CN108005618B - Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method based on solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method based on solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005618B CN108005618B CN201711288676.5A CN201711288676A CN108005618B CN 108005618 B CN108005618 B CN 108005618B CN 201711288676 A CN201711288676 A CN 201711288676A CN 108005618 B CN108005618 B CN 108005618B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology. The method mainly relates to an offshore floating platform, a solar heat collection unit, a seawater source heat pump unit, a solar power generation unit, a submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation unit and a monitoring control unit. The method utilizes abundant solar energy and seawater energy in the sea area to supply heat, is used as a basic heat source for exploiting the seabed natural gas hydrate by a heat injection method, simultaneously utilizes solar energy to generate power, supplies power for power consumption equipment such as a compressor, a superheating device, a pump and the like in a system, and is a method for exploiting the natural gas hydrate by combining the solar energy and the seawater energy. The method can utilize renewable solar energy and seawater energy resources to efficiently mine the submarine natural gas hydrate resources, greatly reduces the input cost of a mining heat source, has simple process, has multiple benefits of economy, environment, society and the like, and is beneficial to large-scale commercial mining of the natural gas hydrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, and particularly relates to a natural gas hydrate exploitation device and method based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology.
Background
Natural gas hydrates are a potentially large class of clean energy sources with reserves about 2 times the sum of all fossil fuels worldwide currently being identified, at least 1.0x10 13 Tons. There are challenges to efficiently and economically producing a large reserve of natural gas resources from a hydrate reservoir.
Because the stable presence of natural gas hydrate requires specific temperature and pressure conditions, it is typically distributed in frozen earth or in submarine sediments with water depths exceeding 300 meters. If the temperature is increased or the pressure is reduced, the natural gas hydrate will become unstable and decompose to release methane gas. Therefore, the high-efficiency exploitation of the submarine natural gas hydrate can be realized by breaking the thermodynamic condition of the submarine natural gas hydrate in stable existence.
At present, successful methods through actual verification of mining sites mainly comprise a depressurization method, a chemical reagent injection method, a heat injection method and CO 2 Substitution methods, and the like. Depressurization is by lowering the reservoir pressure below the hydrate formation pressure; chemical injection is to inject certain chemical reagents (such as methanol, ethanol, glycol, etc.) into the formation to change the phase equilibrium conditions of hydrate formation; the heat injection method mainly comprises the steps of injecting steam, hot water, hot brine or other hot fluid into a natural gas hydrate reservoir to enable the temperature of the natural gas hydrate reservoir to be higher than the hydrate generation temperature; CO 2 The substitution method is to convert CO 2 (or contain CO) 2 Mixture of displacement methods) is injected into the hydrate reservoir to displace CH in the hydrate 4 At the same time CO 2 Buried in the sea floor. In practical applications, the above methods have certain limitations, such as inefficiency of depressurization, high cost and pollution of chemical injection, heat loss of heat injection, and CO 2 The mechanism of the displacement method is unknown. The heat injection method can effectively promote the decomposition of the hydrate, has wide application range, can solve the problem of heat loss in the well exploitation process, provides a large amount of economic and cheap heat sources for the development of hydrate resources, and is beneficial to the realization of the large-scale exploitation of the natural gas hydrate.
Aiming at the fact that a great amount of energy is consumed in the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate by a heat injection method, the invention provides the natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology, renewable solar energy and seawater energy resources are utilized to obtain a great amount of heat which can be used for the exploitation of the hydrate, and the whole process is economical, environment-friendly and energy-saving.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology, which aims to solve the problem that a great amount of energy is required to be consumed in the exploitation process of the submarine natural gas hydrate by a heat injection method and reduce the exploitation cost. The method fully utilizes renewable solar energy and seawater energy resources rich in the sea area to prepare a large amount of cheap heat which can be used for hydrate exploitation, and the whole process is economic, environment-friendly and energy-saving.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a natural gas hydrate exploitation device and a natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology, which are realized through the following technical scheme.
The natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology is mainly realized by an offshore floating platform, a solar heat collector, a seawater source heat pump, a solar power generation unit, a submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation unit and a monitoring controller, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Drilling more than two horizontal wells in a natural gas hydrate reservoir by using a deep sea drilling technology; the horizontal well comprises more than one production well and more than one production well; perforations are arranged at the horizontal section of the exploitation well and are used for injecting hot fluid into the hydrate reservoir; arranging a gas-liquid collecting sleeve at the horizontal section of the extraction well for collecting methane gas generated by decomposition;
(2) Building an offshore floating platform (22), arranging a solar heat collector (1), a seawater source heat pump (10), a solar power generation device (6), a monitoring controller (20) and auxiliary equipment, paving a pipeline for inputting heat injection fluid into a submarine hydrate reservoir exploitation well, arranging a superheating device (14) at the bottom of a vertical section of the exploitation well for heating the heat injection fluid, and erecting a cable between a solar power generation unit and a downhole superheating device; the solar power generation unit comprises a storage battery (5), a solar power generation device (6) and a control conversion device (7);
(3) Starting a solar power generation unit, collecting solar radiation energy by a photovoltaic panel, converting the solar radiation energy into electric energy, and using the generated electric energy for maintaining normal operation of a compressor, a superheating device and a pump in the system;
(4) The natural gas hydrate is promoted to decompose in a depressurization mode at the initial stage of exploitation, the aim of changing the structure of a hydrate reservoir is achieved, a large number of pore channels are induced to be generated, the permeability of the reservoir is improved, and the diffusion of heat injection fluid in the reservoir is facilitated; when the pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir is reduced to below 15% of the equilibrium pressure of the hydrate phase corresponding to the temperature of the reservoir, the gas hydrate reservoir is mined by a transfer injection thermal method, namely, injection of thermal fluid is carried out through a mining well, and hydrate is injected into the hydrate reservoir through horizontal section perforation, so that the hydrate is promoted to be decomposed;
(5) In the hydrate transfer heat injection method exploitation stage, solar energy-sea water source heat pump is used for supplying heat in a combined way, energy collected by a solar heat collector and the sea water source heat pump is used for supplying energy, heat injection fluid is pumped from an exploitation well mouth after being heated at 60-100 ℃, and after being heated by a heat device, hydrate storage layers are injected from perforation positions of a horizontal section of the exploitation well;
(6) The monitoring control unit ensures safe and efficient operation of the whole mining process, collects system operation information through the temperature and pressure sensors, judges the operation state of the system, timely controls the operation of the valve and the pump, realizes the switching of the operation modes of the system, and meets the mining requirements under different conditions.
In the above method, the heat injection fluid is strong brine, methanol, glycol, seawater or a mixed solution thereof.
In the above method, the superheating device is an electric heater, a microwave heater, an ultrasonic wave generating device, or a combination thereof.
In the above method, the switching of the operation modes of the system depends on the temperature of the seawater and the intensity of solar radiation, and the method can be specifically divided into the following five modes:
(1) The solar heat collection unit is used for independently supplying heat in a way of: in the initial stage of heat injection method exploitation, the hydrate saturation is higher, the required heat load is smaller, and the sun is usedThe heat-collecting unit can provide higher temperature and fluid temperatureTThe temperature is more than or equal to 60 ℃, the exploitation requirement is met, and a seawater source heat pump unit is not required to be started;
(2) The solar energy and sea water source heat pump parallel heat supply mode: the temperature of the solar heat collection unit after heating the fluid is 40 ℃ or lessTThe temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the fluid at the outlet of the heat storage water tank is connected with a condenser of the seawater source heat pump unit in parallel to supply heat in parallel;
(3) The solar energy and sea water source heat pump series heat supply mode: the temperature of the solar heat collection unit after heating the fluid is 20 ℃ or lessTEntering an evaporator of a seawater source heat pump unit at the temperature of less than or equal to 40 ℃ to perform series heat supply;
(4) The independent heat supply mode of the seawater source heat pump: after the solar heat collection unit heats the fluid,Tstopping the solar energy system to work at the temperature of less than or equal to 10 ℃ and independently supplying heat by utilizing a seawater source heat pump;
(5) The solar power generation unit adopts a single heat supply mode: under meteorological conditions such as winter, night or overcast and rainy days, the heat provided by the solar heat collection unit and the seawater source heat pump unit can not meet the requirements of natural gas hydrate heat injection method exploitation, the system can be heated by the solar power generation unit, and the continuous operation of the system is ensured by releasing the stored standby electric quantity.
A natural gas hydrate exploitation device based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology comprises a solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank, a valve, a pump, a plate heat exchanger, a seawater source heat pump, an exploitation wellhead, an overburden stratum, an exploitation well, a subsurface stratum, a hydrate reservoir, an exploitation well wellhead, a gas-liquid separator, an offshore floating platform, a heat injection fluid input pipe, a gas-liquid collection sleeve and perforations; the hydrate reservoir is internally provided with a production well and a production well, a production well wellhead is arranged outside the production well, the production well wellhead is connected with a gas-liquid separator, a gas-liquid collecting sleeve is arranged at the horizontal section of the production well, the production well wellhead is arranged outside the production well, and a perforation is arranged at the horizontal section of the production well; the pump, the valve, the heat storage water tank and the solar heat collector are sequentially connected, an outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat storage water tank, and the heat storage water tank is connected with a wellhead of a exploitation well through a heat injection fluid input pipe; the seawater source heat pump, the plate heat exchanger and the offshore floating platform are sequentially connected, the offshore floating platform is sequentially connected with the plate heat exchanger and the seawater source heat pump through pumps, and the seawater source heat pump is connected with a wellhead of a production well through a heat injection fluid input pipe; a pipeline is arranged between the heat storage water tank and the plate heat exchanger, the seawater source heat pump is connected with the pump, and the seawater source heat pump is connected with the heat storage water tank; the hydrate reservoir is located below the overburden and above the underburden.
The invention also comprises a storage battery, a solar power generation device, a control conversion device and an overheating device; the overheat device is arranged in the exploitation well and is connected with the control conversion device through a cable, and the control conversion device is respectively connected with the storage battery and the solar power generation device.
In the device, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged in the exploitation well, the extraction well and the heat storage water tank, and the temperature and pressure sensors are connected with the monitoring controller.
In the device, the seawater source heat pump consists of an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an internal circulating pump; the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, the throttling device and the internal circulation pump are connected end to end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The low-quality solar energy and the seawater energy in the sea area are converted and utilized, so that high-grade natural gas is extracted, and the energy utilization efficiency is remarkably improved;
(2) Solar energy and seawater can be used as a rich renewable energy source, and can continuously provide heat and electric energy for exploiting the submarine natural gas hydrate, so that the production cost is greatly reduced;
(3) According to meteorological conditions and system operation requirements, the system operation mode is switched in time, so that the problem of low mining efficiency in winter, night or overcast and rainy days is effectively avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on a solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a seawater source heat pump.
The individual components in the figure are as follows:
the solar heat collector 1, the heat storage water tank 2, the valve 3, the pump 4, the storage battery 5, the solar power generation device 6, the control conversion device 7, the temperature and pressure sensor 8, the plate heat exchanger 9, the seawater source heat pump 10, the production well head 11, the overburden 12, the production well 13, the superheating device 14, the overburden 15, the hydrate reservoir 16, the production well 17, the production well head 18, the gas-liquid separator 19, the monitoring controller 20, the cable 21, the offshore floating platform 22, the heat injection fluid input pipe 23, the gas-liquid collection sleeve 24, the perforation 25, the evaporator 26, the compressor 27, the condenser 28, the throttling device 29, and the internal circulation pump 30.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and may be performed with reference to conventional techniques for process parameters that are not specifically noted.
The natural gas hydrate exploitation device based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology comprises a solar heat collector 1, a heat storage water tank 2, a valve 3, a pump 4, a plate heat exchanger 9, a seawater source heat pump 10, a exploitation well wellhead 11, an overburden layer 12, a exploitation well 13, an overburden layer 15, a hydrate reservoir 16, a exploitation well 17, a exploitation well wellhead 18, a gas-liquid separator 19, an offshore floating platform 22, a heat injection fluid input pipe 23, a gas-liquid collection sleeve 24 and perforations 25; the hydrate reservoir 16 is internally provided with a production well 13 and a production well 17, a production well wellhead 18 is arranged outside the production well 17, the production well wellhead 18 is connected with a gas-liquid separator 19, a gas-liquid collecting sleeve 24 is arranged at the horizontal section of the production well 17, a production well wellhead 11 is arranged outside the production well 13, and a perforation 25 is arranged at the horizontal section of the production well 13; the pump 4, the valve 3, the heat storage water tank 2 and the solar heat collector 1 are sequentially connected, an outlet of the solar heat collector 1 is connected with the heat storage water tank 2, and the heat storage water tank 2 is connected with a wellhead 11 of a production well through a heat injection fluid input pipe 23; the seawater source heat pump 10, the plate heat exchanger 9 and the offshore floating platform 22 are sequentially connected, the offshore floating platform 22 is sequentially connected with the plate heat exchanger 9 and the seawater source heat pump 10 through pumps, and the seawater source heat pump 10 is connected with the exploitation wellhead 11 through a heat injection fluid input pipe 23; a pipeline is arranged between the heat storage water tank 2 and the plate heat exchanger 9, the seawater source heat pump 10 is connected with the pump 4, and the seawater source heat pump 10 is connected with the heat storage water tank 2; the hydrate reservoir 16 is located below the overburden 12 and above the underburden 15. The solar energy power generation device comprises a storage battery 5, a solar energy power generation device 6, a control conversion device 7 and an overheating device 14; the overheating device 14 is arranged in the exploitation well 13, the overheating device 14 is connected with the control conversion device 7 through a cable 21, and the control conversion device 7 is respectively connected with the storage battery 5 and the solar power generation device 6. Temperature and pressure sensors 8 are arranged in the exploitation well 13, the exploitation well 17 and the heat storage water tank 2, and the temperature and pressure sensors 8 are connected with a monitoring controller 20. The seawater source heat pump 10 consists of an evaporator 26, a compressor 27, a condenser 28, a throttling device 29 and an internal circulating pump 30; the evaporator 26, the compressor 27, the condenser 28, the throttle device 29 and the internal circulation pump 30 are connected end to end.
The method of the invention is as follows:
(1) Drilling more than two horizontal wells in the natural gas hydrate reservoir 16 using deep sea drilling techniques; the horizontal well comprises more than one production well 13 and more than one production well 17; perforations 25 are provided at the horizontal section of the production well for injecting hot fluid into the hydrate reservoir; a gas-liquid collecting sleeve 24 is arranged at the horizontal section of the extraction well and is used for collecting methane gas generated by decomposition;
(2) Building an offshore floating platform 22, arranging a solar heat collection unit 1, a seawater source heat pump unit 10, a solar power generation unit 6, a monitoring control unit 20 and auxiliary equipment, paving a pipeline 23 for inputting heat injection fluid into a submarine hydrate reservoir exploitation well, arranging a superheating device 14 at the bottom of a vertical section of the exploitation well for heating the heat injection fluid, and erecting a cable 21 between the solar power generation unit and the downhole superheating device;
(3) Starting a solar power generation unit 6, collecting solar radiation energy by a photovoltaic panel, converting the solar radiation energy into electric energy, and using the generated electric energy for maintaining normal operation of power consumption equipment such as a compressor 25, a superheating device 14, a pump 4 and the like in the system;
(4) The natural gas hydrate is promoted to decompose in a depressurization mode at the initial stage of exploitation, the aim of changing the structure of a hydrate reservoir is achieved, a large number of pore channels are induced to be generated, the permeability of the reservoir is improved, and the diffusion of heat injection fluid in the reservoir is facilitated. When the pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir is reduced to below 15% of the equilibrium pressure of the hydrate phase corresponding to the temperature of the reservoir, the gas hydrate reservoir is mined by a transfer injection thermal method, namely, injection of thermal fluid is carried out through a mining well, and hydrate is injected into the hydrate reservoir through horizontal section perforation, so that the hydrate is promoted to be decomposed;
(5) In the hydrate transfer heat injection method exploitation stage, solar energy-sea water source heat pump is used for supplying heat in a combined way, energy collected by a solar heat collector and the sea water source heat pump is used for supplying energy, heat injection fluid is pumped from an exploitation well mouth (11) after being heated at 60 ℃, and after being heated by a heat device, hydrate storage layers are injected from perforation positions of a horizontal section of the exploitation well;
(6) The monitoring control unit ensures safe and efficient operation of the whole exploitation process, collects system operation information through the temperature and pressure sensors, judges the operation state of the system, timely controls the operation of the valve 3 and the pump 4, realizes the switching of the operation modes of the system, and meets the exploitation demands under different conditions.
The heat injection fluid may be strong brine, methanol, ethylene glycol, seawater, and mixed solutions thereof.
The superheating means may be an electric heater, a microwave heater, an ultrasonic wave generating means, and combinations thereof.
The switching of the operation modes of the system is determined according to the temperature of the sea water and the intensity of solar radiation, and the switching can be concretely divided into the following five modes:
(1) The solar heat collection unit is used for independently supplying heat in a way of: in the initial stage of heat injection method exploitation, the hydrate saturation is higher, the required heat load is smaller, the temperature provided by the solar heat collection unit is higher, and the fluid temperature is higherTThe temperature is more than or equal to 60 ℃, the exploitation requirement is met, a seawater source heat pump unit is not required to be started, the valve a, b, C, d is opened, and other valves are closed;
(2) Solar energy and sea water source heat pumpAnd (3) a combined heat supply mode: the temperature of the solar heat collection unit after heating the fluid is 40 ℃ or lessTAt the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃, the fluid at the outlet of the heat storage water tank is connected with a condenser (26) of the seawater source heat pump unit in parallel to supply heat in parallel, a valve a, b, C, d, g, h, i, j, k, l is opened, and other valves are closed;
(3) The solar energy and sea water source heat pump series heat supply mode: the temperature of the solar heat collection unit after heating the fluid is 20 ℃ or lessTFluid at the outlet of the heat storage water tank enters the evaporator 24 of the seawater source heat pump unit to supply heat in series, the valve a, b, e, f, k, l is opened, and other valves are closed;
(4) The independent heat supply mode of the seawater source heat pump: after the solar heat collection unit heats the fluid,Tstopping the solar energy system at the temperature of less than or equal to 10 ℃, independently supplying heat g, h, k, l by utilizing a seawater source heat pump, and closing other valves;
(5) The solar power generation unit adopts a single heat supply mode: under meteorological conditions such as winter, night or overcast and rainy days, the heat provided by the solar heat collection unit and the seawater source heat pump unit can not meet the requirements of natural gas hydrate heat injection method exploitation, the system can be heated by the solar power generation unit, and the continuous operation of the system is ensured by releasing the stored standby electric quantity.
Claims (6)
1. The natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Drilling more than two horizontal wells in a natural gas hydrate reservoir by using a deep sea drilling technology; the horizontal well comprises more than one production well and more than one production well; perforations are arranged at the horizontal section of the exploitation well and are used for injecting hot fluid into the hydrate reservoir; arranging a gas-liquid collecting sleeve at the horizontal section of the extraction well for collecting methane gas generated by decomposition;
(2) Building an offshore floating platform (22), arranging a solar heat collector (1), a seawater source heat pump (10), a solar power generation device (6), a monitoring controller (20) and auxiliary equipment, paving a pipeline for inputting heat injection fluid into a submarine hydrate reservoir exploitation well, arranging a superheating device (14) at the bottom of a vertical section of the exploitation well for heating the heat injection fluid, and erecting a cable between a solar power generation unit and a downhole superheating device; the solar power generation unit comprises a storage battery (5), a solar power generation device (6) and a control conversion device (7);
(3) Starting a solar power generation unit, collecting solar radiation energy by a photovoltaic panel, converting the solar radiation energy into electric energy, and using the generated electric energy for maintaining normal operation of a compressor, a superheating device and a pump in the system;
(4) The natural gas hydrate is promoted to decompose in a depressurization mode at the initial stage of exploitation, the aim of changing the structure of a hydrate reservoir is achieved, a large number of pore channels are induced to be generated, the permeability of the reservoir is improved, and the diffusion of heat injection fluid in the reservoir is facilitated; when the pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir is reduced to below 15% of the equilibrium pressure of the hydrate phase corresponding to the temperature of the reservoir, the gas hydrate reservoir is mined by a transfer injection thermal method, namely, injection of thermal fluid is carried out through a mining well, and hydrate is injected into the hydrate reservoir through horizontal section perforation, so that the hydrate is promoted to be decomposed;
(5) In the hydrate transfer heat injection method exploitation stage, solar energy-sea water source heat pump is used for supplying heat in a combined way, the energy collected by a solar heat collector and the sea water source heat pump is used for supplying energy, heat injection fluid is pumped from the well mouth of the exploitation well after being heated to 60-100 ℃, and after being heated by a heat device, hydrate reservoir is injected into the perforation part of the horizontal section of the exploitation well;
(6) The monitoring control unit ensures safe and efficient operation of the whole mining process, collects system operation information through the temperature and pressure sensors, judges the operation state of the system, timely controls the operation of the valve and the pump, realizes the switching of the operation modes of the system, and meets the mining requirements under different conditions.
2. The method for exploiting natural gas hydrate based on solar-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology according to claim 1, wherein the heat injection fluid is strong brine, methanol, glycol, seawater and mixed solution thereof.
3. The method for exploiting natural gas hydrate based on solar-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology according to claim 1, wherein the superheating device is an electric heater, a microwave heater, an ultrasonic wave generating device and a combination thereof.
4. The natural gas hydrate exploitation method based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the system operation mode is switched according to the seawater temperature and the solar radiation intensity, and the method is specifically divided into the following five modes:
(1) The solar heat collection unit is used for independently supplying heat in a way of: in the initial exploitation stage of the heat injection method, the hydrate saturation is higher, the required heat load is smaller, the temperature provided by the solar heat collection unit is higher, the fluid temperature T is more than or equal to 60 ℃, the exploitation requirement is met, and a seawater source heat pump unit is not required to be started;
(2) The solar energy and sea water source heat pump parallel heat supply mode: the temperature of the fluid heated by the solar heat collection unit is more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 60 ℃, the fluid cannot be directly injected into the stratum, and at the moment, the fluid at the outlet of the heat storage water tank is connected with a condenser of the seawater source heat pump unit in parallel to supply heat in parallel;
(3) The solar energy and sea water source heat pump series heat supply mode: the temperature of the fluid heated by the solar heat collection unit is more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 40 ℃, and the fluid enters the evaporator of the seawater source heat pump unit to carry out series heat supply;
(4) The independent heat supply mode of the seawater source heat pump: after the solar heat collection unit heats the fluid,
t is less than or equal to 10 ℃, the solar energy system is stopped to work, and the seawater source heat pump is used for independently supplying heat;
(5) The solar power generation unit adopts a single heat supply mode: under meteorological conditions such as winter, night or overcast and rainy days, the heat provided by the solar heat collection unit and the seawater source heat pump unit can not meet the requirements of natural gas hydrate heat injection method exploitation, the system can be heated by the solar power generation unit, and the continuous operation of the system is ensured by releasing the stored standby electric quantity.
5. The natural gas hydrate exploitation device based on the solar energy-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector (1), a heat storage water tank (2), a valve (3), a pump (4), a plate heat exchanger (9), a seawater source heat pump (10), an exploitation well mouth (11), an overburden stratum (12), an exploitation well (13), a underburden stratum (15), a hydrate reservoir (16), an exploitation well (17), an exploitation well mouth (18), a gas-liquid separator (19), an offshore floating platform (22), a heat injection fluid input pipe (23), a gas-liquid collection sleeve (24) and perforations (25); the hydrate reservoir (16) is internally provided with a production well (13) and a production well (17), a production well mouth (18) is arranged outside the production well (17), the production well mouth (18) is connected with a gas-liquid separator (19), a gas-liquid collecting sleeve (24) is arranged on the horizontal section of the production well (17), a production well mouth (11) is arranged outside the production well (13), and a perforation (25) is arranged on the horizontal section of the production well (13); the pump (4), the valve (3), the heat storage water tank (2) and the solar heat collector (1) are sequentially connected, an outlet of the solar heat collector (1) is connected with the heat storage water tank (2), and the heat storage water tank (2) is connected with a wellhead (11) of a production well through a heat injection fluid input pipe (23); the seawater source heat pump (10), the plate heat exchanger (9) and the offshore floating platform (22) are sequentially connected, the offshore floating platform (22) is sequentially connected with the plate heat exchanger (9) and the seawater source heat pump (10) through pumps, and the seawater source heat pump (10) is connected with a wellhead (11) of a production well through a heat injection fluid input pipe (23); a pipeline is arranged between the heat storage water tank (2) and the plate heat exchanger (9), the seawater source heat pump (10) is connected with the pump (4), and the seawater source heat pump (10) is connected with the heat storage water tank (2); the hydrate reservoir (16) is located below the overburden (12) and above the underburden (15);
the solar energy power generation device also comprises a storage battery (5), a solar energy power generation device (6), a control conversion device (7) and an overheating device (14); the overheating device (14) is arranged in the exploitation well (13), the overheating device (14) is connected with the control conversion device (7) through a cable (21), and the control conversion device (7) is respectively connected with the storage battery (5) and the solar power generation device (6);
temperature and pressure sensors (8) are arranged in the exploitation well (13), the exploitation well (17) and the heat storage water tank (2), and the temperature and pressure sensors (8) are connected with a monitoring controller (20).
6. The natural gas hydrate extraction device based on solar-seawater source heat pump combined heat supply technology according to claim 5, wherein the seawater source heat pump (10) consists of an evaporator (26), a compressor (27), a condenser (28), a throttling device (29) and an internal circulation pump (30); the evaporator (26), the compressor (27), the condenser (28), the throttling device (29) and the internal circulation pump (30) are connected end to end.
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