CN111149638A - Two-year triple-cropping cultivation method for winter wheat and silage corn - Google Patents
Two-year triple-cropping cultivation method for winter wheat and silage corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN111149638A CN111149638A CN202010140309.6A CN202010140309A CN111149638A CN 111149638 A CN111149638 A CN 111149638A CN 202010140309 A CN202010140309 A CN 202010140309A CN 111149638 A CN111149638 A CN 111149638A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-year triple-cropping cultivation method of winter wheat and silage corn, which comprises the following steps: selecting silage corn seeds suitable for local growth and high in biological yield, and sowing the selected silage corn seeds in summer; applying a seedling fertilizer when the silage corns enter a 3-4 leaf stage after emerging, wherein the seedling fertilizer comprises farmyard manure and urea; applying a jointing fertilizer when the ensiled corn enters a 6-7 leaf stage, wherein the jointing fertilizer comprises urea; harvesting when the water content of the silage corn plant is 61-68%; after harvesting the silage corns, selecting winter wheat seeds, sowing winter wheat between 9-25-10-5 months, and harvesting the winter wheat after the winter wheat is mature; and planting the silage corns in summer. The invention realizes a two-year triple cropping mode, and greatly improves the cultivation efficiency of crops and the yield of the crops in unit area soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a two-year triple cropping cultivation method of winter wheat and silage corn.
Background
Winter wheat and silage corn are main crops in northern regions of China, wheat and corn are mainly planted in Weibei dryland regions of Shanxi province, but due to the limit of photo-thermal resources, the Weibei dryland regions of Shanxi province belong to a mature region with surplus and insufficient two materials at present, a mature planting mode in one year is generally adopted, the yield of soil real estate in unit area of crops is low, and the supply requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a two-year triple cropping cultivation method of winter wheat and silage corn, which realizes a two-year triple cropping mode and can improve the cultivation efficiency of crops and the soil yield per unit area of the crops.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a two-year triple-cropping cultivation method of winter wheat and silage corn comprises the following steps:
1) selecting silage corn seeds suitable for local growth and high in biological yield, and sowing the selected silage corn seeds in summer, wherein the sowing depth is kept uniform and consistent during sowing, and the soil is covered uniformly;
2) applying a seedling fertilizer when the silage corns enter a 3-4 leaf stage after emerging, wherein the seedling fertilizer comprises farmyard manure and urea;
3) applying a jointing fertilizer when the ensiled corn enters a 6-7 leaf stage, wherein the jointing fertilizer comprises urea;
4) harvesting when the water content of the silage corn plant is 61-68%;
5) after harvesting the silage corns, selecting winter wheat seeds, sowing winter wheat between 9-25-10-5 months, and harvesting the winter wheat after the winter wheat is mature;
6) repeating steps 1) -4).
In one embodiment: the sowing depth of the silage corn seeds in the step 1) is 4-5 cm, and the number of seedlings per mu is 4600-5000 seedlings during sowing.
In one embodiment: when the seedling fertilizer is applied in the step 2), the farmyard manure in the seedling fertilizer is applied according to 1000-1500 kg/mu, and the urea is applied according to 5-6 kg/mu in a nest.
In one embodiment: and when the node-pulling fertilizer is applied in the step 3), applying the urea in the node-pulling fertilizer according to 15-20 kg per mu of nest.
In one embodiment: before the silage corn seeds are sowed in the step 1), base fertilizer is applied, wherein the base fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.
In one embodiment: when the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is applied according to 5 t/mu, and the compound fertilizer is applied according to 25-30 kg/mu.
In one embodiment: and 5) applying a base fertilizer before sowing the winter wheat, wherein the base fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and a nitrogen fertilizer.
In one embodiment: when the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer is applied according to 2-3 t/mu, the urea is applied according to 25-30 kg/mu, the calcium superphosphate is applied according to 60-70 kg/mu, and the potassium sulfate is applied according to 8-10 kg/mu.
In one embodiment: the nitrogen fertilizer in the base fertilizer is applied at one time; or when the base fertilizer is applied, applying the nitrogen fertilizer according to 70% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer, and topdressing 30% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer in the jointing stage of winter wheat.
In one embodiment: in the step 5), a semi-precision drilling mode is adopted during winter wheat seeding, and the seeding quantity is 10-12.5 kg/mu.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for cultivating the winter wheat and the silage corns in the triple cropping mode in two years changes the planting mode of the single cropping in one year into the cultivation mode of the triple cropping in two years, greatly improves the cultivation efficiency of crops and the soil yield of the crops in unit area, can stagger the concentrated harvesting period of the silage corns, and prolongs the supply time of the silage corns.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a two-year triple cropping method of winter wheat and silage corn of the invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a two-year triple cropping method of winter wheat and silage corn, comprising the following steps:
1) select for use the silage maize seed that the biology of suitable local growth is high in output to sow the silage maize seed of selecting out in summer, the depth of planting during the seeding keeps even unanimous, the earthing is even, in order to reach the full seedling of one-time sowing, guarantee promptly that most of seeds can unify the budding growth after disposable cultivation, avoid as far as possible because of seed defect, the plant growth inconsistent that the pest and disease threaten leads to etc. need the adverse factor of later stage benefit seedling, in order to accomplish unified emergence, unified growth, unified harvesting.
Wherein, when the ensiled corn seeds are selected, seed varieties with medium precocity, disease resistance, lodging resistance, good greenness retention, high compactness and suitable local climate are selected;
2) applying a seedling fertilizer when the silage corns enter a 3-4 leaf stage after emerging, wherein the seedling fertilizer comprises farmyard manure and urea;
3) applying a jointing fertilizer when the ensiled corn enters a 6-7 leaf stage, wherein the jointing fertilizer comprises urea;
4) harvesting when the water content of the silage corn plant is 61-68%; namely, the grain is harvested when the grain milk line moves downwards to 1/2-3/4 stages, and the mode of agricultural and agricultural combination can be realized during harvesting, and mechanical harvesting and packaging are adopted.
5) After harvesting the silage corns, selecting winter wheat seeds, sowing the winter wheat seeds between 9-25-10-5 months, and harvesting the winter wheat seeds after the winter wheat is mature;
understandably, fine management and pest control are also required after sowing of winter wheat.
6) Repeating steps 1) -4).
In one embodiment: the sowing depth of the silage corn seeds in the step 1) is 4-5 cm, and the number of seedlings per mu is 4600-5000 seedlings during sowing.
In one embodiment: when the seedling fertilizer is applied in the step 2), the farmyard manure in the seedling fertilizer is applied according to 1000-1500 kg/mu, and the urea is applied according to 5-6 kg/mu in a nest, so that good soil conditions are created for the growth and development of the corn.
In one embodiment: and (3) when the node-pulling fertilizer is applied in the step 3), applying the urea in the node-pulling fertilizer according to 15-20 kg/mu nest to ensure that the urea is better absorbed by the soil, so that the urea conversion is facilitated.
In one embodiment: before sowing the silage corn seeds in the step 1), applying base fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.
In one embodiment: when the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is applied according to 5 t/mu, and the compound fertilizer is applied according to 25-30 kg/mu.
In one embodiment, the silage corn seeds in the step 1) are sowed by a hard stubble seeder, wherein the hard stubble seeder can directly perform the tillage operation on the land which is not subjected to stubble cleaning and tillage, and can effectively overcome the defects of soil moisture loss and unfavorable seed germination of the sowing operation.
In one embodiment: and 5) applying a base fertilizer before sowing the winter wheat, wherein the base fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and a nitrogen fertilizer.
In one embodiment: when the base fertilizer is applied, 2-3 t/mu of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer is applied, 25-30 kg/mu of urea is applied, 60-70 kg/mu of calcium superphosphate is applied, and 8-10 kg/mu of potassium sulfate is applied, so that good soil conditions are created for the growth and development of winter wheat.
Understandably, the fine land preparation is needed before sowing the winter wheat to reach the quality standard of deep, thin, flat and full, and the fine variety selection and seed treatment of the winter wheat are carried out.
In one embodiment: the nitrogen fertilizer in the base fertilizer adopts a one-time application mode; or when the base fertilizer is applied, nitrogen fertilizer is applied according to 70% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer, and 30% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the jointing stage of winter wheat, so that the yield of the wheat is improved, the excessive nitrogen fertilizer is not easy to be applied, the excessive nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the nitrogen nutrition is redundant, the leaves are large, the tillers are large, the subsequent stems are long and thin, the lodging is easy, the grains are few, the grain weight is light, and the high yield is difficult to obtain.
In one embodiment: in the step 5), a semi-precision drilling mode is adopted during winter wheat seeding, and the seeding quantity is 10-12.5 kg/mu.
In one embodiment: the sowing row spacing of winter wheat is 20-25 cm, and the sowing depth is 3-5 cm.
The cultivation method for the winter wheat and the silage corns by three cropping in two years changes a planting mode of one cropping in one year into a cultivation mode of three cropping in two years, greatly improves the cultivation efficiency of crops and the soil yield of the crops in unit area, can stagger the concentrated harvesting period of the silage corns, prolongs the supply time of silage corns, is particularly suitable for a cropping area with insufficient photo-thermal resources and with the surplus of one material and the shortage of two materials, realizes a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation mode of three cropping in two years, and improves the yield of the area.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A two-year triple cropping cultivation method of winter wheat and silage corn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting silage corn seeds suitable for local growth and high in biological yield, and sowing the selected silage corn seeds in summer, wherein the sowing depth is kept uniform and consistent during sowing, and the soil is covered uniformly;
2) applying a seedling fertilizer when the silage corns enter a 3-4 leaf stage after emerging, wherein the seedling fertilizer comprises farmyard manure and urea;
3) applying a jointing fertilizer when the ensiled corn enters a 6-7 leaf stage, wherein the jointing fertilizer comprises urea;
4) harvesting when the water content of the silage corn plant is 61-68%;
5) after harvesting the silage corns, selecting winter wheat seeds, sowing winter wheat between 9-25-10-5 months, and harvesting the winter wheat after the winter wheat is mature;
6) repeating steps 1) -4).
2. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the sowing depth of the silage corn seeds in the step 1) is 4-5 cm, and the number of seedlings per mu is 4600-5000 seedlings during sowing.
3. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the seedling fertilizer is applied in the step 2), the farmyard manure in the seedling fertilizer is applied according to 1000-1500 kg/mu, and the urea is applied according to 5-6 kg/mu in a nest.
4. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and when the node-pulling fertilizer is applied in the step 3), applying the urea in the node-pulling fertilizer according to 15-20 kg per mu of nest.
5. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: before the silage corn seeds are sowed in the step 1), base fertilizer is applied, wherein the base fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.
6. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: when the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is applied according to 5 t/mu, and the compound fertilizer is applied according to 25-30 kg/mu.
7. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and 5) applying a base fertilizer before sowing the winter wheat, wherein the base fertilizer comprises an organic fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and a nitrogen fertilizer.
8. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: when the base fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer is applied according to 2-3 t/mu, the urea is applied according to 25-30 kg/mu, the calcium superphosphate is applied according to 60-70 kg/mu, and the potassium sulfate is applied according to 8-10 kg/mu.
9. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the nitrogen fertilizer in the base fertilizer is applied at one time; or when the base fertilizer is applied, applying the nitrogen fertilizer according to 70% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer, and topdressing 30% of the mass of the nitrogen fertilizer in the jointing stage of winter wheat.
10. The method for the two-year triple cropping of winter wheat and silage corn as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), a semi-precision drilling mode is adopted during winter wheat seeding, and the seeding quantity is 10-12.5 kg/mu.
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| CN202010140309.6A CN111149638A (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Two-year triple-cropping cultivation method for winter wheat and silage corn |
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| CN202010140309.6A CN111149638A (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-03 | Two-year triple-cropping cultivation method for winter wheat and silage corn |
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| CN104145631A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-19 | 天津市玉米良种场 | Two-year-triple-cropping high-yield cultivating method of winter wheat and summer corn |
| CN104365307A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-02-25 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for cultivating stored green corn through no-tillage multiple-sowing after wheat growing under drip irrigation conditions |
| CN105453879A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-06 | 新疆农业大学 | Winter wheat interplanted summer soybean high-yield cultivation method |
| CN105493812A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 黑龙江省农垦胜利粮油食品有限责任公司 | Spring wheat, winter rape and buckwheat two-year-three-harvest cultivation method in middle temperature zones |
| CN110050646A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-26 | 新疆农垦科学院 | The implantation methods of no-tillage replay forage rape after a kind of Xinjiang region winter wheat |
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2020
- 2020-03-03 CN CN202010140309.6A patent/CN111149638A/en active Pending
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| CN104365307A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-02-25 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for cultivating stored green corn through no-tillage multiple-sowing after wheat growing under drip irrigation conditions |
| CN104145631A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-19 | 天津市玉米良种场 | Two-year-triple-cropping high-yield cultivating method of winter wheat and summer corn |
| CN105493812A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 黑龙江省农垦胜利粮油食品有限责任公司 | Spring wheat, winter rape and buckwheat two-year-three-harvest cultivation method in middle temperature zones |
| CN105453879A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-06 | 新疆农业大学 | Winter wheat interplanted summer soybean high-yield cultivation method |
| CN110050646A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-26 | 新疆农垦科学院 | The implantation methods of no-tillage replay forage rape after a kind of Xinjiang region winter wheat |
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| 段维东: "浅谈新疆一年多熟种植模式 ", 《安徽农业科学》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200515 |