RU2371638C1 - Borehole heat supply system with underground heat-hydro-accumulation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: borehole heat supply system with underground heat-hydro-accumulation contains water source, connected to feeding tank, communicating to it water conduit, bottom end of which is connected to flow area, installed in water conduit hydraulic turbine, interlocked to located lowerc vortical heat-generator of disk type, casing of which are implemented with ability of fixation and perception by it of reaction moment by reference element under working level of water, pressure of which is enough for manufacture of heat energy. Water conduit is well, water source is superficial reservoir, in area of which it is drilled well or drilled and communicated to it underground water-bearing zone or zones or superficial reservoir with underground zone or zones of communication of feeding tank to water conduit, outfitted by variable water flow control device, for instance regulator-shutter, well space up to placement location of vortical heat-generator is drilled by upright method. Borehole system also contains heat-water consumer, with heat network, allowing input and output pipelines. Hydraulic turbine and vortical heat-generator of disk type are unitised and amount borehole hydro-heat-aggregate, casing of which are rigidly connected, hydraulic turbine is located higher vortical heat-generator of disk type, reference element is pipe string pulled down into well, top end of which is fixed on well head, hydro-heat-aggregate is connected to bottom end of pipe string. Flow area is absorbing space of natural or artificial origin, for instance formed by means of cracking by hydro-rupture collector. It additionally includes production well, which is drilled, for instance formed by means of cracking by hydro-rupture collector, communicated to it, and in conditions when downstream absorbing space is not intersect to vertical well route, well space lower the placement location of hydro-heat-aggregate is drilled as directed up to intersection to flow area. Input pipeline of heat-water consumer is connected to production well, and its output pipeline - to well.

EFFECT: expansion of use environment of downhole system of heat supply, extension of its functional capabilities - giving of ability to accumulate and keep heat energy output, and implementation of closed cycle of heat supply with cost minimisation for creation of heat networks of heat-consumer and heat losses in it.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to energy, in particular to devices for generating heat generated differently than as a result of fuel combustion. It can be used for the production of heat energy and the organization of heat supply to consumers in areas in which there are necessary conditions for the operation of the inventive downhole heat supply system with underground heat and water storage, hereinafter - SST PT-G-A, including for decentralized heat supply of autonomous, remote from centralized engineering communications of consumers. SST PT-G-A allows you to supply the heat generated by using it in hot water without supplying this energy from outside. It can work using low-temperature surface or groundwater, usually located in the upper intervals of the earth's interior, or when combined.

In addition, the claimed SST PT-G-A can be used to create heat reserves and underground storage of thermal energy in the warm season, mainly in the summer periods of floods and its storage, for subsequent use in the cold season (heating period) for heating, ventilation and hot water supply, that is, it can be used for energy supply, and especially remote areas. Using it will reduce the cost of implementing the "northern delivery." Its use will also allow to get rid of the disadvantage characteristic of thermonics with fuel combustion, reduce harmful emissions (from combustion) and thereby improve the environmental conditions in the location of the heat source. The inventive FTA PT-G-A may expand the range of non-traditional renewable energy sources (NEE).

It is known that heat supply to centralized district heating systems in Russia is 1/3 of all heat consumption (Baskakov A.P., Berg B.V., Witt OK and others. Heat engineering. Textbook for universities. Edited by A.P. Baskakov . - 2nd ed., Revised. - M.: Energoatomizdat, 1991, p. 192, [1]), that is, district heating systems are common. Such a system (ibid., [1], pp. 192-198) includes a heat source; sometimes her heat accumulator; heat consumers with the corresponding main, quarterly and individual networks by which heat consumers are connected to a heat source. Sometimes a centralized heat supply system may include autonomous (local) peak heat sources.

A disadvantage of the known heat supply system is that the source of heat in it is a source providing for the combustion of fuel for generating heat energy, more often it is boiler houses and thermal power plants. This disadvantage is explained by the exhaustibility and high cost of the fuel used, the deterioration of the environmental situation as a result of its burning. Another disadvantage of the traditional heat supply system is its high cost associated with the costs of creating and operating heat networks, the unsatisfactory state of which additionally leads to heat losses, the total share of which in heat supply systems is 23.5% (Bashmakov I.A. "Inefficiency. The journal" News of heat supply ", Moscow, 2006, No. 12, p. 14, [2]).

The development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia and the world provides for the need to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels (oil, oil products, gas, coal) as boiler and furnace fuel. At the same time, it is planned to increase the use of renewable energy sources in the national economy, including hydraulic and geothermal ones.

Obviously, the advantage of using the Earth’s deep heat for heat supply (Gadzhiev A.G. et al. Geothermal heat supply. M: Energoatomizdat, 1984, [3]). At the same time, they build a heat supply well, equip it, organize the extraction of thermal energy in hot water (less often in steam), transport heat to the consumer, use it for heat supply, utilize the "spent" heat carrier and dump it. To use the heat of geothermal wells, interesting solutions have been proposed, for example, according to (Alkhasov AB Patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2105351 C1. Method for simultaneous and separate operation of two thermally water-bearing formations. Bull. No. 5, 1998, [4]). The technical solution allows you to organize geothermal heat supply using two deep hot-water zones.

The difficulties involved in engaging in the country's fuel and economic balance the deep heat of the Earth using these analogues are due to a number of reasons, including the following: uneven distribution of geothermal, economically accessible hot groundwater throughout the country, for example, their share in Eastern Siberia and the Far East is only 17% (Gadzhiev A.G. et al. Geothermal heat supply. M: Energoatomizdat, 1984, [3]); high cost, including exploration, construction, construction, organization of control and cleaning of the organization of production, operation, disposal and discharge. The high cost is also affected by the fact that thermal waters are located at great depths, usually deeper than 2000 m.

It is known that the resources of geothermal energy are divided into hydrological and petrogeothermal (Gnatus N. A. Thermal energy of the Earth - the basis of future heat power. Magazine "News of heat supply", Moscow, 2006, No. 12, p. 27, [5]). The first of them are heat carriers - groundwater, steam, steam-water mixtures and make up only 1% of the total geothermal energy resources. The second is geothermal energy contained in red-hot rocks.

Fountain technology (self-discharge of underground heat sources) is rare not only because of its non-proliferation, but also expensive because of the deep occurrence of geothermal waters, and also because of the need to organize additional processes related to ensuring its circulation (with cleaning) in the heat supply system.

The use of geothermal energy contained in solid, hot rocks and constituting 99% of the total resources of underground thermal energy is promising for the energy sector (Gnatus N.A. Thermal energy of the Earth - the basis of future heat energy. Magazine "News of heat supply", Moscow, 2006, No. 12, pp. 29-30, [5]).

There is a known scheme of a geothermal circulating system with an artificial collector - a series of vertical formed by hydraulic fracturing (Gnatus N.A. Thermal energy of the Earth - the basis of future heat energy. Magazine "News of heat supply", Moscow, 2006, No. 12, p.30, [ 5]), which includes an injection well, a production well, a high-temperature rock mass fractured as a result of hydraulic fracturing — a geothermal collector, heat consumer devices installed on the surface: a circulation pump, an intermediate heat exchanger, consumer exchangers. Heat consuming devices are connected to injection and production wells. As world experience shows (Gnatus N.A. Thermal energy of the Earth is the basis of future heat energy. Journal of Heat Supply, Moscow, 2006, No. 12, p.31, [5]) it is effective: production of heat carriers in such installations 2-5 times more profitable than those obtained in thermal and nuclear power plants; return on investment is 4-5 years; It can be operated for at least 25 years.

However, the payback period (as an indicator of economic efficiency) of the installation is provided at a certain (not lower than the threshold level) consumption of the generated heat. The high cost of the installation is made up of the necessary boreholes with drilling depths of 4-6 km. Their cost in the fixed assets of the installation is 70-90% (Gnatus N.A. Thermal energy of the Earth - the basis of future heat energy. Magazine "News of heat supply", Moscow, 2006, No. 12, p.30, 32, [5] ) Therefore, bearing in mind remote, isolated villages, often with low heat consumption, other technical solutions of installations of a similar purpose, but with much smaller depths of technological heat-generating wells (and less expensive), are of interest to ensure economic attractiveness.

Well-known heat source (Decision dated December 6, 2007 on the grant of a patent for the invention "Well heat source" according to the application No. 2006132584/03 (035452), filed September 11, 2006 M. class. F24D 3/08, [6]), containing a heat supply well connected to a water source, a drainage zone and a heat consumer, the heat supply well is drilled in such a way that the adit is crossed by its face, while the heat supply well serves as a water conduit, a surface water reservoir in the area of which a heat supply well or underground is drilled aquifer or zones, or surface water body with an underground zone or zones, and the intersection of the heat-supplying well with the downhole adit connected to the well by a vortex heat generator installed under its dynamic level is taken as the runoff zone. The water pressure is sufficient to generate thermal energy, and the heat consumer through the heat pipe is connected in the drain zone of the heat supply well to the outlet of the vortex heat generator. The vortex heat generator is located in the adit and is connected to the well at its intersection with the adit; it is equipped with a pumping unit with piping. A heat pipe is an additional well drilled from an adit before crossing it with a day surface or with an underground heat accumulator, to which a hot water supply well has been drilled and mastered.

For the implementation of the heat source, drilling a deep (4-6 km depth) well is not required. The depth of the well can be, as a rule, 300-1000 m. A vortex heat generator is installed in the well under a dynamic water level (from its surface or (and) underground source), which is necessary for the operation of the vortex heat generator. The water heated after the vortex heat generator is directed through the borehole to an underground thermal accumulator located, as a rule, at a depth in the range of 300-1000 m. The cost of constructing such an underground geothermal heat storage source of heat is much lower in comparison with a geothermal circulation system with an artificial collector (discussed above ), providing for the drilling of wells and the formation of a reservoir at a depth of 4-6 km.

A disadvantage of the well-known downhole heat source is that the vortex heat generator is installed in it in a specially constructed mine working-adit, which has an intersection with a drilling (hydropower) well. The construction of additional mining for the implementation of a downhole heat source complicates its design, increases the cost of work on its implementation.

Known heat supply well (Eliseev A. Patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2291255 C2. Heat supply well. M. CL EV03/00; F24H 4/02. Publ. 10.01.2007, Bull. No. 1, 2007 , [7]), working with the use of low-temperature surface or underground waters located in the upper intervals of the earth’s bowels, or with their combination, and is economically available for producing hot water and steam, and adopted as a prototype. It contains a water source, a drain zone and a heat consumer. In a mountainous area with a mountain slope, the heat supply well is drilled directional or inclined and so that its slope crosses the mountain slope and is mated to the day surface, while the heat supply well serves as a water conduit, the surface water reservoir in the area of which the well or underground is drilled is taken aquifer or zones, or surface water body with an underground zone or zones, and the intersection of the well with the slope of the mountain — the day surface or the intersection of the well from the lower an adit tunnel, while in the well a vortex disk-type heat generator is installed under its dynamic level, the water pressure is sufficient to generate thermal energy, and the heat sink is connected in the well drainage zone through its piping.

The disadvantage of the heat supply well, adopted as a prototype, is limited only by the mountain, as well as by the presence of lower conditions for its use. It does not allow the generation and use of heat in other common conditions, including in flat terrain. In addition, it does not allow the accumulation and long-term storage of heat, for example, during its summer production, in particular during flood periods, and winter consumption during the heating period. The disadvantage of the traditional heat consumer scheme (geographically dispersed over the area) is the high cost of its heating networks. They (heating networks) can be tens or hundreds of kilometers of pipelines, often laid underground. Capital costs for the construction and periodic replacement of pipelines of heating networks are significant. In addition, the location of heating networks on the surface in a sharply continental climate often leads to accidents in the winter - freezing, the consequences of which are additional costs for their repair and the emergence of social stresses caused by violations or lack of heat supply. A disadvantage of the traditional placement of heat networks is that branched heat networks with connected heat consumers are a complex system for their adjustment, and heat networks themselves (due to their often unsatisfactory state) cause significant heat losses.

The objective of the inventive downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation, hereinafter - SST PT-G-A, is to expand the conditions for its use (heat production in both mountainous and flat terrain), expand its functionality - giving it the ability to accumulate and to store the heat energy generated by it, as well as the implementation of a closed heat supply cycle with minimizing the costs of creating heat networks of the heat consumer and heat losses in them.

To achieve the specified technical result in the adopted prototype, containing a water source connected to a nutrient tank, a water conduit communicating with it, a lower end of which is connected to a drain zone, a hydraulic turbine installed in the water conduit, kinematically connected to a disk-type vortex heat generator located below, whose bodies are made with the possibility of fixing and perceiving the reactive moment by the support element under the dynamic level of water, the pressure of which is sufficient to generate thermal energy, the argument is a well, the source of water is a surface body of water in the zone of which the well is drilled or drilled by it and the underground aquifer zone or zones connected with it, or the surface body of water with an underground zone or zones of communication of the nutrient tank with a water conduit is equipped with water flow control devices, for example, regulators - valves, the interval of the well to the installation site of the vortex heat generator is drilled vertically, a heat consumer with heating networks having an input and output pipelines, in a downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation of hydroturbine and a vortex disk-type heat generator are aggregated and constitute a downhole hydrothermal unit, their bodies are rigidly connected, the hydroturbine is located above the vortex heat generator of the disk type, the supporting element is a pipe string, lowered into the borehole, the upper end of which is the hydrothermal unit is connected to the lower end of the pipe string, the drain zone is the absorption interval of natural or art of different origin, for example ^* ( ^* In the natural massifs of rocks various technologies for the creation of reservoirs - drainage zones are known (Arens V.Zh. Downhole mining. M., Nedra, pp. 16-17; 266; 269, [10]): hydraulic fracturing; explosive destruction; drilling a horizontal well system; formation of tanks by underground dissolution, underground leaching, underground smelting, etc.), formed by fracturing by a hydraulic fracturing reservoir, it additionally includes a production well, which is drilled by a reservoir formed by fracturing by hydraulic fracturing, connected to it, and under conditions when the downstream absorbing interval does not intersect with vertical path of the well, the interval of the well below the installation site of the hydrothermal unit was drilled directed to the intersection with the runoff zone, the input the heat pipe of the heat consumer is connected to the production well, and its output pipe to the well.

In a downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation, a turbo drill can be used as a hydraulic machine.

In a downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation there can be several wells and production wells.

In a heat supply well, a production well may be either a water well or a water well.

The set of features of the claimed SST PT-G-A allows you to achieve the set technical result, in particular:

firstly, to expand the conditions for its application by ensuring the generation of thermal energy not only in mountainous areas, but also in flat terrain. This is achieved by the fact that a well with a vortex heat generator installed in it has drilled a drain zone - a collector, in which the generated thermal energy is accumulated in hot water. This forms an underground stagnant volume of hot water. A collector with hot water was drilled by a production well, through which hot water can be transported to the heat consumer on the surface. Such a scheme for generating and transporting heat is efficient both in mountainous terrain and in plain conditions;

secondly, to expand its functionality by providing it with the ability to accumulate and store the generated thermal energy.

The thus formed underground volume of hot water is a hydrothermal accumulator. Research and practical experience have shown (Kabus F., Bartels Y. Underground accumulation of heat and cold. Journal of Thermal Engineering, No. 6, 2004, pp. 70-76., [8]) that such an underground accumulator is efficient and economical. For example, such a hydrothermal accumulator allows you to store the heat generated in the summer during the time before the onset of the heating period, as well as during the period itself (ibid., [8]), which is 8–9 months. Thus, an underground fractured reservoir is both a heat accumulator and a storage of thermal energy in water;

thirdly, the use of a borehole turbodrill as a hydraulic machine (Gryzov I.S. et al. Turbine drilling of deep wells. M., Nedra, 1967, [11]) reduces the cost of development work on its creation, since a commercially available turbodrill designed for operation in borehole conditions can be used for this. The specifics of these conditions are: limited diameters determined by the diameter of the well; work at high hydrostatic pressures; contaminated running water, which may also contain abrasive particles; elevated temperatures in downhole conditions, etc.). The operational advantage of the turbodrill is that its fastening elements to the drill pipe string are unified, and it is adapted to work in downhole conditions;

fourthly, the use of a pipe string as a supporting element, fixed in the well at its wellhead (by analogy with turbine drilling), allows it (the pipe string) to perceive the reactive moments of a turbodrill and a vortex heat generator and thereby ensure the operability of the claimed scheme;

fifthly, the connection of the inlet pipe of the heat consumer with the production well, and its outlet pipe with the well allows to ensure the continuity (in a closed cycle) of the heat supply system, as well as to increase its environmental friendliness while improving energy efficiency and achieving water saving (resource saving).

After the heat consumer, the water temperature is relatively high, and its discharge can lead to thermal pollution (Gadzhiev A.G. et al. Geothermal heat supply. M: Energoatomizdat, 1984, [3]). In the claimed CCT PT-G-A, this drawback is absent, and in addition, its energy efficiency is increased. The increase in energy efficiency consists in a higher temperature of the coolant coming from the heat preheater due to its more complete extraction during each cycle of “production - consumption” of circulation), ceteris paribus. The effect of water saving is that it circulates a (slightly variable) volume of water, which is cyclically subjected to heating - cooling (generation - consumption of heat) by analogy with other types of heat supply systems.

In addition, the underground heat accumulator-hot water storage (collector) has a certain area on the projection of which both rivers and mountainous terrain, ravines, and swamps, which make it difficult to lay surface heat networks of a distributed heat consumer in their location, can be projected onto the surface. Therefore, in justified cases, it is advisable to communicate dispersed on the surface of heat consumers with an underground reservoir through wells and production wells (and not surface networks).

The presence of (additional, including reserve) wells and production wells allows to increase its (system) reliability due to the possibility of "transition" to them in case of accidents on surface heating networks.

In addition, also in the case when the mouth of the production well is located above the position of the underground reservoir filled with hot water, the production well is water-lifting and must be equipped with a water-lifting device. When the mouth of the production well is located below the position of the underground hot-water collector (mountain conditions), the production well is free-flowing and does not require equipment for its water-lifting (pumping) installation.

It should be noted that the hot water produced and sold using the claimed SST PT-G-A at the cost of its production is close to geothermal energy, which is 5-30 times lower than the cost of the energy generated by boiler houses using traditional fuels (Batishchev V.E., Martynenko B.G., Syskov S.L., Schelokov Y.M. Energy Saving, Reference Guide, Yekaterinburg, RIA Energo-PRESS, EPK UTGU-UPI, 1999, pp. 38-39, [9 ]), but it is predicted even less due to lower costs for less deep wells.

Figure 1-2 shows a diagram of the inventive CCT PT-G-A. Figure 1 - diagram of the CCT PT-GA with a vertical well; figure 2 is a diagram of the CCT PT-GA with a vertical section of the well above the hydrothermal unit and curved below it.

Figure 1-2 introduced the following notation: 1 - nutrient capacity; 2 - hydroturbine; 2.1 - a seal of the turbine housing; 2.2 - input channels of a hydraulic turbine; 2.3 - output channels of a hydraulic turbine; 2.4 - a rotor of a hydraulic turbine with blade sections; 2.5 - clamp levers; 2.6 - connecting sleeve-tip of the turbine with holes in it (for communicating the volume of the well with the inlet of the turbine); 3 - vortex disk type heat generator; 3.1 - input channels of the vortex heat generator; 3.2 - output channels of the vortex heat generator; 4 - the vertical interval of the well from its mouth to the installation site of the hydrothermal unit; 4.1 - the vertical interval of the well below the installation site of the hydrothermal unit; 4.1.1 - perforated pipe segment in the interval of the well 4.1; 4.2 - curved interval of the well below the installation site of the hydrothermal unit; 4.2.1 - perforated pipe segment in the interval of the well 4.2; 5 - absorbing interval (drain zone); 6 - pipe string; 6.1 - connecting sleeve-tip of the pipe string; 7 - perforated part of the casing string - water flow control device; 8 - perforated, with the possibility of its rotation and with holes 8.1 pipe of the device for controlling the flow of water; 8.1 - holes in the pipe 8; 9 - rigid connection of the pipe string to the casing; 10 - production well (hot water supply); 10.1 - perforated pipe segment in the well 10; 11 - water pipes; 12 - pump with an electric motor; 13 - tip; 14 - valve; 15 - manometer; 16 - heat consumer; 17 - water treatment device; 18 - power supply line; 19 - control station; N _n - the pressure of the water column acting on the hydrothermal unit; H _in - the depth of the position of the absorbing interval (accumulating hot water).

Due to the density of the graphic material, figures 1 and 2 do not indicate the actual control and measuring devices (KIP) installed in the SST PT-G-A, in particular, flow meters, quantity meters, thermometers, manometers - at wellheads and in wells; level gauges - in wells; quantity flow meters, thermometers, manometers - for heat consumers and heating networks.

The claimed SST PT-G-A works as follows.

SST PT-GA in figure 1

Well 4 is connected with a water source 1, which is a stream of natural origin (it can also be connected with an underground water source - an underground aquifer). The wellhead part is cased by a casing pipe, the perforated part of which 7 is designed to control the flow of water coming from the water source 1 to the well. Outside the perforated part of the casing 7, the perforated pipe 8 can be rotated on it so that the holes of its perforation 8.1 can coincide with the holes of the perforation of the casing 7 and not coincide at a different angle of rotation of the pipe 8. These two positions of the pipe corresponds to either the "open" or "closed" position for the movement of fluid from the source 1 into the well.

In the well, at its mouth, by means of a rigid connection 9 to the casing 7, a pipe string 6 is installed with a 6.1 coupling at the lower end. A hydroturbine 2 is connected to a clutch 6.1 through a clutch 2.6, a turbodrill is used as a turbodrill, to which a vortex disk-type heat generator 3 is connected by rigidly connecting their bodies. The gap between the hydrothermal unit body and the borehole walls is closed with a special sealant 2.1. Hydroturbine 2 and swirl heat generator 3 are aggregated. The pipe string 6, rigidly fixed at the wellhead, is a supporting element and perceives the reactive moment arising from the operation of a hydraulic turbine and a vortex disk type heat generator.

In the coupling 6.1, holes are made that are messages of the annular volume of the well with the inlet of the hydraulic channel of the hydraulic turbine. With the specified assembly of the pipe string 6, hydraulic turbine 2, vortex heat generator of disk type 3 and the open position of the pipe 8 as a control device, water from the source 1 through the perforations 8.1, holes in the casing 7, moves down the annular channel of the well into the absorption zone 5. In this case, it moves through the holes in the coupling 6.1 and enters the inlet of the turbine 2.2, from the output of which it enters the inlet of the vortex heat generator 3.1, the output channels of which 3.2 are directed towards the absorption zone 5.

The absorption interval 5 (absorption zone) was drilled by the well. In the considered example, the absorbing zone is the zone represented by filtering rocks, in particular, the aquifer (with water not moving in it) zone with the possibility of replacing water in it ^* (* In reservoirs of natural occurrence of rocks, various technologies for creating reservoirs are known - drain zones (Arens B Well. Downhole mining of minerals. M., Nedra, pp. 16-17; 266; 269, [10]): hydraulic fracturing; explosive destruction; drilling of a system of horizontal wells; formation of tanks by underground dissolution, underground leached by underground smelting, etc.)

The well in its lower part is cased with a perforated pipe 4.1.1. Through the holes in it, hot water enters the absorption interval 5, filling it. In the claimed SST PT-G-A, a production well is drilled and mastered 10. To raise hot water, it is equipped with water pipes 11. At the bottom of the water pipe string there is a perforated pipe section 10.1 and a submersible pump with an electric motor 12, to which electricity is supplied from the power supply line 18. The heat consumer 16 is connected to the head 13 of the production well by means of a valve 14. After the consumer uses the heat of hot water, the latter is cleaned by the water treatment device 17 and sent to the input of the wells (In the reverse heating circuit).

The static level from the well is N _st = 31 Ohms. The dynamic level when the well communicates with the water source is at the wellhead and is

H _article = Ohm. Thus, the dynamic pressure (total) acting on the hydraulic turbine and the vortex heat generator (consumed by them) of the disk type is 310 m.

The water flow through the wellhead control device coming from the water source 1 into the well is 1000 l / min. The depth of the roof position of the permeable heat-accumulating underground zone is L = 430 m. The greatest thickness of this zone is 36 m.

The maximum hydraulic power N _g developed by the hydropower flow in the well SST PT-G-A with a dynamic head equal to N _n = 310 m and a water flow rate equal to Q = 1 m ³ / min is about N _g = 50 kW, and the generated heat in this case is 71,000 kcal / hour. The electric power of the submersible pump in the production well is N _en = 50 kW, and its productivity Q _n = 0.7 m ³ / min.

SST PT-GA in figure 2

Advantageously, the structures of the individual devices and assemblies of the SST PT-G-A shown in FIG. 2, the characteristics of the equipment used in them, operating parameters, linear dimensions are similar to those shown in FIG. 1. The only difference is that the absorbing interval 5 in FIG. 2 does not intersect the trajectory of the vertical path of well 4. To ensure intersection, the interval of well 4.2 below the installation location of the hydrothermal unit is drilled directional, that is, the section of well 4.2 is curved.

SST PT-G-A can operate in two modes: in storage-heat storage and heat supply.

Work in the storage heat storage mode

The wells in FIGS. 1 and 2 in this mode operate as follows.

The production well 10 is in the off (idle) state, while the submersible motor of the pump 12 is disconnected from the control station 19. The heat consumer 16 is disconnected by the valve 14 from the water pipe 11. Water from the water treatment device 17 does not enter the well (or into the feed tank 1).

The procurement and heat storage of hot water in the absorption zone 5 is carried out, as a rule, in the summer during the flood period. In this case, water from the feed tank 1 with the open position of the holes of the pipe 8 enters the well 4, filling it and bringing it into a dynamic state, in which the dynamic level in the well increases. In the dynamic state, part of the water below the dynamic level moves to the absorption zone, filling it with hot water. As the well is filled, the dynamic level is set at a mark that coincides with the wellhead. With this position, the pressure on the turbine 2 and the vortex heat generator is H _n = 310 m, and the hydrothermal unit develops a power of 50 kW, and from the outlet of the vortex heat generator 3.2 hot water with a temperature of 95 ° C flows into the absorption zone 5 and in it accumulates, since the absorption zone is stagnant. Instrumentation installed in the well and at its mouth (not shown) monitors and records the parameters of the water heated and pumped into the absorption zone, in particular its temperature, flow rate and quantity, pressure. These parameters are monitored and recorded using sensors of similar parameters installed in the production well. During the period of hot water harvesting, the absorption zone is filled in a reasonable amount, including taking into account the volume of the heating system that will operate during the heating period. For the considered FTA PT-G-A, this volume is 20,000 m ³ . After the indicated volume of hot water is pumped into the absorption zone, the process of operation of the SST PT-G-A in the storage-heat storage mode is completed. For this, the pipe 8 is transferred to the "closed" position, in which it is located before the start of the heating period. The condition of the heat-transfer agent converted into hot water and pumped for heat storage and storage in an underground aquifer in a hot water is monitored by the readings of measuring instruments: temperature, volume, level, etc.

Work in the heat supply mode

In this mode, the production well 10 is connected to work by connecting it to the control station 19 of the power supply line 18 of the submersible electric pump 12. Open the valve 14 and hot water through the water pipes 11 from the absorption zone 5 is supplied to the heat consumer 16. The “hot” water that has given off heat from the heat consumer 16 enters the water treatment device 17, and from it - into the well for the next cycle of its movement through the heat supply system. At the same time, the required amount of water is added from the feed tank to the circulation system at the well entrance through a control device (pipe 8) to ensure the volume circulating in the system.

The inventive SST PT-GA allows you to:

- procure, carry out underground heat storage and storage of thermal energy;

- provide heat supply, while performing the functions of a heat source, underground heat storage and storage of thermal energy;

- increase the reliability of heat supply, including through the reservation of traditional heat supply systems or parts thereof.

The work of the claimed SST PT-G-A is most effective in areas of decentralized energy supply, where there are conditions necessary for its operation.

Its use will reduce the cost of implementing the "northern import" of organic fuel.

Due to the fact that the claimed SST PT-G-A is based on an environmentally friendly technology for the production of thermal energy, and its appearance does not form the impression of an industrial industrial facility with traditional chimneys, it can be successfully used in areas where recreational facilities for recreation and treatment are located , landscape tourism, as well as in reserves and reserves.

In addition, the placement of the heat source, borehole and production well of the claimed SST PT-G-A in the earth’s interior “makes” it more secretive and invulnerable.

Regarding stealth. Currently, the detection of energy objects is easily carried out using infrared, including optical systems. The heat source of the proposed SST PT-G-A cannot be detected by such systems, since its thermal radiation is shielded by a layer of earth's interior located above the heat-accumulating zone, well and production well.

Regarding invulnerability. The earth mass located above the heat source SST PT-G-A is large, and the thickness (in depth) of the rocks located above, and the ruptures of shells on the earth's surface (when trying to vulnerability it) do not affect its working condition. This explains the great survivability of the proposed SST PT-G-A, as well as the possibility of its double use in civilian technologies and for military purposes, including during military periods.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Baskakov A.P., Berg B.V., Witt O.K. and other Heat Engineering. Textbook for high schools. Ed. A.P. Baskakova. - 2nd ed., Revised. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1991

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Claims (4)

1. A downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation, containing a water source connected to a nutrient tank, a conduit in communication with it, a lower end connected to a drain zone, a hydraulic turbine installed in the conduit, kinematically connected to a disk-type vortex heat generator located below, whose bodies are made with the ability to fix and perceive the reactive moment by the supporting element under the dynamic level of water, the pressure of which is sufficient to generate thermal energy and, the conduit is a well, the source of water is a surface body of water in the area of which a well is drilled or drilled by it and an underground aquifer or zones connected thereto, or a surface body of water with an underground zone or areas of communication of the nutrient tank with a water conduit equipped with water flow control devices , by regulators, valves, the interval of the well to the place of installation of the vortex heat generator is drilled vertically, a heat consumer, with heating networks having an input and output pipe odes, characterized in that the hydroturbine and the vortex disk-type heat generator are aggregated and make up the borehole hydrothermal unit, their bodies are rigidly connected, the hydroturbine is located above the vortex disk-type heat generator, the supporting element is a pipe string lowered into the well, the upper end of which is fixed to the wellhead, hydrothermal connected to the lower end of the pipe string, the drainage zone is an absorption interval of natural or artificial origin, for example, formed by cracks by the formation of hydraulic fracturing, the reservoir additionally includes a production well that has been drilled, for example, a reservoir connected to it formed by fracturing by hydraulic fracturing, and in conditions where the downstream absorption interval does not intersect with the vertical path of the well, the interval of the well below the installation site of the hydrothermal unit is drilled directed to the intersection with a drainage zone, the inlet pipe of the heat consumer is connected to the production well, and its outlet pipe to the well. 2. A downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation according to claim 1, characterized in that a turbodrill is used as a hydraulic machine. 3. The downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains several wells and production wells. 4. A downhole heat supply system with underground heat accumulation according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the production well is either water-lifting or water-discharge.

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