CN216586508U - A protect a driving sleeve for bored concrete pile construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a protect a section of thick bamboo drive cover for bored concrete pile construction, including two parallel arrangement's first square orifice plate and two parallel arrangement's second square orifice plate, four square orifice plates vertical fixed settings are on circular bottom plate, and four square orifice plate fixed connection and form the square hole that is used for inserting the drilling rod square head jointly, all be provided with the strengthening rib with circular bottom plate fixed connection at the right-hand member of each first square orifice plate and second square orifice plate, be provided with the drum below the face of circular bottom plate, the central line of square hole and the axis coincidence of drum; the cylinder is provided with a first through hole for vertically connecting the driving sleeve with a protective cylinder or a boot below the driving sleeve, and the cylinder is also provided with a first positioning structure for circumferentially positioning the driving sleeve and the protective cylinder or the boot below the driving sleeve, wherein the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key and/or a first positioning hole. The utility model discloses a construction method and corresponding pile casing driving sleeve provide an economical and practical, energy-efficient construction method for the building site construction.

Description

A protect a driving sleeve for bored concrete pile construction

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a piling machinery especially relates to a protect a driving sleeve for bored concrete pile construction.

Background

The cast-in-place pile is a pile formed by forming a hole in place and pouring concrete or reinforced concrete. Commonly used are: (1) drilling a cast-in-place pile: the pile is formed by using a spiral drilling machine, a diving drilling machine and the like to form holes on site and pouring concrete, and the construction has no vibration and does not squeeze soil, but the settlement amount of the pile is slightly larger. The auger drilling machine is suitable for cohesive soil, sandy soil, artificial filling and the like above the ground water level, drilled soil blocks ascend along spiral blades on a drill rod to the outside of a discharge hole, the aperture is about 300mm, the drilling depth is 8-12 m, and the drill rod is selected according to soil quality and water content. The submersible drilling machine is suitable for cohesive soil, sandy soil, silt, mucky soil and the like, and is particularly suitable for forming holes in soil layers with higher underground water level. The mud is used for protecting the wall in order to prevent the hole from collapsing when drilling. Drilling in clay with clear water to form mud to protect wall; prepared mud is injected into sandy soil for drilling. And circularly removing drilled soil scraps by using slurry, and cleaning the hole after the hole is drilled to the required depth to remove the soil scraps sinking at the bottom of the hole, so that the settling amount of the pile is reduced. (2) Sinking a pipe and pouring a pile: the steel pipe with reinforced concrete pile shoe (pile tip) or valve type pile shoe is sunk into the soil by hammering or vibration, then concrete is poured in and the pipe is pulled out simultaneously to form the pile. Hammering the cast-in-place pile by a hammer for sinking and pulling the pipe; the vibrating pipe sinking and pipe drawing of the vibration exciter is called a vibrating cast-in-place pile. The method is easy to cause the defects of pile breaking, necking, foot hanging pile, pile shoe water inlet, mud inlet and the like, and the inspection and the timely treatment are noticed during the construction. In addition, explosive expanding cast-in-place piles are provided, which are formed by expanding the bottom of a pile hole with explosive to increase the bearing capacity.

The pile casing is used for cast-in-situ bored pile construction operation, and is made of steel and cylindrical. Generally, the steel casing has a wall thickness of 10mm or more, and is generally used for construction prevention and fixation. The joint of the protective cylinder requires no projection in the cylinder, and the cylinder is resistant to pulling and pressure and does not leak water.

The rotary drilling rig is a full hydraulic driving device, can realize a construction machine with multiple functions according to actual requirements, and is widely applied to construction of cast-in-place piles with periodical circular cutting, drilling, soil taking and hole forming. As a pore-forming tool, the rotary drilling rig has the characteristics of high pore-forming speed, safe and efficient operation, good pore-forming quality, strong pile foundation bearing capacity, mature and reliable equipment performance, high cost performance and capability of meeting the high requirement of environmental protection, so that the market demand of the rotary drilling rig is more and more, and the quantity of the rotary drilling rig in the domestic market is nearly 10 thousands at present.

In the construction process, in order to protect pile holes, equipment and personnel safety, a pile casing (lower casing for short) needs to be placed in the pile holes. The wall of the protective cylinder is supported by the strength of the protective cylinder to prevent hole collapse, and the length of the protective cylinder can realize forced guiding during drilling to prevent hole deviation. At present, the construction method of the lower pile casing of the cast-in-place pile mainly comprises the following five modes:

1. and a power head lower protective sleeve. The power head is not provided with a drilling bucket, a power head soil throwing disc needs to be detached, a sleeve (comprising a pile casing and a barrel boot) driver is connected and arranged by a bolt (or a pin shaft), and the sleeve is embedded by utilizing the output torque and the pressure of the power head. The main problem of the method for disassembling the soil throwing disc is that the soil throwing disc is troublesome to disassemble, in the process of disassembling the pile casing, if large resistance is met and soil needs to be taken from the interior of the pile casing, the pile casing is inconvenient (a drilling bucket gate cannot be opened due to the fact that the soil throwing pressure disc does not exist), a casing driver needs to be disassembled for drilling after the pile casing is disassembled, and the power head soil throwing disc is installed again, so that the bucket gate is unlocked and soil is released.

2. And a lower protective sleeve of the pipe twisting machine. The pipe twisting machine consists of a bottom frame, a clamp, a lifting/pressing cylinder, a rotary cylinder, a connecting rod, a sliding block and a box body. The hydraulic energy is externally connected to the chassis of the rotary drilling rig to drive the left and right rotary oil cylinders to rotate by about 25 degrees and the lifting/pressing oil cylinder to drill or pull the sleeve. The pipe twisting machine is required to be connected and fixed with a rotary drilling rig chassis. The method has high efficiency, but is difficult to move, disassemble and assemble, and has large manpower and material resources and large construction cost.

3. And a lower protective cylinder of the vibration hammer. The vibration hammer is hoisted by a crawler crane or an extended arm of the excavator, and the sleeve is buried and pulled up by vibrating on the protective cylinder. The method also needs other auxiliary equipment, has high requirements on the pile casing, can put down a relatively long pile casing, but needs other large-scale equipment, and has high construction cost.

4. A lower pile casing of a full slewing drilling machine. The full-rotation drilling machine has the same function as a pipe twisting machine, needs external hydraulic energy, can rotate 360 degrees in the forward and backward directions compared with the pipe twisting machine, and simultaneously needs to be connected and fixed with a base of the rotary drilling machine. The method has higher efficiency than a pipe twisting machine, but is difficult to move, disassemble and assemble, requires more manpower and material resources and has high construction cost.

5. And a lower protective cylinder of the drilling bucket. The prefabricated hole is drilled, the protective cylinder is hung above the hole, the protective cylinder is pressed downwards by using the weight of a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig to push against the edge of the protective cylinder, and the protective cylinder is easy to damage due to unbalanced stress.

The above methods have advantages and disadvantages, and from the viewpoint of economy and benefits, there is a need in the art for a new pile casing device for cast-in-place pile construction and a construction method for a pile casing below a cast-in-place pile, and a corresponding need for a pile casing driving sleeve for use in a pile casing device.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a construction method of a lower pile casing of a cast-in-place pile, in particular to a method of a lower pile casing of a drill rod, and the implementation of the method needs to use a pile casing device and a pile casing driving sleeve of the cast-in-place pile.

The utility model discloses at first provide a protect a section of thick bamboo drive sleeve for bored concrete pile construction, the drive sleeve includes two parallel arrangement's first square orifice plate and two parallel arrangement's second square orifice plate, and four square orifice plates vertical fixed settings are on circular bottom plate, and four square orifice plate fixed connection and form the square hole that is used for inserting the drilling rod square head jointly, all be provided with the strengthening rib with circular bottom plate fixed connection at the right-hand member of each first square orifice plate and second square orifice plate, be provided with the drum below the face of circular bottom plate, the central line of square hole and the axis coincidence of drum; the cylinder is provided with a first through hole for vertically connecting the driving sleeve with a protective cylinder or a boot below the driving sleeve, and the cylinder is also provided with a first positioning structure for circumferentially positioning the driving sleeve and the protective cylinder or the boot below the driving sleeve, wherein the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key and/or a first positioning hole.

In a specific embodiment, a square reinforcing ring is further arranged outside the upper part of the four square hole plates.

In a specific embodiment, the reinforcing ribs are reinforcing ribs which are arranged at a position close to the square hole plate and a position far away from the central point of the circular bottom plate, have a large height, and are arranged vertically on the plate surface and comprise inclined top edges.

In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key is a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and protrudes out of the outer wall of the cylinder in the radial direction, and the first positioning hole is a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end.

In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key has a U-shaped structure, and the first positioning hole has an inverted U-shaped structure.

In a specific embodiment, a first U-shaped sleeve is welded in the first positioning hole, the first U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the first positioning hole or the first U-shaped sleeve is sized and configured to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on a protective sleeve or a boot.

In a specific embodiment, a first circular truncated cone ring or a first threaded ring is arranged in the first through hole, the radial outer wall of the first circular truncated cone ring is matched with the first through hole, the inner part of the first circular truncated cone ring is in a circular truncated cone-shaped through hole structure, the radial outer side close to the cylinder is a large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial inner side close to the cylinder is a small-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial outer wall of the first threaded ring is matched with the first through hole, and the inner part of the first threaded ring is in a threaded through hole structure.

In a specific embodiment, the first circular truncated cone ring or the first threaded ring is welded in the first through hole.

In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 1-2m, and the diameter of the circular bottom plate is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder.

The utility model also provides a construction method of the lower pile casing of the cast-in-place pile, which comprises the use of a pile casing device, the pile casing device comprises a driving sleeve 1, one or more pile casings 2, a boot 3 and a connecting pin 4,

the driving sleeve 1 comprises two first square hole plates 1.1 arranged in parallel and two second square hole plates 1.2 arranged in parallel, the four square hole plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on a circular bottom plate 1.5 and are fixedly connected to form a square hole 1.9 used for inserting a square head of a drill rod together, reinforcing ribs 1.4 fixedly connected with the circular bottom plate 1.5 are arranged at the right ends of each of the first square hole plate 1.1 and the second square hole plate 1.2, a cylinder 1.8 is arranged below the surface of the circular bottom plate 1.5, and the central line of the square hole 1.9 is superposed with the central axis of the cylinder 1.8; a through hole I1.6 for connecting the driving sleeve 1 and the protective sleeve 2 or the boot 3 below the driving sleeve up and down is arranged on the cylinder 1.8, a first positioning structure for positioning the driving sleeve 1 and the protective sleeve 2 or the boot 3 below the driving sleeve in the circumferential direction is also arranged on the cylinder 1.8, and the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key 1.7 and/or a first positioning hole;

the protective cylinder 2 comprises a cylindrical protective cylinder body 2.2 with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm and step-shaped connecting sections arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the protective cylinder body 2.2, through holes 2.6 for connecting the protective cylinder 2 and other structures in the protective cylinder device up and down and second positioning structures for circumferential positioning are arranged at the step-shaped connecting sections, each second positioning structure comprises a second positioning key 2.7 and/or a second positioning hole 2.1, and the wall thickness of the step-shaped connecting sections is smaller than 4/5 of the wall thickness of the protective cylinder body;

the boot 3 comprises a cylindrical boot body 3.1 with the wall thickness of 8-50 mm, a third step-shaped connecting section arranged at the top end of the boot body 3.1 and drill teeth 3.2 arranged at the bottom end of the boot body 3.1, a through hole three 3.4 for connecting the boot 3 and other structures in the boot protecting device up and down and a third positioning structure for circumferential positioning are arranged at the third step-shaped connecting section, the third positioning structure comprises a third positioning key and/or a third positioning hole 3.3, and the wall thickness of the third step-shaped connecting section is below 4/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body;

the connecting pin 4 is used for connecting the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the barrel shoe 3 in the up-down direction, the connecting pin 4 comprises a thread section 4.1 positioned on the radial outer side of the protective sleeve device and a circular truncated cone section 4.3 positioned on the radial inner side of the protective sleeve device, a fastening hole 4.2 is formed in the radial center of the thread section 4.1, and the fastening hole 4.2 is used for fixedly arranging the connecting pin 4 in a through hole of the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 or the barrel shoe 3;

the construction method comprises the following steps:

A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod: the driving sleeve 1 is connected with the bottom of the drill rod 66 by a pin shaft 7;

B. the driving sleeve is connected with the boot: circumferentially aligning, and aligning and inserting a first positioning key or a first positioning hole on the driving sleeve with a third positioning hole or a third positioning key of the boot 3; the driving sleeve and the boot can also be connected by a connecting pin 4, so that the driving sleeve and the boot are fixed in all directions in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction;

C. positioning the rotary drilling rig and the drill hole: ensuring that the center of the boot is aligned with the center of the hole to be drilled; the sequence of the step A to the step C can be changed;

D. a lower boot: the rotary drive and the downward pressure transmitted by the drill rod are used as power sources to start cutting and drilling the lower boot;

E. the first section of protective cylinder is as follows: when the boot is put down to a proper position convenient for workers to disassemble and assemble the connecting pin, specifically when the top of the boot is 10 cm-1.3 m higher than the ground, if the connecting pin is assembled in the step B before, the connecting pin between the driving sleeve and the boot is disassembled, and if the connecting pin is not assembled in the step B, the connecting pin does not need to be disassembled; connecting the bottom of a first section of protective cylinder with the top of a boot by a connecting pin, positioning and aligning the driving sleeve with the top of the protective cylinder in the circumferential direction, inserting a positioning key into a positioning hole, positioning the driving sleeve and the protective cylinder in the circumferential direction, and starting to start to mount the first section of protective cylinder; or after the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of protective cylinder are positioned in the circumferential direction, a connecting pin is arranged in the circumferential direction, so that the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of protective cylinder are fixed in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction in an all-round way; preferably, no connecting pin is used for connecting the driving sleeve with the top of the first section of casing before the first section of casing is arranged in the step E;

F. the following protective sleeves: when the first section of protective cylinder drills into a proper position which is convenient for workers to disassemble and assemble the connecting pin, particularly when the top of the first section of protective cylinder is 10 cm-1.5 m higher than the ground, the driving sleeve is disconnected with the top of the first section of protective cylinder, at least the connection between the positioning key and the positioning hole is disconnected, and if the connecting pin is arranged between the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of protective cylinder in the step E, the connecting pin is disassembled; then, a second section of standard protecting cylinder is added on the first section of protecting cylinder, the bottom of the second section of protecting cylinder is connected with the top of the first section of protecting cylinder by a connecting pin, and then a positioning key is inserted into the positioning hole at the top of the driving sleeve and the second section of protecting cylinder, so that the second section of protecting cylinder can be started to be placed after the positioning key and the positioning sleeve are circumferentially positioned; or after the top parts of the driving sleeve and the second section of protective cylinder are circumferentially positioned, a connecting pin is arranged at the top part so that the driving sleeve and the top part of the second section of protective cylinder are circumferentially, axially and radially fixed in an all-round way; preferably, no connecting pin is used for connecting the driving sleeve and the top of the second casing before the second casing is descended in the step F;

G. and (4) completing the lower protective sleeve: and F, circulating the step F until the required depth of the casing is reached, and finishing the lower casing.

In the utility model, when the connecting pin is used in the step B, the step B is firstly implemented and then the step C is implemented, because the connecting pin in the step B fixes the driving sleeve and the boot in the circumferential direction, the axial direction and the radial direction in all directions, the boot can be lifted by the drill rod and the driving sleeve in the step C, and the center of the boot is smoothly aligned with the center to be drilled; the connecting pin in step B needs to be removed first in the subsequent step E. And D, when the connecting pin is not used in the step B, generally implementing the step C and then implementing the step B, hoisting the boot by using a crane or an auxiliary winch carried by a rotary drilling rig to ensure that the center of the boot is aligned with the center of the hole to be drilled, and then circumferentially aligning the positioning keys and the positioning holes on the driving sleeve and the boot, namely rotating the lower boot.

The utility model discloses needn't use the connecting pin when implementing step D, because the in-process of lower boots need not upwards mention the boots, and only need drilling rod and drive cover can lower boots to the overdraft that the boots crept into forward.

The utility model discloses in, in the drive cover, protect a section of thick bamboo and section of thick bamboo boots week, generally totally circumference evenly sets up 8 ~ 12 connecting pins, in the work progress, can connect 2 ~ 4 connecting pins earlier circumference symmetrically, also can twist more connecting pins or directly twist all connecting pins.

In the utility model, when the driving sleeve is connected with the top of the first section of protective cylinder by using the connecting pin before the first section of protective cylinder is arranged in the step E, the height of the protective cylinder is 2-4 m or more, so that the connecting pin is inconvenient to screw on the top of the first section of protective cylinder, and the driving sleeve and the top of the first section of protective cylinder do not use the connecting pin before the first section of protective cylinder is arranged in the step E; and a crane or an auxiliary winch carried by the rotary drilling rig is used for hoisting the first section of protective cylinder, so that the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder is circumferentially aligned with the top of the boot, and a connecting pin is arranged between the bottom of the first section of protective cylinder and the top of the boot, so that the next first section of protective cylinder can be started.

In a specific embodiment, step G further comprises a process of loading a drill bucket on the drill rod for soil taking; specifically, if the resistance of the pile casing due to the geological structure is large in the pile casing process, the speed of the pile casing is too low, the connection between the drill rod and the driving sleeve is disconnected at the moment, the drill bucket is installed on the drill rod, the drill bucket is adopted for soil sampling and drilling in the pile casing to reduce the resistance of the soil layer in the pile casing to the pile casing, and the pile casing is switched to the driving sleeve after the resistance is reduced until the pile casing is completed.

In a specific embodiment, a square reinforcing ring 1.3 is further arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the four square hole plates of the driving sleeve 1; the reinforcing rib 1.4 is close to the square hole plate and is high in position and small in position and height far away from the central point of the circular bottom plate 1.5, and the plate surface is vertically arranged and comprises the reinforcing rib with the inclined top edge.

In a specific embodiment, when the top end of the same casing 2 is an external-step-type connecting section, the bottom end thereof is an internal-step-type connecting section; when the top end of the same protective cylinder is an inner step type connecting section, the bottom end of the same protective cylinder is an outer step type connecting section, and the wall thickness of the step type connecting section of the protective cylinder 2 is 2/5-3/5 of the wall thickness of the protective cylinder body; the third step type connecting section of the boot 3 is of an outer step type or an inner step type, and the wall thickness of the third step type connecting section is 2/5-3/5 of the wall thickness of the boot body.

In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key 1.7 is a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and protrudes out of the outer wall of the cylinder 1.8 in the radial direction, and the first positioning hole is a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end; the second positioning key arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the upper end of the protective cylinder body is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the second positioning hole 2.1 is of a structure with an opening at the upper end and a closed lower end; the second positioning key 2.7 arranged at the step-shaped connecting section at the lower end of the protective cylinder body is of a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the second positioning hole is of a structure with an opening at the lower end and a closed upper end; the third positioning key is of a structure with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, and the third positioning hole 3.3 is of a structure with an open upper end and a closed lower end.

In a specific embodiment, the first positioning key 1.7 has a U-shaped structure, and the first positioning hole has an inverted U-shaped structure; the second positioning key 2.7 is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure, and the second positioning hole is of a U-shaped structure or an inverted U-shaped structure; the third positioning key is of an inverted U-shaped structure, and the third positioning hole 3.3 is of a U-shaped structure.

In a specific embodiment, a first U-shaped sleeve is welded in the first positioning hole, the first U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the first positioning hole or the first U-shaped sleeve is sized and used for matching with a U-shaped positioning key on the protective sleeve (2) or the boot (3); a second U-shaped sleeve is welded in the second positioning hole, the second U-shaped sleeve is of a structure comprising a U-shaped inner hole, and the size of the second positioning hole or the second U-shaped sleeve is set to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the driving sleeve 1, the other pile casing 2 or the boot 3; and a third U-shaped sleeve is welded in the third positioning hole and is of a structure containing a U-shaped inner hole, and the size of the third positioning hole or the third U-shaped sleeve is set to be matched with a U-shaped positioning key on the driving sleeve 1 or the protective sleeve 2.

In a specific embodiment, a first circular truncated cone ring or a first threaded ring is arranged in the through hole I1.6, the radial outer wall of the first circular truncated cone ring is matched with the through hole I, the inner part of the first circular truncated cone ring is in a circular truncated cone-shaped through hole structure, the radial outer side close to the cylinder 1.8 is a large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial inner side close to the cylinder 1.8 is a small-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial outer wall of the first threaded ring is matched with the through hole I, and the inner part of the first threaded ring is in a threaded through hole structure; the second circular platform ring or the second threaded ring is arranged in the second through hole 2.6, the third circular platform ring or the third threaded ring is arranged in the third through hole 3.4, and the third circular platform ring or the third threaded ring and the first circular platform ring or the first threaded ring arranged in the first through hole 1.6 are connected and fixed in the same way.

Compared with the method that the U-shaped hole and the through hole with the special shape are directly processed on the driving sleeve 1, the pile casing 2 or the boot 3, the U-shaped sleeve, the circular table ring or the threaded ring is processed firstly and then welded in the U-shaped positioning hole (the U-shaped sleeve) and the through hole (the circular table ring and the threaded ring), the processing mode is more convenient and simple, and the method can directly carry out fine carving on small components such as the U-shaped sleeve, the circular table ring and the threaded ring and can also carry out batch processing; in addition, the small components are convenient to replace in time after being worn. After the U-shaped sleeve, the circular table ring or the threaded ring is used, the machining precision requirements of the positioning hole and the through hole are greatly reduced, and the production and maintenance efficiency of the pile casing device is facilitated.

In a specific embodiment, the first circular truncated cone ring or the first threaded ring is arranged in the first through hole 1.6 by welding, the second circular truncated cone ring or the second threaded ring is arranged in the second through hole 2.6 by welding, and the third circular truncated cone ring or the third threaded ring is arranged in the third through hole 3.4 by welding.

In a specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the cylinder 1.8 is 1-2m, and the diameter of the circular bottom plate 1.5 is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder 1.8; the outer diameters of the cylindrical protecting body 2.2 and the cylindrical boot body 3.1 are both 1-2 m; the drill teeth comprise bucket teeth or cutting teeth, and the drill teeth alternately protrude towards the inner side of the inner wall of the barrel shoe body 3.1 and protrude towards the outer side of the outer wall of the barrel shoe body 3.1.

Utility model's advantage and positive effect:

1. the utility model discloses the flexibility is good. Compared with a lower casing protection method in the background technology, the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod square head through a pin shaft, so that the dismounting, the transition and the carrying are convenient in actual use, the manufacturing of parts is simple, the processing cost is low, and the construction becomes more convenient.

2. The utility model discloses the practicality is good. The alloy drill teeth are alternately embedded towards the radial inside and outside of the lower end of the barrel shoe, and comprise cutting teeth or bucket teeth, various stratums and rocks are annularly cut through rotation and axial compression, the resistance of the buried sleeve is reduced, the drilling capability of the sleeve is improved, and hole collapse and deviation guiding are prevented. The method is simple and convenient to operate in actual use, and simultaneously saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, saves time and reduces a large amount of workload.

3. The utility model discloses economic nature is good. The protective sleeve can be repeatedly used without additionally connecting a pipeline or extending out of the support to be fixed on a chassis of the rotary drilling rig, and the maintenance cost is low.

4. The utility model provides high operating efficiency. The utility model discloses need not to bore prefabricated hole in the in-service use, the drive sleeve adopts the round pin hub connection with drilling rod square head, avoids numerous and complicated dismouting, and is simple high-efficient, creates more profits for the user.

Generally speaking, the utility model provides a rotary drilling rig protects construction method and corresponding a section of thick bamboo driving sleeve that protects that a section of thick bamboo is transferred through drilling rod pressurization and rotation driving in the bored concrete pile construction. The utility model discloses provide an economical and practical, energy-efficient construction method for the building site construction, at reduction construction cost, when creating more interests for the user, let the construction safer, reassurance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a dig rig soon and protect a device schematic structure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the casing device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the connecting pin.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting pin of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the driving sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the driving sleeve and the casing being connected up and down by the connecting pin of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a protect barrel 2.2 and the boots body 3.1 the material, internal diameter and external diameter all unanimous, nevertheless bore the material of tooth 3.2 rather than different.

The square hole at the upper end of the driving sleeve 1 is connected with the square head of the drill rod 65 by a pin shaft 7, and the interface mode can be three or Bao Russia, so that the protective cylinder 2 and the cylinder shoe 3 of the utility model transmit rotary driving torque and pressure in the vertical direction; in the up-down direction, the casing 2 is positioned between the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3, part of materials are removed from the upper end of the cylinder body 2.1 to form an inner step, the diameter of the inner wall of the inner step at the top of the casing 2 in the drawings 2 and 6 is 2-8mm larger than the outer diameter of a cylinder 1.8 at the lower end of the driving sleeve 1, and the inner wall is used for forming a certain connecting gap after the driving sleeve 1 and the casing 2 are matched; the barrel shoe 3 is connected with the protective barrel 2 or the driving sleeve 1 through a taper pin 4, a 2-8mm connecting gap exists in the diameter direction of the protective barrel and the barrel shoe, the drill teeth embedded at the bottom of the barrel shoe comprise bucket teeth or stops, the tooth tips of the drill teeth alternately appear inwards and outwards, the diameter of the outer circle formed by the rotation of the drill teeth is about 50mm larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the protective barrel 2, the diameter of the inner circle formed by the rotation of the drill teeth is about 50mm smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the protective barrel 2, and meanwhile, the diameter of the inner walls of the protective barrel and the barrel shoe is 100mm larger than the diameter of the bore of the drilling operation; one end of the connecting pin 4 is cylindrical with external threads, namely a threaded section 4.1, a hexagon socket hole, namely a fastening hole 4.2, is arranged in the connecting pin, and the other end of the connecting pin 4 is a smooth conical outer surface, namely a circular table section 4.3, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The driving sleeve 1 comprises a first square hole plate 1.1, a second square hole plate 1.2 and a reinforcing ring 1.3, and the square holes formed by the driving sleeve can meet the installation requirements of three sides of a drill rod and Bao Russian at the same time. The reinforcing ribs 1.4 are provided with hoisting holes, the reinforcing ribs 1.4 are welded among the first square hole plate 1.1, the second square hole plate 1.2 and the circular bottom plate 1.5, and each reinforcing rib 1.4 is arranged at the right end of each first square hole plate 1.1 and each second square hole plate 1.2;

the U-shaped sleeve is used for being welded in the U-shaped positioning hole, the circular table ring and the threaded ring are used for being welded in the through hole, the positioning key matched with the U-shaped sleeve and the connecting pin 4 matched with the circular table ring and the threaded ring are used for preferably performing quenching and tempering, the quenching and tempering hardness is about HRC48, and the quenching and tempering is a metal heat treatment mode.

The clearance between the positioning key and the positioning hole or the U-shaped sleeve is 1-2mm, after a newly added protective sleeve 2 is matched with the driving sleeve 1 in the circumferential direction, because the height of each protective sleeve is 2-4 m, the positioning key is matched with the positioning hole or the U-shaped sleeve, the connecting pin 4 is not inserted, the positioning key is directly used for transmitting rotary drive, and the axial contact surface of the positioning key and the positioning hole or the U-shaped sleeve is used for transmitting axial downward pressure; after the newly added protective cylinder 2 travels downwards for 2-4 meters, the connecting pin 4 is inserted, the fastening hole 4.2 of the connecting pin 4 is fastened by an inner hexagonal wrench, so that the connecting pin 4 is sequentially matched with a through hole on the wall surface of an inner stage in a stage and a through hole on the wall surface of an outer stage, or sequentially matched with a threaded ring and a circular truncated cone ring in the through holes, after being screwed, the driving sleeve 1, the protective cylinder 2 and the cylinder boot 3 are vertically connected stably, the protective cylinder 2 and the cylinder boot 3 are conveniently connected and then enter the ground, and all the protective cylinders 2 and the cylinder boot 3 are conveniently pulled out together when the protective cylinders are pulled out later.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the cylinder 1.8 and the step section of the casing 2 in the driving sleeve 1 of fig. 2, the upper end of the casing 2 is in an inner step shape, the lower end is in an outer step shape, and the radial fit clearance between the cylinder 1.8 and the upper end of the driving sleeve 2 is 2-8 mm.

As shown in FIG. 2, the casing 2 is composed of several standard sections, the length of which is about 2000 mm and 4000mm, and is used to prevent hole collapse and hole deviation during construction. The alloy drill teeth are embedded at the bottom end of the barrel shoe 3, various strata and rocks are annularly cut through rotation and axial compression, the resistance of the buried casing is reduced, the drilling capability of the casing is improved, and the length of the casing is about 1500 mm; the connecting pin 4 is used for connecting the driving sleeve 1 with the casing 2 and the boot 3, and the connecting pin 4 and the positioning key transmit the rotary driving force and the pressurizing force of the driving sleeve 1. The welding positions of all parts are provided with reverse grooves, and except special requirements, the gas welding peak angle is not less than 80% of the thickness of a thinner plate at the welding position.

In figure 1, a rotary drilling rig comprising the cylinder protecting device of the utility model is provided. Wherein, the rotary drilling machine main machine 61 provides the required power source and structural support for the utility model; the main winch 62 is used for lifting and lowering the drill rod 66 and the casing 2; the mast 63 is used for supporting and guiding the drill rod 66, the power head 67 and the casing 2; the pressurizing oil cylinder 64 is used for pressurizing and lifting the power head 67, and the drill rod 66 and the casing 2 can be pressurized and lifted through the power head 67; the power head 67 with the soil throwing disc 671 can move up and down along the drill rod 66, and the steel wire rope 65 is used for lifting and lowering the drill rod 66 and the pile casing 2; the drill rod 66 is used for transmitting the driving and pressurizing of the power head for the pile casing 2; the power head 67 decelerates and increases torque through a speed reducer and a reduction gearbox of the power head, and provides rotary driving force for the drill rod and the casing and transmits pressurizing force provided by a pressurizing oil cylinder; the pin shaft 7 is used for connecting the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1; the driving sleeve 1 is used for transmitting the rotary driving force and the pressurizing force of the drill rod; the connecting pin 4 is used for transmitting the rotary driving force and the pressurizing force of the driving sleeve 1 downwards and upwards, and comprises a reverse-rotation pulling-out protective sleeve 2 and a sleeve shoe 3; the pile casing 2 is composed of a plurality of standard sections and is used for preventing hole collapse and hole deviation during construction; alloy drilling teeth are embedded at the front end of the barrel shoe 3, and various strata and rocks are annularly cut through rotation and axial compression, so that the resistance of the buried casing is reduced, and the drilling capability of the casing is improved; the aperture of the operation hole 51 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 2 by 100-300mm so as to facilitate normal construction of the drilling bucket, and the bottom of the drill rod in the figure 1 is not connected with the drilling bucket but connected with the lower casing of the casing protecting device; geological structure 52, promptly the utility model provides a dig the object of rig construction soon.

The utility model provides a construction method of a casing under bored concrete pile, detailed description divide into following step:

A. the driving sleeve is connected with the drill rod: pulling out a pin shaft (which can be used interchangeably with the pin shaft 7 in fig. 1) connecting the bottom of the drill rod with the drilling bucket, installing the casing driving sleeve 1, and connecting the driving sleeve 1 with the bottom of the drill rod 66 by using the pin shaft 7;

B. the driving sleeve is connected with the boot: the driving sleeve 1 and the barrel shoe 3 are connected through a threaded connecting pin 4, alloy drill teeth are embedded in the front end (lower end) of the barrel shoe, the outer diameter of the barrel shoe 3 is about 20-100 mm (for example, 50mm) smaller than the maximum rotating diameter formed by the alloy drill teeth at the front end in rotation, and the inner diameter of the barrel shoe 3 is about 20-100 mm (for example, 50mm) larger than the minimum rotating diameter formed by the alloy drill teeth in rotation, so that the resistance of a stratum to the inner wall and the outer wall of the casing is reduced when the casing is arranged below the casing. Specifically, the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 are circumferentially aligned, a first positioning key 1.7 on the driving sleeve 1 is inserted into a third positioning hole 3.3 of the boot, an inner hexagonal wrench is inserted into a fastening hole 4.2 of the connecting pin 4, and the connecting pin 4 is screwed tightly so as not to expose the head, so that the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 are circumferentially, axially (and vertically) and radially fixed in an all-around manner, and the height of the boot 3 is set to be about 1.5 meters, so that a worker can conveniently install the taper pin; of course, in this step, the connecting pin 4 may not be used to connect the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3, and only the positioning key and the positioning hole are used to accurately circumferentially align the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 and drill down into the boot 3.

C. Positioning the rotary drilling rig and the drill hole: the guide pile can be made of wood or steel bars and is divided into 4 directions, one guide pile is fixed at every 90 degrees, the pattern enclosed by the 4 columns can be a square or a rhombus, diagonal lines are pulled out by ropes, and the center of the boot is aligned to the center of a cross, namely the intersection point of the diagonal lines.

D. A lower boot: and untying a rope for pulling the diagonal line, using the rotation drive and the pressurizing force transmitted by the drill rod as power sources, starting cutting and drilling, wherein the inner diameter of the barrel shoe is 100-300mm larger than the diameter of the drill hole, so that the drill bucket is not interfered with the inner wall of the protective barrel during subsequent drilling. When the boot is put down, the driving sleeve 1 and the top of the boot 3 are circumferentially positioned, and the boot can be put down after the positioning key is inserted into the positioning hole; of course, the drive sleeve 1 may be connected to the boot 3 using the connecting pin 4 and the boot may be started again.

E. The first section of protective cylinder is as follows: when a proper position is drilled, for example, the top of the boot is higher than the ground by about 50cm, the height is convenient for a worker to disassemble and assemble the connecting pin 4, if the connecting pin 4 is installed in the step B or D, the connecting pin 4 between the driving sleeve 1 and the boot 3 is disassembled by using an inner hexagonal wrench, the bottom of the first section of standard protecting cylinder 2 with the height of about 2-4 m is connected with the top of the boot 3 by using the connecting pin 4, then the driving sleeve 1 and the top of the protecting cylinder 2 are positioned and aligned in the circumferential direction, the positioning key is inserted into the positioning hole, the driving sleeve 1 and the protecting cylinder 2 are positioned in the circumferential direction, and the first section of protecting cylinder can be started to be placed.

F. The following protective sleeves: when a first section of protection cylinder drills into a proper position, for example, the top of the first section of protection cylinder is 0.5m higher than the ground, the connection between the driving sleeve 1 and the first section of protection cylinder is disconnected, another section of standard protection cylinder is added on the first section of protection cylinder, the bottom of the second section of protection cylinder is connected with the top of the first section of protection cylinder through a connecting pin 4, and then a positioning key is inserted into a positioning hole at the top of the driving sleeve 1 and the second section of protection cylinder to enable the positioning key and the first section of protection cylinder to be circumferentially positioned, so that the second section of protection cylinder can be started.

G. And (4) finishing the lower protective sleeve: and F, circulating the step F until the required depth of the casing is reached, and finishing the lower casing. If the resistance of the geological structure 52 to the pile casing is large in the pile casing descending process, so that the speed of the lower pile casing is too low, the connection between the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1 can be disconnected, the drill bucket is arranged on the drill rod 66, the drill bucket is adopted to drill soil in the pile casing to reduce the resistance of the soil layer in the pile casing to the pile casing, and the pile casing can be switched to the lower pile casing of the driving sleeve 1 after the resistance is reduced until the pile casing descending is completed. In most cases, after the lower casing is directly finished in one step, the drilling bucket is switched to drill holes and soil is taken out. When the lower casing reaches the required depth, the pin shaft 7 for connecting the drill rod 66 and the driving sleeve 1 is disconnected, and a drilling bucket is arranged on the drill rod to start the drilling construction operation.

In the specific embodiment, the thicknesses of the main bodies of the casing 2 and the boot 3 are the same, and are both 25mm, and the materials of the main bodies are the same, but the materials of the drill teeth in the boot 3 are different. The wall thickness of the step-shaped connecting sections of the protecting cylinder 2 and the cylinder shoe 3 is about 11mm, and when the protecting cylinder 2 and the cylinder shoe 3 or the protecting cylinder 2 and the protecting cylinder 2 are connected up and down, a gap of about 3mm is formed between the step-shaped connecting sections of the protecting cylinder 2 and the cylinder shoe.

The power head containing the soil throwing disc can move up and down along the drill rod.

The utility model discloses in at first propose the mode that adopts a section of thick bamboo to protect under the drilling rod, the utility model discloses the gravity of well drilling rod is pressed on protecting a section of thick bamboo, and energy saving and emission reduction when being favorable to protecting a section of thick bamboo down.

Existing drill rods are typically square heads, for example 200 x 200mm, or 150 x 150mm in size.

The utility model discloses in, after navigation key and locating hole circumference are aimed at, the downward application of force can be so that drive sleeve 1 inserts in the section of thick bamboo 2 or the section of thick bamboo boots 3 of protecting of below, perhaps makes to protect in the section of thick bamboo boots 3 of a 2 insertion below. At this time, the casing 2 and the boot 3 can be driven into the ground without inserting the connecting pin 4 into the through hole, but before the casing 2 and the boot 3 need to be pulled out, the connecting pin 4 needs to be inserted into the through hole, so that the driving sleeve 1, the casing 2, and the boot 3 are integrally and tightly connected in the vertical direction.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the stepped connecting section provided at the top end of each casing 2 is an inner step, the stepped connecting section provided at the bottom end of each casing 2 is an outer step, the outer step at the bottom end of the upper casing is inserted into the inner step at the top end of the lower casing, and the two are radially matched with each other inside and outside, and a matching gap of several millimeters is left. Correspondingly, the stepped connecting section provided at the top end of the boot 3 in fig. 1 is also an inner step, so that the outer step of the bottom end of the casing above it is inserted into the boot 3. Of course, on the contrary, the stepped connecting section provided at the top end of each casing 2 is an outer step, the stepped connecting section provided at the bottom end of each casing 2 is an inner step, and the outer step at the top end of the lower casing is inserted into the inner step at the bottom end of the upper casing, which has the same effect. Similarly, the connection of the casing 2 to the boot 3 may be reversed from the inner and outer steps shown in fig. 1. Correspondingly, a positioning key protruding outwards in the radial direction is arranged at the outer wall of the outer step of the step connecting section, a through hole-shaped positioning hole is arranged at the side wall of the inner step of the step connecting section, and preferably, the positioning key and the positioning hole are U-shaped, so that the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 can be inserted downwards after being aligned in the circumferential direction to be matched and positioned. The U-shaped positioning hole can be replaced by a trapezoidal hole with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part.

The bottom of the boot 3 shown in figure 2 is provided with a bit which may be a pick or a tooth, where picks are typically used in relatively hard geology and teeth are typically used in softer geology such as mud, sand, etc.

As shown in fig. 5, two first square hole plates 1.1 and two second square hole plates 1.2 are welded together to form a square hole of 203 × 203mm for inserting a square head of a drill rod, which may be a triplet or a wye. The reinforcing ring 1.3 is welded and arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the square hole formed by the first square hole plate 1.1 and the second square hole plate 1.2. From last down nurse section of thick bamboo device, circular bottom plate 1.5 is the direction of creeping into at the clockwise, therefore strengthening rib 1.4 is the platelike structure who sets up at first square orifice plate (1.1) and second square orifice plate (1.2) right-hand member, when being favorable to creeping into, the structure of drive sleeve 1 is more firm.

After the positioning key is connected with the positioning hole, the connecting pin is connected with the through hole at the inner step and the through hole at the outer step, all components including the positioning key, the connecting pin and the like do not exceed the inner walls of the protective cylinder body 2.2 and the protective cylinder body 3.1 on the protective cylinder 2 and the protective cylinder 3 and extend to the space inside the inner walls, and all components do not exceed the outer walls of the protective cylinder body 2.2 and the protective cylinder body 3.1 on the protective cylinder 2 and the protective cylinder 3 and extend to the space outside the outer walls.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the casing 2 and the shoe 3, which are used for drilling with a drill bucket having a diameter of 1.5, are set to an outer diameter of 1.77 m and an inner diameter of 1.72 m, thus having a wall thickness of 25 mm.

The positioning keys and the positioning holes can only position the driving sleeve 1, the protective sleeve 2 and the boot 3 in the circumferential direction. And the utility model discloses in connecting pin 4 successively carries out accordant connection with through-hole on the interior step and the through-hole on the outer step, then not only can be connected driving sleeve 1, protect a section of thick bamboo 2 and section of thick bamboo boots 3 in upper and lower direction, can also be connected driving sleeve 1, protect a section of thick bamboo 2 and section of thick bamboo boots 3 in its circumference and radially, specifically can be driving sleeve 1 and protect the connection of a section of thick bamboo 2, driving sleeve 1 and section of thick bamboo boots 3 are connected, protect the connection of a section of thick bamboo 2 and section of thick bamboo boots 3, can also be two and protect the connection between the section of thick bamboo 2.

In the method of the present invention, when the casing is removed, the top of the casing or boot is exposed above the ground, and the connecting pin 4 is not required to be inserted, because the connecting pin 4 plays a role of connecting the driving sleeve 1, the casing 2 and the boot 3 up and down, the connecting pin 4 is only necessary to be connected when the casing 2 and the boot 3 are removed. Therefore, in order to facilitate the insertion of the connecting pin 4 by workers, when the casing shoe 3 and each casing 2 are lowered to the top of the casing shoe 3 to the ground to be 0.5 to 1m away from the ground, the connecting pin 4 is inserted instead of inserting the connecting pin 4 when the casing shoe 1 and the casing shoe 3 or the casing 2 are well positioned and matched and the casing 4 is started to be lowered, and at the moment, the connecting pin 4 needs to be inserted at the top of the casing 2 to 4m high, which is not necessary to be complicated. Of course, the casing 2 and the boot 3 under the soil surface are inserted with the connecting pin 4, otherwise, when the casing is to be pulled out, all the casings 2 and the boots 3 cannot be pulled out integrally. It will be readily appreciated that after each new casing 2 has been installed beneath the drive sleeve 1, the casing has a top height of, for example, 2.5 to 4.5 metres, and it is not necessary to insert the connecting pin 4 at this height but rather only to align the drive sleeve 1 and uppermost casing 2 circumferentially so that the locating holes and locating pins match, so that the drill rod applies a downward force to the casing and the shoe. The connection between the vertically aligned drive sleeve 1, the casing 2 and the shoe 3 by means of the upper connecting pin 4 is only required when the casing and the shoe are pulled out, when the drill rod is reversed.

When drilling is completed and casing pipes (casing pipes and casing shoes) need to be pulled out, the uppermost casing pipe is firstly ensured to be connected with the driving sleeve 1 up and down by the connecting pin 4, and then the drill rod is reversed, so that the casing pipes and the casing shoes can be pulled out smoothly.

In the construction process of the cast-in-place pile, a pile casing is generally arranged firstly, then a hole is drilled, then a reinforcement cage is arranged, and then concrete is poured and the pile casing is pulled out.

The utility model discloses in, drilling of drilling bucket and drilling rod connection are connected to the drilling rod protect a section of thick bamboo device to carry out down and protect a section of thick bamboo can be accomplished in turn, of course, protect a section of thick bamboo under the best condition and finish after drilling again.

In the utility model, the depth of the lower protective cylinder is generally 20 m or more, so that the cylinder protecting device generally comprises a driving sleeve 1, a boot 3 and a plurality of protective cylinders 2.

The above examples are only given for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Any other changes or modifications of the equivalent technical features without changing the basic idea and the essence of the present invention should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The pile casing driving sleeve for cast-in-place pile construction is characterized in that the driving sleeve (1) comprises two first square hole plates (1.1) arranged in parallel and two second square hole plates (1.2) arranged in parallel, the four square hole plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on a circular bottom plate (1.5), the four square hole plates are fixedly connected to form a square hole (1.9) used for inserting a square head of a drill rod together, reinforcing ribs (1.4) fixedly connected with the circular bottom plate (1.5) are arranged at the right ends of the first square hole plates (1.1) and the second square hole plates (1.2), a cylinder (1.8) is arranged below the surface of the circular bottom plate (1.5), and the central line of the square hole (1.9) is coincided with the central axis of the cylinder (1.8); the cylinder (1.8) is provided with a first through hole (1.6) for vertically connecting the driving sleeve (1) with the protective cylinder (2) or the boot (3) below the driving sleeve, the cylinder (1.8) is also provided with a first positioning structure for circumferentially positioning the driving sleeve (1) and the protective cylinder (2) or the boot (3) below the driving sleeve, and the first positioning structure comprises a first positioning key (1.7) and/or a first positioning hole.

2. The casing driving sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a square reinforcing ring (1.3) is further arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the four square hole plates.

3. A casing driving sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing ribs (1.4) are reinforcing ribs which are arranged vertically and comprise inclined top edges, are arranged at a large height close to the square hole plate and at a small height far from the central point of the circular bottom plate (1.5).

4. A casing driving sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning key (1.7) is a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end and protrudes radially outside the outer wall of the cylinder (1.8), and the first positioning hole is a structure with an open lower end and a closed upper end.

5. A casing driving sleeve according to claim 4, wherein the first positioning key (1.7) is of a U-shaped structure, and the first positioning hole is of an inverted U-shaped structure.

6. A casing driving sleeve according to claim 5, wherein a first U-shaped sleeve is welded in the first positioning hole, the first U-shaped sleeve is of a structure containing a U-shaped inner hole, and the first positioning hole or the first U-shaped sleeve is sized and used for matching with a U-shaped positioning key on the casing (2) or the boot (3).

7. A casing driving sleeve according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein a first circular truncated cone ring or a first threaded ring is arranged in the first through hole (1.6), the radial outer wall of the first circular truncated cone ring is matched with the first through hole, the inner part of the first circular truncated cone ring is in a circular truncated cone-shaped through hole structure, the radial outer side close to the cylinder (1.8) is a large-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial inner side close to the cylinder (1.8) is a small-diameter end of the circular truncated cone-shaped through hole, the radial outer wall of the first threaded ring is matched with the first through hole, and the inner part of the first threaded ring is in a threaded through hole structure.

8. A casing drive sleeve according to claim 7, wherein the first circular truncated cone ring or the first threaded ring is arranged in the through hole one (1.6) by welding.

9. A casing driving sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer diameter of the cylinder (1.8) is 1 to 2m, and the diameter of the circular base plate (1.5) is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder (1.8).

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