CN106884627A - A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106884627A CN106884627A CN201710190397.9A CN201710190397A CN106884627A CN 106884627 A CN106884627 A CN 106884627A CN 201710190397 A CN201710190397 A CN 201710190397A CN 106884627 A CN106884627 A CN 106884627A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- hydrate
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- air
- pipe
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/40—Separation associated with re-injection of separated materials
Abstract
A kind of gas hydrate exploitation device, mainly includes：Extracting boat, vortex tube, air collecting pipe, gas production sleeve pipe and collecting hood, the high-pressure natural gas for coming from compressor enter vortex tube, and gases at high pressure are separated into hot and cold two fluids.Hot fluid is directly entered hydrate reservoir, and solid-state hydrate is heated and is decomposed into natural gas, is collected into collecting hood by air collecting pipe, and cold airflow is used to keep reservoir structure stabilization in production process.Compared with existing hydrate exploitation technology, the present invention relies on the natural gas produced during hydrate is carried out as power source, additional energy source need not be consumed, has the advantages that cost of investment is low, operating cost is few, environmentally friendly, efficient, there is wide application prospect in sea bottom hydrate exploitation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device, the gas water in seabed is contained in particular for exploitation
The device of compound exploitation.
Background technology:
Gas hydrates, are commonly called as " combustible ice ", are class ice, non-ization being made up of water and natural gas under certain condition
Learn the cage type crystalline compounds of metering.Gas hydrates present in nature are mostly methane hydrate.Hydrate
It is one of high-efficiency cleaning energy most with prospects at present, every cubic metre of gas hydrates can release 164 cubic metres
Methane.Have now been found that CH in the gas hydrates within 3000 meters of the depth of water4Carbon total amount equivalent to coal, stone known to the whole world
Oil, two times of natural gas total amount, about 2.1 × 1016m3, mankind's energy demand of 1000 can be met.
Current hydrate recovery method mainly has：Heat shock method, decompression method, chemical-agent technique.
Heat shock method is that directly gas hydrates layer is heated, and the temperature of gas hydrates layer is balanced more than it
Temperature, is water and gas extraction method so as to promote gas hydrate dissociation.The heating means of selection have injection hot water
Or steaming process, Electromagnetic Heating method and microwave heating method etc..The major defect of the method is big heat-energy losses, there is 10% in heating
Heat waste to 75% loses, and efficiency of utilization is relatively low, exploitation it is relatively costly.
Chemical-agent technique by gas hydrates layer in inject some chemical reagent, such as salt solution, methyl alcohol, ethanol, second
Glycol etc. changes the phase balance condition of gas hydrate synthesis, reduces the equilibrium temperature of hydrate, promotes gas hydrate dissociation.
This method has the disadvantage that effect is slow, and expense is too high.In addition, the chemical reagent for being filled may cause larger breaking to environment
It is bad.
Step-down extraction system is that the phase equilibrium line for making gas hydrates stabilization by reducing pressure is moved, so as to promote
Make the recovery method of gas hydrate dissociation.Realize reducing water generally by the episome natural gas extracted under hydrate layer
The pressure of compound, makes the hydrate contacted with natural gas become unstable and is decomposed into natural gas and water.Step-down exploitation is natural
Often speed is slower for gas, and property to gas hydrates reservoir has special requirement, only when gas hydrates are stored up
Layer is located at when near temperature and pressure equilibrium boundary, and decompression method just has economic feasibility.
Because gas hydrates are buried in marine rock, compared with oil, natural gas, the difficulty of probing will greatly very
It is many, it is difficult to exploit and transports.Gas hydrates are a kind of metastable state mineral, are buried in solid form, in recovery process
Mining site is easily lead to cave in.Current hydrate exploitation technology generally existing production efficiency is low, production cost is high, recovery process
Middle reservoir easily cave in unstability the problems such as, in order to overcome the defect of prior art, it is proposed that a kind of sea bottom hydrate quarrying apparatus,
For efficient, the large scale mining of realizing hydrate open up a new way.
The content of the invention：
The present invention relates to a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device, mainly include：Extracting boat, vortex tube, air collecting pipe, gas production
Sleeve pipe and gas skirt, are disposed with hydrate regeneration room and gas compressor, the outlet peace of gas compressor on described extracting boat
Equipped with high pressure steam separator, the one outlet of high pressure steam separator is connected by pipeline with hydrate regeneration room, and another outlet passes through
Gas injection pipeline is connected with the minor air cell of vortex tube, and the cold end pipe end of vortex tube is deep into air collecting pipe, the periphery peace of air collecting pipe
Equipped with gas production sleeve pipe, the outlet of air collecting pipe is connected with the air inlet of natural gas collecting cover, and natural gas collecting cover gas outlet passes through
Gas gathering line is connected with the entrance of low pressure steam separator, and the one outlet of low pressure steam separator is connected with the import of gas compressor,
Another outlet is connected with gas engine air supply opening.
Described vortex tube is made up of minor air cell, cold end pipe, end tube, and end tube outlet is provided with thermal regulating valve, cold
End pipe end is provided with the cold air connecting tube being arranged symmetrically, and cold air connecting tube is formed with gas production pipe outer wall and gas production internal surface of sleeve pipe
Cold air ring cavity is connected.
Be disposed with measuring pump on described extracting boat, the water inlet submergence of measuring pump in the seawater, outlet by pipeline with
Hydrate generation room is connected.
Condenser is disposed with described hydrate regeneration room, the entrance of condenser is by cold air recovery line and cold air ring
Chamber is connected, and the outlet of condenser is connected with the import of gas compressor.
Described air collecting pipe is cylindrical shape with gas production sleeve pipe, and gas production sleeve pipe one end is fixed on sea bed, and the other end is deep
To below sea bed, air collecting pipe is arranged in gas production sleeve pipe, connects gas skirt and hydrate cavity, coaxial with the two holding.
Described gas skirt may float on sea level, and its bottom surface level, its bottom surface is provided with air inlet, and top is provided with
Gas outlet, is provided with pressure sensor, temperature sensor and automatic regulating valve on gas outlet.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) worked as driven by energy gas compressor by the use of the natural gas for producing, without extra power, corollary system
Few, cost of winning is low；
(2) the thermal current heating hydrate mineral reserve produced using vortex tube, using mineral reserve in cold airflow holding production process
Stability Analysis of Structures, it is applied widely, layer is hidden to hydrate without particular/special requirement.
(3) it is environmentally safe without chemical agent, realize environmental protection exploitation.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is composition schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is vortex tube operation principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is Section A-A schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is gas skirt structural representation.
In figure：1- extracting boats；2- vortex tubes；3- air collecting pipes；4- gas production sleeve pipes；5- gas skirts；6- hydrate regeneration rooms；7-
Gas compressor；8- high pressure steam separators；9- gas injection pipelines；10- gas gathering lines；11- low pressure steam separators；12- gas engines；
13- condensers；14- cold air recovery lines；15- measuring pumps；16- minor air cells；17- cold end pipes；18- end tubes；19- heating power is adjusted
Valve；20- air inlets；21- gas outlets；22- cold air connecting tubes；23- pressure sensors；24- temperature sensors；25- cold air ring cavities；
26- automatic regulating valves；27- hydrate cavitys.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention relates to a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device, mainly include：Extracting boat 1, vortex tube 2, air collecting pipe 3,
Gas production sleeve pipe 4 and gas skirt 5, are disposed with hydrate regeneration room 6 and gas compressor 7, gas compressor on described extracting boat 1
7 outlet is provided with high pressure steam separator 8, and the one outlet of high pressure steam separator 8 is connected by pipeline with hydrate regeneration room 6,
Another outlet is connected by gas injection pipeline 9 with the minor air cell 16 of vortex tube 2, and the end of cold end pipe 17 of vortex tube 2 is deep into gas production
In pipe 3, the periphery of air collecting pipe 3 is provided with gas production sleeve pipe 4, and the outlet of air collecting pipe 3 is connected with the air inlet 20 of natural gas collecting cover 5
Logical, the gas outlet 21 of gas skirt 5 is connected by gas gathering line 10 with the entrance of low pressure steam separator 11, and the one of low pressure steam separator 11
Individual outlet is connected with the import of gas compressor 7, and another outlet is connected with the air supply opening of gas engine 12.
As shown in Fig. 2 described vortex tube 2 is made up of minor air cell 16, cold end pipe 17, end tube 18, end tube 18 is exported
Thermal regulating valve 19 is installed, the end of cold end pipe 17 is provided with the cold air connecting tube 22 being arranged symmetrically.
As shown in figure 3, the cold air ring cavity 25 that cold air connecting tube 22 is formed with the outer wall of air collecting pipe 3 and the inwall of gas production sleeve pipe 4
It is connected.
The high-pressure natural gas for coming from high pressure steam separator 8 enter vortex tube 2 by gas injection pipeline 9.Vortex tube 2 is a kind of energy
Gases at high pressure can be separated into hot and cold two fluids by amount separator, and this phenomenon is to be referred to as Energy separation performance, also known as
Ranque effects.As shown in Fig. 2 high-pressure natural gas tangentially enter minor air cell 16 with speed very high, air-flow is in vortex
Formed in room 16 and be vortexed at a high speed, the unequal two parts air-flow of temperature is separated under eddy current effect effect.Wherein, in center
The reflux airflow temperature reduction at position, forms cold airflow, is flowed out by the cold air connecting tube 22 of the end of cold end pipe 17, and is in outer layer
The gas flow temperature at position is raised, and forms thermal current, is flowed out from the heat outlet of end tube 18, and end tube 18 is at heat outlet
Thermal regulating valve 19 is installed.Can control to enter the gas flow ratio of cold end pipe 17 and end tube 18 by thermal regulating valve 19
Example, and then change the gas flow temperature of cold air outlet and heat outlet.
As shown in figure 1, the high-temperature natural gas discharged from the end of end tube 18 of vortex tube 2 are directly entered hydrate hide, with
Solid hydrate carries out sufficient heat exchange.Solid-state hydrate is heated and undergoes phase transition, and decomposites methane gas, forms hydrate empty
Chamber 27.With the continuous injection of thermal current, solid-state hydrate split amount gradually increases, and the cavity volume for being formed constantly increases
Greatly.The natural gas of decomposition enters natural gas collecting cover 5 by air collecting pipe 3.
As shown in figure 1, in order to ensure that hydrate does not cave at the middle and upper levels in recovery process, in the periphery peace of air collecting pipe 3
Equipped with gas production sleeve pipe 4.Air collecting pipe 3 is cylindrical shape with gas production sleeve pipe 4, and the one end of gas production sleeve pipe 4 is fixed on sea bed, other end depth
Enter to below sea bed, air collecting pipe 3 is arranged in gas production sleeve pipe 4, connect gas skirt 5 and hydrate cavity 27, it is same with the two holding
Axle.
Fig. 3 is Section A-A schematic diagram, and the low-temperature airflow for coming from cold air connecting tube 22 enters the outer wall of air collecting pipe 3 and gas production
The cold air ring cavity 25 that the inwall of sleeve pipe 4 is formed.Under the protection of cold airflow, its vicinity hydrate will not be sent out because heat is invaded
Solution estranged causes to cave in, so as to ensure gas producing technology safety and stability.Cold air recovery line is also equipped with gas production sleeve pipe 4
14, cold airflow is connected by cold air recovery tube 14 with the condenser 13 in hydrate regeneration room 6, and hydrate is reduced by heat exchange
Temperature in regeneration room 6, promotes hydrate to regenerate, defeated with outer to store.
As shown in figure 4, gas skirt 5 is floated on sea level, and its bottom surface level, its bottom surface is provided with air inlet 20, top
Gas outlet 21 is provided with, pressure sensor 23 and temperature sensor 24 and automatic regulating valve 26 are installed on gas outlet 21.Come
Gradually accumulated in gas skirt 5 from the natural gas in air collecting pipe 3, pressure gradually increases in gas skirt 5, by installed in gas outlet
Pressure sensor 23 and temperature sensor 24 on 21 can carry out real-time monitoring to temperature, pressure in gas skirt 5.When gas skirt 5
When interior pressure reaches setting value, automatic regulating valve 26 is opened, and the natural gas in gas skirt 5 is transported into combustion gas by gas gathering line 10
The low pressure steam separator 11 of the porch of compressor 7.
The function of low pressure steam separator 11 is that the natural gas of extraction is divided into two, and wherein sub-fraction is supplied to as fuel
Gas engine 12, gas engine 12 drives gas compressor 7 to work.Most gases then enter gas compressor entrance
Pipe, is pressurized by gas compressor 7.
The outlet of gas compressor 7 is provided with high pressure steam separator 8, and its function is that the high-pressure natural gas after supercharging are divided into two
Point：Wherein sub-fraction enters vortex tube 2 by gas injection pipeline 9, by producing thermal current, make decomposition of hydrate in storage from
And carry out gas production；Remaining most of compressed natural gas then regenerates hydrate into hydrate regeneration room 6.
Hydrate generation primary condition be：The presence of high pressure, low temperature and water.Into the natural of hydrate regeneration room 6
Gas is by the gas after supercharging, so as to meet condition of high voltage.To realize being provided with condenser 13 in low temperature, hydrate regeneration room 6,
When the cryogenic gas for coming from cold air ring cavity 25 passes through condenser 13, enter by with the high-pressure natural gas in hydrate regeneration room 6
Row heat exchange, reduces the temperature of natural gas, reaches hydrate generation temperature, meets hydrate generation temperature requirement.And water is by counting
Amount pump 15 is provided.The water inlet of measuring pump 15 is arranged on extra large underwater, and the suction of a certain amount of seawater is filled into hydrate regeneration room 6
It is interior.In low temperature, high pressure and there is water to deposit at ambient, hydrate is crystallized rapidly in hydrate regeneration room 6, and natural gas turns again
It is changed into solid-state, is easy to further storage and transport.
Hydrate regeneration room 6 can be made into easy-to-dismount skid structure, when using can use two covering devices, a set of production,
It is a set of standby, switch in turn.After hydrate is full of hydrate regeneration room 6, pulled down, transported by cargo ship.It is logical
Cross standby hydrate regeneration room 6 and proceed production.When cargo ship is returned, due to the hydrate in hydrate regeneration room 6
Unloading, can put into production again.So circulation, so as to realize uninterrupted continuous production.
The ingenious utilization vortex tube of the present invention can simultaneously produce the principle of cold airflow and thermal current, by hot gas Traffic Decomposition solid
Hydrate carries out gas production, and preventing and treating reservoir by the firm air collecting pipe 3 of cold airflow caves in, while providing cold, promotes hydrate again
Generation, to transport.Compared with existing hydrate exploitation technology, it is natural that present invention dependence hydrate is produced during carrying out
Gas, without consuming additional energy source, has the advantages that cost of investment is low, operating cost is few, environmentally friendly, efficient as power source, can use
In sea bottom hydrate large scale mining.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus, it is characterised in that：Mainly include extracting boat (1), vortex tube (2), adopt
Tracheae (3), gas production sleeve pipe (4) and collecting hood (5), are disposed with hydrate regeneration room (6) and gas compressor on extracting boat (1)
(7), the outlet of gas compressor (7) is provided with high pressure steam separator (8), the one outlet of high pressure steam separator (8) by pipeline with
Hydrate regeneration room (6) is connected, and another outlet is connected by gas injection pipeline (9) with the minor air cell (16) of vortex tube (2), vortex
Cold end pipe (17) end for managing (2) is deep into air collecting pipe (3), and the periphery of air collecting pipe (3) is provided with gas production sleeve pipe (4), gas production
The outlet for managing (3) is connected with the bottom air inlet (20) of natural gas collecting hood (5), natural gas collecting hood (5) top gas outlet
(21) it is connected with the entrance of low pressure steam separator (11) by gas gathering line (10), one outlet and the combustion of low pressure steam separator (11)
The import of air compressor (7) is connected, and another outlet is connected with gas engine (12) air supply opening.
2. a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described vortex tube (2)
It is made up of minor air cell (16), cold end pipe (17), end tube (18), end tube (18) outlet is provided with thermal regulating valve (19), cold
End pipe (17) end is provided with the cold air connecting tube (22) being arranged symmetrically, cold air connecting tube (22) and air collecting pipe (3) outer wall and gas production
The cold air ring cavity (25) that sleeve pipe (4) inwall is formed is connected.
3. a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device according to claim 1, measuring pump is disposed with described extracting boat 1
(15), in the seawater, outlet generates room (6) and is connected by pipeline and hydrate for the water inlet submergence of measuring pump (15).
4. a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described hydrate regeneration
Indoor (6) are disposed with condenser (13), and the entrance of condenser (13) passes through cold air recovery line (14) and cold air ring cavity (25) phase
Connection, the outlet of condenser (13) is connected with the import of gas compressor (7).
5. a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described air collecting pipe (3)
Cylindrical shape is with gas production sleeve pipe (4), gas production sleeve pipe (4) one end is fixed on sea bed, and the other end is deep into below sea bed, gas production
Pipe (3) keeps coaxial with gas production sleeve pipe (4), and through gas production sleeve pipe (4), air collecting pipe (3) two ends are respectively communicated with gas skirt (5) and water
Compound cavity (27).
6. a kind of gas hydrate exploitation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described gas skirt (5)
May float on sea level, its bottom surface level, bottom surface is provided with air inlet (20), top is provided with gas outlet (21), gas outlet
(21) pressure sensor (23), temperature sensor (24) and automatic regulating valve (26) are installed on.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710190397.9A CN106884627B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710190397.9A CN106884627B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106884627A true CN106884627A (en) | 2017-06-23 |
| CN106884627B CN106884627B (en) | 2019-03-26 |
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| CN201710190397.9A Expired - Fee Related CN106884627B (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | A kind of sea bed gas hydrate quarrying apparatus |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108915644A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-30 | 韦伟 | A method of improving combustible ice stoping safety |
| CN111155972A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-05-15 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| CN111963125A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-20 | 唐国祥 | In-situ thermal shock method natural gas hydrate exploitation device |
| CN114135254A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-04 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate solid fluidization-depressurization combined mining method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108915644A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-30 | 韦伟 | A method of improving combustible ice stoping safety |
| CN111155972A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-05-15 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Covering type deep-sea mud volcanic type natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| CN111963125A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-20 | 唐国祥 | In-situ thermal shock method natural gas hydrate exploitation device |
| CN114135254A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-04 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrate solid fluidization-depressurization combined mining method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106884627B (en) | 2019-03-26 |
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