CN111165811A - 一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物 - Google Patents
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165811A CN111165811A CN202010211543.3A CN202010211543A CN111165811A CN 111165811 A CN111165811 A CN 111165811A CN 202010211543 A CN202010211543 A CN 202010211543A CN 111165811 A CN111165811 A CN 111165811A
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Abstract
本发明公开一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，涉及普通食品、保健食品或特殊功能食品技术领域；所述组合物包括：乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、复合维生素、矿物元素、胆碱、牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、红枣提取物。在分娩前以及分娩中均饮用50g本发明的组合物制备的固体饮料能够快速为生产过程中的产妇提供能量，提升宫口张开速度，缩短产妇的分娩过程，提升顺产率，降低分娩过程中产妇并发症的发生以及新生儿缺氧的风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及普通食品、保健食品或特殊功能食品技术领域，具体涉及一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物。
背景技术
分娩的过程是母亲艰苦的体力劳动和母亲与胎儿的共同运动，在此期间，将消耗许多能量，需要不断保持能量与精神情感的支持。如果产妇因能量不足导致分娩时间过长，有发生子宫破裂的危险，引起产妇大出血，危害产妇的生命健康；另外分娩时间过长，胎儿在宫内长时间受到宫缩的挤压，都有胎儿血液循环的短时间的中断，时间过长会造成胎儿的缺氧，出生时可能发生新生儿呼吸不好，甚至胎死宫内的可能；产程过长，还容易发生母儿的感染，新生儿肺炎，败血症，产妇子宫感染等。
分娩过程中，产妇处于高强度的应激状态下，身体各部分对大脑中枢及神经内分泌系统调控积极响应以维持或平衡分娩过程中的能量需求。血糖是分娩过程中维持子宫收缩的主要能源物质，主要来源于碳水化合物的摄入和体内储备糖原的分解，当体内糖原储备不足或碳水化合物摄入不足时，易发生低血糖，进而影响子宫收缩，造成产程延长。另外，分娩过程中产妇的热负荷急剧增加，通过增加水分散发释放过多热量，从而维持人体内环境的平衡，但过度的水分损失易造成体内的水不足和体液电解质失衡，导致体能下降，而饮水过量又可引起低钠血症，影响子官收缩，造成产程延长，致使阴道助产率以及引产失败后紧急剖宫产率增加，并可增加胎儿呼吸窘迫和高胆红素血症的风险。
补充碳水化合物应有助于产程进展，但是有研究显示，补充固体碳水化合物，特别在产程活跃期进食固体碳水化合物可引起产程延长、剖宫产率升高。另外，目前一些大部分产妇在分娩过程中通过吃巧克力来提供能量，但是吃巧克力容易让分娩过程中的产妇呕吐而且影响产妇对于B族维生素的吸收。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明针提供一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案之一为：一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、复合维生素、矿物元素、胆碱、牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、红枣提取物。
进一步地，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉20-50份、碳水化合物50-90份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉50-100份、复合维生素0.2-0.6份、复合矿物质1-2.5份、胆碱0.2-0.34份、牛磺酸0.18-0.31份、左旋肉碱0.36-6.6份、红枣提取物20-30份。
更进一步地，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉35份、碳水化合物70份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉75份、复合维生素0.4份、复合矿物质1.8份、胆碱0.28份、牛磺酸0.26份、左旋肉碱3份、红枣提取物25份。
更进一步地，所述碳水化合物为燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖、菊粉，其中燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖、菊粉的质量比为10:5:1:1。
更进一步地，所述复合维生素为维生素A、维生素D、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酰胺、泛酸、生物素、维生素C。
更进一步地，所述复合矿物质为铁、钙、镁、锌、硒。
本发明采用的技术方案之二为：一种上述任一技术方案所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物在制备固体饮料中的应用。
本发明采用的技术方案之三为：一种固体饮料，所述固体饮料包括上述任一技术方案所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物和固体饮料中可接受的辅料。
更进一步地，所述辅料为粘合剂和矫味剂。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供的一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，主要原料为乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、复合维生素、矿物元素、胆碱、牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、红枣提取物，乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉为产妇提供能量，且三者的能量释放速度为中链甘油三酯＞碳水化合物＞乳清蛋白，这样形成了一个能量梯度，不仅能够为产妇快速供能，还能够延长能量的供应时间。左旋肉碱、牛磺酸有加速能量代代谢，抗疲劳的作用，同时还可以对分娩过程剧烈运动的腹部肌肉以及子宫、产道进行修复，避免拉伤，利于产妇的产后恢复，同时，红枣提取物能够加速产妇产妇红细胞和血小板的合成，降低血液的流失量，增强分娩过程中的免疫力。
在分娩前以及分娩中均饮用50g本发明的组合物制备的固体饮料能够快速为生产过程中的产妇提供能量，提升宫口张开速度，缩短产妇的分娩过程，提升顺产率，降低分娩过程中产妇并发症的发生以及新生儿缺氧的风险。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外，本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供的一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、复合维生素、矿物元素、胆碱、牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、红枣提取物。示例性的，组合物中各组分的含量可以是乳清蛋白粉20-50份、碳水化合物50-90份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉50-100份、复合维生素0.2-0.6份、复合矿物质1-2.5份、胆碱0.2-0.34份、牛磺酸0.18-0.31份、左旋肉碱0.36-6.6份、红枣提取物20-30份。
该组合物将乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、牛磺酸和左旋肉碱配合使用，牛磺酸和左旋肉碱能够快速将乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉的能量释放出来，为产妇的分娩过程提供能量，且不会产生副作用；并且因为将不同释能速度的乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉相结合，在供给产妇足够能量的同时还能够延长功能时间，缩短产妇的分娩时间，降低分娩过程中产妇并发症的发生以及新生儿缺氧的风险；同时加入维生素、矿物质以及红枣提取物，能够增强产妇分娩过程中的免疫力，降低生产后产生各种病症的风险。
在一个优选实施例中，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉35份、碳水化合物70份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉75份、复合维生素0.4份、复合矿物质1.8份、胆碱0.28份、牛磺酸0.26份、左旋肉碱3份、红枣提取物25份。
产妇分娩过程中，大量的耗能会使细胞内胱氨酸的浓度下降，谷胱甘肽的浓度上升，产生疲劳感，乳清蛋白中的乳白蛋白、牛血清蛋白、乳铁蛋白富含胱氨酸残基，进入细胞膜后还原成两个半胱氨酸，合成胱氨酸，维持细胞和组织的胱氨酸水平，增强机体抗氧化能力、延缓疲劳的发生。
中链甘油三酯在人体内消化吸收速度非常快，使用后在胃和十二指肠内被脂肪酶分解成甘油和中链脂肪酸，其水解速度是长链甘油三酯的6倍，分解得到的中链脂肪酸在肝脏内迅速高效地被分解产生能量，其代谢速度是普通长链脂肪酸的10倍，所以能快速为产妇分娩提供能量。
牛磺酸是易兴奋组织中含量最丰富的游离氨基酸，牛磺酸能够通过调节过氧化物酶体增殖活化受体γ辅助活化因子-1α来调节能量的代谢速度，在本发明的组合物中加入牛磺酸，能够快速将碳水化合物、乳清蛋白和中链甘油三酯转化为能量，使其代谢速度为平时的两倍，为产妇的分娩过程进行功能，而且碳水化合物、乳清蛋白和中链甘油三酯的能量转化速度为中链甘油三酯＞碳水化合物＞乳清蛋白，这样形成了一个能量梯度，不仅能够为产妇快速供能，还能够延长能量的供应时间。产妇在分娩过程中，腹部、子宫以及引道都会产生剧烈运动后，肌细胞核中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷酸含量增加，而牛磺酸对于激烈运动导致的肌肉损伤也具有保护作用，可能是通过激活NF-kB信号通路下调诱导型一氧化氮合成酶的表达来实现的，线粒体中过氧化氢的产生减少，并恢复肌纤维的完整性，所以通过补充牛磺酸还可以缓解分娩过程中的肌肉损伤。
左旋肉碱：孕妇在分娩过程中腹部的剧烈运动导致糖酵解速率增加，其代谢产物乳酸堆积抑制果糖磷酸激酶活性。进一步抑制糖供能的速率，使得ATP合成速率减慢。而且血乳酸浓度过高会导致血液和肌组织pH值
下降，从而阻碍神经肌肉节点的兴奋传递，影响肌肉收缩，引起疲劳；补充左旋肉碱可以增加运动时脂肪酸氧化 供能的比例，抑制糖酵解供能，使乳酸生成减少，降低产妇的疲劳感，增加其腹部的用力时间和力量度，缩短分娩时间。
红枣提取物：红枣提取物的主要成分为环磷酸腺苷，同时含有多种生物碱类、黄酮类、氨基酸、微量元素及维生素类营养物质。环磷酸腺苷被称为第二信使，能够将第一信使传递的信息进行增强、分化、整合，再传递给效应器发挥特定的生理功能。环磷酸腺苷在机体中可通过自身浓度的变化来调节细胞内酶和非酶蛋白的活性，从而控制细胞的生命活动，主要包括摄取和利用营养元素、储存和移动脂肪、控制细胞的增殖和分化、参与基因的转录调节还能够作为合成红细胞和血小板的原料，控制受体增加红细胞和血小板的合成。产妇在正常分娩过程中血液的流失量为500mL左右，血液的流失会迅速降低产妇的免疫力，摄入红枣提取入能够加速产妇产妇红细胞和血小板的合成，降低血液的流失量，增强分娩过程中的免疫力。
本发明的一实施例中，所述碳水化合物为燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖、菊粉，其中燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖和菊粉的质量比为10:5:1:1。
本发明的一实施例中，所述复合维生素为维生素A、维生素D、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酰胺、泛酸、生物素、维生素C。其中维生素A、维生素D、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酰胺、泛酸、生物素、维生素C的添加量为根据GB 14880-2012 《食品营养强化剂使用标准》中的含量进行添加。
本发明一实施例中，所述复合矿物质为铁、钙、镁、锌、硒。所述复合矿物质为铁、钙、镁、锌、硒的添加量为根据GB 14880-2012 《食品营养强化剂使用标准》中的含量进行添加。
本发明实施例提供的一种上述任一技术方案所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物在制备固体饮料中的应用。
本发明实施例提供的一种固体饮料，所述保健品包括上述任一技术方案所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物和固体饮料中可接受的辅料。
本发明任一实施例的组合物中，所述辅料为矫味剂和粘合剂。其中矫味剂可以为甜菊糖苷、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠中的一种、两种或两种以上的混合物，示例性的，可以为木糖醇和柠檬酸的混合物。
实施例1
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉20g、碳水化合物90g、中链甘油三酯微囊粉50g、复合维生素2g、复合矿物质0.1g、胆碱0.34g、牛磺酸0.18g、左旋肉碱6.6g、红枣提取物20g、维生素A 0.8mg、维生素D 4μg、叶酸0.12mg、维生素B120.16μg、维生素E16mg、维生素K 0.17μg、维生素B11.5mg、维生素B24.2mg、维生素B61.5mg、烟酰胺67mg、泛酸5mg、维生素C450mg、铁20mg、钙2000mg、镁210mg、锌36mg、硒10mg。
实施例2
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉50份、碳水化合物50份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉100份、复合维生素0.1份、复合矿物质2份、胆碱0.2份、牛磺酸0.31份、左旋肉碱0.36份、红枣提取物30份、维生素A 3.6mg、维生素D 2μg、叶酸1.2mg、维生素B122μg、维生素E36mg、维生素K 0.8μg、维生素B14.5mg、维生素B22mg、维生素B64.5mg、烟酰胺22mg、泛酸16mg、维生素C200mg、铁45mg、钙500mg、镁520mg、锌12mg、硒40mg。
实施例3
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉35份、碳水化合物70份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉75份、复合维生素1份、复合矿物质1份、胆碱0.28份、牛磺酸0.26份、左旋肉碱3份、红枣提取物25份、维生素A 2mg、维生素D 3μg、叶酸0.8mg、维生素B120.18μg、维生素E25mg、维生素K 0.45μg、维生素B10.3mg、维生素B23mg、维生素B63mg、烟酰胺45mg、泛酸10mg、维生素C300mg、铁30mg、钙1300mg、镁350mg、锌24mg、硒25mg。
实施例4
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的固体饮料，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉20份、碳水化合物90份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉50份、复合维生素2份、复合矿物质0.1份、胆碱0.34份、牛磺酸0.18份、左旋肉碱6.6份、红枣提取物20份、维生素A 0.8mg、维生素D 4μg、叶酸0.12mg、维生素B120.16μg、维生素E16mg、维生素K 0.17μg、维生素B11.5mg、维生素B24.2mg、维生素B61.5mg、烟酰胺67mg、泛酸5mg、维生素C450mg、铁20mg、钙2000mg、镁210mg、锌36mg、硒10mg、甜菊糖苷0.03份。
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的固体饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤：将上述原料称量、混合后用95%乙醇进行制粒、过20目筛，40℃真空干燥，取出后进行整粒得到固体饮料，所述真空干燥的真空度为0.3Mpa。
实施例5
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的固体饮料，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉50份、碳水化合物50份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉100份、复合维生素0.1份、复合矿物质2份、胆碱0.2份、牛磺酸0.31份、左旋肉碱0.36份、红枣提取物30份、维生素A 3.6mg、维生素D 2μg、叶酸1.2mg、维生素B122μg、维生素E36mg、维生素K 0.8μg、维生素B14.5mg、维生素B22mg、维生素B64.5mg、烟酰胺22mg、泛酸16mg、维生素C200mg、铁45mg、钙500mg、镁520mg、锌12mg、硒40mg、三氯蔗糖0.6份、柠檬酸0.3份。
制备方法同实施例4。
实施例6
一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的固体饮料，包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉35份、碳水化合物70份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉75份、复合维生素1份、复合矿物质1份、胆碱0.28份、牛磺酸0.26份、左旋肉碱3份、红枣提取物25份、维生素A 2mg、维生素D 3μg、叶酸0.8mg、维生素B120.18μg、维生素E25mg、维生素K 0.45μg、维生素B10.3mg、维生素B23mg、维生素B63mg、烟酰胺45mg、泛酸10mg、维生素C300mg、铁30mg、钙1300mg、镁350mg、锌24mg、硒25mg、木糖醇、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸、甜菊糖苷。
制备方法同实施例4。
实验例
实验地点：西安交通大学第一附属医院产科
随机选取2018年5月至2019年3月在我院进行分娩的产妇150例，所有产妇均为初次妊娠、足月以及单胎，产妇的年龄为20-28岁之间，平均年龄为25.78+3.42。将150例产妇随机分为三组，第一组分娩过程中饮用本发明的固体饮料100g，第二组分娩过程中食用巧克力或饮用红牛，第三组分娩过程中未进行能量补充。两组产妇在年龄、病史以及其他一般资料上对比无显著差异（Ｐ＜0.05）。此外，所有参与本次研究的产妇均由本次研究的研究人员向其详细解释本次研究的目的、意义以及主要研究内容的基础上，自愿加入本次研究，并签订知情确认书后方进行本次研究。
能量补充时间为：对产妇进行能量补充的时间选在产程活跃期的末期和第二产程中，每次50g冲服，并观察记录三组产妇产后出血、产后感染、自然分娩产妇比例以及新生儿Apgar评分，同时记录患者产程平均活跃期时间、宫口抗张率以及第二产程时间等见表2。其中新生儿Apgar评分参考表1。
表1 新生儿Apgar评分标准
8-10分为正常、4-7分为轻度窒息、0-3分重度窒息。分别于生后1分钟、5分钟和10分钟进行，如婴儿需复苏，15、20分钟仍需评分。1分钟仅是室息诊断和分度的依据，5分钟及10分钟评分有助于判断复苏效果及预后。
表2 三组产妇生产的对比分析
从表2中可以看出，服用本发明的组合物能够明显促进宫口的扩张速度，缩短分娩时间，分娩时间可以缩短一半。
表3 三组产妇顺产和剖腹产人数统计
从表3中可以看出，服用本发明的组合物可以显著提高产妇的顺产率，与产程中不补充能量相比，顺产率提高了40%。
表4 三组产妇产后结果对比表
从表4中可以看出，服用本发明的组合物可以显著降低产后出血以及术后感染的风险，新生儿的Apgar评分也明显高于不补充能量的产妇以及食用巧克力或饮用红牛的产妇，这与本发明的组合物可以缩短产程有关。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉、碳水化合物、中链甘油三酯微囊粉、复合维生素、矿物元素、胆碱、牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、红枣提取物。
2.根据权利要求1所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉20-50份、碳水化合物50-90份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉50-100份、复合维生素0.2-0.6份、复合矿物质1-2.5份、胆碱0.2-0.34份、牛磺酸0.18-0.31份、左旋肉碱0.36-6.6份、红枣提取物20-30份。
3.根据权利要求1所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物包括以下组分：乳清蛋白粉35份、碳水化合物70份、中链甘油三酯微囊粉75份、复合维生素0.4份、复合矿物质1.8份、胆碱0.28份、牛磺酸0.26份、左旋肉碱3份、红枣提取物25份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述碳水化合物为燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖、菊粉，其中燕麦粉、麦芽糊精、低聚果糖、菊粉的质量比为10:5:1:1。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述复合维生素为维生素A、维生素D、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素K、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酰胺、泛酸、生物素、维生素C。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物，其特征在于，所述复合矿物质为铁、钙、镁、锌、硒。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物在制备固体饮料中的应用。
8.一种固体饮料，其特征在于，所述固体饮料包括权利要求1-3任一所述快速提供产妇分娩所需能量的组合物和保健食品中可接受的辅料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的固体饮料，其特征在于，所述辅料为粘合剂和矫味剂。
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