CN111142076B - Power control method for improving radar low-interception performance - Google Patents
Power control method for improving radar low-interception performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111142076B CN111142076B CN202010010759.3A CN202010010759A CN111142076B CN 111142076 B CN111142076 B CN 111142076B CN 202010010759 A CN202010010759 A CN 202010010759A CN 111142076 B CN111142076 B CN 111142076B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4008—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4008—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters
- G01S7/4013—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters involving adjustment of the transmitted power
Abstract
The invention provides a power control method for improving the low-interception performance of a radar, which can effectively reduce the interception performance of passive detection equipment on radar signals without greatly changing the existing radar hardware. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the radar transmitting power is controlled by taking a radar scanning period as an interval, firstly, the radar transmitting power is increased in one scanning period, and a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is transmitted aiming at a searching area, so that an automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment works, the gain of a receiver link is reduced, and the sensitivity of the receiver of the passive detection equipment is reduced; then, the radar transmits detection signals according to the performance requirements of the detection task in the next scanning period, so that the power difference between the radar detection signals and the strong signals exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar system design, in particular to a radar power control method for reducing the interception probability of radar radiation signals by passive detection equipment.
Background
With the development of passive detection technology, the threat of electronic interference soft killing and anti-radiation missile hard killing faced by radar is increasing. Once intercepted, radar faces two threats: on the one hand, it is disturbed by passive or active disturbing devices, thereby losing or impairing the ability to function properly; on the other hand, it is attacked or destroyed by an anti-radiation missile (ARM), thereby reducing the viability to zero. The radiation signals of the traditional radar are more and more easily intercepted by the passive detection equipment, so that the position of the radar platform is exposed, the survival of the radar platform is seriously threatened, and therefore, the radar needs to take measures to improve the low interception performance of the radar. When the detection distance of the radar to the target exceeds the interception distance of the passive detection device to the radar signal, the radar system may be referred to as a low interception probability (LPI, low Probability of Intercept) radar. The LPI radar is a new system radar, which detects space with extremely low peak power to complete mission. Because the peak power of the radiation is very low, the probability of being intercepted by the passive detection equipment is greatly reduced, and the target can be detected and found before exposure (in a hidden state) to complete the mission. The realization of the low interception performance of the low interception probability radar needs to comprehensively utilize various technologies, and often needs to be organically combined by several methods so as to enable the low interception probability radar to have the optimal performance. One of the important measures for reducing the probability of radar interception is to control the radiation power of the radar, and the lowest possible radar radiation power is adopted on the premise of ensuring the detection distance of the radar. This measure, while making it difficult for a passive detection device to intercept radar signals, reduces the transmit power, which affects the range of the radar.
Currently, the power control methods adopted by the low-interception radar mainly comprise two main types: the first type of power control method is to control the radar radiation power based on the relative position of the radar and the passive detection equipment, the radar can obtain the relative position of the radar and the target according to prior information or through the detection of the radar, and the radar radiation power can be controlled to be matched with the target distance to be detected by utilizing the obtained relative position information and the parameters fed back by the radar antenna; in another type of power control method, radar radiation power is controlled based on target echo signal energy received by a radar, and the method does not depend on position information of a target, and the radar radiation power is controlled according to target echo signal intensity, so that the target echo signal-to-noise ratio can just meet the performance requirement of a radar task. The basic principle of the two power control methods is that the minimum power required by the radar to find the target is adjusted according to the detection result of the radar on the target, but in actual scenes, the target usually has angular flicker, the echo intensity of the target can fluctuate, and therefore the performance of the method for adjusting the radar transmitting power according to the detection result of the target is reduced.
The receiver of the present typical passive detection device generally adopts the channelized receiver system shown in fig. 5, the signal entering the receiver firstly utilizes a set of band-pass filters to divide the frequency band of the detection bandwidth, the signals in different frequency bands enter different channels respectively, each channel is subjected to frequency conversion processing by selecting a proper frequency conversion local oscillator, each channel has the same center frequency by utilizing the band-pass filters to carry out filtering processing, after intermediate frequency amplification and ADC digital sampling, the detection and parameter measurement of the signal are carried out, and finally pulse description word (Pulse Descriptor Words, PDW) information is formed for subsequent processing. The indexes affecting the detection performance of the passive detection equipment mainly comprise the sensitivity of the receiver and the dynamic range of the receiver, wherein the dynamic range of the receiver is the ratio of the maximum signal power to the minimum signal power (sensitivity) which can be correctly detected when the receiver does not generate errors, and the signal power range which can be adapted to the receiver can be measured. For the signal entering the receiver, if the signal power is too strong, saturation of a detection circuit is easily caused, so that the detection performance of the signal is reduced, and the parasitic signal generated by the nonlinear link in the receiver is easy to cause detection errors when the strong signal is input, so that the false alarm probability of the passive detection equipment is improved, and the weak and small signals which arrive at the same time are possibly covered, so that the false alarm probability of the passive detection equipment is increased; and when the power of the signal entering the receiver is too weak, the signal is lower than the sensitivity of the receiver, so that the signal is submerged in the background noise and cannot be detected. In order to expand the dynamic range of a passive detector receiver, an automatic gain control circuit is used in the receiver to automatically control the receiver gain according to the intensity of the signal power entering the receiver, so that the receiver sensitivity is improved as much as possible while ensuring the maximum signal unsaturation.
The basic function of the automatic gain control circuit in the passive detection equipment receiver is to automatically adjust the gain of an amplifier in a receiving link along with the strength of the signal power detected by the passive detection equipment receiver, so that the power of an output signal is basically unchanged when the power of an input signal changes. The automatic gain control circuit may be implemented in both analog and digital modes, but for passive detection devices, the digital automatic gain control circuit shown in fig. 4 is typically used to control the receiver link gain because the amplitude information of the detected signal needs to be retained for subsequent pulse sorting processing. The automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection device receiver generally does not adjust the gain every time a pulse is detected, but groups the pulses according to the amplitude information of the pulses, and then performs gain control on the whole of a group of pulses (usually the pulses in one scanning period of the radar), so the automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection device receiver can be influenced by adopting the radar power control method provided by the invention shown in fig. 1, and the aim of reducing the interception probability of radar signals by the passive detection device is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the current radar power control method, and provides a radar power control method capable of directly influencing an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit of a receiver of passive detection equipment, so that the power of a radar detection signal entering the receiver of the passive detection equipment is lower than the sensitivity of the receiver, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
Embodiments of the present invention are as follows. A power control method for improving radar low interception performance has the following technical characteristics: the method comprises the steps of controlling the transmitting power according to the working state of a receiver automatic gain control circuit of passive detection equipment, firstly increasing the radar transmitting power in one scanning period, transmitting a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target according to a searching area, enabling the automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment to work so as to reduce the gain of a receiver link and reduce the sensitivity of the receiver of the passive detection equipment; then, the radar transmits detection signals according to the performance requirements of the detection task in the next scanning period, so that the power difference between the radar detection signals and the strong signals exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The invention controls the transmitting power according to the working state of the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment, is irrelevant to the characteristics of the detected target, can better balance the detection performance and the low interception performance of the radar, and overcomes the defects that the power control method for reducing the interception probability of the radar in the prior art depends on the detection result of the radar on the target to adjust the power, and the efficiency is easily influenced by the scattering characteristics of the target. In addition, the implementation of the power control method can effectively reduce the interception performance of the passive detection equipment on radar signals without greatly changing the existing radar hardware.
The power control method of the invention can also be applied to communication, navigation, identification and other equipment needing to improve the low interception performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a power control method for improving radar low-interception performance according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radar transmit signal of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a test verification of the validity of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a digital automatic gain control circuit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a typical passive probing device receiver of the present invention.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. According to the invention, the control of the transmitting power is carried out according to the working state of the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment, the radar transmitting power is controlled by taking the radar scanning period as an interval, firstly, the radar transmitting power is increased in one scanning period, and the strong signal which is not used for detecting the target is transmitted according to the searching area, so that the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment works, the gain of a receiver link is reduced, and the sensitivity of the receiver of the passive detection equipment is reduced; then, the radar transmits detection signals according to the performance requirements of the detection task in the next scanning period, so that the power difference between the radar detection signals and the strong signals exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
When the radar is started and the region of interest is detected, a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is emitted in the ith = 2n-1 scanning period, the emission power is adjusted to be maximum, the radar generates an emission signal by referring to a waveform commonly used in civil aviation communication, so that passive detection equipment cannot regard the signal as threat when detecting the signal, an automatic gain control circuit of a receiver of the passive detection equipment can adjust the link gain, the signal intensity is lower than the saturated power of the receiver, the gain of the receiver can be reduced at the moment, and the level of a minimum signal which can be intercepted can be raised (the sensitivity is lowered). The following scan period i+1, i.e. during the i=2n scan period, the radar first generates power P according to the probe task performance requirement t Transmitting a detection signal to judge whether the radar detects a target, and if the radar fails to detect the target, still using power P in the next detection task scanning period t Transmitting a detection signal and scanning the period i+1; if the radar detects the target, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the target echo, comparing the signal-to-noise ratio with a radar detection threshold, calculating the difference alpha between the target signal-to-noise ratio and the detection threshold, and if the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds the detection threshold by alpha, then in the next detection task scanning period, the radar uses power P t -alpha + sigma transmitting a probing signal, wherein n is an integer greater than 0, sigma is a transmit power adjustment margin (sigma typically takes about 3 dB)
See fig. 2. The radar transmits two-phase coding signals in the ith = 2n-1 scanning period, the phase coding sequence adopts a coding sequence commonly used in traditional civil aviation communication, and the transmitting power is adjusted to be maximum; and transmitting radar pulse signals in the same frequency range in the ith=2n scanning periods, and adjusting the transmitting power in each detection task scanning period according to the target echo signal-to-noise ratio so that the transmitting power of the radar is minimum under the condition of meeting the performance requirement of the detection task. The same rule is used to adjust the transmit power and transmit waveform in the i=2n+1 scan period, the i=2n+2 scan period, and every two adjacent scan periods that follow, where n is an integer greater than 0.
See fig. 3. In order to verify the effectiveness of the invention, a test and verification environment shown in fig. 3 is built, a signal source is utilized to generate pulse signals with fixed power and synchronous signals, the synchronous signals generate attenuation control signals through an FPGA development board, the attenuation control signals can control the gain of a numerical control attenuator, so that the power of each pulse signal entering the passive detection equipment can be adjusted, the numerical control attenuator outputs the pulse signals with adjustable power to the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment uploads the obtained pulse description word information to an upper computer for subsequent analysis.
The signal parameters generated by the signal source and the passive probing device parameters are shown in table 1 below. .
Table 1 test parameters
When the signal source continuously emits a weak signal with the power of-55 dBm, the power of the weak signal is 20dB larger than the minimum detectable signal power of the receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment can stably detect the weak signal and accurately measure parameters such as carrier frequency, pulse width, arrival time and the like of the signal through analyzing pulse description word information uploaded to an upper computer by the passive detection equipment.
When the radar power control method is adopted, the signal source firstly transmits strong signals of 0dBm and then transmits weak signals of-55 dBm. According to the analysis of the pulse description word information uploaded to the upper computer by the passive detection equipment, the passive detection equipment does not report pulse information in the process of transmitting the weak signal, namely the weak signal cannot be intercepted. This is because when the signal power input to the passive probing device is 0dBm, the signal power exceeds the current receiver maximum input signal power, the AGC circuit will operate to attenuate the receiver link gain by 23dB, and correspondingly the receiver minimum detectable signal power will also rise from-75 dBm to-52 dBm, where the receiver minimum detectable signal power is greater than the power of the weak signal, and therefore the weak signal cannot be detected by the receiver.
See fig. 4. In the digital automatic gain control circuit, an input pulse stream passes through a digital control attenuator and then enters an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to be digitized, and the digital pulse stream output by the ADC is subjected to power control through an AGC circuit. The AGC circuit of a receiver of a passive detection device typically does not adjust the gain every time a pulse is detected, but first groups the pulses according to their amplitude information, then performs gain control on the whole of a group of pulses (typically pulses within one scanning period of the radar), calculates the average energy of a group of pulses, and then compares the average energy with the expected energy Pref to be reached, and obtains a corresponding control signal from a memory table according to the comparison result to adjust the gain of the digital attenuator.
See fig. 5. The current typical passive detection equipment receiver generally adopts a channelized receiver system, firstly, signals entering the receiver are divided into frequency bands by utilizing a group of band-pass filters, signals in different frequency bands enter different channels respectively, each channel is subjected to frequency conversion processing by selecting a proper frequency conversion local oscillator, each channel has the same center frequency by utilizing the band-pass filters to carry out filtering processing, after intermediate frequency amplification and ADC (analog to digital converter) digital sampling, signal detection and parameter measurement are carried out, and finally pulse description word (Pulse Descriptor Words, PDW) information is formed for subsequent processing.
It should be noted that the above test verification examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power control method for improving radar low interception performance has the following technical characteristics: the method comprises the steps of controlling the transmitting power according to the working state of a receiver automatic gain control circuit of passive detection equipment, firstly increasing the radar transmitting power in one scanning period, transmitting a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target according to a searching area, enabling the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment to work so as to reduce the gain of a receiver link and reduce the sensitivity of the receiver of the passive detection equipment; then, the radar transmits detection signals according to the performance requirements of the detection task in the next scanning period, so that the power difference between the radar detection signals and the strong signals exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
2. The power control method for improving radar low-interception performance of claim 1, wherein: after the radar is started, when the region of interest is detected, a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is emitted in the ith = 2n-1 scanning period, the emission power is adjusted to be maximum, and the radar generates an emission signal by referring to a waveform commonly used in civil aviation communication, so that passive detection equipment can not regard the emission signal as threat when detecting the emission signal.
3. The power control method for improving radar low-interception performance according to claim 2, wherein: the scanning period i+1, i.e. in the ith=2n scanning periods, the radar is first powered by power P according to the performance requirements of the detection task t Transmitting detection signals, judging whether the radar detects a target, if not, detecting the targetThe target still uses the power P in the next detection task scanning period t Transmitting a detection signal and scanning the period i+1; if the radar detects the target, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of the target echo, comparing the signal-to-noise ratio with a radar detection threshold, calculating the difference alpha between the target signal-to-noise ratio and the detection threshold, and if the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds the detection threshold by alpha, then in the next detection task scanning period, the radar uses power P t - α+σ transmitting a probing signal, wherein n is an integer greater than 0 and σ is a transmit power adjustment margin.
4. The power control method for improving radar low-interception performance of claim 1, wherein: the radar transmits different waveforms in two adjacent scanning periods, the radar transmits two-phase coded signals in the ith=2n-1 scanning period, the phase coded sequence adopts a coded sequence commonly used in traditional civil aviation communication, and the transmitting power is adjusted to be maximum.
5. The power control method for improving radar low-interception performance of claim 1, wherein: the radar transmits radar pulse signals with the same frequency band in the ith=2n scanning periods, and the transmitting power in each detection task scanning period is adjusted according to the target echo signal-to-noise ratio, so that the transmitting power of the radar is minimum under the condition that the radar meets the performance requirement of the detection task.
6. The power control method for improving radar low-interception performance of claim 1, wherein: the radar adopts the same rule to adjust the transmitting power and the transmitting waveform in the ith = 2n+1 scanning period, the ith = 2n+2 scanning period and every two adjacent scanning periods, wherein n is an integer greater than 0.
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