CN111155513B - Full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperative well drilling method - Google Patents
Full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperative well drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111155513B CN111155513B CN201911396112.2A CN201911396112A CN111155513B CN 111155513 B CN111155513 B CN 111155513B CN 201911396112 A CN201911396112 A CN 201911396112A CN 111155513 B CN111155513 B CN 111155513B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/66—Mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/665—Mould-pipes or other moulds for making piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0007—Production methods using a mold
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of construction of building foundation engineering, in particular to a full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperative sinking method, which comprises the following steps: step one, pile position lofting; step two, inserting an orifice protecting cylinder; step three, mounting a pile casing bottom pipe and a steel pile casing; step four, mounting a full-slewing drilling machine; step five, installing a hydraulic vibration hammer; step six, testing the machine; seventhly, installing a slurry conveying pipe 90 and a pile casing bottom pipe to continue drilling; step eight, pouring concrete: and after drilling to a preset depth, cleaning and checking the hole, then putting a reinforcement cage into the hole, pouring concrete, and pulling the steel casing out of the hole to form the pile. The shaft sinking method can drill a very complicated stratum, the drilling speed can be improved by more than 4 times, and the condition of hole wall or orifice collapse cannot occur due to the advanced support of the steel casing during drilling, so that the pouring amount of concrete can be reduced to the minimum, namely the filling coefficient is minimum, and the material cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction of building foundation engineering, in particular to a full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperative sinking method.
Background
The cast-in-situ bored pile is a pile formed by forming a pile hole in foundation soil through mechanical drilling, steel pipe soil extrusion or manual excavation and the like on an engineering site, placing a reinforcement cage in the pile hole and pouring concrete into the pile hole.
At present, when drilling is carried out on complex strata, such as strata containing miscellaneous fill, a sand-gravel layer, a boulder layer, boulder and the like, a common method is to adopt a steel protective cylinder and a pipe rolling machine to cooperate, firstly dig and take muck by a rotary digging machine, and then a pipe rolling machine drives the steel protective cylinder to follow at any time so as to prevent the hole wall or the hole opening from collapsing in the drilling process.
However, if the pile length is too long (for example, more than 40 meters), the depth of the drilled hole is correspondingly increased, so that in the process of downward drilling of the steel casing, the lateral friction resistance between the steel casing and the hole wall is too large, the pipe twisting machine cannot twist, pipe clamping is easy to occur, the steel casing cannot be pulled out of the hole, and the accumulation of slag soil in the hole easily blocks the drilling of the steel casing, so that the conventional drilling efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a full-circle slewing drilling machine and a hydraulic vibration hammer cooperated well drilling method, when in drilling, dregs in a hole can follow the mud discharge hole, and the drilling efficiency is high.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperated well sinking method comprises the following steps:
step one, pile position lofting: measuring fixed points by using a total station, and determining the center of the pile;
step two, inserting an orifice protecting cylinder: inserting an orifice pile casing by using a crawler crane in cooperation with a hydraulic vibration hammer to drive a part of the orifice pile casing into the lower part of the ground, wherein the central axis of the orifice pile casing is superposed with the center of the pile in the step one;
step three, mounting a pile casing bottom pipe and a steel pile casing: after the dregs in the orifice casing are dug out by a rotary digging machine or a punching and grabbing drill, utilizing a crawler crane to hoist one end of the casing bottom pipe, which is provided with a drill bit, downwards into the orifice casing, then connecting a section of steel casing at the upper end of the casing bottom pipe, then sleeving an outer sleeve outside the steel casing, wherein the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged grooves, the outer wall of the steel casing is provided with tenons in sliding fit with the grooves, and the tenons slide along the vertical direction;
step four, mounting a full-slewing drilling machine: hoisting a full slewing drilling machine in place, wherein the full slewing drilling machine is used for driving an outer sleeve to rotate;
step five, installing a hydraulic vibration hammer: connecting the top pile casing with a hoop on the steel pile casing in the third step, and hoisting a hydraulic vibration hammer to the top pile casing by using a crawler crane, wherein the center line of a hammer body of the hydraulic vibration hammer is superposed with the center line of the steel pile casing;
step six, testing the machine: starting a full-slewing drilling machine, and then starting a hydraulic vibration hammer to enable the hydraulic vibration hammer and the full-slewing drilling machine to be matched with rock-soil drilling operation;
seventhly, installing a slurry conveying pipe and a pile casing bottom pipe to continuously drill: installing a slurry conveying pipe outside the steel casing, pouring slurry into the drill hole through the slurry conveying pipe in the drilling process of the steel casing, enabling slag soil in the drill hole to overflow from the drill hole along with the slurry and flow into a slurry pool for precipitation, detaching a clamp after drilling a section of steel casing, and reconnecting a section of steel casing between the original steel casing and the top casing until the steel casing is drilled to a preset depth;
step eight, pouring concrete: and after drilling to a preset depth, cleaning and checking the hole, then putting a reinforcement cage into the hole, pouring concrete, and pulling the steel casing out of the hole to form the pile.
And seventhly, when the depth of the preset hole is smaller than 25m, the hydraulic vibration hammer is taken down after the drill bit drills in place, and then the pile core rock soil is taken out by the percussion and grabbing drill or the rotary drilling machine.
And step seven, when the depth of the preset hole is 25m-50m, firstly drilling to the depth of 25m by the drill bit for the first time, then taking out the pile core rock soil, then drilling for the second time by the drill bit, and taking out the pile core rock soil in the drill hole after drilling to the preset depth.
And step eight, when concrete is poured, pouring concrete with the height of 5-8 sections of steel casings, then adopting a full-rotary drilling machine to perform pipe drawing, detaching one section of steel casing when one section of steel casing is drawn out, and pouring concrete simultaneously when the pipe is drawn out until the steel casing is drawn out.
And in the first step, after the center of the pile is determined, inserting the painted short steel bar into the center of the pile for marking.
The thickness of the orifice casing is larger than 10mm, the diameter of the orifice casing is 30-40cm larger than the diameter of a pile, the length of the orifice casing is 4-6m, and the height of the orifice casing above the ground is 15-25 cm.
The drill bits are arranged at the lower end of the bottom tube of the protective cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the diameter of an excircle of a parallel projection of the drill bits on a horizontal plane is 20-50mm larger than the outer diameter of the bottom tube of the protective cylinder.
Wherein, the inner wall and the outer wall of the lower end of the bottom tube of the pile casing are respectively provided with a reinforcing plate.
Wherein, two sections adjacent steel protect a section of thick bamboo and pass through multiunit fixed subassembly and connect, every group fixed subassembly includes that one end is fixed respectively and locates first splint and the second splint of one of them section of thick bamboo inside and outside wall and run through the locking bolt of second splint, the other end of first splint and second splint presss from both sides respectively and locates the inside and outside wall of an adjacent steel protect a section of thick bamboo, locking bolt passes steel and protects a section of thick bamboo lateral wall and first splint threaded connection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the shaft sinking method of the invention can drill very complicated stratum, and the drilling speed can be improved by more than 4 times. For example, the boulder can be driven into the ruler by a rotary excavator for 0.3-0.4 m per hour, the ruler can be driven into the ruler by the method of the invention for more than 1.5 m/hour, and the tunneling speed is about 4-5 times of that of the rotary excavator. On the other hand, the method of the invention does not have the situation of hole wall or orifice collapse due to the advanced support of the steel casing 11 during drilling, so that the pouring amount of concrete can be reduced to the minimum, namely the filling coefficient is minimum, and the material cost is saved.
According to the invention, the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the bottom pipe of the protective cylinder, and the slurry conveying pipe is arranged outside the steel protective cylinder, so that the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft sinking operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of section A of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a top view of the steel casing and outer sleeve of the present invention as they are joined.
Description of reference numerals: 10. a pile casing bottom pipe; 11. a steel casing; 12. a tenon; 13. a reinforcing plate; 14. a first anti-drop plate; 20. a top casing; 21. a second anti-drop plate; 30. a hydraulic vibratory hammer; 40. a full-slewing drilling machine; 50. a drill bit; 60. a fixing assembly; 61. a first splint; 62. a second splint; 63. locking the bolt; 64. a slot; 65. a tenon; 70. clamping a hoop; 71. a vertical connecting plate; 72. an upper hoop plate; 73. a lower hoop plate; 74. a ball bearing; 80. an outer sleeve; 81. a groove; 90. a pulp conveying pipe; 100. an orifice casing.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the connection/connection relations referred to in the patent do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connection auxiliary components according to specific implementation conditions. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.
A full-rotary drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperated well sinking method is shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises the following steps:
step one, pile position lofting: measuring a fixed point by using a total station, determining the center of the pile, and inserting the painted short steel bar into the center of the pile for marking and positioning;
step two, inserting the orifice guard 100: inserting the orifice casing 100 by a crawler crane in cooperation with a hydraulic vibration hammer 30, so that part of the orifice casing 100 is driven into the ground, wherein the central axis of the orifice casing 100 is superposed with the center of the pile in the step one; the thickness of the orifice casing 100 is greater than 10mm, the diameter of the orifice casing 100 is 30-40cm larger than the pile diameter, the length of the orifice casing 100 is 5m, the height of the orifice casing 100 above the ground is 20cm, and the length of the part inserted into the ground is 4.8 m.
Step three, mounting a pile casing bottom pipe 10 and a steel pile casing 11: after the dregs in the orifice casing 100 are dug out by a rotary excavator or a percussion grab drill, the end, provided with the drill 50, of the casing bottom pipe 10 is hung downwards by a crawler crane and placed into the orifice casing 100, then the upper end of the casing bottom pipe 10 is connected with a section of steel casing 11, an outer sleeve is sleeved outside the steel casing 11, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged grooves 81, the outer wall of the steel casing 11 is provided with a tenon 12 in sliding fit with the grooves 81, and the tenon 12 slides along the vertical direction;
step four, mounting a full-slewing drilling machine 40: hoisting a full slewing drilling machine 40 in place, wherein the full slewing drilling machine 40 is used for driving an outer sleeve to rotate;
step five, installing a hydraulic vibration hammer 30: connecting the top pile casing 20 to the steel pile casing 11 by using a hoop 70, and hoisting a hydraulic vibration hammer 30 to the top pile casing 20 by using a crawler crane, wherein the center line of a hammer body of the hydraulic vibration hammer 30 is superposed with the center line of the steel pile casing 11;
step six, testing the machine: starting the full-rotation drilling machine 40, adjusting the central point and the verticality of the full-rotation drilling machine 40, and then starting the hydraulic vibration hammer 30 to enable the hydraulic vibration hammer 30 and the full-rotation drilling machine 40 to be matched with rock drilling operation;
step seven, installing a slurry conveying pipe 90: the method comprises the following steps that two slurry conveying pipes 90 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of a steel casing 11, slurry is poured into a drilled hole through the slurry conveying pipes 90 in the drilling process of the steel casing 11, so that muck in the drilled hole overflows from the drilled hole along with the slurry and flows into a slurry pool to be precipitated, after a section of steel casing 11 is drilled, a clamp 70 is detached, and a section of steel casing 11 is reconnected between the original steel casing 11 and a top casing 20 until the steel casing 11 is drilled to a preset depth;
step eight, pouring concrete: after drilling to a preset depth, cleaning and checking holes, then lowering a reinforcement cage into the holes, then pouring concrete, pouring concrete with the height of 5-8 sections of steel casing 11, then adopting a full-rotary drilling machine 40 to perform pipe drawing, detaching one section of steel casing 11 when one section of steel casing 11 is drawn out, pouring concrete simultaneously during pipe drawing until the steel casing 11 is drawn out, forming a pile, transferring the equipment to the next pile position, and repeating the operation.
And in the seventh step, when the preset hole depth is less than 25m, the hydraulic vibration hammer 30 is taken down after the pile is drilled in place through the drill bit 50, and then the pile core rock soil is taken out through the impact grab drill or the rotary excavator.
And step seven, when the depth of the preset hole is 25m-50m, firstly drilling to 25m depth by the drill 50 once, then taking out the pile core rock soil, then drilling for the second time by the drill 50, and taking out the pile core rock soil in the drill hole after drilling to the preset depth.
The drill bits 50 are circumferentially arranged at the lower end of the casing bottom pipe 10, and the diameter of an excircle of a parallel projection of the drill bits 50 on a horizontal plane is 20-50mm larger than the outer diameter of the casing bottom pipe 10. The diameter of the hole drilled by the drill 50 meets the construction requirements, the friction between the hole wall and the steel casing 11 can be reduced, the service life of the steel casing 11 is prolonged, and the drilling rate is increased. Specifically, the width of the annular groove drilled by the plurality of drill bits 50 is 80-120 mm. Drill bit 50 is high strength alloy word drill bit 50, and is a plurality of drill bit 50 is along protecting a barrel bottom tube 10 lower port circumference around establishing two rings, and is a plurality of drill bit 50 arranges to set up and makes the bottom form the cockscomb structure, closely laminates between two adjacent drill bits 50, makes drill bit 50 when drilling, and the stone can not block in the gap between the adjacent drill bit 50, is favorable to protecting drill bit 50, prolongs drill bit 50's life.
Wherein, in order to improve the intensity of protecting a section of thick bamboo bottom tube 10 lower extreme, avoid protecting a section of thick bamboo bottom tube 10 lower extreme to take place to deform when drilling downwards, the inner wall and the outer wall of protecting a section of thick bamboo bottom tube 10 lower extreme are equipped with reinforcing plate 13 respectively, reinforcing plate 13 sets up along barrel inside and outside wall circumference. Specifically, the thickness of the reinforcing plate 13 is greater than or equal to 20 mm.
With reference to fig. 3, two adjacent steel casing 11 are connected by a plurality of sets of fixing assemblies 60, each set of fixing assemblies 60 includes a first clamping plate 61 and a second clamping plate 62, one ends of which are welded to the inner and outer walls of one section of steel casing 11 respectively, and a locking bolt 63 penetrating through the second clamping plate 62, the other ends of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 are clamped to the inner and outer walls of the adjacent steel casing 11 respectively, and the locking bolt 63 penetrates through the side wall of the steel casing 11 and is in threaded connection with the first clamping plate 61. Specifically, the locking bolt 63 is a flat head bolt.
In this embodiment, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 are arranged at the bottom of the steel casing 11 which is positioned above, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 are respectively arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall and the outer wall of the steel casing 11, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 extend out of the lower end surface of the steel casing 11 by 150mm, so that the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 can firmly clamp the side wall of the steel casing 11 below, the first clamping plate 61 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (not shown), the second clamping plate 62 is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes (not shown) corresponding to the plurality of first connecting holes one by one, the locking bolt 63 is slidably connected with the second connecting hole, the locking bolt 63 is in threaded connection with the first connecting hole, and a third connecting hole (not marked in the figure) communicated with the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole is formed in the side wall of the steel casing 11 adjacent to the lower side. When the steel casing structure is used specifically, the lower end part of the upper steel casing 11 is aligned with the upper end of the lower adjacent steel casing 11, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 are enabled to clamp the inner wall and the outer wall of the lower adjacent steel casing 11 respectively, the position of the upper steel casing 11 is adjusted to enable the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole to be aligned with the third connecting hole, then the locking bolt 63 is inserted into the third connecting hole from the second connecting hole, and further the locking bolt 63 is screwed into the first connecting hole, so that the upper steel casing 11 and the lower steel casing 11 are fixedly connected.
Specifically, the width of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 is equal to the width of the tenon 12, the thickness of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 is not larger than the thickness of the tenon 12, and the positions of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 of each group of the fixing assemblies 60 correspond to the positions of the tenons 12 one by one, so that the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 of the steel casing 11 can smoothly vertically slide along the groove 81 in the inner wall of the outer sleeve 80.
Further, the fixing component 60 further includes a plurality of slots 64 provided on the end surface of one of the steel casing sections 11 and a plurality of tenons 65 fixedly provided on the end portion of the other steel casing section 11, the tenons 65 are in one-to-one correspondence with the slots 64, and the tenons 65 are in insertion fit with the slots 64. Specifically, the tenon 65 is arranged on the lower end face of the steel casing 11 located above, and the slot 64 is arranged on the upper end face of the steel casing 11 adjacent below, so that the tenon 65 can be conveniently inserted into the slot 64. Through setting up tenon 65 and slot 64, more be favorable to the steel of top to protect a section of thick bamboo 11 transmission moment of torsion of adjacent steel of below, stability when further improving the steel and rotating.
Further, the bottom tube 10 of the casing and the steel casing 11 connected to the bottom tube 10 of the casing are also connected by a fixing assembly 60, which is not described herein.
As shown in FIG. 2, the top casing 20 and the steel casing 11 of the present invention are connected by a connection clamp 70, so that the steel casing 11 and the top casing 20 can rotate simultaneously. Specifically, the hoop 70 includes a vertical connecting plate 71, and an upper hoop plate 72 and a lower hoop plate 73 which are respectively fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the vertical connecting plate 71, and the vertical connecting plate 71, the upper hoop plate 72 and the lower hoop plate 73 are connected in a C-shaped manner. The lateral wall circumference that a section of thick bamboo 11 is close to a top and protects a 20 one end sets up first anticreep board 14, a 20 lateral wall circumference of top is protected and is set up second anticreep board 21, first anticreep board 14 and second anticreep board 21 are located between hoop 72 and the hoop 73 down, make a top protect a 20 and a steel and protect a 11 when extracting drilling, a top is protected a 20 and a steel and is protected a 11 and can not take place to break away from.
Further, in order to ensure that the steel casing 11 can rotate flexibly, a plurality of balls 74 are arranged between the lower hoop plate 73 and the first anti-falling plate 14, and the balls 74 are beneficial to reducing the friction force between the lower hoop plate 73 and the first anti-falling plate 14, so that the steel casing 11 can rotate flexibly, and the abrasion between the lower hoop plate 73 and the first anti-falling plate 14 can be reduced. In this embodiment, in order to further improve the flexibility of rotation of the casing 11 and the yoke 70, a plurality of balls 74 are provided between the upper yoke plate 72 and the second anti-slip plate 21.
The sinking method of the invention drives the top casing 20 to vibrate through the hydraulic vibration hammer 30, transmits the vibration force from the multiple sections of steel casings 11 to the drill bit 50 through the top casing 20, breaks rock soil through the vibration of the drill bit 50, simultaneously drives the outer sleeve to rotate through the full-circle slewing drilling machine 40, because the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with the groove 81 which is in sliding fit with the tenon 12 on the outer wall of the steel casing 11, the tenon 12 slides along the vertical direction, and further when the outer sleeve rotates, the outer sleeve can transmit torque to the steel casing 11, drives the steel casing 11 to rotate, and further drives the drill bit 50 to rotate, and when the steel casing 11 rotates, the tenon 12 of the steel casing 11 can move along the groove 81 to the bottom of the hole due to the vibration hammering action of the hydraulic vibration hammer 30, and when the steel casing 11 and the drill bit 50 rotate, the rock can be further ground, so that the steel casing 11 and the drill bit 50 can quickly drill downwards under the action of double forces, when meeting a sand and pebble layer, the steel casing 11 and the drill bit 50 are compacted with sand and soil by the vibration action of the hydraulic vibration hammer 30, so that the purpose of quick drilling can be realized, and in addition, when meeting small pebbles, the drill bit 50 and the steel casing 11 can be squeezed away by the vibration and rotation action, and the larger pebbles can be directly vibrated and crushed. The setting of the full slewing drilling machine 40 can accurately position and adjust the verticality. The selection of the model parameters of the hydraulic vibratory hammer 30 and the full rotary drill 40 is determined according to geological conditions, the diameter and the depth of a drill hole and the like. After drilling a section of steel casing 11, the hoop 70 is disassembled on the ground, then a section of steel casing 11 is added, and drilling is continued until the pile length is designed. In order to reduce the friction force of the side wall, prepared slurry is injected into the periphery of the steel casing 11 through the slurry conveying pipe 90 to play a role in lubricating the slurry, and the slurry injected into the hole can drive residue soil in the hole to be discharged out of the drill hole together when returning to the hole opening and flow into the slurry tank to be deposited, so that the friction of the residue soil in the hole on the steel casing 11 and the drill bit 50 is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
The shaft sinking method of the invention can drill very complicated stratum, and the drilling speed can be improved by more than 4 times. For example, the boulder can be driven into the ruler by a rotary excavator for 0.3-0.4 m per hour, the ruler can be driven into the ruler by the method of the invention for more than 1.5 m/hour, and the tunneling speed is about 4-5 times of that of the rotary excavator. On the other hand, the method of the invention does not have the situation of hole wall or orifice collapse due to the advanced support of the steel casing 11 during drilling, so that the pouring amount of concrete can be reduced to the minimum, namely the filling coefficient is minimum, and the material cost is saved.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer collaborative well drilling method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pile position lofting: measuring fixed points by using a total station, and determining the center of the pile;
step two, inserting an orifice protecting cylinder: inserting an orifice pile casing by using a crawler crane in cooperation with a hydraulic vibration hammer to drive a part of the orifice pile casing into the lower part of the ground, wherein the central axis of the orifice pile casing is superposed with the center of the pile in the step one;
step three, mounting a pile casing bottom pipe and a steel pile casing: after the dregs in the orifice casing are dug out by a rotary digging machine or a punching and grabbing drill, utilizing a crawler crane to hoist one end of the casing bottom pipe, which is provided with a drill bit, downwards into the orifice casing, then connecting a section of steel casing at the upper end of the casing bottom pipe, then sleeving an outer sleeve outside the steel casing, wherein the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged grooves, the outer wall of the steel casing is provided with tenons in sliding fit with the grooves, and the tenons slide along the vertical direction;
step four, mounting a full-slewing drilling machine: hoisting a full slewing drilling machine in place, wherein the full slewing drilling machine is used for driving an outer sleeve to rotate;
step five, installing a hydraulic vibration hammer: connecting the top pile casing with a hoop on the steel pile casing in the third step, and hoisting a hydraulic vibration hammer to the top pile casing by using a crawler crane, wherein the center line of a hammer body of the hydraulic vibration hammer is superposed with the center line of the steel pile casing;
step six, testing the machine: starting a full-slewing drilling machine, and then starting a hydraulic vibration hammer to enable the hydraulic vibration hammer and the full-slewing drilling machine to be matched with rock-soil drilling operation;
seventhly, installing a slurry conveying pipe and a pile casing bottom pipe to continuously drill: installing a slurry conveying pipe outside the steel casing, pouring slurry into the drill hole through the slurry conveying pipe in the drilling process of the steel casing, enabling slag soil in the drill hole to overflow from the drill hole along with the slurry and flow into a slurry pool, detaching a clamp after drilling a section of steel casing, and reconnecting a section of steel casing between the original steel casing and the top casing until the steel casing is drilled to a preset depth;
step eight, pouring concrete: after drilling to a preset depth, cleaning and checking holes, then putting a reinforcement cage into the holes, pouring concrete, and pulling out the steel casing from the holes to form piles;
the thickness of the orifice casing is larger than 10mm, the diameter of the orifice casing is 30-40cm larger than the diameter of a pile, the length of the orifice casing is 4-6m, and the height of the orifice casing above the ground is 15-25 cm.
2. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: and seventhly, when the depth of the preset hole is smaller than 25m, the hydraulic vibration hammer is taken down after the drill bit drills in place, and then the pile core rock soil is taken out by a punching and grabbing drill or a rotary drilling machine.
3. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: and seventhly, when the depth of the preset hole is 25-50 m, drilling to 25m depth by the drill bit for the first time, then digging out the pile core rock soil, then drilling for the second time by the drill bit, and taking out the pile core rock soil in the drilled hole after drilling to the preset depth.
4. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: and step eight, when concrete is poured, pouring concrete with the height of 5-8 sections of steel casings, then adopting a full-rotation drilling machine to perform pipe drawing, detaching one section of steel casing when one section of steel casing is drawn out, and pouring concrete when the pipe is drawn out until the steel casing is drawn out.
5. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: in the first step, after the center of the pile is determined, the short steel bars painted with paint are inserted into the center of the pile for marking.
6. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: the drill bits are arranged at the lower end of the bottom tube of the protective cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the diameter of an excircle of a parallel projection of the drill bits on a horizontal plane is 20-50mm larger than the outer diameter of the bottom tube of the protective cylinder.
7. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: and the inner wall and the outer wall of the lower end of the bottom tube of the pile casing are respectively provided with a reinforcing plate.
8. The full slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibratory hammer cooperative sinking method of claim 1, wherein: two sections adjacent steel protect a section of thick bamboo and pass through multiunit fixed subassembly and connect, every group fixed subassembly includes that one end is fixed respectively and locates first splint and the second splint of one of them section of thick bamboo inside and outside wall and run through the locking bolt of second splint, the other end of first splint and second splint presss from both sides respectively and locates the inside and outside wall that adjacent steel protected a section of thick bamboo, locking bolt passes steel and protects a lateral wall and first splint threaded connection.
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