CN111155972A - Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method - Google Patents
Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate mining system and method, which are applied to seabed mud volcanic type shallow block hydrates. The scheme can effectively overcome the defects of small heating range, more energy consumption and low yield in the process of heating and exploiting the hydrate, and greatly improves the exploitation efficiency; meanwhile, the possibility of environmental risk and ecological disaster caused by large-scale excavation of the seabed in the existing method can be effectively avoided; in addition, the solar energy is utilized on site, the cost is low, the environment is protected, the large-scale efficient economic exploitation of the hydrate is realized, and the application prospect and the value are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine natural gas hydrate resource exploration and exploitation, and particularly relates to a covered deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method.
Background
Natural gas hydrates (also called as combustible ice) are ice-like crystalline compounds formed by hydrocarbon gases such as methane and the like and water in a low-temperature high-pressure environment, are divided according to comprehensive factors such as a gas transportation and accumulation mode, a burial depth, a cause mode and the like, and the natural gas hydrates in the ocean can be divided into a deep diffusion type and a shallow leakage type. Among them, shallow leaky hydrates are often closely related to many special geologic bodies, such as mud-bed daggers, mud volcanoes, and gas chimneys.
In many sea areas, shallow surface hydrates of the mud volcano type develop very well, with diameters between a few meters and hundreds of meters, and several meters to tens of meters above the sea floor, filled with huge amounts of highly saturated hydrates. It has been investigated that the methane reserves of individual mud volcanoes in the south sea water reach 10 billion cubic meters, and such mud volcanoes are often found in groups in the sea area, tens to hundreds of years, as 1742 shallow hydrate structures have been found in the japanese sea, mostly mud volcano structures. Due to the characteristics of the popularity degree of distribution on the seabed, shallow buried depth, thick layer shape occurrence mode, high saturation degree and the like, the mud volcano type shallow surface layer hydrate and the deep diffusion type hydrate are expected to become important targets of the industrialization of the hydrate, and the resource significance is immeasurable.
Several mining methods have been proposed for shallow surface hydrates, including the well-known solid-state fluidization, robotic mining, etc. However, no corresponding solution has been proposed for this special construction of mud volcanoes. Meanwhile, the solid-state fluidization method is simple and feasible, but needs to be excavated in a large area at the seabed, so that large-area ecological disasters and environmental disasters can be caused, and the risk is uncontrollable; the idea of the robot mining method is novel, but the robot mining method also has the possibility of causing environmental risks due to seabed excavation, meanwhile, the technical difficulty involved in robot mining is large and difficult, so far, the various seabed mining fields including seabed manganese nodule crusts and metal sulfides have no precedent of the robot working in the implementation stage, and the fact that the seabed robot can still be a conceptual design in the current stage of mining is really put into industrial production.
Because the deep-sea mud volcano-type hydrate is shallow in occurrence position and even bared on the surface of the sea bottom, the occurrence range is generally concentrated, the upper part protrudes out of the sea surface in a hillock shape, and the central position develops a channel through which gas flows, a targeted mining technology is urgently needed to be provided aiming at the special structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate mining system and method, which are mainly applied to seabed mud volcanic type shallow block hydrates.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system comprises an engineering ship support unit, a power supply unit, a drilling and casing unit and a gas-insulated and heat-insulated unit, wherein the engineering ship support unit provides basic hardware support for hydrate exploitation and realizes collection of exploited natural gas hydrates, and the power supply unit is connected with the gas-insulated and heat-insulated unit through a power supply cable;
the well drilling and casing unit comprises a production well, a perforation and a natural gas conveying pipeline, wherein the perforation is arranged at a hydrate enrichment layer position in the production well so as to better guide hydrate release fluid;
the gas-insulating and heat-insulating unit is uniformly laid and covered on the mud volcano, and comprises a gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover connected with the power supply unit, wherein the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover is sequentially provided with a heat-conducting aluminum foil layer, a carbon fiber heating wire layer, an asbestos heat-insulating layer and a heat-resisting gas-insulating layer from bottom to top, and is used for supplying heat to the interior of the sediment layer and heating the natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Furthermore, the gas-insulated heat-insulated unit also comprises a thermode, the thermode is arranged at the position with high saturation and large thickness of the hydrate, two paths of independent power supply circuits are adopted by the thermode and the carbon fiber heating wire layer of the gas-insulated heat-insulated cover, and the power supply circuits of the thermode are independently buried between the asbestos heat-insulated layer and the heat-resistant gas-insulated layer.
Furthermore, a safety unhooking system is arranged at the joint of the mother mining ship and the natural gas conveying pipeline so as to deal with sudden severe weather or other disastrous events, avoid risks and ensure operation safety.
Furthermore, the power supply unit comprises a solar heating plate, a photoelectric converter and a storage battery which are arranged on the engineering ship support unit, and the power supply unit transmits the solar energy or the electricity in the storage battery to the gas-insulated heat-insulated hood and the hot electrode to heat the hydrate.
Further, the engineering ship support unit comprises a mining mother ship, a hoisting mechanism and a natural gas storage device, a flow control valve is arranged on the natural gas storage device, a temperature pressure sensor is further arranged on the power supply cable, and the system operation state is distinguished, regulated and controlled through system information acquired by the temperature pressure sensor and the flow control valve, so that the safe and efficient operation of the system is guaranteed.
The invention also provides a mining method of the covering type deep-sea mud volcanic natural gas hydrate mining system, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, determining a mud volcano central passage, drilling a well in the mud volcano central passage, laying a casing and perforating;
secondly, arranging an air-insulating and heat-insulating unit on the mud volcano side wing, wherein the air-insulating and heat-insulating unit comprises an air-insulating and heat-insulating cover and a thermal electrode, and the air-insulating and heat-insulating cover sequentially comprises a heat-conducting aluminum foil layer, a carbon fiber heating wire layer, an asbestos heat-insulating layer and a heat-resisting air-insulating layer from bottom to top;
thirdly, heating the hydrate by utilizing a shipborne power supply unit;
and fourthly, collecting gas in the production well, and storing the gas on the engineering ship.
Further, in the first step, the position of the central passage of the mud volcano is determined through a two-dimensional multi-channel seismic profile interpretation result and the position of a cold spring nozzle determined by submarine photography.
Further, the first step is specifically realized by the following steps:
drilling a well in the mud volcano central passage by using a deep water drilling technology, wherein the well penetrates through a deposit covering layer on the upper part of natural gas, enters a hydrate reservoir and is finally drilled at a mud volcano bedrock, so that a production well is formed;
and then installing a casing pipe, perforating at the position of the hydrate reservoir stratum to guide water and gas generated by the decomposition of the hydrate to enter, and arranging a pressure reduction control valve in the production well to achieve the effect of combining a thermal recovery method and a pressure reduction method so as to decompose the hydrate more fully.
Further, the second step is specifically realized by the following steps:
drilling holes at positions with large saturation and thick layer positions of the mud volcano side wing hydrates, and placing a hot electrode;
then, uniformly arranging a gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover on the mud volcano by using an engineering underwater robot, connecting the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover with a hot electrode which is already placed in a drilled hole, and opening the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover at the central drilled hole position of the mud volcano;
further, in the fourth step, after the gas released by the hydrate flows into the production well from the perforation, the gas is conveyed to a natural gas storage device on the mining mother ship through a natural gas conveying pipeline; and a safety unhooking system is also arranged at the joint of the natural gas conveying pipeline and the mining mother ship so as to deal with sudden severe weather or other disastrous events.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1) the gas-isolating heat-insulating cover can be laid according to the shape of the mud volcano, has good gas leakage prevention capacity so as to prevent the decomposition gas of the hydrate from overflowing from the side wings, has a uniform heating function, and is subjected to heat insulation treatment by using an asbestos material between the gas-isolating layer and the heating layer so that the heating layer faces the hydrate from the lower part in a one-way manner, thereby reducing the energy consumption to the maximum extent;
2) meanwhile, a plurality of thermal electrodes are integrated at positions with high hydrate saturation and large thickness and are effectively connected with the gas-isolating heat-insulating cover heating element, and each thermal electrode can penetrate to a required depth according to the actual depth of a hydrate layer to further heat the hydrate in a target area so as to enable the decomposed hydrate to flow into the production well from the perforation of the production well under the action of bottom hole pressure difference.
The scheme overcomes the defects of small heating range, more energy consumption and low yield in the process of heating and exploiting the hydrate, and can greatly improve the exploitation efficiency; meanwhile, the method overcomes the possibility of environmental risk and ecological disaster caused by large-scale excavation of the seabed in the existing method, can realize large-scale efficient economic exploitation of the hydrate, and has higher application prospect and value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep-sea mud volcano type hydrate mining system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gas-barrier heat-insulating cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-mining mother ship; 2-hoisting mechanism; 3-a natural gas reservoir unit; 4-a flow control valve; 5-solar heating plate; 6-a photoelectric converter; 7-a storage battery; 8-safety unhooking system; 9-temperature pressure sensor; 10-supply cable; 11-a production well; 12-perforating; 13-a pressure reducing control valve; 14-natural gas transportation pipeline; 15-gas-and heat-insulating cover; 16-a hot electrode; 17-hydrate layer; 18-a sediment layer, 151-a thermally conductive aluminum foil layer; 152-a carbon fiber heating wire; 153-asbestos insulation layer; 154-Heat resistant gas barrier.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention provides a covering type deep-sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate mining system and method, which are mainly applied to seabed mud volcano type shallow block hydrates, gas-insulated heat-insulated covers and thermodes which are specially designed are used for heating to mine natural gas hydrates, decomposed hydrates flow into a production well from a perforation of the production well under the action of bottom hole pressure difference, a pressure reduction device is arranged in the production well to further decompose the hydrates, and thermal mining of the mud volcano type hydrates is completed; meanwhile, in order to reduce energy consumption and improve economy, the thermal electrode is heated by utilizing solar power generation, and the shipborne autonomous power supply device can be switched to under the condition that the solar conversion efficiency is insufficient in rainy or dark night, so that stable and continuous production can be ensured.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an overlay type mining system facing the thermal mining of seabed mud volcano type hydrate, and after a hydrate layer 17 in a seabed mud volcano is determined to be positioned below a sediment layer 18 in a resource exploration stage, the device system and the related technology can be used for mining the hydrate, so that natural gas can be obtained. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1:
the mining system comprises an engineering ship support unit, a power supply unit, a drilling and casing unit and a gas-isolating and heat-insulating unit; the engineering ship support unit comprises a mother mining ship 1, a hoisting mechanism 2, a natural gas storage device 3 and a safety unhooking system 8, wherein a flow control valve 4 is arranged on the natural gas storage device 3, the safety unhooking system can emergently separate the mother mining ship from other underwater systems to avoid risks when the mother mining ship leaves an operation field in order to deal with sudden severe weather or other disastrous events, other systems are continuously remained on the seabed, the mother mining ship can continuously return to the field after the weather is recovered to be normal or the disastrous events are eliminated, and the operation is continuously carried out after the mother mining ship is connected through the unhooking device.
The power supply unit comprises a solar heating plate 5, a photoelectric converter 6 and a storage battery 7 which are arranged on a support unit of the engineering ship, the power supply unit is connected with the gas-insulated heat-insulated unit through a power supply cable 10, the power supply cable 10 is also provided with a temperature and pressure sensor 9, electricity in the solar energy or the storage battery is transmitted to the gas-insulated heat-insulated cover and the thermal electrode through the power supply unit to heat the hydrate, system information is automatically collected through the temperature and pressure sensor 9 and the flow control valve 4, the operation state is judged, the operation of the valve is controlled in time, and the safe and efficient operation of the system is guaranteed;
the well drilling and casing unit comprises a production well 11, a perforation 12 and a natural gas conveying pipeline 14, wherein the perforation 12 is arranged at a hydrate enrichment layer position in the production well 11 so as to better guide hydrate release fluid, and a pressure reducing control valve 13 is arranged at a proper position of the natural gas conveying pipeline 14 so as to achieve pressurization and thermal recovery and ensure the smooth production of the natural gas hydrate. The position of a mud volcano central channel is preferably selected as the well drilling position, the mud volcano central channel is the most important channel for exchanging substances between mud volcano fluid and the outside, the lateral circulation condition is good, after the hydrate is heated and decomposed, gas is generally gathered and migrated towards the direction, and the position of the mud volcano central channel can be accurately locked by a two-dimensional multi-channel seismic profile interpretation result and a cold spring nozzle position determined by submarine photography.
The gas-insulating and heat-insulating unit can only supply heat to the inner part facing the sediment layer, and comprises a gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover 15 and a thermode 16; the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover 15 is a special heating body, and comprises a heat-conducting aluminum foil layer 151, a carbon fiber heating wire layer 152, an asbestos heat-insulating layer 153 and a heat-resistant gas-insulating layer 154 from bottom to top in sequence. The heat-conducting aluminum foil layer 151 has a flame-retardant and heat-conducting effect, and is beneficial to transferring heat to a sediment layer below the heat-conducting aluminum foil layer; the carbon fiber heating wire 152 is made of carbon fiber material and is arranged in the air-isolating and heat-insulating cover in an S shape, a zigzag shape, a wave shape or the like; the asbestos heat insulation layer 153 is subjected to heat insulation treatment by using an asbestos material, so that heat can be supplied only to the interior of the sediment layer, and the purpose of efficiently and uniformly heating the natural gas hydrate reservoir layer is achieved; a heat-resistant plastic film (polysulfone plastic which can be used at 100-180 ℃ for a long time) is laid on the surface of the heat-insulating asbestos layer to serve as a heat-resistant gas-insulating layer 154, so that the device has the function of insulating gas leakage, and the gas decomposed by the hydrate is prevented from leaking into the sea or the atmosphere through the covering layer.
In addition, in order to avoid possible contradiction caused by different heating powers, the carbon fiber heating wires of the thermode 16 and the gas-insulated heat-insulated cover 15 adopt independent power supply circuits, the circuits of the thermode are independently buried between the heat-insulated layer and the gas-insulated layer of the gas-insulated heat-insulated cover 15 during construction, so that the risk of construction difficulty increase and gas leakage caused by additional opening on the gas-insulated heat-insulated cover 15 is avoided, the thermode is independently powered during mining, and the heating efficiency is adjusted through a temperature control switch so as to adapt to the heating requirements of different hydrate thicknesses.
According to the occurrence characteristics of the deep-sea mud volcano hydrate, a covering type heat preservation heating method is adopted; the gas-isolating heat-insulating cover can be laid according to the shape of the mud volcano, has good gas leakage prevention capacity so as to prevent the decomposition gas of the hydrate from overflowing from the side wings, has a uniform heating function, and is subjected to heat insulation treatment by using an asbestos material between the gas-isolating layer and the heating layer so that the heating layer faces the hydrate from the lower part in a one-way manner, thereby reducing the energy consumption to the maximum extent; meanwhile, a plurality of thermal electrodes are integrated at positions with high hydrate saturation and large thickness and are effectively connected with the gas-isolating heat-insulating cover heating element, and each thermal electrode can penetrate to a required depth according to the actual depth of a hydrate layer to further heat the hydrate in a target area so as to enable the decomposed hydrate to flow into the production well from the perforation of the production well under the action of bottom hole pressure difference.
Example 2
Based on the covered deep-sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate exploitation system disclosed in embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a corresponding exploitation method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, determining a mud volcano central passage, drilling a well in the mud volcano central passage, laying a casing and perforating;
firstly, a mother mining ship 1 is driven to a mud volcano hydrate area, drilling is carried out in a mud volcano type hydrate channel by utilizing a deep water drilling technology, the drilled well is ensured to penetrate through a deposit covering layer 18 on the upper part of natural gas and enter a hydrate reservoir layer 17, and a final hole is required at a mud volcano bedrock generally finally, so that a production well 11 is formed; then a casing is installed, perforation 12 is carried out at the position of a hydrate reservoir, water and gas generated by hydrate decomposition are guided to enter the casing, and a pressure reduction control valve 13 is arranged in a production well, so that the effect of combining a thermal recovery method and a pressure reduction method is achieved, and the hydrate is decomposed more fully.
Secondly, laying an air-insulating and heat-insulating cover on the mud volcano side wing by using an engineering robot;
and drilling holes at the positions with large saturation and thick layer positions of the mud volcano side wings, and placing the thermal electrodes 16. Then, an engineering type underwater robot is used to uniformly lay a gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover 15 on the mud volcano, and the gas-insulating cover is connected to a thermode 16 which is already placed in the borehole. The gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover 15 is opened at the central drilling position of the mud volcano. Thus, the construction of the gas-insulated heat-insulated unit is completed.
Thirdly, heating the hydrate by using a shipborne energy supply unit (a solar panel and a standby storage battery);
the solar energy collected by the solar heating plate 5 of the mining mother ship 1 is converted into electric energy by the photoelectric converter 6 and is transmitted to the seabed mud volcano gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover 15. The gas-insulated heat shield 15 and the integrated thermode 16 supply heat to the outside and heat the natural gas hydrates. When the power of the electric energy generated by the whole solar system is not required by the mining activities in cloudy days and at night, the shipborne storage battery 7 is started to supply power so as to ensure the stability and the continuity of the whole production process.
Fourthly, collecting gas in the production well, and storing the gas on the ship;
after the gas released by the hydrate flows into the production well 11 from the perforation 12, the gas can be transported to the natural gas reservoir device 3 arranged on the production mother ship through the natural gas transportation pipeline 14 for storage. The natural gas conveying pipeline is provided with the pressure reduction control valve 13, so that on one hand, the risks of overhigh pressure and damage of instruments in the gas gathering process can be prevented, and in addition, the combination of two technical methods of thermal recovery and pressure reduction can be realized through proper pressure reduction, and the improvement of the hydrate recovery efficiency is promoted.
It should be noted that, in the whole mining process, the whole operation is monitored safely by using the automatic control feedback of the whole system, for example, the system information is automatically collected through the temperature and pressure sensor 9 and the flow control valve 4, the operation state is judged, the operation of the valve is controlled in time, the switching of the operation mode is realized, the operation requirements of different conditions are met, and the safe and efficient operation of the system is ensured.
According to the occurrence characteristics of the deep-sea mud volcano hydrate, the covering type heat preservation heating method is adopted, the defects of small heating range, more energy consumption and low yield in the process of heating and exploiting the hydrate are overcome, and the exploitation efficiency can be greatly improved; meanwhile, the possibility of environmental risk and ecological disaster caused by large-scale excavation of the seabed in the existing method is overcome; moreover, solar energy is utilized on site, the cost is low, the environment is protected, the pressure condition of the gas well is controlled in the using process, and the system is driven by the standby power stored on the ship at night and in rainy days. The measures can realize large-scale efficient economic exploitation of the hydrate, and have good application prospects.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system is characterized by comprising an engineering ship support unit, a power supply unit, a drilling and casing unit and a gas-insulated and heat-insulated unit, wherein the engineering ship support unit provides basic hardware support for hydrate exploitation and realizes collection of exploited natural gas hydrates, and the power supply unit is connected with the gas-insulated and heat-insulated unit through a power supply cable (10);
the well drilling and casing unit comprises a production well (11), a perforation (12) and a natural gas conveying pipeline (14), the perforation (12) is arranged at a hydrate enrichment layer position in the production well (11), one end of the natural gas conveying pipeline (14) is arranged in the production well (11), the other end of the natural gas conveying pipeline is connected with an engineering ship supporting unit, and a pressure reduction control valve (13) is distributed on the natural gas conveying pipeline (14);
the gas-insulated unit is evenly laid and is covered on mud volcano, include gas-insulated heat exchanger (15) that separate that links to each other with the power supply unit, gas-insulated heat exchanger (15) are heat conduction aluminium foil layer (151), carbon fiber heater layer (152), asbestos heat insulation layer (153) and heat-resisting gas-insulated layer (154) from supreme down in proper order for to the inside heat supply towards deposit layer, realize the heating to the natural gas hydrate reservoir.
2. The covered deep-sea mud volcano-type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 1, wherein: the gas-insulating and heat-insulating unit further comprises a thermode (16), the thermode (16) is arranged at a position with high hydrate saturation and large thickness, two independent power supply circuits are arranged on the thermode (16) and the carbon fiber heating wire layer (152), and the power supply circuits of the thermode (16) are independently embedded between the asbestos heat-insulating layer (153) and the heat-resistant gas-insulating layer (154).
3. The covered deep-sea mud volcano-type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 1, wherein: a safety unhooking system (8) is further arranged at the joint of the mother mining vessel (1) and the natural gas conveying pipeline (14) to deal with sudden severe weather or other disastrous events.
4. The covered deep-sea mud volcano-type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 2, wherein: the power supply unit comprises a solar heating plate (5), a photoelectric converter (6) and a storage battery (7) which are arranged on the engineering ship support unit, and the power supply unit transmits the solar energy or the electricity in the storage battery to an air-insulating heat-insulating cover (15) and a hot electrode (16) to heat the hydrate.
5. The covered deep-sea mud volcano-type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 3, wherein: the engineering ship supporting unit comprises a mining mother ship (1), a hoisting mechanism (2) and a natural gas storage device (3), wherein a flow control valve (4) is arranged on the natural gas storage device (3), a temperature and pressure sensor (9) is further arranged on a power supply cable (10), and the system running state is judged and regulated through system information acquired by the temperature and pressure sensor (9) and the flow control valve (4).
6. The mining method of the covered deep-sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) determining a mud volcano central passage, drilling a well in the mud volcano central passage, laying a casing and perforating;
2) the mud volcano side wing is provided with an air-insulating and heat-insulating unit, the air-insulating and heat-insulating unit comprises an air-insulating and heat-insulating cover (15) and a hot electrode (16), and the air-insulating and heat-insulating cover (15) is sequentially provided with a heat-conducting aluminum foil layer (151), a carbon fiber heating wire layer (152), an asbestos heat-insulating layer (153) and a heat-resisting air-insulating layer (154) from bottom to top;
3) heating the hydrate by utilizing a shipborne power supply unit;
4) collecting gas in the production well, and storing the gas on the engineering ship.
7. The mining method of the covered deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 6, wherein in the step 1), the position of the mud volcanic central passage is determined by two-dimensional multi-seismic profile interpretation results and a cold spring spout position determined by submarine photography.
8. The mining method of the covered deep-sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 6, wherein the step 1) is realized by the following steps:
drilling a well in a mud volcano central tunnel using deep water drilling techniques, said well penetrating a natural gas upper sediment blanket (18), into a hydrate reservoir (17), and completing a hole at a mud volcano bedrock, thereby forming a production well (11);
then a casing is installed, perforation (12) is carried out at the position of a hydrate reservoir, water and gas generated by hydrate decomposition are guided to enter the casing, and a pressure reduction control valve (13) is distributed in a production well (11), so that the effect of combining a thermal recovery method with a pressure reduction method is achieved, and the hydrate is decomposed more fully.
9. The mining method of the covered deep-sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 6, wherein the step 2) is specifically realized by:
drilling holes at positions with large saturation and thick layer positions of the mud volcano side wing hydrates, and placing a hot electrode (16);
then, an engineering underwater robot is used for uniformly distributing the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover (15) on the mud volcano, the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover (15) is connected with a thermode (16) which is placed into the drilled hole, and the gas-insulating and heat-insulating cover (15) is opened at the corresponding position of the central drilled hole of the mud volcano.
10. A mining method of a covered deep-sea mud fire hill type natural gas hydrate mining system according to claim 6, characterized in that in the step 4), after the gas to be released by the hydrate flows into the production well (11) from the perforation holes (12), the gas is transported to the natural gas storage device (3) on the mining mother ship through the natural gas transportation pipeline (14), and the connection part of the natural gas transportation pipeline (14) and the mining mother ship is further provided with a safety unhooking system (8) to deal with the sudden severe weather or other disastrous events.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010159725.0A CN111155972B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| EP20211931.9A EP3879069B1 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-12-04 | Coverage-type deep-sea mud volcano-associated natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| DK20211931.9T DK3879069T3 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-12-04 | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR EXTRACTION OF VOLCANO-CONNECTED NATURAL GAS HYDRATES FROM DEEP SEA SLUDGE |
| AU2020286197A AU2020286197B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-12-08 | Coverage-type deep-sea mud volcano-associated natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| JP2020213182A JP6892177B1 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-12-23 | Covered deep sea mud volcano type natural gas hydrate mining system and its method |
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| CN202010159725.0A CN111155972B (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
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| JP (1) | JP6892177B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111155972B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022248998A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | Aarbakke Innovation As | Water bottom deployable gas hydrate production system |
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| CN114708780B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-02-24 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Physical simulation experiment device and method for volcano formation |
| CN115182705B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-03-22 | 广东中煤江南工程勘测设计有限公司 | Submarine cold spring exploitation device and method |
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- 2020-12-04 DK DK20211931.9T patent/DK3879069T3/en active
- 2020-12-04 EP EP20211931.9A patent/EP3879069B1/en active Active
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3879069A1 (en) | 2021-09-15 |
| AU2020286197A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| AU2020286197B2 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
| EP3879069B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
| CN111155972B (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| DK3879069T3 (en) | 2022-04-04 |
| JP2021139274A (en) | 2021-09-16 |
| JP6892177B1 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
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