Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide, and is intended to solve that of the prior art for hardpan, to draw in the process of hole speed of application slow, on-the-spot clean and tidy not problem.
The utility model is to realize like this, draw hole equipment, comprise frame, for smashing hard rock and drawing the down-hole hammer in hole and be used to down-hole hammer that the dynamic structure of power is provided, described dynamic structure comprises the air compressor machine of cylinder described in cylinder and exportable high pressure air drives, described cylinder comprises cylinder body and piston rod, described piston rod output is connected to described down-hole hammer, and described air compressor machine is provided with the first output that is communicated to described cylinder inner cavity and the second output that is communicated to described down-hole hammer lower surface.
Further, described dynamic structure also comprises the rotation drive structure that can make described down-hole hammer rotation.
Further, described frame is provided with for regulating described cylinder along the lifting structure of described shelf position, described lifting structure comprises winding motor and wire rope, described wire rope one end is fixed on the output of described winding motor, the other end is walked around described frame upper end, is connected to described cylinder upper end.
Further, described down-hole hammer inside is provided with the passage that is communicated to its lower surface, and described the second output is communicated to described passage.
Further, in described down-hole hammer lower surface, offer a plurality of horizontal grooves for wind-guiding, described horizontal groove one end is communicated with described channel opening place, and the other end extends to described down-hole hammer lateral surface.
Further, in described down-hole hammer lateral surface and in described horizontal groove opening part, correspondence is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves for wind-guiding respectively.
Further, described channel opening place is positioned at center, described down-hole hammer lower surface, and described horizontal groove quantity is four, in described down-hole hammer lower surface, centered by described channel opening place, is radiation and evenly arranges, and described vertical groove correspondence is set to four.
Further, described frame is provided with lower end and is provided with the fluid pressure underpan that can make described frame walking, transhipment, support.
Compared with prior art, in the present embodiment, draw hole equipment, it draws hole and relies on cylinder band down-hole hammer to carry out detritus counterbore.In construction, the down-hole hammer that does not stop vibrations smashes hardpan, and sinks to realizing and draw hole.In drawing the process in hole, air compressor machine is endlessly to input pressure-air at the bottom of hole, and the chip of pressure-air at the bottom of by hole taken out of, replaced mud off of the prior art.In whole work progress, draw hole speed fast, place is clean and tidy, little to the consumption of drilling tool.
The specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
Below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing, the realization of the present embodiment is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, draw hole equipment 1, comprise frame 11, for smashing hard rock and drawing the down-hole hammer 13 in hole and be used to down-hole hammer 13 that the dynamic structure of power is provided, dynamic structure comprises the air compressor machine 14 of cylinder 12 and exportable pressure-air, cylinder 12 comprises cylinder body and piston rod, piston rod is connected to down-hole hammer 14, and air compressor machine 14 is provided with the first output that is communicated to cylinder 12 and the second output that is communicated to down-hole hammer 13 lower surfaces.
Air compressor machine 14 is a kind of equipment that can export pressure-air, and in the present embodiment, the pressure-air of air compressor machine 14 outputs has two flow directions, the firstth, be delivered in cylinder 12, for cylinder 12 provides power, thereby drive down-hole hammer 13 vibrations, thereby realize the effect that smashes hardpan and draw hole; The secondth, be delivered to the lower surface of down-hole hammer 13, at the bottom of hole, after pressure-air input, the drilling cuttings impurity at the bottom of can portable hole is gone out hole wall, reaches the effect at the bottom of clean-out opening, has replaced mud off of the prior art.
In down-hole hammer 13 drilling processes, piston rod in high pressure air drives cylinder 12 is done high-frequency reciprocating motion, and the kinetic energy that this motion is produced is delivered to down-hole hammer 13 lower ends endlessly, make it obtain certain ballistic work, under the effect of this ballistic work, continuous, high-frequency to hole at the bottom of hard rock implement and impact.Hard rock, under the effect of this ballistic work, is crashed to pieces, and forms the drilling cuttings breaking.
With rotary drilling, compare, this technique is to have replaced rock cutting with drill bit impact fractured rock; With dynamic load, impact and to have replaced static load grinding, with the volumetric fracture of hard rock, replaced grinding shearing-crushing.When down-hole hammer 13 creeps into, the compressed air that air compressor machine 14 produces also doubles as well-flushing medium, and the pressure-air that the drilling cuttings that a part of fragmentation is got off is had certain pressure and speed blows off at the bottom of hole, and delivery port, reduce hard rock and repeated broken chance, obtained high drilling efficiency.
Aforesaid dynamic structure also comprises the rotation drive structure that can make down-hole hammer 13 rotations, arrange after rotation drive structure, down-hole hammer 13 can axial rotation, meets the requirement that smashes of special geology, and that can also change that common drill bit adapts to non-hardpan simultaneously draws hole needs.Rotation drive structure is common structure in prior art, can directly adopt motor or adopt driven by motor drive mechanism that torsion is provided, and in the present embodiment, integrates with cylinder 12, does not mark separately.
As shown in Figure 1, frame 11 is provided with the lifting structure along frame 11 positions for adjusting cylinders 12, and lifting structure comprises winding motor 15 and wire rope 151, and wire rope 151 one end are fixed on the output of winding motor 15, the other end is walked around frame 11 upper ends, is connected to cylinder 12 upper ends.By the acting of winding motor 15, height that can adjusting cylinders 12, adapts to the construction operation needs of different hole depths.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, down-hole hammer 13 inside are provided with the passage 131 that is communicated to its lower surface, and the second output of aforesaid air compressor machine 14 is communicated to passage 131.Down-hole hammer 13 in the present embodiment is higher with cylinder 12 degree of integration, and air compressor machine 14 is communicated to cylinder interior by the first efferent duct 141, is communicated to the passage 131 of described down-hole hammer 13 inside by the second efferent duct 142, is delivered to down-hole hammer 13 lower surfaces.
In down-hole hammer 13 lower surfaces, offer a plurality of horizontal grooves 132 for wind-guiding, horizontal groove 132 one end are communicated with passage 131 opening parts, and the other end extends to the lateral surface of down-hole hammer 13.Pressure-air, from passage 131 output, can guarantee wind concentration, forms fixing air channel, is convenient to pressure-air and takes slag band and portal at the end.
For hydrous water flat grooves 132, in down-hole hammer 13 lateral surfaces and in horizontal groove 132 opening parts, also correspondence is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves 1321 for wind-guiding respectively.After at the bottom of pressure-air scour hole, along horizontal groove 132, flow to the lateral surface of down-hole hammer 13, then along at the bottom of vertical groove 1321 tap holes.Horizontal groove 132 and vertical groove 1321 coordinate the air channel that forms a spatial vertical, wind concentration, and scouring effect is good.
The set-up mode of horizontal groove 132 can have multiple, set-up mode in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, passage 131 opening parts are positioned at down-hole hammer 13 centers, lower surface, horizontal groove 132 quantity are four, in down-hole hammer 13 lower surfaces centered by passage 131 opening parts, be radiation and evenly arrange, vertical groove 1321 correspondences are set to four.Also can be according to actual other quantity or the distribution mode of being set in practical application.
As shown in Figure 1, frame 11 is provided with lower end and is provided with the fluid pressure underpan 111 that can make frame 11 walkings, transhipment, support.Domain 111 can arrange the structures such as crawler belt, wheel and realize from walking; And turning cylinder is set between frame, realizes the transhipment of frame 11; Extend support arm and make frame support more firm, these structures are structure common in prior art, and specific implementation is not repeating, and the fluid pressure underpan 111 in the present embodiment is selected all-hydraulic walking, gear transhipment; When stake machine moves, four of front and back supporting bracket jack-up, to facilitate base to adjust direction.
In the present embodiment, draw hole equipment 1, in its frame 11, be provided with cylinder 12, can realize lift adjustment by winding motor 15, cylinder 12 lower ends are provided with down-hole hammer 13, the pressure-air that utilizes air compressor machine 14 to provide is used as power, down-hole hammer 13 vibrations dives, bore the broken stone of rock effective, speed is fast, little to drilling tool wearing and tearing, pressure-air passes in the passage 131 of down-hole hammer 13 simultaneously, at the bottom of the lower end input hole of down-hole hammer 13, wash away and take away drilling cuttings, then along four air channels of horizontal groove 132 and vertical groove 1321 formation, drilling cuttings band is portalled at the end, drilling efficiency is high, construction plant is clean and tidy.Frame 11 itself is provided with fluid pressure underpan 111, can realize from effects such as walking, transhipment, supports, can adapt to different construction environments.
Draw hole equipment 1 and comprise following process characteristic in practice of construction:
(1) speed of application is fast
Pneumatic down hole hammer 13 efficiency of breaking rock are high, draw hole speed fast, the stake of a 15~20m, and general Finish time 40~60 minutes, can complete 12~15 left and right for one day.
(2) draw hole technique simple
Down-hole hammer 13 drilling tools are under air compressor machine 14 and cylinder 12 drives, and in drilling tool rotary course, down-hole hammer 13 drill vibrations sink to breaking rock simultaneously, while creeping into, all stratum of stake are produced to certain compacted effect, rock slag is taken to aperture by high blast simultaneously, and technique is simple, and drilling operation is convenient.
(3) draw hole effective
Adopt pneumatic down hole hammer 13 to creep into, capable of controlling drilling enters speed, and it is more regular that compacted effect makes to draw hole pass; Meanwhile, according to pile for prestressed pipe design stake, select corresponding down-hole hammer 13 drilling tools, draw bore dia and meet tube pile construction, for prestressing pipe pile construction creates conditions.
(4) draw hole equipment simple
Draw hole plant equipment and be mainly and draw hole machine, air compressor machine 14 and Major diameter downhole hammer 13, draw hole machine and adopt hydraulic pressure system voluntarily, do not need separately to join crane displacement.
(5) cost is low
Down-hole hammer 13 draws that hole technique is simple, to draw hole speed fast, and its cost is lower, is 40% left and right in boring or impact stake power traction hole.
The key points for operation that draw hole equipment 1 are as follows
1, levelling of the land
(1) before construction, construction plant is carried out smooth, to facilitate, draw hole equipment 1 and walk smoothly;
(2) local Weak points is changed and filled out, guarantee that place is closely knit, firm, deflection does not occur while guaranteeing to draw 1 construction of hole equipment.
2, draw hole equipment 1 measurement and positioning
(1) receive and measure control point, reference line and bench mark and written information thereof, and survey its certainty of measurement with the common school of supervising engineer.
(2) before measuring point setting-out, conscientiously perform interior industry preparation, the equipment that rectifies an instrument, drafts Surveying Scheme.
(3) after measure of pile position completes, submit to supervising engineer to check, errorless rear friendship is on-the-spot to be used.Measure of pile position error is strict controlled within the scope of code requirement and designing requirement.
3, stake machine installation, in place, debugging
(1) equipment hoisting is commanded by special messenger, accomplishes steadily, and light gently falls, and non-operating personnel withdraws job area.
(2) draw hole equipment 1 in place after, adopt hydraulic system leveling, with spirit level level of corrections degree, guarantee to remain and draw hole equipment 1 level.
(3 draw after hole equipment 1 installation in position, by down-hole hammer 13 drill bit align piles positions, keep pile top and stake position center superposition, then will draw 1 leveling of hole equipment, guarantee, in construction, deflection and displacement do not occur.
(4) draw after 1 installation of hole equipment, carry out onsite acceptance.
(5) draw before hole equipment 1 is used and overhaul, and carry out test running.
4, draw hole
(1) draw hole equipment 1 in place after, first by down-hole hammer 13 drill bit align piles positions and mix up verticality.
(2) transfer down-hole hammer 13, start air compressor machine 14, carry out down-hole hammer 13 and enter with pipe bit.On top, banket or during viscous soil horizon, the mixed folder of underground water clay is by compacted or discharge; When drawing hole to hard rock aspect, down-hole hammer 13 sends the loud and clear of hammering, and discharges rock slag.When hard formation buried depth is more shallow and strength of hard rock is large, the aperture landwaste dust of emerging.
(3) draw in the process of hole, control the 13 drift subsidence velocities of diving; Whether send special messenger to observe the subsidence velocity of drilling tool abnormal, whether drilling tool has the inclined to one side phenomenon of squeezing; If occur, abnormal conditions should analyze reason, take in time satisfactory after correcting.
(4) draw in the process of hole, send special messenger to hang two vertical lines from intersecting vertical direction simultaneously, check drilling tool verticality.
(5) in immersed tube process, send special messenger to carry out site operation record, comprising: draw strata condition at the bottom of hole pile No., stake footpath, long, the hole of stake, engineering time etc.
5, aperture cleaning landwaste
(1) draw in the process of hole, the compressed air that air compressor machine 14 produces doubles as well-flushing medium, and the landwaste of down-hole hammer 13 fragmentations is carried outside in hole and is deposited in aperture.
(2) scene sends special messenger uninterruptedly to carry out aperture rock slag cleaning, and the landwaste cleaning out is graininess, by layout, concentrates and stacks or outward transport.
6, draw hole and penetrate hard formation
(1) draw in the process of hole, note observing rate of penetration and aperture landwaste discharge situation, by the hole depth control of drawing of designing requirement, draw absolute altitude position, hole.
(2) draw hole and meet after the requirement of prestressed pipe sunk pile, stop drawing hole, extract drilling tool.
(3) while extracting drilling tool, air compressor machine 14 is normally worked, and side hammer hits, limit rotates, pull out on limit, and landwaste in hole is discharged smoothly, bit freezing while simultaneously preventing from pulling out on drilling tool.
7, prestressed pipe pile-forming machine perching and construction
Draw hole burst and carry out, when completing predetermined section, draw after the construction of hole, i.e. backfill can be carried out prestressing pipe pile construction.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.