CN111171966A - 一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂 - Google Patents
一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
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- C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
- C09D9/005—Chemical paint or ink removers containing organic solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
- C09D9/04—Chemical paint or ink removers with surface-active agents
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂，由八甲基环四硅氧烷、十二烷基苯磺酸和烷烃按以下重量百分数混合而成。该清洗剂可以快速地溶解去除RTV室温硫化硅橡胶和保形涂覆硅胶，在室温下即可操作，沸点和闪点较高，安全，可阻燃。其在常温下可快速有效地溶解金属件上的RTV硅胶密封胶和电路板上的保形涂覆硅胶。当没有被水污染时，该清洗剂不会腐蚀金属或金属合金，如铜、铁、锌、钛等。对于铝，一般浸泡时间不要超过14小时，因为长时间浸泡可能会腐蚀铝。大部分金属经过24小时浸泡在溶液中，不会被腐蚀。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硅橡胶清洗剂，尤其涉及一种用于可快速有效去除硫化硅橡胶和保形涂覆硅胶的清洗剂。
背景技术
硅橡胶（RTV）是一种新型的耐热高分子弹性材料，分子主干是由硅原子和氧原子组成的，结构特别稳定。硅橡胶最大的特点是耐高温、耐寒性能优越，使用温度范围在-100℃~300℃之间，具有优异的耐老化性能（在自由状态下，放置室外曝晒数年后，硅橡胶的性能无明显变化），并具有优良的电绝缘性能，且无味、无毒，符合国家卫生标准。硅橡胶的在露天放置20年，物理机械性能也不会有多大改变。它还特别耐热耐寒，在150℃高温下的使用寿命可达数年，即使在300℃也能连续用上半个月，而将它冷到-120℃也仍然能保持橡胶的柔性。硅橡胶制品广泛用于工业机械、航空、汽车、电子、建筑、医药、化工、食品等行业，是制作密封件、耐热衬垫、隔板、减震材料、绝缘元件、室外使用的密封件等最佳的橡胶材料。随着硅橡胶的广泛应用，硅橡胶的清洗和去除问题也日益增多。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂。
本发明的硅橡胶的清洗剂，是由八甲基环四硅氧烷、十二烷基苯磺酸和烷烃按以下重量百分数混合而成：八甲基环四硅氧烷30~40 wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸15~20 wt％，烷烃40~50wt％。硅橡胶主干Si-O-Si键在质子酸十二烷基苯磺酸的作用下发生裂解反应生成低聚物，从而溶解在八甲基环四硅氧烷和烷烃中。
本发明选用的八甲基环四硅氧烷，无色澄清透明液体，沸点高：175~176℃，闪点60℃，在酸碱催化下可开环聚合成有机硅高聚物，是硅油（改型硅油）、硅乳液、硅橡胶、硅树脂等有机硅制品的基本原料，也可直接做橡胶填料处理剂及化妆品原料。这些聚合物进一步加工成制品广泛应用于建筑、电子、纺织、汽车、个人护理、食品、机械加工等各个领域。
本发明所选用的十二烷基苯磺酸，沸点：315℃，是一种阴离子表面活性剂，常用作各种洗涤剂的原料或用来生产直链烷基苯磺酸钠盐、铵盐和乙醇胺盐，也可用作氨基烘漆的固化催化剂。用于配制各种液体、固体洗涤剂，具有去污、湿润、发泡、乳化、分散等性能。
本发明的烷烃选用长链烷烃，是最简单的一种有机化合物。烷烃的主要来源是石油和天然气，是重要的化工原料和能源物资。由于烷烃中只含有C-C单键和C-H单键，这两种键的强度都很大，而且碳和氢的电负性相差很小，所以C-H键极性很小，因此相对于其他有机物来说，烷烃离子型试剂有相当大的化学稳定性，在一般情况下，烷烃与大多数试剂如强酸、强碱、强氧化剂等都不起反应。但在一定条件下，如在高温或有催化剂存在是，烷烃也可以和一些试剂作用。烷烃中的σ键极性很小，且其分子偶极矩为零，是非极性分子。根据相似相溶原则，烷烃可溶于非极性溶剂如四氯化碳、烃类化合物（乙醚、苯）中，不溶于极性溶剂，如水中。
本发明清洗剂的使用方法及效果：
（1）浸泡：将清洗剂放置在不锈钢容器中或玻璃容器中，盖住以减少蒸发损失。确保待清洗零件上干燥无水，在室温下将零件放入清洗剂中浸泡，直到硅胶全部溶解或是从零件上剥离。所需要的时间取决于硅胶的种类、厚度和面积。通常用20g清洗剂完全溶解0.2g硅胶需要2h。加热溶液到40~50℃可以缩短溶解时间。搅拌或使用超声波或人工助力硅胶剥离、捣碎，也可以缩短溶解时间。溶解结束后，用酒精清洗零件，然后用水漂洗干净。
（2）手工刷涂清洗：均匀地在硅胶涂层或是密封剂上刷溶剂，保持表面润湿，用刮刀或是刷子去除脱离的硅胶。然后用酒精清洗，最后用水漂洗干净。
（3）定点清洗：浸湿一块织物，放在表面，保持30~45分钟，保持表面湿润，用湿润的织物擦试直到硅胶被去除。然后用酒精清洗，最后用水漂洗。
本发明清洗剂的性能及用途：本发明的清洗剂可以快速地溶解去除RTV室温硫化硅橡胶和保形涂覆硅胶，在室温下即可操作，闪电较高，可阻燃。其在常温下快速有效地溶解金属件上的RTV硅胶密封胶，电路板上的保形涂覆硅胶。
当没有被水污染时，该清洗剂不会冲击金属或金属合金，如铜、铁、锌、钛等，对于铝，一般浸泡时间不要超过14小时，因为长时间浸泡可能会腐蚀铝。大部分金属经过24小时浸泡在溶液中，不会被腐蚀。清洗剂不能接触水，一旦被水污染，会产生酸，腐蚀金属底材及其他基材。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明清洗剂的组分、制备工艺及性能作进一步说明。
实施例1
取八甲基环四硅氧烷8g、十二烷基苯磺酸4g、庚烷8g，混合均匀，即得硅橡胶清洗剂。该清洗剂溶解0.16g硅胶需要6h。
实施例2
取八甲基环四硅氧烷6g、十二烷基苯磺酸4g、庚烷10g；混合均匀，即得硅橡胶的清洗剂。该清洗剂溶解0.16g硅胶需要2h。
实施例3
取八甲基环四硅氧烷6g、十二烷基苯磺酸4g、正辛烷10g；混合均匀，即得硅橡胶的清洗剂。该清洗剂溶解0.16g硅胶需要2h，沸点变高，挥发更慢。
实施例4
取八甲基环四硅氧烷6g、十二烷基苯磺酸4g、正葵烷10g；混合均匀，即得硅橡胶的清洗剂。该清洗剂溶解0.16g硅胶需要2h，沸点变高，挥发更慢。
Claims (4)
1.一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂，由八甲基环四硅氧烷、十二烷基苯磺酸和烷烃按以下重量百分数混合而成。
2.如权利要求1所述一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂，其特征在于：八甲基环四硅氧烷、十二烷基苯磺酸和烷烃按以下重量百分数及性能配比：八甲基环四硅氧烷30~40wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸15~20 wt％，烷烃40~50wt％。
3.如权利要求1或2所述一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂，其特征在于：，在特征在于：所述烷烃为长链烷烃。
4.如权利要求3所述一种能有效溶解去除硅橡胶的清洗剂，其特征在于：所述长链烷烃为庚烷、正辛烷、正葵烷。
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| CN115612573A (zh) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-01-17 | 圣戈班汇杰(杭州)新材料有限公司 | 一种固化硅酮胶的除胶剂配方及其使用方法 |
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