CN114278227B - Construction method of lower pile casing of cast-in-place pile - Google Patents
Construction method of lower pile casing of cast-in-place pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114278227B CN114278227B CN202210012208.XA CN202210012208A CN114278227B CN 114278227 B CN114278227 B CN 114278227B CN 202210012208 A CN202210012208 A CN 202210012208A CN 114278227 B CN114278227 B CN 114278227B
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of a lower pile casing of a cast-in-place pile, which comprises the steps of using a pile casing device, wherein the pile casing device comprises a driving sleeve, one or more sections of pile casings, a boot and a connecting pin; the construction method comprises the following steps: A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod; B. the driving sleeve is connected with the boot; C. positioning the positions of the rotary drilling rig and the drilled hole; D. a lower boot; E. a next first section of casing; F. the subsequent pile casing is arranged; G. and (5) completing the lower casing. The invention provides a construction method for a rotary drilling rig to press and rotationally drive a pile casing to be lowered through a drill rod in the construction of a cast-in-place pile. The invention provides an economical, practical, efficient and energy-saving construction method for construction on a construction site, reduces construction cost, creates more benefits for users, and ensures safer and more safe construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of piling machinery, in particular to a construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile.
Background
Cast-in-place piles are piles made by casting concrete or reinforced concrete into holes in place. The usual ones are: (1) bored pile: the pile is formed by on-site pore-forming and concrete pouring by using a spiral drilling machine, a diving drilling machine and the like, and the pile does not vibrate or squeeze soil during construction, but the settlement of the pile is slightly larger. The spiral drilling machine is suitable for viscous soil, sand, artificial filling soil and the like above the underground water level, the drilled soil blocks ascend along spiral blades on the drill rod to be discharged outside the hole, the aperture is about 300mm, the drilling depth is 8-12 m, and the drill rod is selected according to the soil quality and the water content. The diving drill is suitable for viscous soil, sand, silt, mucky soil and the like, and is particularly suitable for forming holes in soil layers with higher groundwater levels. The wall is protected by mud for preventing the hole from collapsing during drilling. Drilling clay with clear water, and self-making mud to protect wall; the prepared slurry should be injected into sand for drilling. And (3) circularly removing the earth scraps from drilling by using slurry, and cleaning the holes after drilling to the required depth to remove the earth scraps sunk at the bottom of the holes, thereby reducing the settlement of the piles. (2) sinking pipe filling pile: the steel pipe with reinforced concrete pile shoe (pile tip) or valve pile shoe is sunk into the soil by hammering or vibrating, then the concrete is poured and the pipe is pulled out at the same time to form the pile. The pile driver is used for hammering the sinking pipe and pulling the pipe to weigh the cast-in-place pile; the vibrating immersed tube and tube drawing person using the vibration exciter are called vibrating filling pile. The pile formed by the method is easy to have the defects of pile breaking, necking, pile hanging, pile shoe water inlet, mud inlet and the like, and is carefully inspected and timely treated in construction. In addition, explosive is used to form expanding head at the bottom of pile hole to increase bearing capacity.
The pile casing is used for the construction operation of the bored pile and is made of steel materials and cylindrical. The wall thickness of the steel casing is 10mm or more, and the steel casing is generally used for construction prevention and fixation. The joint of the protective cylinder is required to have no protrusion in the cylinder, and the protective cylinder should resist pulling, pressure and water leakage.
The rotary drilling rig is a full hydraulic driving device, can realize a plurality of functions according to actual demands, and is widely used for the construction of the filling pile for periodically and circularly cutting, drilling, soil taking and pore forming in a pile foundation construction site. As a pore-forming sharp tool, the rotary drilling rig has the characteristics of high pore-forming speed, safe and efficient operation, good pore-forming quality, strong pile foundation bearing capacity, mature and reliable equipment performance, high cost performance and environment-friendly high requirement, so that the market demand of the rotary drilling rig is more and more, and the current domestic market is kept at about 10 ten thousand.
In the construction process, in order to protect pile holes, equipment and personnel, a pile casing (hereinafter referred to as a pile casing) needs to be placed in the pile holes. The strength of the pile casing supports the hole wall to prevent hole collapse, and the length of the pile casing can realize forced guiding during drilling to prevent hole deviation. At present, the construction method of the lower casing of the cast-in-place pile mainly comprises the following five modes:
1. and a lower protective cylinder of the power head. The power head is not provided with a drilling bucket, the soil throwing disc of the power head is detached, a sleeve (comprising a protective sleeve and a boot) driver is connected and installed by bolts (or pin shafts), and the sleeve is buried by utilizing the output torque and the pressurizing force of the power head. The main problem of the lower pile casing with the method is that the soil throwing disc is troublesome to detach, in the process of the lower pile casing, if larger resistance is encountered and soil is needed to be taken from the inside of the pile casing (the drilling bucket gate cannot be opened because the soil throwing disc is not arranged), the casing driver is required to be detached from the drilling hole after the pile casing is detached, and the power head soil throwing disc is reinstalled, so that the bucket gate is unlocked and the soil is leaked.
2. The lower protective cylinder of the pipe twisting machine. The pipe rubbing machine consists of a bottom frame, clamps, a lifting/pressing cylinder, a rotary cylinder, a connecting rod, a sliding block and a box body. The hydraulic energy is externally connected with the chassis of the rotary drilling rig to drive the left and right rotary cylinders to drill or pull up the sleeve by about 25 degrees and the lifting/pressing cylinders. The pipe rubbing machine needs to be connected and fixed with the chassis of the rotary drilling rig. The method has high efficiency, but is difficult to move and disassemble, and has large manpower and material resources and high construction cost.
3. And (5) vibrating the hammer lower protective cylinder. And (3) lifting the vibrating hammer by using a crawler crane or a lengthened arm of a digger, and vibrating on the casing to embed and pull out the sleeve. The method also needs other auxiliary equipment, has high requirement on the pile casing, can lower a relatively long pile casing, but needs other large equipment, and has high construction cost.
4. And (5) a lower casing of the full-circle drilling machine. The full-rotation drilling machine has the same effect as the pipe twisting machine, and needs external hydraulic energy, but compared with the pipe twisting machine, the full-rotation drilling machine can rotate positively and negatively by 360 degrees, and meanwhile, the full-rotation drilling machine needs to be connected and fixed with the base of the rotary drilling machine. The method has higher efficiency than a pipe twisting machine, but has difficult movement and disassembly, larger manpower and material resources and higher construction cost.
5. And a drill bucket lower casing. And (3) drilling a prefabricated hole, hanging the pile casing above the hole, and pressing the pile casing downwards by using the weight of a drill pipe drill bucket of the rotary drilling rig against the edge of the pile casing, wherein the pile casing is easy to damage due to unbalanced stress.
The above methods have advantages and disadvantages, and from the viewpoints of economy and benefit, a new pile casing device for cast-in-place pile construction and a construction method of a lower pile casing of the cast-in-place pile are needed in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile, in particular to a method for protecting a casing of a drill rod, and the implementation of the method needs a casing device of the cast-in-place pile.
The invention provides a construction method of a lower pile casing of a cast-in-place pile, which comprises the steps of using a pile casing device, wherein the pile casing device comprises a driving sleeve, one or more sections of pile casings, a boot and a connecting pin,
the driving sleeve comprises two first square hole plates and two second square hole plates which are arranged in parallel, the four square hole plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on the circular bottom plate, the four square hole plates are fixedly connected to form square holes for inserting square heads of drill rods together, reinforcing ribs which are fixedly connected with the circular bottom plate are arranged at the right end of each first square hole plate and the right end of each second square hole plate, a cylinder is arranged below the plate surface of the circular bottom plate, and the center line of each square hole coincides with the center axis of the cylinder; the cylinder is provided with a first through hole for connecting the driving sleeve with the protective cylinder or the boot below the driving sleeve in an up-down manner, and is also provided with a first positioning structure for positioning the driving sleeve with the protective cylinder or the boot below the driving sleeve in a circumferential direction, wherein the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key and/or a first positioning hole;
The pile casing comprises a cylindrical pile casing body with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm and step-shaped connecting sections arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the pile casing body, a through hole II for connecting the pile casing with other structures in the pile casing device up and down and a second positioning structure for circumferential positioning are arranged at the step-shaped connecting sections, the second positioning structure comprises a second positioning key and/or a second positioning hole, and the wall thickness at the step-shaped connecting sections is less than 4/5 of the wall thickness of the pile casing body;
the boot comprises a cylindrical boot body with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm, a third step-shaped connecting section arranged at the top end of the boot body and drilling teeth arranged at the bottom end of the boot body, a third through hole for connecting the boot with other structures in the protective device up and down and a third positioning structure for circumferential positioning are arranged at the third step-shaped connecting section, the third positioning structure comprises a third positioning key and/or a third positioning hole, and the wall thickness of the third step-shaped connecting section is less than 4/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body;
the connecting pin is used for connecting the driving sleeve, the protective sleeve and the boot in the up-down direction, the connecting pin comprises a threaded section positioned at the radial outer side of the protective sleeve device and a round platform section positioned at the radial inner side, and a fastening hole is formed in the radial center position of the threaded section and used for fixedly arranging the connecting pin in a through hole of the driving sleeve, the protective sleeve or the boot;
The construction method comprises the following steps:
A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod: the driving sleeve is connected with the bottom of the drill rod by a pin shaft;
B. the driving sleeve is connected with the boot: aligning circumferentially, namely aligning and inserting a first positioning key or a first positioning hole on the driving sleeve with a third positioning hole or a third positioning key of the boot; the driving sleeve and the boot can be also connected by a connecting pin, so that the driving sleeve and the boot are fixed in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction;
C. positioning the positions of the rotary drilling rig and the drilled hole: ensuring that the center of the boot is aligned with the center of the hole to be drilled; the sequence of steps A to C can be exchanged;
D. lower boot: the rotary drive and the downward pressure transmitted by the drill rod are used as power sources to start cutting and drilling of the lower boot;
E. the following first section of casing: when the boot is detached to a proper position convenient for workers to detach the connecting pin, particularly when the top of the boot is 10 cm-1.3 m higher than the ground, if the connecting pin is assembled in the step B, the connecting pin between the driving sleeve and the boot is detached, and if the connecting pin is not assembled in the step B, the connecting pin is not required to be detached; the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder is connected with the top of the boot by a connecting pin, then the driving sleeve and the top of the protective cylinder are positioned and aligned in the circumferential direction, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole, so that the driving sleeve and the protective cylinder are positioned in the circumferential direction, and the next first section of protective cylinder can be started; or after the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing are circumferentially positioned, connecting pins are installed at the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing so that the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing are circumferentially, axially and radially fixed in all directions; preferably no connecting pin is used for driving the sleeve and the top of the first section of casing before the first section of casing is next in step E;
F. The following protective cylinder: when the first section of casing drills to a proper position which is convenient for workers to disassemble and assemble the connecting pin, particularly when the first section of casing is at a height which is 10 cm-1.5 m higher than the ground, the connection between the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing is firstly disconnected, at least the connection between the positioning key and the positioning hole is disconnected, and if the connecting pin is arranged between the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing in the step E, the connection pin is disassembled; then a second section of standard protection cylinder is added on the first section of protection cylinder, the bottom of the second section of protection cylinder is connected with the top of the first section of protection cylinder by a connecting pin, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole at the top of the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protection cylinder, so that the two sections of protection cylinders are positioned circumferentially, and the second section of protection cylinder can be started to be arranged; the connecting pin is arranged at the top of the second section of protective cylinder after the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protective cylinder are positioned circumferentially, so that the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protective cylinder are fixed in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction; preferably no connecting pin is used for driving the sleeve and the top of the second section casing before the second section casing is lowered in step F;
G. and (3) finishing the lower casing: and (F) circulating the step (until the required casing depth is reached, and completing the lower casing.
In the invention, when the connecting pin is used in the step B, the step B is firstly carried out and then the step C is carried out, because the connecting pin in the step B is used for fixing the driving sleeve and the boot in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction, the boot can be hoisted by the drill rod and the driving sleeve in the step C, and the center of the boot is smoothly aligned with the center of a hole to be drilled; the connecting pin in step B needs to be removed first in a subsequent step E. When the connecting pin is not used in the step B, the step C is generally implemented firstly, then the step B is implemented, the crane or the auxiliary winch of the rotary drilling rig is used for lifting the boot, the center of the boot is ensured to be aligned with the center of the hole to be drilled, and then the positioning key and the positioning hole on the driving sleeve and the boot are circumferentially aligned, so that the step D can be started, namely the lower boot is rotated.
The invention does not need to use a connecting pin when implementing the step D, because the boot does not need to be lifted upwards in the process of downloading the boot, and the boot can be downloaded only by the downward pressure of the drill rod and the driving sleeve on the forward drilling of the boot.
In the invention, 8-12 connecting pins are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the driving sleeve, the protective sleeve and the boot, and in the construction process, 2-4 connecting pins can be firstly and symmetrically connected in the circumferential direction, and more connecting pins can be screwed or all connecting pins can be directly screwed.
In the invention, when the driving sleeve is connected with the top of the first section of the protection cylinder by using the connecting pin before the first section of the protection cylinder is next in the step E, the connecting pin is not used by the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of the protection cylinder before the first section of the protection cylinder is next in the step E because the height of the protection cylinder reaches 2-4 meters or more, and therefore, the connecting pin is slightly inconvenient to screw on the top of the first section of the protection cylinder; the first section of protective cylinder is lifted by using a crane or a secondary winch of the rotary drilling rig, the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder is circumferentially aligned with the top of the boot, and a connecting pin is arranged between the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder and the top of the boot, so that the next first section of protective cylinder can be started.
In a specific embodiment, the step G further comprises a process of loading a drill bucket on the drill rod to take out soil; specifically, if the resistance of the geological structure to the casing is relatively high in the process of the lower casing, and the speed of the lower casing is too low, at the moment, the connection between the drill rod and the driving sleeve is disconnected, the drill bucket is arranged on the drill rod instead, the method that the drill bucket drills by taking soil in the casing to reduce the resistance of soil layers in the casing to the casing is adopted, and the lower casing is switched to the driving sleeve after the resistance is reduced until the lower casing is completed.
In a specific embodiment, square reinforcing rings are further arranged on the outer sides of the upper parts of the four square hole plates of the driving sleeve; the reinforcing ribs are arranged vertically and comprise inclined top edges, wherein the height of the reinforcing ribs close to the square hole plate is large, the height of the reinforcing ribs far away from the center point of the circular bottom plate is small.
In a specific embodiment, when the top end of the same protective cylinder is an outer step-shaped connecting section, the bottom end of the same protective cylinder is an inner step-shaped connecting section; when the top end of the same protective cylinder is an inner step-shaped connecting section, the bottom end of the same protective cylinder is an outer step-shaped connecting section, and the wall thickness of the step-shaped connecting section of the protective cylinder is 2/5-3/5 of the wall thickness of the protective cylinder body; the third step-shaped connecting section of the boot is of an outer step type or an inner step type, and the wall thickness of the third step-shaped connecting section is 2/5-3/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body.
In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key has a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end and protrudes radially outside the outer wall of the cylinder, and the first positioning hole has a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end; the second positioning key arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the upper end of the protective cylinder body is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the second positioning hole is of a structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end; the second positioning key arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the lower end of the casing body is of a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the second positioning hole is of a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end; the third positioning key is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the third positioning hole is of a structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end.
In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key has a U-shaped structure, and the first positioning hole has an inverted U-shaped structure; the second positioning key is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure, and the second positioning hole is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure; the third positioning key is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and the third positioning hole is of a U-shaped structure.
In a specific embodiment, a first U-shaped sleeve is welded in the first positioning hole, the first U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the first positioning hole or the first U-shaped sleeve is arranged to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the protective sleeve or the boot; a second U-shaped sleeve is welded in the second positioning hole, the second U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the second positioning hole or the second U-shaped sleeve is arranged to be matched with a driving sleeve, another protective sleeve or a U-shaped positioning key on a boot; the third positioning hole is internally welded with a third U-shaped sleeve, the third U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the third positioning hole or the third U-shaped sleeve is arranged to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the driving sleeve or the protective cylinder.
In a specific embodiment, a first circular truncated cone ring or a first threaded ring is arranged in the first through hole, the radial outer wall of the first circular truncated cone ring is matched with the first through hole, the inside of the first circular truncated cone ring is of a circular truncated cone-shaped through hole structure, the radial outer side of the first circular truncated cone ring, which is close to the cylinder, is of a large diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial inner side of the first circular truncated cone ring, which is close to the cylinder, is of a small diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial outer wall of the first threaded ring is matched with the first through hole, and the inside of the first threaded ring is of a threaded through hole structure; the second round platform ring or the second threaded ring is arranged in the through hole II, the third round platform ring or the third threaded ring is arranged in the through hole III, and the third round platform ring or the third threaded ring and the first round platform ring or the first threaded ring arranged in the through hole I are connected and fixed in the same mode.
Compared with the method for directly processing the U-shaped hole and the through hole with a special shape on the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 or the boot 3, the method for processing the U-shaped hole is more convenient and simple, can directly finish and cut small components such as the U-shaped sleeve, the circular truncated cone ring and the threaded ring, and can also be processed in batches by firstly processing the U-shaped sleeve, the circular truncated cone ring or the threaded ring and then welding the U-shaped sleeve, the circular truncated cone ring or the threaded ring in the U-shaped positioning hole (the U-shaped sleeve) and the through hole (the circular truncated cone ring and the threaded ring); in addition, the small components are convenient to replace in time after being worn. After the U-shaped sleeve, the round platform ring or the threaded ring is used, the machining precision requirements of the positioning holes and the through holes are greatly reduced, and the production and maintenance efficiency of the pile casing device are facilitated.
In a specific embodiment, the first circular truncated cone ring or the first threaded ring is welded in the first through hole, the second circular truncated cone ring or the second threaded ring is welded in the second through hole, and the third circular truncated cone ring or the third threaded ring is welded in the third through hole.
In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 1-2 meters, and the diameter of the circular bottom plate is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder; the outer diameters of the protective cylinder body and the boot body are 1-2 meters; the drilling teeth comprise bucket teeth or cutting picks, and alternately protrude towards the inner side of the inner wall of the boot body and protrude towards the outer side of the outer wall of the boot body.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention has good flexibility. The driving sleeve is connected with the square head of the drill rod through a pin shaft, and compared with a lower casing method in the background art, the driving sleeve is convenient to assemble, disassemble, transfer and carry in actual use, parts are simple to manufacture, processing cost is low, and construction can be more convenient.
2. The invention has good practicability. Alloy drilling teeth are embedded at intervals inside and outside the radial direction of the lower end of the boot towards the lower end, and the alloy drilling teeth comprise cutting picks or bucket teeth, and through rotation and axial pressure, various strata and rocks are cut in a circular manner, so that the resistance of a buried sleeve is slowed down, the drilling capability of the sleeve is improved, and hole collapse and deflection are prevented. The method is simple and convenient to operate in actual use, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, saves time and reduces a large amount of workload.
3. The invention has good economy. The rotary drilling rig is free from connecting pipelines, and is free from extending out of the support to be fixed on the chassis of the rotary drilling rig, and the protective cylinder can be repeatedly used, so that the maintenance cost is low.
4. The invention improves the operation efficiency. According to the invention, a prefabricated hole is not required to be drilled in actual use, the driving sleeve is connected with the square head of the drill rod through the pin shaft, so that complex disassembly and assembly are avoided, simplicity and high efficiency are realized, and more profits are created for users.
In general, the invention provides a construction method of a rotary drilling rig for pressing and rotating a driving casing to lower through a drill rod in the construction of a cast-in-place pile. The invention provides an economical, practical, efficient and energy-saving construction method for construction on a construction site, reduces construction cost, creates more benefits for users, and ensures safer and more safe construction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary drilling rig and a casing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the casing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the connecting pin.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting pin of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the driving sleeve of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention using a connecting pin to connect the drive sleeve and the casing up and down.
Detailed Description
The material, inner diameter and outer diameter of the protective cylinder body 2.2 and the boot body 3.1 are the same, but the material of the drill tooth 3.2 is different from that of the protective cylinder body.
The upper end hole of the driving sleeve 1 is connected with the square head of the drill rod 65 by a pin shaft 7, and the interface mode can be three parties or Baohong, so that the rotary driving moment and the pressure in the vertical direction are transmitted to the protective cylinder 2 and the boot 3; in the up-down direction, the protective cylinder 2 is positioned between the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3, part of materials are removed from the upper end of the cylinder 2.1 to form an inner step, and the diameter of the inner wall at the inner step at the top of the protective cylinder 2 in fig. 2 and 6 is 2-8mm larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder 1.8 at the lower end of the driving sleeve 1, so that a certain connecting gap is formed after the driving sleeve 1 and the protective cylinder 2 are matched; the boot 3 is connected with the protective sleeve 2 or the driving sleeve 1 by a taper pin 4, a connecting gap of 2-8mm is also formed in the diameter direction of the protective sleeve and the boot, drilling teeth embedded at the bottom of the boot comprise bucket teeth or stop teeth, the tooth tips of the drilling teeth alternately appear inwards and outwards, the diameter of the outer circle formed by rotation of the drilling teeth is about 50mm smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the protective sleeve 2, the diameter of the inner circle formed by rotation of the drilling teeth is about 50mm smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the protective sleeve 2, and the diameters of the inner walls of the protective sleeve and the boot are 100-300mm larger than the diameter of the drilling operation; one end of the connecting pin 4 is cylindrical with external threads, namely a threaded section 4.1, the inside of the connecting pin is provided with an inner hexagonal hole, namely a fastening hole 4.2, and the other end of the connecting pin 4 is provided with a smooth conical outer surface, namely a round table section 4.3, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The driving sleeve 1 comprises a first square hole plate 1.1, a second square hole plate 1.2 and a reinforcing ring 1.3, and square holes formed by the driving sleeve can simultaneously meet the installation requirements of three parties of the drill rod and the Baohong. The reinforcing ribs 1.4 are provided with lifting holes, the reinforcing ribs 1.4 are welded among the first square hole plate 1.1, the second square hole plate 1.2 and the round bottom plate 1.5, and each reinforcing rib 1.4 is arranged at the right end of each first square hole plate 1.1 and the right end of each second square hole plate 1.2;
the U-shaped sleeve is welded in the U-shaped positioning hole, the round platform ring and the threaded ring are welded in the through hole, the positioning key matched with the U-shaped sleeve and the connecting pin 4 matched with the round platform ring and the threaded ring are preferably subjected to thermal refining, the thermal refining hardness is about HRC48, and the thermal refining is a metal heat treatment mode.
The clearance between the positioning key and the positioning hole or the U-shaped sleeve is 1-2mm, after the newly added one pile casing 2 is circumferentially matched with the driving sleeve 1, the height of each pile casing is 2-4 meters, at the moment, after the positioning key is matched with the positioning hole or the U-shaped sleeve, the connecting pin 4 can be not inserted, the positioning key can be directly used for transmitting rotary driving, and the axial downward pressure is transmitted by the axial contact surface of the positioning key and the driving sleeve; after the newly added one pile casing 2 advances downwards for 2-4 meters, the connecting pin 4 is inserted, the fastening hole 4.2 of the connecting pin 4 is fastened by an inner hexagonal wrench, so that the connecting pin 4 is matched with a through hole on the wall surface of an inner stage and a through hole on the wall surface of an outer stage in the stage, or is matched with a threaded ring and a round platform ring in the two through holes, after the pile casing 2 is screwed, the driving sleeve 1, the pile casing 2 and the boot 3 are firmly connected vertically, the pile casing 2 and the boot 3 are conveniently connected and then enter the ground, and all the pile casings 2 and the boot 3 are conveniently pulled out together when the pile casing is pulled out later.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of the connection between the cylinder 1.8 and the step section of the casing 2 in the driving sleeve 1 of fig. 2, wherein the upper end of the casing 2 is in an inner step shape, the lower end is in an outer step shape, and the radial fit clearance between the cylinder 1.8 and the upper end of the driving sleeve 2 is 2-8mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the casing 2 is composed of a plurality of standard knots, and has a length of about 2000-4000mm, so as to prevent hole collapse and hole deviation during construction. Alloy drilling teeth are embedded at the bottom end of the boot 3, various strata and rocks are cut in a circular manner through rotation and axial compression, resistance of a buried sleeve is relieved, drilling capacity of the sleeve is improved, and the length of the sleeve is about 1500mm; the connecting pin 4 is used for connecting the driving sleeve 1 with the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3, and the connecting pin 4 and the positioning key transmit the rotation driving force and the pressurizing force of the driving sleeve 1. The welding positions of all parts are provided with inverted grooves, and except special requirements, the gas welding peak angle is not lower than 80% of the thickness of the thin plate at the welding position.
A rotary drilling rig incorporating the casing apparatus of the present invention is provided in fig. 1. Wherein the rotary drill host 61 provides the required power source and structural support for the present invention; the main hoist 62 is used to raise and lower the drill pipe 66 and casing 2; the mast 63 is used to support and guide the drill pipe 66, the power head 67 and the casing 2; the pressurizing cylinder 64 is used for pressurizing and lifting the power head 67, and simultaneously pressurizing and lifting the drill rod 66 and the casing 2 through the power head 67; the power head 67 with the soil throwing disk 671 can move up and down along the drill rod 66, and the steel wire rope 65 is used for lifting and lowering the drill rod 66 and the casing 2; the drill pipe 66 is used for transmitting the driving and pressurizing of the power head to the casing 2; the power head 67 decelerates and increases moment through a speed reducer and a speed reducer box of the power head 67, provides rotary driving force for the drill rod and the casing and transmits pressurizing force provided by the pressurizing oil cylinder; the pin 7 is used for connecting the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1; the driving sleeve 1 is used for transmitting the rotation driving force and the pressurizing force of the drill rod; the connecting pin 4 is used for transmitting the rotation driving force and the pressurizing force of the driving sleeve 1 downwards and upwards and comprises a reverse rotation pull-out protective sleeve 2 and a boot 3; the protective cylinder 2 consists of a plurality of standard knots and is used for preventing hole collapse and hole deviation during construction; alloy drilling teeth are embedded at the front end of the boot 3, various strata and rocks are cut in a circular manner through rotation and axial compression, the resistance of a buried sleeve is slowed down, and the drilling capacity of the sleeve is improved; the aperture of the working hole 51 is 100-300mm smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 2 so that the drilling bucket can be normally constructed, and the bottom of the drill rod in fig. 1 is not connected with the drilling bucket at the moment, but is connected with the lower casing of the casing device; geological structure 52, the object of construction by the rotary drilling rig of the present invention.
The invention provides a construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile, which comprises the following steps of:
A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod: pulling out a pin shaft (which is interchangeable and universal with a pin shaft 7 in fig. 1) of the bottom of the drill rod and connected with the drill bucket, installing a casing driving sleeve 1, and connecting the driving sleeve 1 with the bottom of the drill rod 66 by using the pin shaft 7;
B. the driving sleeve is connected with the boot: the driving sleeve 1 is connected with the boot 3 by a threaded connecting pin 4, alloy drill teeth are embedded at the front end (lower end) of the boot, the outer diameter of the boot 3 is about 20-100 mm (for example, 50 mm) smaller than the maximum rotation diameter formed by the alloy drill teeth at the front end during rotation, and the inner diameter is about 20-100 mm (for example, 50 mm) larger than the minimum rotation diameter formed by the alloy drill teeth during rotation, so that the resistance of stratum to the inner wall and the outer wall of the protection barrel during lower protection barrel is reduced. Specifically, first, the first positioning key 1.7 on the driving sleeve 1 is circumferentially aligned, inserted into the third positioning hole 3.3 of the boot, and inserted into the fastening hole 4.2 of the connecting pin 4 by using an inner hexagonal wrench, and screwed up so that the connecting pin 4 is not exposed, thereby fixing the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 in all directions of circumference, axial direction (and vertical direction) and radial direction, and setting the height of the boot 3 to be about 1.5 meters so as to facilitate the installation of the taper pin by workers; of course, in this step, instead of connecting drive sleeve 1 and boot 3 by connecting pin 4, drive sleeve 1 and boot 3 may be aligned circumferentially accurately and driven down into boot 3 by only using a locating key and a locating hole.
C. Positioning the positions of the rotary drilling rig and the drilled hole: the guide pile can be made of wood or steel bars and is divided into 4 directions, one guide pile is fixed every 90 degrees, the pattern surrounded by the 4 posts can be square or diamond, diagonal lines are pulled out by ropes, and the center of the boot is aligned with the cross center, namely the intersection point of the diagonal lines.
D. Lower boot: the rope for pulling diagonal is loosened, the rotary driving and the pressurizing force transmitted by the drill rod are used as power sources to start cutting and drilling, the inner diameter of the boot is 100-300mm larger than the diameter of the drilled hole, and therefore the drill bucket and the inner wall of the protective barrel are prevented from interfering during subsequent drilling. When the boot is lowered, the top parts of the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 are circumferentially positioned, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole, so that the lower boot can be started; of course, the drive sleeve 1 and the boot 3 may be further connected by the connecting pin 4, and the boot may be restarted.
E. The following first section of casing: when the connecting pin 4 is drilled to a proper position, for example, the top of the boot is higher than the ground by about 50cm, the connecting pin 4 is convenient to assemble and disassemble by workers, if the connecting pin 4 is assembled in the step B or the step D, the connecting pin 4 between the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 is disassembled by using an inner hexagonal wrench, the bottom of the first section of standard protection sleeve 2 with the height of about 2-4 m is connected with the top of the boot 3 by using the connecting pin 4, the driving sleeve 1 and the top of the protection sleeve 2 are positioned and aligned in the circumferential direction, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole, so that the driving sleeve 1 and the protection sleeve 2 are positioned in the circumferential direction, and the next first section of protection sleeve can be started.
F. The following protective cylinder: when the first section of pile casing drills to a proper position, for example, the top of the first section of pile casing is 0.5m higher than the ground, the connection between the driving sleeve 1 and the first section of pile casing is firstly disconnected, another section of standard pile casing is added on the first section of pile casing, the bottom of the second section of pile casing is connected with the top of the first section of pile casing by using the connecting pin 4, and then a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole at the tops of the driving sleeve 1 and the second section of pile casing, so that the two sections of pile casings are positioned circumferentially, and the second section of pile casing can be started to be arranged.
G. And (3) finishing the lower casing: and (F) circulating the step (until the required casing depth is reached, and completing the lower casing. If the resistance of the geological structure 52 to the casing is relatively high in the process of the lower casing, the connection between the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1 can be disconnected at this moment, the drill pipe 66 is provided with a drill bucket, the soil is taken from the inside of the casing to drill so as to reduce the resistance of the soil layer in the casing to the casing, and the lower casing of the driving sleeve 1 can be switched after the resistance is reduced until the lower casing is completed. In most cases, the drilling bucket can be switched to drill holes for taking out soil after the lower casing is directly completed in one step. When the lower casing reaches the required depth, the pin 7 for connecting the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1 is disconnected, and the drill pipe is mounted with a drill bucket to start the drilling construction operation.
In a specific embodiment, the wall thicknesses of the main bodies of the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 are the same and are 25mm, and the main bodies are the same in material, but the materials of the drill teeth in the boot 3 are different. When the wall thickness of the step-shaped connecting sections of the protective cylinder 2 and the boot 3 is about 11mm, a gap of about 3mm is formed between the step-shaped connecting sections of the protective cylinder 2 and the boot 3 or between the protective cylinder 2 and the protective cylinder 2 when the two are connected up and down.
The power head comprising the soil throwing disc can move up and down along the drill rod.
The invention firstly proposes a mode of adopting the lower casing of the drill rod, and the gravity of the drill rod is pressed on the casing, thereby being beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction during the lower casing.
Existing drill pipes are typically square heads, for example 200 x 200mm, or 150 x 150mm in size.
In the invention, after the positioning key and the positioning hole are aligned circumferentially, downward force can enable the driving sleeve 1 to be inserted into the lower protective sleeve 2 or the boot 3 or enable the protective sleeve 2 to be inserted into the lower boot 3. At this time, the casing 2 and the boot 3 can be driven into the ground without inserting the connecting pin 4 into the through hole, but before the casing 2 and the boot 3 are required to be pulled out, the connecting pin 4 is required to be inserted into the through hole so that the driving sleeve 1, the casing 2 and the boot 3 are integrally and tightly connected in the up-down direction.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the step-shaped connection section arranged at the top end of each pile casing 2 is an inner step, the step-shaped connection section arranged at the bottom end of each pile casing 2 is an outer step, the outer step at the bottom end of the upper pile casing is inserted into the inner step at the top end of the lower pile casing, and the two steps are radially matched inside and outside, and a fit clearance of a plurality of millimeters is reserved. Correspondingly, the stepped attachment section provided at the top end of boot 3 in fig. 1 is likewise an internal step, so that the external stage of the bottom end of the casing above it is inserted into boot 3. Of course, conversely, the step-shaped connection section provided at the top end of each casing 2 is an outer step, while the step-shaped connection section provided at the bottom end of each casing 2 is an inner step, and the top end outer step of the lower casing is inserted into the bottom end inner step of the upper casing, which is the same effect. Likewise, the attachment of protective sleeve 2 to boot 3 may be reversed from the inner and outer steps shown in FIG. 1. Correspondingly, a positioning key protruding outwards in the radial direction is arranged at the outer wall of the outer step of the step connecting section, a through hole-shaped positioning hole is arranged at the side wall of the inner step of the step connecting section, and the positioning key and the positioning hole are preferably U-shaped, so that the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 are inserted downwards to be matched and positioned after being aligned in the circumferential direction. The U-shaped positioning holes can be replaced by trapezoid holes with wide upper parts and narrow lower parts.
The bottom of the boot 3 shown in fig. 2 is provided with a drill tooth, which may be a pick or a tooth, wherein the pick is typically used for relatively hard geology and the tooth is typically used for softer geology such as soft mud, sand, etc.
As shown in fig. 5, the two first square hole plates 1.1 and the second square hole plates 1.2 are welded together to form square holes 203×203mm for inserting square heads of drill rods, wherein the square heads can be three or three. The reinforcing ring 1.3 is welded and arranged on the outer side of the upper end of a square hole formed by the first square hole plate 1.1 and the second square hole plate 1.2. The round bottom plate 1.5 is a drilling direction in the clockwise direction from top to bottom of the nursing cylinder device, so that the reinforcing ribs 1.4 are plate-shaped structures arranged at the right ends of the first square hole plate (1.1) and the second square hole plate (1.2), and the structure of the driving sleeve 1 is firmer when drilling is facilitated.
After the positioning key is connected with the positioning hole, the connecting pin is connected with the through hole at the inner step and the through hole at the outer step, and all components such as the positioning key and the connecting pin do not exceed the inner walls of the protective cylinder body 2.2 and the boot body 3.1 on the protective cylinder 2 and the boot 3 and extend to the space inside the inner walls, and all components do not exceed the outer walls of the protective cylinder body 2.2 and the boot body 3.1 on the protective cylinder 2 and the boot 3 and extend to the space outside the outer walls.
In the particular embodiment shown in fig. 1, the casing 2 and boot 3 are set to 1.77 m in outside diameter and 1.72 m in inside diameter, and thus 25mm in wall thickness, and are used for drilling with a drill bucket of 1.5 m diameter.
The positioning key and the positioning hole can only position the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 in the circumferential direction. In the invention, the connecting pin 4 is connected with the through hole on the inner step and the through hole on the outer step in a matching way, so that the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 can be connected in the up-down direction, the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 can be connected in the circumferential direction and the radial direction, specifically, the driving sleeve 1 and the protective sleeve 2 can be connected, the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 can be connected, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 can be connected, and the two protective sleeves 2 can be connected.
In the method of the present invention, when the top of the lower casing is also exposed above the ground, it is not necessary to insert the connecting pin 4, because the connecting pin 4 serves to connect the driving sleeve 1, the casing 2 and the boot 3 up and down, and thus the connection of the connecting pin 4 is only necessary when the casing 2 and the boot 3 are pulled out. Therefore, to facilitate the worker to insert the connection pins 4, the connection pins 4 are inserted again when the boot 3 and each of the casings 2 are lowered to a height of 0.5 to 1 m from the ground at the time of lower casing, instead of inserting the connection pins 4 when the driving sleeve 1 is aligned with the boot 3 or the casing 2 to start the lower casing, it is necessary to insert the connection pins 4 at the top of the casing 2 to 4 m high, which is an unnecessary complicated operation. Of course, both the casing 2 and the boot 3 below the ground are already plugged with the connecting pin 4, otherwise all the casings 2 and the boot 3 cannot be pulled out integrally when the casings are to be pulled out. It will be readily appreciated that after each new casing 2 has been installed under the drive sleeve 1, the top of the casing is at a height of, for example, 2.5 to 4.5 metres, and there is no need to insert the connecting pin 4 at this height, but only to align the drive sleeve 1 with the uppermost casing 2 in the circumferential direction so that the locating holes and pins match, so that the drill rod applies a downward force to the casing and boot. Only when the casing and boot are pulled out, the connection between the drive sleeve 1, the casing 2 and the boot 3 with the upper connecting pin 4 is required when the drill rod is reversed.
When the drilling is completed and the sleeve (the protective sleeve and the boot) is required to be pulled out, the uppermost protective sleeve and the driving sleeve 1 are firstly ensured to be connected up and down by using the connecting pin 4, and then the drill rod is reversed, so that the protective sleeve and the boot can be successfully pulled out.
In the construction process of the cast-in-place pile, a pile casing is firstly arranged, then a hole is drilled, then a reinforcement cage is arranged, and then concrete is poured and the pile casing is pulled out.
In the invention, the drill rod connection drilling of the drill bucket and the drill rod connection of the casing device for carrying out the lower casing can be alternately completed, and of course, the drilling is carried out after the lower casing is completed in the optimal state.
In the present invention, the depth of the lower casing is typically 20 meters or more, and thus the casing device generally includes a driving sleeve 1, a boot 3, and a plurality of casings 2.
The foregoing examples are provided for the purpose of clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Any other equivalent technical characteristics may be changed or modified without changing the basic idea and essence of the present invention, and the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a lower pile casing of a cast-in-place pile is characterized by comprising the steps of using a pile casing device, wherein the pile casing device comprises a driving sleeve (1), one or more sections of pile casings (2), a boot (3) and a connecting pin (4),
The driving sleeve (1) comprises two first square hole plates (1.1) and two second square hole plates (1.2) which are arranged in parallel, the four square hole plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on a circular bottom plate (1.5), the four square hole plates are fixedly connected to form square holes (1.9) for inserting square heads of drill rods together, reinforcing ribs (1.4) fixedly connected with the circular bottom plate (1.5) are arranged at the right end of each first square hole plate (1.1) and the right end of each second square hole plate (1.2), a cylinder (1.8) is arranged below the plate surface of the circular bottom plate (1.5), and the central line of each square hole (1.9) coincides with the central line of the corresponding cylinder (1.8); the cylinder (1.8) is provided with a through hole I (1.6) for connecting the driving sleeve (1) with the protective cylinder (2) or the boot (3) below the driving sleeve, the cylinder (1.8) is also provided with a first positioning structure for positioning the driving sleeve (1) with the protective cylinder (2) or the boot (3) below the driving sleeve in the circumferential direction, and the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key (1.7) and/or a first positioning hole;
the pile casing (2) comprises a cylindrical pile casing body (2.2) with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm and step-shaped connecting sections arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the pile casing body (2.2), through holes (2.6) for connecting the pile casing (2) with other structures in the pile casing device up and down and second positioning structures for circumferential positioning are arranged at the step-shaped connecting sections, the second positioning structures comprise second positioning keys (2.7) and/or second positioning holes (2.1), and the wall thickness at the step-shaped connecting sections is less than 4/5 of the wall thickness of the pile casing body;
The boot (3) comprises a cylindrical boot body (3.1) with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm, a third step-shaped connecting section arranged at the top end of the boot body (3.1) and drilling teeth (3.2) arranged at the bottom end of the boot body (3.1), a through hole three (3.4) for connecting the boot (3) with other structures in the protective device up and down and a third positioning structure for performing circumferential positioning are arranged at the third step-shaped connecting section, the third positioning structure comprises a third positioning key and/or a third positioning hole (3.3), and the wall thickness of the third step-shaped connecting section is less than 4/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body;
the connecting pin (4) is used for connecting the driving sleeve (1), the protective cylinder (2) and the boot (3) in the up-down direction, the connecting pin (4) comprises a threaded section (4.1) positioned at the radial outer side of the protective cylinder device and a round platform section (4.3) positioned at the radial inner side, a fastening hole (4.2) is formed in the radial center position of the threaded section (4.1), and the fastening hole (4.2) is used for fixedly arranging the connecting pin (4) in a through hole of the driving sleeve (1), the protective cylinder (2) or the boot (3);
the construction method comprises the following steps:
A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod: the driving sleeve (1) is connected with the bottom of the drill rod (66) through the pin shaft (7);
B. The driving sleeve is connected with the boot: aligning circumferentially, namely aligning and inserting a first positioning key or a first positioning hole on the driving sleeve with a third positioning hole or a third positioning key of the boot (3); the driving sleeve and the boot can be also connected by a connecting pin (4), so that the driving sleeve and the boot are fixed in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction;
C. positioning the positions of the rotary drilling rig and the drilled hole: ensuring that the center of the boot is aligned with the center of the hole to be drilled; the sequence of steps A to C can be exchanged;
D. lower boot: the rotary drive and the downward pressure transmitted by the drill rod are used as power sources to start cutting and drilling of the lower boot;
E. the following first section of casing: when the boot is detached to a proper position convenient for workers to detach the connecting pin, particularly when the top of the boot is 10 cm-1.3 m higher than the ground, if the connecting pin is assembled in the step B, the connecting pin between the driving sleeve and the boot is detached, and if the connecting pin is not assembled in the step B, the connecting pin is not required to be detached; the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder is connected with the top of the boot by a connecting pin, then the driving sleeve and the top of the protective cylinder are positioned and aligned in the circumferential direction, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole, so that the driving sleeve and the protective cylinder are positioned in the circumferential direction, and the next first section of protective cylinder can be started; or after the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing are circumferentially positioned, connecting pins are installed at the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing so that the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing are circumferentially, axially and radially fixed in all directions;
F. The following protective cylinder: when the first section of casing drills to a proper position which is convenient for workers to disassemble and assemble the connecting pin, particularly when the top of the first section of casing is 10 cm-1.5 m higher than the ground, the connection between the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing is firstly disconnected, at least the connection between the positioning key and the positioning hole is disconnected, and if the connecting pin is arranged between the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of casing in the step E, the connection pin is disassembled; then a second section of standard protection cylinder is added on the first section of protection cylinder, the bottom of the second section of protection cylinder is connected with the top of the first section of protection cylinder by a connecting pin, and a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole at the top of the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protection cylinder, so that the two sections of protection cylinders are positioned circumferentially, and the second section of protection cylinder can be started to be arranged; the connecting pin is arranged at the top of the second section of protective cylinder after the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protective cylinder are positioned circumferentially, so that the driving sleeve and the top of the second section of protective cylinder are fixed in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction;
G. and (3) finishing the lower casing: and (F) circulating the step (until the required casing depth is reached, and completing the lower casing.
2. The method for constructing a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, wherein step G further comprises the step of loading a drill pipe with a drill bucket for taking out soil; specifically, if the resistance of the geological structure to the casing is relatively high in the process of the lower casing, and the speed of the lower casing is too low, at the moment, the connection between the drill rod and the driving sleeve is disconnected, the drill bucket is arranged on the drill rod instead, the method that the drill bucket drills by taking soil in the casing to reduce the resistance of soil layers in the casing to the casing is adopted, and the lower casing is switched to the driving sleeve after the resistance is reduced until the lower casing is completed.
3. The construction method of the lower casing of the cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, wherein square reinforcing rings (1.3) are further arranged on the outer sides of the upper parts of the four square hole plates of the driving sleeve (1); the reinforcing ribs (1.4) are arranged vertically and comprise inclined top edges, wherein the height of the reinforcing ribs close to the square hole plate is large, the height of the reinforcing ribs far away from the center point of the circular bottom plate (1.5) is small.
4. The construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, wherein when the top end of the same casing (2) is an outer step-type connecting section, the bottom end is an inner step-type connecting section; when the top end of the same protective cylinder is an inner step-shaped connecting section, the bottom end of the same protective cylinder is an outer step-shaped connecting section, and the wall thickness of the step-shaped connecting section of the protective cylinder (2) is 2/5~3/5 of the wall thickness of the protective cylinder body; the third step-shaped connecting section of the boot (3) is of an outer step shape or an inner step shape, and the wall thickness of the third step-shaped connecting section is 2/5~3/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body.
5. The construction method of the lower casing of the cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning key (1.7) has a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end and protrudes radially outside the outer wall of the cylinder (1.8), and the first positioning hole has a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end; the second positioning key arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the upper end of the protective cylinder body is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the second positioning hole (2.1) is of a structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end; the second positioning key (2.7) arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the lower end of the casing body is of a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the second positioning hole is of a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end; the third positioning key is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the third positioning hole (3.3) is of a structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end.
6. The construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to claim 5, wherein the first positioning key (1.7) has a U-shaped structure, and the first positioning hole has an inverted U-shaped structure; the second positioning key (2.7) is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure, and the second positioning hole is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure; the third positioning key is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and the third positioning hole (3.3) is of a U-shaped structure.
7. The construction method of the lower casing of the cast-in-place pile according to claim 6, wherein a first U-shaped sleeve is welded in the first positioning hole, the first U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the first positioning hole or the first U-shaped sleeve is sized to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the casing (2) or the boot (3); a second U-shaped sleeve is welded in the second positioning hole, the second U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the second positioning hole or the second U-shaped sleeve is arranged to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the driving sleeve (1), the other protective sleeve (2) or the boot (3); the third positioning hole is internally welded with a third U-shaped sleeve, the third U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the third positioning hole or the third U-shaped sleeve is arranged to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the driving sleeve (1) or the protective cylinder (2).
8. The construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a first circular truncated cone ring or a first threaded ring is arranged in the first through hole (1.6), the radially outer wall of the first circular truncated cone ring is matched with the first through hole, the inside of the first circular truncated cone ring is of a circular truncated cone-shaped through hole structure, the radially outer side close to the cylinder (1.8) is of a large diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radially inner side close to the cylinder (1.8) is of a small diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, and the radially outer wall of the first threaded ring is matched with the first through hole, and the inside of the first threaded ring is of a threaded through hole structure; the second round platform ring or the second thread ring is arranged in the second through hole (2.6), the third round platform ring or the third thread ring is arranged in the third through hole (3.4), and the third round platform ring or the third thread ring and the first round platform ring or the first thread ring arranged in the first through hole (1.6) are connected and fixed in the same mode.
9. A construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to claim 8, wherein the first circular truncated cone ring or the first threaded ring is welded in the first through hole (1.6), the second circular truncated cone ring or the second threaded ring is welded in the second through hole (2.6), and the third circular truncated cone ring or the third threaded ring is welded in the third through hole (3.4).
10. A construction method of a lower casing of a cast-in-place pile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the outer diameter of the cylinder (1.8) is 1 to 2 m, and the diameter of the circular bottom plate (1.5) is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder (1.8); the outer diameters of the protective cylinder body (2.2) and the boot body (3.1) are 1-2 meters; the drilling teeth comprise bucket teeth or cutting picks, and alternately protrude towards the inner side of the inner wall of the boot body (3.1) and protrude towards the outer side of the outer wall of the boot body (3.1).
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| US6675919B2 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2004-01-13 | Frank's Casing Crew And Rental Tools, Inc. | Tubular piling apparatus and method |
| CN102877467A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-16 | 陈瑜 | Casing body connection device for bored pile |
| CN204370414U (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-03 | 中铁十九局集团有限公司 | A kind of steel pile casting for cast-in-place concrete pile boring and a kind of drilling equipment |
| CN104831708A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-08-12 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Foundation excavation retaining and protecting cast-in-situ bored pile construction method and equipment thereof |
| CN105735251B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2020-02-11 | 赵立财 | Cutting type full-casing follow-up pile-forming construction method and system of bridge pile foundation rotary drilling rig |
| CN111206575A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 海达建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of long spiral pressure-grouting pile |
| CN214883599U (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-11-26 | 四川路航建设工程有限责任公司 | Pipe twisting device of rotary drilling rig and matched steel casing matching device |
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