking roller in the comb-type picking device and fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth of a foremost fruit seedling separating roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separating device are mutually embedded into a gap of each other when connecting line positions of rotating shaft axes of the roller of the picking rollers and the fruit seedling separating rollers are intersected, so that the picking rollers and the fruit seedling and fruit picking separating channels are sealed, and the peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channels are relatively sealed.

The utility model discloses the further improvement lies in:

the fruit picking roller has the following uniform distribution mode of the fruit picking roller moving teeth on the outer surface of the fruit picking roller: the fruit picking roller movable teeth are arranged in an annular mode at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum to form circumferential fruit picking roller movable tooth groups, the fruit picking roller movable teeth are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller drum to form radial fruit picking roller movable tooth groups, each circumferential fruit picking roller movable tooth group is formed by arranging the fruit picking roller movable teeth in each radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group at an annular mode in the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum at intervals, each fruit picking roller movable tooth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, the arrangement position of the fruit picking roller movable teeth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group in the radial direction corresponds to each gap of the fixed teeth, and the arrangement distance of the fruit picking roller movable teeth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group in the radial direction is a fruit picking roller movable tooth dynamic distance; the uniform distribution mode of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller drum is as follows: the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum to form circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum to form radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is formed by arranging fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth in each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum, each fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth.

The bottom wall of the fruit picking groove body of each fruit picking mechanism is an arc-shaped body bottom wall, and the arc-shaped body bottom wall and the corresponding roller are coaxial; each fixed tooth in each fruit picking mechanism inclines to the rear, and is provided with an inclination angle adjusting structure: the fruit picking machine comprises a rack, a plurality of rows of fixed teeth, a rack, an angle adjusting handle, a plurality of angle adjusting holes, a bolt, an angle adjusting handle and a bolt, wherein the fixed teeth are fixed on the fixed teeth angle adjusting shafts at intervals, the fixed teeth angle adjusting shafts are positioned below the bottom wall of a fruit picking groove body, the left end and the right end of each fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the rack, the bottom wall of the fruit picking groove body is transversely provided with strip-shaped holes for screening away sundries, the fixed teeth penetrate through the strip-shaped holes in the bottom wall of the fruit picking groove body from the bottom and extend into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, the end part of each fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft is radially fixed with the angle adjusting handle, the angle adjusting handle is provided with positioning holes, the rack is provided with a plurality of.

The bottom wall of the separation sieve trough body of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall of the separation sieve trough body is coaxial with the corresponding roller, and the bottom wall of the separation sieve trough body is fixed on the rack through a spring.

The comb-type fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device is inclined upwards from front to back; the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms, and a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is horizontally arranged.

The fruit picking rolling teeth in each fruit picking mechanism, each fixed tooth and each fruit seedling separating rolling tooth are elastic teeth, each elastic tooth is formed by extending the end part of a spiral spring to the axial vertical plane direction of the spiral spring, the axial lead of the spiral spring is parallel to the axial lead of each roller, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the fixed roller, and the fruit picking rolling teeth and the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth are inclined towards the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller.

The picking roller and the seedling separating roller are hollow-out rollers; the dynamic spacing of the movable teeth of the fruit picking roller in each comb-type fruit picking device is gradually reduced from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually decreased from front to back.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:

comb formula fruit picking device:

the utility model designs a comb-comb type picking device according to the characteristic that peanut seedlings are in flexible branch tendril shapes with toughness and peanuts are in larger grains, so as to pick off the peanuts in a comb-comb type picking mode, the comb-comb type picking device consists of more than two picking mechanisms, when the peanut seedlings enter a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel formed by the comb-comb type picking device, because the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is above, below, left side and right side are relatively closed, each picking roller runs in the same direction under the driving of a transmission device, so that the picking roller movable teeth run in the same direction from front to back in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the peanut seedlings are pulled to the back from the front, because the peanut seedlings are in flexible branch tendril shapes with toughness, the picking roller movable teeth can be wound on the picking roller movable teeth in the backward conveying process, when each picking roller movable tooth passes through a gap between fixed teeth, the fixed teeth on two sides of the picking roller movable teeth can extrude the peanut seedlings and separate the peanut in opposite directions, because the peanuts are large particles and are attached to the relatively flexible peanut seedlings, the peanuts can be extruded from the interior of the peanut seedlings in the extrusion process, and in the splitting process, the peanuts outside the peanut seedlings and the peanuts extruded from the interior of the peanut seedlings are attached (supported) to the peanut seedlings and generate acting force when the peanuts are in front contact with the fixed teeth of the picking roller, so that the fixed teeth of the picking roller generate reacting force on the peanuts to pick the peanuts from the peanut seedlings. The comb-type fruit picking device is used for forcibly kneading and directly acting in the fruit picking process, so that the stems of the peanut seedlings are not affected no matter the stems are dry or wet in the fruit picking process, and the fruit picking mode is different from a beating type separation mode, so that the fruit shell breakage rate is reduced to a great extent; because the fruit picking roller moving teeth are arranged in a radial direction, peanut seedlings are fixed only relative to the circumferential direction of the ring fruit picking roller moving teeth, and the length direction of the fruit picking roller moving teeth is not fixed, when the fruit picking roller moving teeth rotate from bottom to top to carry the peanut seedlings to the upper part of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the fruit picking roller moving teeth of two adjacent fruit picking rollers are mutually embedded into opposite gaps when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the fruit picking roller rotating shafts of the two adjacent fruit picking rollers are crossed, so that each fruit picking roller closes the upper part of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the peanut seedlings which are carried by the fruit picking roller moving teeth to the upper part are pulled off by the fruit picking roller moving teeth which rotate from top to bottom at the adjacent rear part, and therefore, the peanut seedlings are conveyed backwards by each fruit picking roller moving tooth in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, and the peanut seedlings are picked again by the rear fruit picking mechanism for picking the residual peanuts in the peanut seedlings, thereby ensuring the picking rate of the peanuts.

Flotation type fruit and seedling separation device:

the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device consists of more than two flotation mechanisms, when the separated peanut seedlings and peanuts enter a fruit and seedling separation channel formed by the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, because the upper part, the left side and the right side of the fruit-seedling separation channel are relatively closed, each fruit-seedling separation roller is driven by the transmission device to run in the same direction, the fruit-seedling separation roller moving teeth rotate in the same direction from front to back in the fruit-seedling separation channel, so that the peanut seedlings are pulled to the back from the front by the fruit-seedling separation roller moving teeth, thereby stirring the peanuts in the separation state and the peanut seedlings in a tumbling rotation state and conveying the peanuts to the rear end, the peanuts fall off from the screen on the bottom wall of the peanut seedling separation channel, the screened peanuts fall into the peanut collecting device positioned below the peanut seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the peanut seedling separation channel, so that the peanut seedling separation is completed in the conveying process. Because the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are arranged in a radial direction, peanut seedlings are only fixed in the circumferential direction relative to the movable teeth of the ring-shaped fruit-seedling separation rollers, and the length direction of the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers is not fixed, when the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers rotate from bottom to top to bring the peanut seedlings to the upper part of the fruit-seedling separation channel, because the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers of two adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of the two adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are crossed, so that each fruit-seedling separation roller seals the upper part of the fruit-seedling separation channel, the peanut seedlings brought to the upper part by the movable teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers are stirred down by the movable teeth of the adjacent fruit-seedling separation rollers rotating from top to bottom, and then the peanut seedlings are conveyed backwards by the movable teeth of each fruit-seedling separation roller in the fruit-seedling separation channel, and in, and is screened again by a screen of a flotation mechanism at the rear part, thereby ensuring the screening rate of the peanuts.

Peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device:

the peanut seedling picking and separating device is formed by connecting a comb-type picking device at the front end with a flotation type seedling separating device at the rear end, a peanut seedling picking and separating channel formed by the comb-type picking device and a seedling separating channel formed by the flotation type seedling separating device are connected together to form a peanut seedling picking and separating channel, the peanut seedling picking and separating channel is formed by the backward rotation of the picking roller moving teeth and the seedling separating roller moving teeth in the channel to generate power for conveying peanut seedlings from an inlet at the front end of the channel to an outlet at the rear end of the channel, in the conveying process, peanut seedlings which are not subjected to picking firstly carry out seedling picking through a peanut seedling picking channel and then carry out seedling separation through a peanut seedling separation channel, screened peanuts fall into a peanut collecting device positioned below the peanut seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the peanut seedling separation channel, so that peanut picking and primary separation are completed in the peanut seedling picking and separation channel.

The fruit picking machine has the characteristics of clean fruit picking, low fruit shell crushing rate, high working efficiency and the like. Is suitable for the peanut seedlings whether being dry or wet stems.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a left side view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the picker mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a left side view of the grate picker assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a left side view of the flotation mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a left side view of the flotation type seedling separator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is an isometric view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a left side view of the peanut harvester;

FIG. 15 is an isometric view of FIG. 14;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the air-separation type peanut collecting device in fig. 14;

FIG. 17 is a left side elevational view of the air-swept peanut collecting device with the left side wall of the air-swept channel and the right side wall of the air-swept channel removed;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of the vibratory screening mechanism of FIG. 16;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the bi-directional balanced vibratory mechanism of FIG. 18;

fig. 20 is a schematic view showing a structure of the blowing device of fig. 16;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of the peanut receiving guide slot of FIG. 18;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the peanut stem picking mechanism of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the stem picking plate of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the stem picking saw of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a left side view of the rear vibratory conveying screen of FIG. 18;

FIG. 26 is an isometric view of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a left side elevational view of the peanut wind delivery bin assembly of FIG. 14;

FIG. 28 is an isometric view of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is a front view of the peanut vine shredding and collecting device of FIG. 14;

FIG. 30 is a left side view of FIG. 29;

FIG. 31 is a schematic illustration of the construction of the excavation conveyor of FIG. 14;

FIG. 32 is a left side view of the vibrating soil shaking structure of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is an isometric view of FIG. 32;

fig. 34 is an assembly view of fig. 32.

In the drawings: 1. excavating a conveyor; 1-1, digging a coulter of the conveyor; 1-2, vibrating the rotating shaft by the coulter; 1-3, excavating a conveyor frame; 1-4, a coulter connecting rod; 1-5. eccentric sleeve; 1-6. bearings; 1-7, bearing seat; 1-8, arranging a guard plate on the coulter; 1-8-1. connecting plate of upper guard plate bracket; 1-9, mounting a supporting sheet on the coulter; 1-10, a colter lower supporting sheet; 1-11, a pallet support; 1-11-1. a first bar-shaped connecting block; 1-11-2. a second strip-shaped connecting block; 1-12, pressing the roller; 1-13, adjusting the height of the nut; 1-14. a height adjusting screw; 1-15, excavating a depth transmission gear; 2. conveying chain harrow; 3. a frame; 4. a fruit picking roller; 5. picking the fruit roller to move the teeth; 6. a roller rotating shaft of the fruit picking roller; 7. fixing teeth; 8. the left side wall of the fruit picking groove body; 9. the right side wall of the fruit picking groove body; 10, picking the bottom wall of the tank body of the fruit tank; 11. a rotating shaft of a roller of the fruit-seedling separation roller; 12. the bottom wall of the separating screen trough body; 13, the left side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve body; 14. the right side wall of the groove type peanut separating sieve body; 15. the fruit seedling separation roller drives the tooth; 16. the left side wall of the air separation channel; 17. the right side wall of the air separation channel; 18. a blowing device; 18-1. a fan blade rotating shaft of the blower; 18-2. a housing of a blower; 19. collecting the peanut; 20. the front end vibrates and conveys the comb screen; 20-1, vibrating the conveying platen; 20-2, combing; 21. the peanut receiving guide groove; 21-1, left side guide groove wall; 21-2, right side guide groove wall; 21-3, bottom wall of guide groove; 22. the rear end vibrates and conveys the perforated screen; 22-1. a wind pressure feedback groove; 22-1-1. a front strip plate of the rear end vibration conveying leakage screen; 22-1-2, vibrating and conveying a rear ribbon board of the perforated screen at the rear end; 22-2. sieve wall; 23. a vibration mechanism shaft; 24. a vibrating screen connecting rod; 25. a rocker arm; 26. a rocker arm shaft; 27. a shank saw drive component; 28. a height adjustable structure; 29. fixing a tooth angle adjusting shaft; 30. an angle adjustment handle; 31. an angle adjustment hole; 32. a bolt; 33. a spring; 34. a left side grate screen connecting rod; 35. a left side hanger link; 36. hoisting the beam; 37. a peanut broken seedling conveying fan; 38. a peanut seedling conveying air duct; 39. a peanut broken seedling storage bin; 40. a crushing chamber housing; 41. a seedling crushing reamer rotating shaft; 42. smashing a seedling reamer; 43. crushing the seedlings and fixing a cutter; 44. a peanut collecting tank funnel; 45. a blower; 46. an air volume adjusting flashboard; 47. an air inlet cylinder; 48. a fruit feeding air cylinder; 49. a peanut bin; 50. a piston-type actuator; 51. a fruit conveying guide cylinder; 52. a fruit seedling separation roller; 53. the fruit picking roller transmission connecting component; 54. the fruit-seedling separating roller drives the connecting part; 55. picking a fruit stem saw; 56. the stem-removing saw is fixed on the shaft.

The drive arrangement in this application uses peanut harvester's power take off as the power source, carries out power transmission's device through transmission structure, including gear drive structure, sprocket drive structure and speed change gear's prior art device.

The orientation description in the application is based on the orientation of the peanut harvester, and the transverse direction refers to the left and right directions of the peanut harvester.

The transmission part in this application refers to the drive gear, the part that can carry out transmission connection such as drive pulley.

This application wind selection passageway left side wall, selection by winnowing passageway right side wall plucks the left side wall of fruit groove cell body, plucks the right side wall of fruit groove cell body and fixes fixed structure as an organic whole with the frame, can equate the frame.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

For convenience of explanation, the peanut harvester using the comb-type peanut picking device will be described in detail as an example.

As can be seen from the embodiments shown in fig. 1-34, the present embodiment comprises a pickup or digging conveyor 1, a conveying rake 2, a seedling separator and a peanut collecting device; the fruit and seedling separator comprises a peanut and seedling picking and separating device and a transmission device;

the peanut vine picking and separating device comprises a comb-type fruit picking device and a flotation type fruit vine separating device;

the comb-type fruit picking device comprises more than two fruit picking mechanisms;

the fruit picking mechanism comprises a frame 3, a fruit picking roller and a fruit picking groove, the fruit picking roller comprises a fruit picking roller cylinder 4, fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller cylinder 4, the fruit picking roller cylinder 4 is respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3 through the left end and the right end of a fruit picking roller cylinder rotating shaft 6, the fruit picking roller is provided with a fruit picking roller transmission connecting part 53, the fruit picking groove comprises a fruit picking groove body and a fixed tooth 7, the fruit picking groove body is positioned at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, a left side wall 8 of the fruit picking groove body and a right side wall 9 of the fruit picking groove body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the frame 3, at least one row of fixed teeth 7 are arranged on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body, the fixed teeth 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 of the fruit picking roller from the left side wall 8 of the fruit picking groove body to the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking groove body, and gaps between the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 of the fruit picking roller and the fixed teeth 7 correspond;

the combination mode of more than two fruit picking mechanisms forming the comb type fruit picking device is as follows: the rear ends of the left side wall 8, the right side wall 9 and the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body in the front are respectively connected with the left side wall 8, the right side wall 9 and the front end of the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body in the back, the connected fruit picking groove bodies form a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device, the connected left side wall 8 of the fruit picking groove body, the right side wall 9 and the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body respectively form the left side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 of two adjacent fruit picking rollers are mutually embedded into a gap when the connecting line positions of the axes of the fruit picking roller rotating shafts 6 of the two fruit picking rollers are crossed, so that the fruit picking rollers can pick the peanut seedling and fruit above the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel in a closed mode, thereby relatively closing the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each picking roller to drive the connecting part 53 to rotate through the transmission device, so that each picking roller runs in the same direction, peanut seedlings are pulled to the rear from the front by the picking roller teeth 5 positioned in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, and each picking roller tooth 5 passes through a gap between the fixed teeth 7, so that the peanut seedlings are pulled in opposite directions to pull the peanuts from the peanut seedlings;

the flotation mechanism comprises a frame 3, a fruit seedling separation roller and a groove type peanut separation sieve, wherein the fruit seedling separation roller and the fruit picking roller have the same structure: the fruit and seedling separating roller comprises a fruit and seedling separating roller drum 52, the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separating roller drum 52 is uniformly provided with fruit and seedling separating roller moving teeth 15, the fruit and seedling separating roller drum 52 is supported on the left side and the right side of the rack 3 through the left end and the right end of a fruit and seedling separating roller drum rotating shaft 11 respectively, the fruit and seedling separating roller is provided with a fruit and seedling separating roller transmission connecting part 54, the groove type peanut separating sieve is positioned at the bottom of the fruit and seedling separating roller, the groove type peanut separating sieve comprises a separating sieve groove body, the bottom wall 12 of the separating sieve groove body is a sieve for sieving peanuts, and the left side wall 13 of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove body and the right side wall 14 of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove body are fixed on;

the connection mode of more than two flotation mechanisms forming the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is as follows: the left side wall 13 of the front separating screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separating screen groove body and the rear end part of the bottom wall 12 of the separating screen groove body are respectively connected with the left side wall 13 of the rear separating screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separating screen groove body is connected with the front end part of the bottom wall 12 of the separating screen groove body, the separating screen groove bodies which are connected together form a fruit seedling separating channel of the flotation type fruit seedling separating device, the left side wall 13 of the separating screen groove body which is connected together, the right side wall 14 of the separating screen groove body and the bottom wall 12 of the separating screen groove body respectively form the left side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel and the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separating; the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 of two adjacent fruit seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts 11 of the fruit seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that each fruit seedling separating roller seals the upper part of a fruit seedling separating channel, and the fruit seedling separating channels are relatively sealed;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each fruit-seedling separating roller to drive the connecting component 54 to rotate through the transmission device, so that each fruit-seedling separating roller runs in the same direction, the fruit-seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 in the fruit-seedling separating channel pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the back, so that the peanuts and the peanut seedlings in a separating state are stirred to be conveyed to the rear end in a tumbling rotating state, the peanuts fall off from the screen mesh on the bottom wall of the fruit-seedling separating channel, the screened peanuts fall into the peanut collecting device below the fruit-seedling separating channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the outlet at the rear end of the fruit-seedling separating channel;

the peanut vine picking and separating device is mainly formed by connecting a comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and a flotation type fruit vine separating device at the rear end together in the following mode: the peanut picking device comprises a left side wall of a peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, a right side wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel and a rear end part of a bottom wall of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel are respectively connected with the left side wall of a fruit seedling separating channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separating channel and a front end part of the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separating channel to form the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, picking roller moving teeth 5 of a rearmost picking roller in the comb-type fruit picking device and fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 of a foremost fruit seedling separating roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separating device are mutually embedded into a gap of each other when connecting line positions of rotating shaft axes of the roller of the picking rollers and the flotation type fruit seedling separating device are intersected, so that the picking rollers and the fruit seedling and fruit picking separating channels are sealed, and the peanut seedling and fruit picking separating channels are relatively sealed;

the front end of the peanut vine and fruit picking and separating channel is connected with the rear end of the conveying chain harrow 2 and is used for containing peanut fruit seedlings conveyed by the conveying chain harrow 2, and the rear end of the peanut vine and fruit picking and separating channel is a peanut seedling outlet.

The peanut collecting device is a winnowing type peanut collecting device and comprises a rack 3, a winnowing channel left side wall 16, a winnowing channel right side wall 17, a vibration transmission screening mechanism, a blowing device 18 and a peanut collecting tank 19;

the top end of the left side wall 16 of the air separation channel and the top end of the right side wall 17 of the air selection channel are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottom end of the left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and the bottom end of the right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, so that a vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity is formed below the fruit seedling separation channel;

the vibration transmission screening mechanism comprises a front vibration transmission comb screen 20, a rear peanut screening guide structure and a bidirectional balance vibration mechanism;

the front end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 comprises a vibrating conveying bedplate 20-1 and a comb 20-2, the vibrating conveying bedplate 20-1 is arranged at the position below the front part of the fruit seedling separation channel, used for receiving peanuts screened from the front part of the fruit-seedling separation channel and crushed seedling miscellaneous leaves, the comb 20-2 is a row of comb teeth which are transversely arranged at the rear end of the vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 at equal intervals, the length specifications of the comb teeth are more than two, and the comb teeth with the same length specification have equal space so that the space of the comb teeth is gradually widened from front to back, when the peanut and the crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves conveyed to the rear end by the vibration conveying bedplate 20-1 pass through the comb 20-2, screening peanuts and crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves with corresponding sizes according to the interval width specification of comb teeth to fall down, so that the peanuts fall down from the gap of the comb teeth at the front end of the comb 20-2, and the crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves are scattered from front to back and fall below the comb 20-2 according to the sequence from small to large;

the rear-end peanut screening and guiding structure comprises a peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 and a rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 is a groove body mainly composed of a left-side guiding groove wall 21-1, a right-side guiding groove wall 21-2 and a guiding groove bottom wall 21-3 which is inclined downwards from back to front, the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 seals an opening above a groove cavity of the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 at a position above a cavity of the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21 and is connected with the peanut receiving and guiding groove 21, the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 is positioned below the rear part of the peanut and seedling separating channel and below a comb 20-2 of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and is used for receiving screened peanuts and crushed and impurity seedlings at the rear part of the peanut and crushed and impurity seedlings falling from a comb gap of the comb 20-2 at the rear end part of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, the rear end peanut screening guide structure seals the lower end opening of the rear part of the vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity, and therefore an opening formed at the rear end of the vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity is an air separation crushed seedling and impurity leaf outlet;

the bidirectional balance vibration mechanism drives the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut screening guide structure to vibrate in an anti-parallel manner so as to counteract destructive force of the whole vibration of the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut screening guide structure on equipment;

the blowing device 18 is arranged at the front end of the peanut receiving guide groove 21, a blowing air channel formed by the blowing device 18 is upwards inclined from an air outlet of the blowing device 18, passes through a sieve pore of the rear-end vibrating and conveying sieve pore sieve 22 through a cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 and is discharged from a discharge port for air separation and seedling crushing and impurity leaf conveying;

when peanuts and crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves falling from a comb tooth gap of the comb 20-2 at the rear end part of the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 drop downwards from the rear part of the separation channel of the comb 20 and the crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves and the screened peanuts and crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves drop downwards through the air duct, the peanuts fall into a groove cavity of the peanut bearing guide groove 21 through a screen hole of the rear-end vibration conveying perforated screen 22 due to the gravity effect, the smaller crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves are blown out by wind to sort the crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves outlet, the larger crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaves fall on the rear-end vibration conveying perforated screen 22, and the air-separated crushed seedling and miscellaneous leaf outlet is conveyed backwards through the rear-end vibration conveying perforated screen 22;

the peanut collecting groove 19 is located below the front end of the cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 and is used for receiving peanuts falling off due to vibration of the cavity of the peanut receiving guide groove 21.

The bidirectional balance vibration mechanism of the vibration transmission screening mechanism comprises a frame 3, a vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23, a pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures and a transmission device, wherein the left end and the right end of the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3 in a rolling manner, the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 is provided with a transmission part, the pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures are arranged on the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 in a bilateral symmetry manner, the pair of vibration sieve transverse reciprocating motion structures are the same and comprise an eccentric connecting rod seat, a vibration sieve connecting rod 24 and a rocker arm 25, the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of a bearing through an eccentric sleeve, the front end of the vibration sieve connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing through the bearing seat, the bearing seat is combined together according to the structure, the bearing and the eccentric connecting rod seat are formed by the eccentric, the upper end parts of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively hinged with the left side and the right side of the rear end part of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, the lower end parts of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively hinged with the left side and the right side of the front end of the rear-end peanut screening guide structure, and the rear end of the vibrating screen connecting rod 24 is hinged with the rocker arms 25;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives the transmission part arranged on the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 to rotate through the transmission device, so that the vibration mechanism rotating shaft 23 rotates, the rocker arm 25 swings back and forth by taking the frame connecting rocker arm rotating shaft 26 as an axis, and the front end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear end vibration conveying perforated screen 22 are driven to vibrate back and forth in a reverse direction to convey materials to the rear end.

The blowing device 18 is composed of a plurality of blowers arranged side by side in the transverse direction: the all blowers share a fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the left end and the right end of the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3, the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 is provided with a transmission connecting part, the shell 18-2 of each blower is arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 at intervals, the shell 18-2 of each blower is fixedly connected with the frame 3, the shell 18-2 of each blower is rotatably connected with the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the fan blades of each blower are positioned in the respective shell 18-2 and are circumferentially and circularly arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission part arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive the fan blades of each blower to rotate to generate wind energy.

The peanut receiving guide groove of the winnowing type peanut collecting device is provided with a peanut stem picking mechanism: the fruit picking handle disc comprises a plurality of fruit picking handle saws 55 and a fruit picking handle saw fixing shaft 56, the fruit picking handle saws 55 are circular sawtooth blades, and the fruit picking handle saws are fixed on the fruit picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 at intervals;

a row of peanut picking handle saw groove holes 21-3-1 are formed in the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove 21 of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 at intervals, a row of peanut picking handle saw groove holes 21-3-1 are arranged in parallel in the front-back direction, the width of each peanut picking handle saw groove hole 21-3-1 is matched with the thickness of a peanut picking handle saw 55, and the distance between the peanut picking handle saw groove holes 21-3-1 is matched with the distance between the peanut picking handle saws 55 of the peanut picking handle disc;

the picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 is transversely arranged below the peanut receiving guide groove 21, the left end and the right end of the picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the frame 3, a handle saw transmission part 27 is fixed at one end of the picking handle saw fixing shaft, the upper part of the picking handle saw 55 of each picking handle disc is embedded into each picking handle saw groove hole 21-3-1 at the corresponding position, a picking handle saw groove hole 21-3-1 part corresponding to the saw teeth at the front end of each picking handle saw 55 forms a fruit handle bracket, and the saw teeth of each picking handle saw 55 incline towards the rotating direction, so that the fruit handle positioned at the fruit handle bracket cannot slip when being subjected to the downward shearing force of the saw teeth of the picking handle saw 55;

the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the stem saw transmission part 27 arranged on the stem saw fixing shaft 56 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive the fruit picking stem saws 55 of each fruit picking stem disc to rotate forwards from back in the groove cavities of the peanut receiving guide grooves 21, and therefore the sawteeth of each fruit picking stem saw 55 cut off the fruit stems positioned at the position under the support of the groove edges of the corresponding fruit stem bracket;

the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove 21 for bearing the peanuts is composed of metal strips arranged at intervals from front to back, and saw slot holes 21-3-1 of the peanut picking handle are formed in gaps among the metal strips.

The two fruit picking handle discs are arranged in parallel front and back; the spacing distance between the stem-picking saw and the stem-picking saw fixing shaft 56 is 4 cm-6 cm.

The left side and the right side of the front end of the rear vibrating conveying perforated sieve 22 are respectively hinged with a left guide groove wall 21-1 and a right guide groove wall 21-2 of the peanut receiving guide groove 21, and a height adjustable structure 28 is arranged between the rear end of the rear vibrating conveying perforated sieve 22 and the rear end of the peanut receiving guide groove 21 so as to adjust the forward inclination of the rear vibrating conveying perforated sieve 22;

the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 mainly comprises air pressure feedback grooves 22-1 which are arranged in the left-right direction and are arranged and fixed on a screen side 22-2 at intervals in the front-back direction, gaps among the air pressure feedback grooves 22-1 form strip-shaped screen holes, notches of the air pressure feedback grooves 22-1 face downwards to enable air flow blown into a groove cavity of the air pressure feedback grooves 22-1 by a blowing device 18 to return to the top and feed back to the incoming air direction, the air flow is converged together with the air flow in the incoming air direction to form more abundant air flow which upwards passes through the screen holes, air flow with balanced air speed and balanced air pressure is formed above the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, the air pressure feedback grooves 22-1 are formed by connecting the tops of front ribbon boards 22-1-1 and rear ribbon boards 22-1-2 in a sealing mode, the front ribbon boards 22-1-1 are inclined from front to back, and the front ribbon boards 22-1-1 which are arranged at intervals are combined The wind direction of direction leads the window.

The peanut harvester is also provided with a peanut air feeding device, the peanut air feeding device comprises a peanut collecting tank funnel 44, an air blower 45, an air quantity adjusting flashboard 46, an air inlet cylinder 47, a peanut feeding air cylinder 48, a peanut bin 49 and a transmission device, the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is positioned at the bottom of the peanut collecting tank 19, an upper opening of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is communicated with the bottom of the peanut collecting tank 19, the right side of the bottom of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 is provided with an air inlet, the left side of the bottom of the peanut collecting tank funnel is provided with a feeding port, the peanut bin 49 is positioned at the top of the frame 3, the air blower 45 is fixed at the right side of the frame 3, an air outlet of the air blower 45 is communicated with the air inlet of the peanut collecting tank funnel 44 through the air inlet cylinder 47, the air quantity adjusting flashboard 46 is arranged on the air inlet cylinder 47, and a lower port of the, the upper end port of the blower is communicated with a peanut bin 49, a transmission connecting part is arranged on a rotating shaft of the blower 45, and a power output shaft of an engine of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting part arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower 45 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive fan blades of the blower 45 to rotate, so that the blower 45 generates wind energy and sends peanuts located in a peanut collecting tank funnel 44 into the peanut bin 49.

The peanut bin 49 of the peanut wind feeding device of the peanut harvester has a self-discharging structure: the bottom of the right side of the peanut bin 49 is hinged with the rack 3 to form a peanut bin hinged end, and at least one piston type actuating mechanism 50 is arranged between the peanut bin 49 and the rack 3 and used for lifting the peanut bin 49 to pour peanuts; the communicating structure of the upper port of the peanut air duct 48 and the peanut bin 49 is as follows: the bottom wall of the peanut bin 49 is provided with a peanut feeding air duct insertion hole matched with the diameter of the peanut feeding air duct 48 at a position corresponding to the upper part of the peanut feeding air duct 48, the bottom port of the peanut feeding guide tube 51 is hermetically connected with the upper end edge of the peanut feeding air duct insertion hole, the peanut feeding guide tube 51 vertically extends upwards from the upper end of the peanut feeding air duct insertion hole to the top of the peanut bin 49, then the peanut feeding air duct is opened by turning in a lateral direction, and the upper part of the peanut feeding air duct 48 is in insertion fit with the lower part of the peanut feeding guide tube 51.

The fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit picking roller drum 4 in the following mode: the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are annularly arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4 to form circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth groups, the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4 to form radial fruit picking roller moving tooth groups, each circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth group is formed by arranging the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 in each radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4, each fruit picking roller moving tooth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, the arrangement positions of the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group in the radial direction correspond to gaps of the fixed teeth 7, the arrangement distance of the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group in the radial direction is the fruit picking roller moving tooth dynamic distance, and the fruit picking roller moving tooth dynamic distance is 5 cm-15 cm; the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth 15 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller 52 in the following manner: the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form circumferential fruit seedling separating rolling teeth groups, the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are arranged in an annular manner at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group is formed by arranging the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth 15 in each radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52, each fruit seedling separating rolling tooth 15 in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating rolling teeth group is arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction, the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth, and the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth is 5 cm-15 cm.

The fruit picking rolling teeth 5, the fixed teeth 7 and the seedling separating rolling teeth 15 in each fruit picking mechanism are elastic teeth, the elastic teeth are formed by extending the tail end part of a spiral spring to the axial vertical surface direction of the spiral spring, the axial lead of the spiral spring is parallel to the axial lead of each roller, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the roller fixed by the elastic teeth, and the fruit picking rolling teeth 5 and the seedling separating rolling teeth 15 are inclined to the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller;

the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body of each fruit picking mechanism is an arc-shaped bottom wall, and the arc-shaped bottom wall and the corresponding roller are coaxial; each fixed tooth 7 in the fruit picking mechanism inclines backwards and is provided with an inclination angle adjusting structure: the fixed teeth 7 of each row are fixed on a fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 at intervals, the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 is positioned below the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body, the left end and the right end of the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29 are respectively and rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the frame 3, bar-shaped holes for screening away miscellaneous soil are transversely arranged on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body at intervals, each fixed tooth 7 penetrates through the bar-shaped hole on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking groove body from the bottom and extends into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, an angle adjusting handle 30 is radially fixed to an end of the fixed tooth angle adjusting shaft 29, a positioning hole is formed in the angle adjusting handle 30, a plurality of angle adjusting holes 31 corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjusting handle 30 are arranged on the frame 3, when the bolt 32 is inserted into each different angle adjusting hole 31 through the positioning hole on the angle adjusting handle 30, each fixed tooth 7 corresponds to a different inclination angle;

the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device is inclined upwards from front to back;

the bottom wall 12 of the separation sieve trough body of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall 12 of the separation sieve trough body is coaxial with the corresponding roller, and the bottom wall 12 of the separation sieve trough body is fixed on the rack 3 through a spring 33;

the vibratory conveying platen 20-1 of the front vibratory conveying grate 20 is supported on the air separation channel left side wall 16 and the air separation channel right side wall 17 on the front left and right sides by a left side grate link 34 and a right side grate link, respectively: the upper end of the left-side grate screen connecting rod 34 is hinged with the left side of the front end of the vibration conveying platen 20-1 through a damping sleeve, the lower end of the left-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the left side wall 16 of the air separation channel through the damping sleeve, the upper end of the right-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side of the front end of the vibration conveying platen through the damping sleeve, and the lower end of the right-side grate screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side wall of the air separation channel through the;

the peanut accepting guide groove 21 is hoisted on the left side wall 16 of the winnowing channel and the right side wall 17 of the winnowing channel through a guide groove hanger: the guide groove hanger comprises a left hanger connecting rod 35, a right hanger connecting rod and a hanger beam 36, the lower ends of the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hanger connecting rod are hinged with the left end of the hanger beam 36 and the right end of the hanger beam 36 through shock-absorbing sleeves respectively, the upper ends of the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hanger connecting rod are hinged with the left side wall 16 of the winnowing channel and the right side wall 17 of the winnowing channel through shock-absorbing sleeves respectively, and the hanger beam 36 is fixed at the bottom of the peanut receiving guide groove 21;

the comb-type fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms.

The picking roller drum 4 and the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 are hollow-out structure drums;

the dynamic spacing of the movable teeth of the fruit picking roller in each comb-type fruit picking device is gradually reduced from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually decreased from front to back.

The peanut harvester also comprises a peanut vine smashing and collecting device: comprises a peanut seedling crushing chamber, a peanut seedling crushing conveying fan 37, a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut seedling crushing storage bin 39 and a transmission device, wherein the peanut seedling crushing chamber comprises a crushing chamber shell 40 and a peanut seedling crushing structure arranged in the crushing chamber shell 40, the front end of the crushing chamber shell 40 is provided with a peanut seedling feeding port 40-1 which is hermetically connected with a peanut seedling discharging port and a crushed seedling impurity discharging port, the peanut seedling crushing structure comprises a crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, a crushed seedling reamer 42 and a crushed seedling fixed cutter 43, a transmission part is fixed at the end part of the crushed reamer rotating shaft 41, the crushed seedling reamers 42 are arranged on the crushed seedling rotating shaft 41 at intervals, the left end and the right end of the crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41 are respectively and rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell 40, the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 are fixed inside the crushing chamber shell 40 at intervals, and the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 correspond to gaps of the crushed seedlings 42, the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives a transmission part arranged on a crushed seedling reamer rotating shaft 41 to rotate through a transmission device so as to drive each crushed seedling reamer 42 to rotate and pass through gaps among the crushed seedling fixed cutters 43 in a reciprocating manner, so that peanut seedlings positioned at the bottom of a peanut seedling crushing chamber are crushed, the peanut seedling crushing chamber is communicated with a peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39 through a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut crushed seedling conveying fan 37 is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38 so as to convey the crushed peanut seedlings in the peanut seedling crushing chamber into the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39, and the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39 is provided with pressure relief holes for releasing wind pressure generated by a blowing device 18 in the winnowing type peanut seedling collecting device and a peanut crushed seedling conveying fan 37 in the peanut crushed seedling collecting device.

The peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39 are located above the peanut seedling smashing chamber, the number of the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38 is two, the peanut seedling smashing conveying wind cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the smashing chamber shell 40 respectively, the peanut seedling smashing reamer rotating shafts 41 are used as fan blade rotating shafts by peanut seedling smashing conveying fans arranged on the peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38, the peanut seedling smashing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding port 40-1, the two peanut seedling conveying wind cylinders 38 are vertically upward, extend into the peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39 from the bottoms of the peanut seedling smashing chamber, extend upward to the tops of the peanut seedling smashing storage bins 39, and then are opened in opposite directions.

A coulter 1-1 of the excavating conveyor 1 is provided with a vibration soil shaking structure, the vibration soil shaking structure comprises a coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2, at least two coulter front-and-back reciprocating structures, a coulter front-and-back vibration guide protection structure and a transmission device;

the left end and the right end of the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the excavating conveyor rack 1-3 in a rolling manner, and the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 is provided with a transmission component;

the coulter 1-1 back-and-forth reciprocating motion structure comprises an eccentric connecting rod seat and a coulter connecting rod 1-4, a coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of a bearing 1-6 through an eccentric sleeve 1-5, the rear end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing 1-6 through a bearing seat 1-7, the bearing seats 1-7 are combined together according to the structure, the bearing 1-6 and the eccentric sleeve 1-5 form the eccentric connecting rod seat, and the front end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 is hinged with a bracket for fixing the coulter;

the coulter front and back vibration guide protection structure comprises a coulter upper guard plate 1-8 and a coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove, wherein the coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is transversely fixed on the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 and is positioned above the back side of the front end part of the coulter 1-1, the coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is inclined upwards from front to back and is used for extending into the field to turn up the floating soil, the coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove is transversely fixed on the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 and is positioned below the coulter upper guard plate 1-8, and the coulter 1-1 is slidably matched in the coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove cavity to restrain the coulter 1-1 from vibrating back and forth in the sliding;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives a transmission part arranged on the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 to rotate through a transmission device, so that the coulter vibration rotating shaft 1-2 rotates, and the coulter connecting rod 1-4 drives the coulter 1-1 to vibrate back and forth in the groove cavity at a height position limited by the front and back vibration guide grooves.

The front and back vibration guide protection structure of the coulter specifically comprises; the rear end of a coulter upper guard plate 1-8 is bent downwards, the part bent downwards forms an upper guard plate support connecting plate 1-8-1, a coulter front and back vibration guide sliding groove mainly comprises a plurality of coulter upper supporting sheets 1-9, a plurality of coulter lower supporting sheets 1-10 are fixedly connected through a plurality of supporting plate supports 1-11, each supporting plate support 1-11 is an angle-shaped support with an acute included angle formed by fixing a first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and a second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 together through one end, each supporting plate support 1-11 is transversely fixed on the upper guard plate support connecting plate 1-8-1 through the first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 at intervals, the second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 is positioned below the first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1, the acute angle of each supporting plate bracket 1-11 faces the rear direction, each coulter upper supporting sheet 1-9 is respectively fixed on each first strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and is positioned below the upper protecting plate bracket connecting plate 1-8-1, each coulter lower supporting sheet 1-10 is respectively fixed on each second strip-shaped connecting block 1-11-2, the lower surfaces of the coulter upper supporting sheets 1-9 are combined to form the upper groove wall of the coulter front-rear vibration guide sliding groove, and the upper surfaces of the coulter lower supporting sheets 1-10 are combined to form the lower groove wall of the coulter front-rear vibration guide sliding groove.

The colter 1-1 of the excavating conveyor 1 is provided with an excavating depth adjustable structure, the excavating depth adjustable structure comprises a press roller 1-12 and a pair of press roller height adjusting structures, the axle center of the press roller 1-12 is provided with a press roller shaft, and the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively connected with the left side and the right side of the front end of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 through the press roller height adjusting structures.

Suppression roller height adjustment structure includes: the press roller 1-12 is rotationally connected with a press roller shaft, the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively fixed with a height adjusting nut 1-13, the left side and the right side of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 are symmetrically provided with a height adjusting screw 1-14 and two height adjusting screws 1-14 are vertically arranged, the upper end and the lower end of the two height adjusting screws 1-14 are respectively rotationally connected with the excavating conveyor frame 1-3, the height adjusting nuts 1-13 at the left end and the right end of the press roller shaft are respectively screwed with the height adjusting screws 1-14 at the left side and the right side of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3, the upper ends of the two height adjusting screws 1-14 are respectively provided with an excavating depth transmission gear 1-15, an excavating depth adjusting motor drives the two excavating depth transmission gears 1-15 to operate, thereby driving the two height adjusting screw rods 1-14 to rotate so as to enable the two height adjusting nuts 1-13 to move up and down, thereby driving the press roller 1-12 to move up and down relative to the coulter 1-1.

Claims

1. A peanut seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester is characterized in that: comprises a comb type fruit picking device and a flotation type fruit and seedling separating device;

pluck fruit mechanism and include frame (3), pluck the fruit roller and pluck the fruit groove, pluck the fruit roller and support respectively including plucking fruit roller cylinder (4) plucking fruit roller movable tooth (5) are plucked to the equipartition on the cylinder of plucking fruit roller cylinder (4), pluck left end and the right-hand member of fruit roller cylinder pivot (6) of fruit roller cylinder (4) and be in the left side and the right side of frame (3), it is equipped with and plucks fruit roller transmission adapting unit (53) to pluck the fruit roller, pluck the fruit groove including plucking fruit groove cell body and fixed tooth (7), it is located to pluck the fruit groove cell body the bottom of plucking the fruit roller, pluck the left side wall (8) of fruit groove cell body with pluck right side wall (9) of fruit groove cell body and fix respectively the left side and the right side of frame (3) pluck and be equipped with one row at least of fixed tooth (7) on diapire (10) of fruit groove cell body, fixed tooth (7) by pluck the left side wall (8) of fruit groove cell body extremely pluck the right side wall ( The axial direction of the rotary shaft (6) of the roller is arranged at intervals, and gaps between the movable picking roller teeth (5) of the fruit picking roller and the fixed picking roller teeth (7) correspond to each other;

the combination mode of more than two fruit picking mechanisms forming the comb type fruit picking device is as follows: the peanut picking device comprises a front left side wall (8) of a picking groove body, a rear end of a right side wall (9) of the picking groove body and a rear end of a bottom wall (10) of the picking groove body are respectively connected with the rear left side wall (8) of the picking groove body, the right side wall (9) of the picking groove body is connected with the front end of the bottom wall (10) of the picking groove body, the picking groove bodies connected together form a peanut vine and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device, the left side wall (8) of the picking groove body is connected together, the right side wall (9) of the picking groove body and the bottom wall (10) of the picking groove body respectively form a left side wall of the peanut vine and fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut vine and fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut vine and fruit picking channel are connected, picking roller moving teeth (5) of two adjacent picking rollers are mutually embedded into a gap when the connecting line position of the axes of the picking roller rotating shafts (6) of the picking rollers are crossed, so that the upper part of the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is sealed by each fruit picking roller, and the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel is relatively sealed;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each picking roller to drive the connecting part (53) to rotate through the transmission device, so that the picking rollers rotate in the same direction, peanut seedlings are pulled to the rear from the front by the picking roller moving teeth (5) positioned in the peanut seedling picking channel, and each picking roller moving tooth (5) penetrates through a gap between the fixed teeth (7), so that the peanut seedlings are pulled in the opposite direction, and the peanuts are pulled away from the peanut seedlings;

the flotation mechanism comprises a rack (3), a fruit and seedling separation roller and a groove type peanut separation sieve, wherein the fruit and seedling separation roller has the same structure as the fruit picking roller: the peanut and seedling separating roller comprises a fruit and seedling separating roller drum (52), wherein fruit and seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separating roller drum (52), the fruit and seedling separating roller drum (52) is respectively supported on the left side and the right side of the rack (3) through the left end and the right end of a rotating shaft (11) of the fruit and seedling separating roller drum, the fruit and seedling separating roller is provided with a fruit and seedling separating roller transmission connecting component (54), the groove type peanut separating sieve is positioned at the bottom of the fruit and seedling separating roller, the groove type peanut separating sieve comprises a separating sieve groove body, the bottom wall (12) of the separating sieve groove body is a screen mesh for screening peanuts, and the left side wall (13) of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove body and the right side wall (14) of the groove type peanut separating sieve groove body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack;

the connection mode of more than two flotation mechanisms forming the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is as follows: the fruit and seedling separation device comprises a front left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, a rear end part of a right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body and a rear end part of a bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body are respectively connected with the rear left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, the right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body is connected with a front end part of the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body, the connected separation sieve tank bodies form a fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, the connected left side wall (13) of the separation sieve tank body, the right side wall (14) of the separation sieve tank body and the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve tank body respectively form a left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, and the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel; the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) of two adjacent fruit seedling separating rollers are mutually embedded into the gaps of the other fruit seedling separating rollers when the connecting line positions of the axes of the rotating shafts (11) of the fruit seedling separating rollers are crossed, so that the fruit seedling separating rollers seal the upper part of the fruit seedling separating channel, and the fruit seedling separating channel is relatively sealed;

the power output shaft of the engine of the peanut harvester drives each fruit-seedling separating roller to drive a connecting component (54) to rotate through a transmission device, so that each fruit-seedling separating roller runs in the same direction, the peanut-seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) positioned in the fruit-seedling separating channel drag peanut seedlings from the front to the back, so that peanuts and peanut seedlings in a separating state are stirred to be conveyed to the rear end in a tumbling rotating state, the peanuts fall off from a screen on the bottom wall of the fruit-seedling separating channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from a rear-end outlet of the fruit-seedling separating channel;

the peanut fruit and seedling picking and separating device is mainly formed by connecting the comb type fruit picking device at the front end and the flotation type fruit and seedling separating device at the rear end together in the following mode: the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating device comprises a peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel, a comb-type fruit picking device and a floating type fruit seedling separating device, wherein the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel is arranged on the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel and the bottom wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel are connected with each other at the rear end of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel, the picking roller moving teeth (5) of the rearmost picking roller in the comb-type fruit picking device and the seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) of the foremost seedling separating roller in the floating type fruit seedling separating device are embedded into a gap of each other when the connecting line positions of the axes of rotating shafts of the roller of the comb-type fruit picking device are intersected, so that the picking rollers and the seedling separating rollers close the upper part of the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel, and the peanut seedling fruit picking and separating channel relatively closed.

2. The peanut seedling picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit picking roller drum (4) in the following way: the fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) are annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum (4) at equal intervals to form circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth groups, the radial fruit picking roller movable teeth (5) are arranged along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller rotary drum (4) at equal intervals to form radial fruit picking roller movable tooth groups, each circumferential fruit picking roller movable tooth group is formed by ring arrangement of the fruit picking roller movable teeth (5) in the radial fruit picking roller movable tooth groups at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller rotary drum (4), each fruit picking roller movable tooth (5) in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group is arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, the radial arrangement positions of the fruit picking roller movable teeth (5) in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group correspond to gaps of the fixed teeth (7), and the radial arrangement space of the fruit picking roller movable teeth (5) in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller movable tooth group is the dynamic fruit picking roller movable tooth space; the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth (15) are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller drum (52) in the following manner: the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52) to form circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) are radially arranged at equal intervals along the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52) to form radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth groups, each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group is formed by circumferentially arranging the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group at intervals in an annular mode on the fruit seedling separating roller drum (52), the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in each adjacent radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group are radially arranged at equal intervals, and the arrangement interval is the dynamic interval of the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth.

3. The peanut vine picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking groove body of each fruit picking mechanism is an arc-shaped bottom wall, and the arc-shaped bottom wall and the corresponding roller are coaxial; each fixed tooth (7) in each fruit picking mechanism inclines backwards and is provided with an inclination angle adjusting structure: the fruit picking groove comprises a rack (3), a plurality of rows of fixed teeth (7) and a plurality of angle adjusting shafts (29), wherein the fixed teeth (7) are fixed on the fixed teeth angle adjusting shafts (29) at intervals, the fixed teeth angle adjusting shafts (29) are positioned below the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking groove body, the left end and the right end of each fixed teeth angle adjusting shaft (29) are respectively rotatably connected with the left side and the right side of the rack (3), strip-shaped holes for screening away miscellaneous soil are arranged on the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking groove body at intervals in the transverse direction, each fixed tooth (7) penetrates through the strip-shaped hole on the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking groove body from the bottom and extends into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, an angle adjusting handle (30) is radially fixed at the end part of each fixed teeth angle adjusting shaft (29), a positioning hole is arranged on the angle adjusting handle (30), a plurality of angle adjusting holes (31) corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjusting handle, when a bolt (32) is inserted into each different angle adjusting hole (31) through a positioning hole on the angle adjusting handle (30), each fixed tooth (7) corresponds to different inclination angles respectively.

4. The peanut seedling picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve trough body of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve trough body is coaxial with the corresponding roller, and the bottom wall (12) of the separation sieve trough body is fixed on the rack (3) through a spring (33).

5. The peanut seedling picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the comb-type fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the comb-type fruit picking device is inclined upwards from front to back; the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms, and the fruit and seedling separation channels of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device are horizontally arranged.

6. The peanut seedling picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the fruit picking rolling teeth (5) in each fruit picking mechanism, the fixed teeth (7) and the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth (15) are elastic teeth, the elastic teeth are formed by extending from the tail end parts of spiral springs to the axial vertical surface direction of the spiral springs, the axial lead of the spiral springs is parallel to the axial lead of each roller, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential front-back direction of the roller fixed by the elastic teeth, and the fruit picking rolling teeth (5) and the fruit seedling separating rolling teeth (15) are inclined towards the opposite direction of the rotation of the roller.

7. The peanut seedling picking and separating device for the peanut harvester as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the fruit picking roller (4) and the fruit seedling separating roller (52) are hollow-out structure rollers; the dynamic spacing of the movable teeth of the fruit picking rollers in each comb-type fruit picking device is gradually reduced from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the fruit seedling separation roller moving teeth in each flotation type fruit seedling separation device is gradually reduced from front to back.