CN107927754A - 一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其包括如下组分及其重量份数:1‑5份蛋白质、0.1‑1份脂肪、10‑15份碳水化合物、0.05‑1份膳食纤维、0.01‑0.15份常量元素、0.001‑0.004份微量元素、0.001‑0.003份脂溶性维生素、0.01‑0.03份水溶性维生素、0.01‑0.05份膳食精华、0.01‑1份药食同源成分、0.1‑0.5份天然植物化合物以及0.01‑2份新资源食品;本发明还涉及两种上述临床营养配方的制备方法。通过上述组分的筛选和配比,本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方全面补充孕妇分娩时所需的必须营养成分,且该营养配方更容易被孕产妇消化吸收,充分发挥其各组分的功效,快速的提供孕妇分娩时所需的能量,同时有效地保证胎儿生长发育所必须的营养素,帮助产妇顺产、缩短产程。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及特殊医学用途配方食品领域,具体涉及一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
分娩是指妊娠满28周及以上的胎儿及其附属物,从临产发动至从母体全部娩出的过程。妊娠满28周至不满37足周期间分娩为早产;妊娠满37周至不满42足周期间分娩为足月产;妊娠满42周及其后期间分娩为过期产。分娩分为“自然分娩”和“剖宫产”。
自然分娩,就是在不依靠医务人员特殊帮助下,通过产妇阴道分娩的方式,将胎儿及其附属物(包括羊水、胎盘及胎膜)从阴道娩出的过程。剖宫产原称剖腹产,指妊娠≥28周,经切开腹壁及子宫壁取出胎儿及其附属物的手术。
需要摄入更多的能量才能满足产时的需要,蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪的比例适宜。蛋白质及氨基酸摄入不足的影响-我国膳食中蛋白质摄入量不足,尤其动物蛋白偏低,因而在胎儿生长发育中会带来一定影响。例如影响脑的发育,出身低体重,甚至增加早产流产机会。
微量元素和维生素对胎儿生长发育的影响近年来逐渐受到重视,此类物质对孕妇的正常代谢、胎儿的生长发育及免疫功能、机体健康状况的维持等均起着至关重要的作用,某些微量元素的缺乏会直接影响妊娠结局及母儿健康,维生素的减少也会对理想的出生体重和新生儿总体健康水平造成不良影响。
妊娠与微量元素、维生素有密切关系,此类物质对孕妇的正常代谢、胎儿的生长发育及免疫功能、机体健康状况的维持等均起着至关重要作用,某些微量元素的缺乏会直接影响妊娠结局及母婴健康,维生素的减少也会对理想的出生体重和新生儿总体健康水平造成不良的影响。
目前临床上专门用作产时供能的营养类产品少见,临床类产品主要还是氨基酸类产品为主,这类产品不仅还要要添加优质蛋白质,同时还要注意维生素和矿物质的补充,以及添加天然产物提取物,在产妇生产时要同时食用多种不同种类的产品,其均存在诸多不便之处。
为此,研制既能提供分娩时女性所需的基础营养素的同时,又能迅速补充能量且能够最大程度保护产妇及婴儿的配方食品是具有重要价值和广阔的市场。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的缺陷,提供一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方及其制备方法,其根据产时供能的临床营养特点,恰当地对蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪量配比比例进行调整,补充钙铁锌等矿物质和多种维生素、天然化合物,其为分娩孕妇提供全面充足的营养支持,能迅速增强产妇的体能,提高免疫力,同时有效地保证胎儿生长发育所必须的营养素。营养素是指食物中给人体提供能量、参与机体构成及调节生理功能的化学成分。人体所必需的营养素有蛋白质、脂类、糖类、矿物质、维生素、水、膳食纤维等。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,包括如下组分及其重量份数:1-5份蛋白质、0.1-1份脂肪、10-15份碳水化合物、0.05-1份膳食纤维、0.01-0.15份常量元素、0.001-0.004份微量元素、0.001-0.003份脂溶性维生素、0.01-0.03份水溶性维生素、0.01-0.05份膳食精华、0.01-1份药食同源成分、0.1-0.5份天然植物化合物以及0.01-2份新资源食品。
为了进一步优化上述临床营养配方,本发明所采取的技术措施还包括:
优选地,所述蛋白质选自乳清蛋白粉、大豆分离蛋白、水解鱼胶原蛋白、全脂奶粉、脱脂奶粉、全蛋粉、乳铁蛋白、牛初乳粉、氨基酸、蛋白肽中的至少一种。
其中,所述氨基酸选自L-赖氨酸-L-谷氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-精氨酸、L-色氨酸、L-谷氨酰胺、牛磺酸、L-缬氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸中的至少一种;所述蛋白肽选自大豆低聚肽、小麦蛋白肽、蚕蛹蛋白肽、海洋鱼低聚肽粉、可乐肽、氨基肽、酪蛋白钙肽、卵白蛋白肽中的至少一种。
更优选地,所述蛋白质包括乳清蛋白粉、水解鱼胶原蛋白、大豆分离蛋白、全蛋粉、全脂奶粉、牛初乳粉、乳铁蛋白、牛磺酸、酪蛋白钙肽。
优选地,所述脂肪包括饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、OPO结构脂、DHA、EPA、ARA、磷脂中的至少一种,更具体地说所述脂肪包括红花籽油、核桃油、花生油,大豆油,阿甘油、橄榄油、茶油、美藤果油、橄榄油、椰子油、紫苏油、深海鱼油、可可油、棕榈油、牛油、奶油、猪油、中链甘油三酯、卵磷脂、紫苏籽油等;更优选为紫苏油和中链甘油三酯。
优选地,所述碳水化合物包括果糖、冰糖、麦芽糊精、木薯淀粉、抗性淀粉中的至少两种;更优选为麦芽糊精、冰糖。
优选地,所述膳食纤维包含菊粉、魔芋粉、低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆多糖、环糊精、抗性糊精、大豆纤维中的至少一种;更优选地,所述膳食纤维为水溶性膳食纤维,其至少包括低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖,还可包括魔芋粉。
优选地,所述常量元素选自柠檬酸钙、L-乳酸钙、磷酸氢钙、葡萄糖酸钾、柠檬酸钠和葡萄糖酸镁中的至少一种。
优选地,所述微量元素选自葡萄糖酸亚铁、碘化钾、葡萄糖酸锌、亚硒酸钠、葡萄糖酸铜、硫酸铬、葡萄糖酸锰和钼酸钠中的至少一种。
优选地,所述脂溶性维生素选自维生素A、β-胡萝卜素、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K1中的至少一种。
优选地,所述水溶性维生素选自维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素C、泛酸、叶酸、烟酸、胆碱、肌醇、生物素中的至少一种。
优选地,所述膳食精华选自谷类、豆类、薯类、蔬菜类、菌藻类、坚果种子类、鱼虾类、禽畜肉类、水果类中的至少一种;所述谷类选自大米粉、小米粉、黑米粉、薏米粉、玉米粉、小麦胚芽粉、燕麦粉、荞麦粉中的至少一种;所述豆类选自豌豆粉、绿豆粉、黑豆粉、红豆粉、大豆粉的至少一种;所述薯类主要由淮山粉组成;所述蔬菜粉选自胡萝卜粉、白萝卜粉、南瓜粉、菠菜粉、番茄粉、西兰花粉、苦瓜粉中的至少一种;所述菌藻类选自香菇粉、海带粉和银耳粉中的至少一种;所述坚果种子类选自南瓜子粉和莲子粉中的至少一种;所述鱼虾类选自三文鱼粉和鳕鱼粉中的至少一种;所述禽畜肉类选自鸡肉粉、牛肉粉、猪肝粉和猪肾粉中的至少一种;所述水果类选自红枣粉、桂圆粉、苹果粉、樱桃粉、柑橘粉、雪梨粉中的至少一种。
优选地,所述天然植物化合物选自左旋肉碱、氨基葡萄糖、低聚果糖、叶黄素、植物甾醇、番茄红素、白藜芦醇、大蒜素中的至少一种;更优选为左旋肉碱。
优选地,所述药食同源成分选自枸杞、茯苓、山药、桑葚、大枣、蜂蜜、黄精、龙眼肉中的至少一种。
更优选地,所述药食同源成分中各组分的重量份数如下:枸杞0.005~1份、茯苓0.005~1份、山药0.005~1份、桑葚0.005~1份、大枣0.005~1份、蜂蜜0.005~1份、黄精0~1份、龙眼肉0~1份。
优选地,所述新资源食品选自乳碱性蛋白、γ-氨基丁酸、壳寡糖、杜仲雄花、竹叶黄酮、酪蛋白磷酸肽、燕麦β-葡聚糖、低聚甘露糖、花生四烯酸油脂、水苏糖、刺梨、酵母β-葡聚糖、乳矿物盐、玛咖粉、刺梨、低聚木糖中的至少一种;更优选地,所述新资源食品为γ-氨基丁酸、花生四烯酸油脂。
上述营养配方还可添加适量的活性酵母粉,酵母粉富含蛋白质和B族维生素,利于腹中胎儿组织器官的形成,利于其大脑及中枢神经的顺利完善,也利于胎儿整体上的生长发育,对怀孕及生产时的母婴都有好处。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种上述产时供能专用型临床营养配方的制备方法方法,其包括如下步骤:
步骤1)采用微囊包埋技术制备脂肪粉末、脂溶性维生素粉末和水溶性维生素粉末;
步骤2)采用粉碎、醇提、水提、喷雾干燥及过筛步骤制备药食同源成分粉末;
步骤3)将预定重量的蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、膳食精华、天然植物化合物以及新资源食品分别制备成粒径为150~250μm的粉末,如果需要的话可将上述原料预先进行烘晒处理;
步骤4)将步骤1)~3)制备的粉末混合均匀后杀菌备用;
步骤5)根据常规技术手段将步骤4)混合后的粉末制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种;
其中,步骤1)-3)的顺序可相互更换。
最后,本发明涉及一种由上述产时供能专用型临床营养配方制备的产品,包括营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、口服液等。
在上述制备方法中,其中,所述药食同源成分的原料进行粉碎、醇提浓缩、水提浓缩,并将浓缩液进行喷雾干燥制成药食同源成分粉末;其中,所述维生素和脂肪分别通过微胶囊化处理制备成维生素粉末和脂肪粉末。
优选地,所述药食同源成分粉末的制备过程如下:采用粉碎机对预定重量份数的原料进行粉碎,将粉碎的原料置于容器中,加入重量为原料重量的7~8倍的30~40%乙醇,进行浸泡、提取3次,合并醇提液并浓缩至无醇味;原药药渣挥去乙醇后,加入重量为原料重量的3~4倍的水进行浸泡,对浸泡液进行煎煮15~20min,过滤去除原料,留取煎煮液;合并浓缩后的醇提液和煎煮液,并对其进行喷雾干燥,最后以60~80目筛分制备药食同源成分粉末。
优选地,所述维生素的微胶囊化处理的具体步骤如下:1)将脂溶性维生素作为芯材,选用羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶、卡拉胶、黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、麦芽糊精、脂蛋白、玉米糖浆、大豆分离蛋白、全脂乳粉、膳食纤维、菊粉、乳清蛋白粉、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆纤维、乳糖、冰糖粉、乳化剂、稳定剂中的一种或多种作为壁材,高压均质乳化,喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备脂溶性维生素粉末;2)将水溶性维生素作为芯材,选用羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶、卡拉胶、黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、麦芽糊精、脂蛋白、玉米糖浆、大豆分离蛋白、全脂乳粉、膳食纤维、菊粉、乳清蛋白粉、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆纤维、乳糖、冰糖粉、乳化剂、稳定剂中的一种或多种作为壁材,混合均匀,喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备水溶性维生素粉末。
优选地,所述脂肪的微囊包埋技术的具体实施步骤如下:将脂肪、乳化剂、壁材与水混合溶解制备乳化液;将上述乳化液搅拌混合后,进行乳化均质处理,然后进行喷雾干燥,筛分制备脂肪粉末,脂肪粉末与传统油脂比较,其分散性、水溶性、乳化性、抗氧化性都有很大提高;其中,所述乳化剂选自甘油脂肪酸酯(甘油酯)、丙二醇脂肪酸酯(丙二醇酯)、山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯(山梨聚糖酸)、蔗糖脂肪酸酯(蔗糖酯)、卵磷脂、单甘脂、吐温80中的一种或多种;所述壁材选自羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶、卡拉胶、黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、麦芽糊精、脂蛋白、玉米糖浆、大豆分离蛋白、全脂乳粉、膳食纤维、菊粉、乳清蛋白粉、低聚异麦芽糖、大豆纤维、乳糖、冰糖粉、乳化剂、稳定剂中的一种或多种。
本发明还提供一种上述产时供能专用型临床营养配方的制备方法,其为湿法工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤1)准备含有预定重量份数的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、维生素、药食同源成分、天然植物化合物以及新资源食品的原材料,在预定量的水中,按照原材料的物理性状,按照先后顺序依次添加,在添加的同时进行搅拌,制得原料的混合乳液;
步骤2)将步骤1)获得的混合乳液温度保持在40-50℃,调整均质压力使其始终保持在10-18Mpa之间,对混合乳液进行乳化均质,然后将乳化液放置蒸发器中,以预设的技术参数进行浓缩,并在85-88℃下进行杀菌,获得浓缩液;
步骤3)将步骤2)获得的浓缩液进行喷雾干燥,过60~80目筛,制备成粉末;采用上述粉末制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
本发明中采用包括枸杞、茯苓、山药、桑葚、大枣、蜂蜜的药食同源成分,上述成分配伍增效后具有补血养颜、活血祛瘀、缩宫催产、提高免疫力的作用。
枸杞性味甘平,其既能够更好的滋补肝肾、益精明目和养血、还能增强人们的免疫力;枸杞里面含有丰富的胡萝卜素和多种维生素,能够更好的预防心脏病和癌症;枸杞有很好的保健药效,尤其适合体质虚弱、抵抗力差的孕产妇食用。
茯苓具有利水渗湿的功效,而且药性比较平和,具有很好的健脾利湿的功效,对于脾虚运化失常所致泄泻、带下等症状具有很好的作用;茯苓具有养心安神的作用,适于患有心神不安、心悸、失眠等症状的孕产妇人群。
山药中的淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶等物质,有利于脾胃消化吸收,帮助孕产妇预防便秘;山药含有黏液蛋白,有降低血糖的作用,适合于患妊娠糖尿病的孕产妇;山药有滋肾益精的功效,可以治疗肾亏遗精、妇女白带过多、小便频数等症。
桑葚中含有丰富的营养价值,特别是含有大量的维生素、活性蛋白等,这些对于孕产妇和胎儿来说是非常有益的;桑葚中含有脂肪酸、苹果酸等,它能够促进蛋白质、淀粉的消化;桑葚中的高品质的营养,还可以增强孕妇的抵抗力和免疫力。
大枣中含有丰富的维生素A、B、C等人体必须的多种维生素、矿物质等;有益气养肾、补血养颜、补肝降压、安神、治虚劳损、健脾益胃等功效,有效预防贫血的发生。
蜂蜜中富含锌、镁等多种微量元素及多种维生素,能益脑增智、美发护肤;蜂蜜中含有的多种酶和矿物质,发生协同作用后,可以提高免疫力;蜂蜜中的葡萄糖、维生素、镁、磷、钙等能够调节神经系统,促进睡眠;同时又能润肠通便,预防便秘。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方包括乳清蛋白、水解鱼胶原蛋白肽、大豆分离蛋白、全脂奶粉等多种蛋白质全面均衡地补充儿童所需的8种必需氨基酸,有助于补充分娩时蛋白质的消耗和损失;高碳水化合物比例,补充胎儿脑组织发育及生产时女性所需的能量;
强化γ-氨基丁酸,有利于心脑血压的缓解,又能促进人体内氨基酸代谢的平衡,调节免疫功能,帮助产妇安神,胎安产顺;
富含中链甘油三酯(MCT),易消化吸收,供能效率高;并且能减少脂肪积累、保持健康体重、降低甘油三酯,提高新陈代谢;
花生四烯酸油脂能促进胎儿脑细胞的增殖与生长,控制孕妇宫颈扩张和子宫痉挛;
补充低聚半乳糖、低聚果糖等多种水溶性膳食纤维,促进肠道双歧杆菌生长,刺激肠蠕动,减少便秘;还具有促进脂肪颗粒和代谢物排出,达到降脂、减肥、健体的功效;
强化钙,钙是构成骨骼和牙齿的主要元素,能预防小腿抽筋或手足抽搐,同时钙作为孕妇顺利分娩的“保护神”,分娩时,孕妇子宫从弱到强反复收缩,将胎儿和胎盘推出,充足的钙使子宫收缩有力;
强化铁、锌,铁补偿产时由于失血造成的贫血,还能有效预防胎儿出生后因铁储存不足出现的铁缺乏,葡萄酸亚铁更容易被人体吸收;锌有利于胎儿发育和预防先天性缺陷,促进纤维细胞、上皮细胞的增生及胶原的合成,促进伤口愈合。
多种水溶性型维生素合理配比,B族维生素参与能量代谢,能增强体力,维生素B1改善胃肠功能,维生素B2预防孕妇体内胎儿生长受限或缺铁性贫血的发生,维生素B6和维生素B12可预防妊娠高血压综合征,减轻精神抑郁等症状;维生素C促进胶原合成,对于胎儿骨骼和牙齿的正常发育十分重要,还能促进铁的吸收和利用;
强化左旋肉碱,左旋肉碱具有减轻神经紧张、增强免疫力、加速蛋白质合成、促进伤口愈合、保护细胞膜稳定性的功能;
合理搭配药食同源成分,能很好的预防便秘,保证睡眠质量,具有较好的补血效果,并且利于孕产妇排尿,同时增强孕妇的抵抗力和免疫力。
本发明通过选用合理的基础营养素,采用全面均衡的配比,同时添加具有调节孕产妇免疫力、促进伤口愈合、提高睡眠质量的药食同源成分、天然植物化合物、新资源食品等特殊营养素,并调整其配比与基础营养素进行配伍增效,全面补充孕妇分娩时所需的必须营养成分,且该营养配方更容易被孕产妇消化吸收,充分发挥其各组分的功效,快速的提供孕妇分娩时所需的能量,同时有效地保证胎儿生长发育所必须的营养素,帮助产妇顺产、缩短产程,有效避免产妇因产力不足造成的难产、胎儿窒息等突发情况。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其包括如下组分及其重量份数:1-5份蛋白质、0.1-1份脂肪、10-15份碳水化合物、0.05-1份膳食纤维、0.01-0.15份常量元素、0.001-0.004份微量元素、0.001-0.003份脂溶性维生素、0.01-0.03份水溶性维生素、0.01-0.05份膳食精华、0.01-1份药食同源成分、0.1-0.5份天然植物化合物以及0.01-2份新资源食品。
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方包括乳清蛋白粉1.2g、水解鱼胶原蛋白0.01g、大豆分离蛋白0.65g、全蛋粉0.33g、全脂奶粉1.3g、牛初乳粉0.1g、乳铁蛋白0.01g、牛磺酸0.02g、酪蛋白钙肽0.01g;紫苏油0.2g、中链甘油三酯0.03g;麦芽糊精9.83g、冰糖1.1g;水溶性膳食纤维0.08g;常量元素中钙0.034g、钠0.06g、镁0.005g;微量元素中铁0.002g、锌0.001g;维生素A0.00008g、维生素D3 0.000002g、维生素E 0.0017g;维生素B10.00013g、维生素B2 0.00014g、维生素B6 0.0001g、维生素B12 0.00000012g、维生素C0.016g、烟酸0.0007g;膳食精华0.01g、枸杞0.01g、茯苓0.01g、山药0.01g、桑葚0.01g、大枣0.01g、蜂蜜0.1g、左旋肉碱0.1g、花生四烯酸油脂0.1g、γ-氨基丁酸0.1g。
实施例2
本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方包括乳清蛋白粉1.2g、水解鱼胶原蛋白0.33g、大豆分离蛋白0.33g、全蛋粉0.33g、全脂奶粉1.3g、牛初乳粉0.1g、乳铁蛋白0.01g、牛磺酸0.02g、酪蛋白钙肽0.01g;紫苏油0.2g、中链甘油三酯0.03g;麦芽糊精9.83g、冰糖1.1g;水溶性膳食纤维0.08g;常量元素中钙0.034g、钠0.06g、镁0.005g;微量元素中铁0.002g、锌0.001g;维生素A0.00008g、维生素D3 0.000002g、维生素E 0.0017g;维生素B10.00013g、维生素B2 0.00014g、维生素B6 0.0001g、维生素B12 0.00000012g、维生素C0.016g、烟酸0.0007g;膳食精华0.03g、枸杞0.1g、茯苓0.1g、山药0.1g、桑葚0.1g、大枣0.1g、蜂蜜0.1g、左旋肉碱0.1g、花生四烯酸油脂0.1g、γ-氨基丁酸0.1g。
实施例3
本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方包括乳清蛋白粉1.2g、水解鱼胶原蛋白0.33g、大豆分离蛋白0.33g、全蛋粉0.33g、全脂奶粉1.3g、牛初乳粉0.1g、乳铁蛋白0.01g、牛磺酸0.02g、酪蛋白钙肽0.01g;紫苏油0.2g、中链甘油三酯0.03g;麦芽糊精9.83g、冰糖1.1g;水溶性膳食纤维0.08g;常量元素中钙0.034g、钠0.06g、镁0.005g;微量元素中铁0.002g、锌0.001g;维生素A0.00008g、维生素D3 0.000002g、维生素E 0.0017g;维生素B10.00013g、维生素B2 0.00014g、维生素B6 0.0001g、维生素B12 0.00000012g、维生素C0.016g、烟酸0.0007g;膳食精华0.03g、枸杞0.1g、茯苓0.1g、山药0.1g、桑葚0.1g、大枣0.1g、蜂蜜0.1g、左旋肉碱0.1g、花生四烯酸油脂0.1g、γ-氨基丁酸0.1g。
实施例4
一种如实施例1~实施例3所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方的制备方法如下:
1)制备粉末油脂(粉末脂肪):
a)制备壁材水溶液:取麦芽糊精8克、全脂乳粉11克、膳食纤维2克(抗性糊精)、菊粉0.5克、乳清蛋白粉5克、低聚异麦芽糖0.5克、大豆纤维1克、阿拉伯胶0.2克、乳糖0.5克、冰糖粉2克、水50毫升搅拌均匀(有条件边加热边搅拌至60℃,保持30分钟后冷却至室温)。
b)将单甘酯取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)均匀溶于0.21毫升油脂中(紫苏油0.18毫升、中链甘油三酯0.03毫升)。
c)将吐温80取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)均匀溶于壁材水溶液中。
d)将添加过乳化剂单甘酯的混合植物油脂与添加过乳化剂吐温80的壁材水溶液充分混合。
e)添加稳定剂琼脂取0.1克(总固形物浓度为0.2%)进混合溶液后,用水定容至200毫升(总固形物浓度为25%),20000r/min下高速分散2分钟。
f)均质压力为25MPa,均质3次(每次5分钟),制得均质乳状液。
g)将制得的乳状液进行喷雾干燥,进风温度为195℃,出风温度为80℃。收集粉末油脂(粉末脂肪)。
2)制备药食同源成分粉末:采用粉碎机对预定重量份数的原料进行粉碎,将粉碎的原料置于容器中,采用粉碎机对预定重量份数的原料进行粉碎,将粉碎的原料置于容器中,加入重量为原料重量的3~5倍的60~80%乙醇,进行浸泡、提取2次,合并醇提液并浓缩至无醇味;原药药渣挥去乙醇后,加入重量为原料重量的6~8倍的水进行浸泡,对浸泡液进行煎煮30~60min,过滤去除原料,留取煎煮液;合并浓缩后的醇提液和煎煮液,并对其进行喷雾干燥,最后以60~80目筛分制备药食同源成分粉末;
3)制备维生素粉末:将预定重量份数的脂溶性维生素作为芯材,选用低聚异麦芽糖作为壁材,在高压下进行2次乳化均质处理,乳化均质时间为10~15min,然后进行喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备脂溶性维生素粉末;将预定重量份数的水溶性维生素作为芯材,选用麦芽糊精、低聚异麦芽糖作为壁材,混合均匀,喷雾瞬时干燥,以60~80目筛分制备水溶性维生素粉末;
4)将预定重量的蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、膳食精华、天然植物化合物以及新资源食品分别制备成粒径为150~250μm的粉末;(步骤1)-4)的顺序可相互更换)
5)将步骤1)-4)制备的粉末在混合机等类似设备中混合均匀后杀菌备用;
6)将步骤5)所制得的熟食粉末根据常规技术手段将步骤5)中的熟食粉末制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
在步骤6)中,可选择性地增加适量的食品增稠剂、食品添加剂以及相关剂型辅料。所述食品增稠剂为瓜尔胶、黄原胶、槐豆胶、魔芋胶、果胶、卡拉胶、琼脂、明胶、阿拉伯胶中的至少一种,所述食品添加剂为阿斯巴甜、食用香精香料、红糖中的至少一种;更优选卡拉胶、阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、阿斯巴甜、食用香精香料。
上述操作步骤均需在惰性气体的保护下进行,比如氮气、氩气、氦气等,以防止产生粉末爆炸的危险。
按照所述配方可制备成粉状、颗粒状、胶囊状、片剂状、饮料等类别。
实施例5
本实施例验证本发明所述的营养配方对产妇分娩时产程及相关并发症的影响。本实施例采用实施例2的配方制备的口服液以及下述对比例:
对照组:自愿不服用任何产品;
对比例1:市售氨基酸口服液;
对比例2:不添加花生四烯酸油脂和γ-氨基丁酸,其余组分按实施例2的配方制备的口服液;
对比例3:不添加药食同源成分,其余组分按实施例2的配方制备的口服液;
对比例4:不添加常量元素、微量元素和维生素,其余组分按实施例2的配方制备的口服液;
对比例5:添加活性酵母粉,其余组分按实施例2的配方制备的口服液。
设置实验组6组,每组选用自愿服用相应口服液的孕妇50名,各组产妇均进行常规护理。在阵痛间隙食用,每人总共服用150ml。实验结果均为平均值,实验结果如下表所示:
由上表可知,本发明中按实施例2营养配方和添加了活性酵母粉的实施例2营养配方制备的的口服液为分娩产妇有效的提供所需能量,帮助产妇缩短产程,减少并发症,与对照组相比,对比例1-4也具有一定的效果,但其效果稍微弱于本发明所述的营养配方。
通过上述实施例可知,本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方能够提供能量,使产妇产力充沛,预防虚脱发生,确保顺利分娩;其添加补气补血、调节气血平衡、气顺血和、胎安产顺的各种成分,使得待产怨妇能够养心安神、减轻焦虑,养精蓄锐,为分娩做准备;同时其还能提高机体应激能力和免疫功能,预防感染,确保母婴平安;并补充优质蛋白质、常量和微量元素、各种维生素等营养素,创造良好分娩条件。本发明所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方全面补充孕妇分娩时所需的必须营养成分,且该营养配方更容易被孕产妇消化吸收,充分发挥其各组分的功效,快速的提供孕妇分娩时所需的能量,同时有效地保证胎儿生长发育所必须的营养素。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述,但其只作为范例,本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言,任何对本发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改,都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,包括如下组分及其重量份数:1-5份蛋白质、0.1-1份脂肪、10-15份碳水化合物、0.05-1份膳食纤维、0.01-0.15份常量元素、0.001-0.004份微量元素、0.001-0.003份脂溶性维生素、0.01-0.03份水溶性维生素、0.01-0.05份膳食精华、0.01-1份药食同源成分、0.1-0.5份天然植物化合物以及0.01-2份新资源食品;
其中,所述药食同源成分选自枸杞、茯苓、山药、桑葚、大枣、蜂蜜、黄精、龙眼肉中的至少一种;
其中,所述新资源食品选自初乳碱性蛋白、γ-氨基丁酸、壳寡糖、杜仲雄花、竹叶黄酮、酪蛋白磷酸肽、燕麦β-葡聚糖、低聚甘露糖、花生四烯酸油脂、水苏糖、刺梨、酵母β-葡聚糖、乳矿物盐、玛咖粉、刺梨、低聚木糖中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述药食同源成分为枸杞、茯苓、山药、桑葚、大枣、蜂蜜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述新资源食品为γ-氨基丁酸、花生四烯酸油脂,其中所述γ-氨基丁酸、花生四烯酸油脂的重量比为1:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述天然植物化合物选自左旋肉碱、氨基葡萄糖、低聚果糖、叶黄素、植物甾醇、番茄红素、白藜芦醇、大蒜素中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述药食同源成分的重量份数如下:枸杞0.005~1份、茯苓0.005~1份、山药0.005~1份、桑葚0.005~1份、大枣0.005~1份、蜂蜜0.005~1份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述膳食纤维为水溶性膳食纤维,其至少包括低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种产时供能专用型临床营养配方,其特征在于,所述蛋白质包括乳清蛋白粉、水解鱼胶原蛋白、大豆分离蛋白、全蛋粉、全脂奶粉、牛初乳粉、乳铁蛋白、牛磺酸、酪蛋白钙肽。
8.一种如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)预定重量的脂肪、脂溶性维生素、水溶性维生素分别采用微囊包埋技术制备并过60~80目筛制成粉末;
步骤(2)预定重量的药食同源成分通过粉碎、醇提、水提、喷雾干燥并过60-80目筛制成粉末;
步骤(3)预定重量的其余组分分别制备成粒径为150~250μm的粉末;
步骤(4)将步骤(1)~(3)制备的粉末混合均匀后杀菌备用;
步骤(5)将步骤(4)混合后的粉末制成可直接食用的配方制剂;
其中,步骤(1)~(3)的顺序可相互更换;所述配方制剂包括营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、口服液。
9.根据权利要求1~7中任一项所述的产时供能专用型临床营养配方的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1)准备含有预定重量份数的蛋白质和氨基酸、核苷酸、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、常量元素、微量元素、维生素、药食同源成分、天然植物化合物以及新资源食品的原材料粉末,在预定量的水中,按照原材料的物理性状,按照先后顺序依次添加,在添加的同时进行搅拌,制得原料的混合乳液;
步骤2)将步骤1)获得的混合乳液进行乳化均质、浓缩杀菌,获得浓缩液;
步骤3)将步骤2)获得的浓缩液进行喷雾干燥,过筛,制备成粉末,并将上述粉末制备成营养粉、营养乳剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂或口服液中的至少一种。
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