CN111142076A - Power control method for improving low interception performance of radar - Google Patents
Power control method for improving low interception performance of radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN111142076A CN111142076A CN202010010759.3A CN202010010759A CN111142076A CN 111142076 A CN111142076 A CN 111142076A CN 202010010759 A CN202010010759 A CN 202010010759A CN 111142076 A CN111142076 A CN 111142076A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/021—Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4008—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
- G01S7/4008—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters
- G01S7/4013—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of transmitters involving adjustment of the transmitted power
Abstract
The invention provides a power control method for improving the low interception performance of a radar, and by utilizing the method, the interception performance of passive detection equipment to radar signals can be effectively reduced without greatly changing the hardware of the traditional radar. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: controlling the radar transmitting power at intervals of a radar scanning period, firstly increasing the radar transmitting power in one scanning period, and aiming at a strong signal which is transmitted in a search area and is not used for detecting a target, enabling an automatic gain control circuit of passive detection equipment to work so as to reduce the gain of a receiver link and reduce the receiver sensitivity of the passive detection equipment; and then, in the next scanning period, the radar transmits a detection signal according to the performance requirement of the detection task, so that the power difference between the radar detection signal and the strong signal exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar system design, in particular to a radar power control method for reducing the probability of interception of radar radiation signals by passive detection equipment.
Background
With the development of passive detection technology, the threat of electronic interference soft killing and anti-radiation missile hard killing faced by radar is more and more serious. Once the radar signal is intercepted, the radar faces two threats: on the one hand, the interference by passive or active interference devices, thereby losing or impairing the ability to function properly; on the other hand, it is attacked or destroyed by an anti-radiation missile (ARM), thereby reducing the viability to zero. The radiation signals of the traditional radar are easier to intercept and capture by passive detection equipment, so that the position of a radar platform is exposed, the survival of the radar platform is seriously threatened, and therefore the radar needs to take measures to improve the low interception performance of the radar. When the detection range of the radar to the target exceeds the interception range of the passive detection device to the radar signal, the radar system can be called Low interception Probability (LPI) radar. The LPI radar is a new system radar which detects space with extremely low peak power and completes mission. Because the peak power of the radiation is very low, the probability of interception by passive detection equipment is greatly reduced, and the target can be detected and found before exposure (in a hidden state) to finish the mission. The low interception performance of the low interception probability radar needs to comprehensively utilize various technologies, and often, several methods are organically combined to ensure that the low interception radar has the optimal performance. One of the important measures for reducing the probability of interception of the radar is to control the radiation power of the radar, and adopt the radar radiation power as low as possible on the premise of ensuring the detection distance of the radar. Although this measure may make it difficult for passive detection devices to intercept radar signals, the reduced transmit power will affect the radar range.
Currently, there are two main categories of power control methods employed by low-interception radars: the first power control method is to control the radiation power of the radar based on the relative position of the radar and the passive detection equipment, the radar can obtain the relative position of the radar and a target according to prior information or through the detection of the radar, and the radiation power of the radar can be controlled to be matched with the distance of the target to be detected by utilizing the obtained relative position information and the parameters fed back by the radar antenna; the other power control method is to control the radiation power of the radar based on the energy of a target echo signal received by the radar, and the method does not depend on the position information of the target and controls the radiation power of the radar according to the strength of the target echo signal, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the target echo can just meet the performance requirement of a radar task. The basic principle of the two power control methods is to adjust the minimum power required by the radar to find the target according to the detection result of the current radar to the target, but in an actual scene, the target usually has angular flicker, and the target echo intensity fluctuates, so that the performance of the method for adjusting the radar transmitting power according to the target detection result is reduced.
The receiver of the current typical passive detection device generally adopts a channelized receiver system shown in fig. 5, firstly, a group of band pass filters is used for dividing the frequency band of a detection bandwidth for signals entering the receiver, signals in different frequency bands respectively enter different channels, each channel is subjected to frequency conversion processing by selecting a proper frequency conversion local oscillator, the band pass filters are used for filtering so that each channel has the same central frequency, after intermediate frequency amplification and ADC digital sampling, signal detection and parameter measurement are performed, and finally, Pulse Description Word (PDW) information is formed for subsequent processing. The indexes influencing the detection performance of the passive detection equipment mainly comprise receiver sensitivity and a receiver dynamic range, wherein the receiver dynamic range is the ratio of the maximum signal power and the minimum signal power (sensitivity) which can be correctly detected when the receiver does not generate errors, and the signal power range which can be adapted by the receiver can be measured. For signals entering a receiver, if the signal power is too strong, the saturation of a detection circuit is easily caused, so that the detection performance of the signals is reduced, and parasitic signals generated by a nonlinear link in the receiver are easy to cause detection errors when strong signals are input, so that the false alarm probability of passive detection equipment is improved, and weak signals arriving at the same time can be covered, so that the false alarm probability of the passive detection equipment is increased; and when the power of the signal entering the receiver is too weak, the signal is lower than the sensitivity of the receiver, so that the signal is submerged in background noise and cannot be detected. In order to expand the dynamic range of the passive detection device receiver, an automatic gain control circuit is adopted in the receiver, and the gain of the receiver is automatically controlled according to the strength of the signal power entering the receiver, so that the receiver sensitivity is improved as much as possible while the maximum signal is not saturated.
The automatic gain control circuit in the passive detection device receiver has the basic function of automatically adjusting the gain of an amplifier in a receiving link along with the strength of the power of a signal detected and received by the passive detection device receiver, so that the power of an output signal is basically unchanged when the power of an input signal is changed. The agc circuit can be implemented in both analog and digital ways, but for passive detection devices, the digital agc circuit shown in fig. 4 is generally used to control the receiver link gain because the amplitude information of the detected signal needs to be retained for the subsequent pulse sorting process. The automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection device receiver does not generally adjust the gain every time a pulse is intercepted, but firstly groups the pulses according to the amplitude information of the pulses and then integrally controls the gain of a group of pulses (generally pulses in a scanning period of the radar), so that the work of the automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection device receiver can be influenced by adopting the radar power control method disclosed by the invention and shown in figure 1, and the aim of reducing the probability of the radar signal intercepted by the passive detection device is fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radar power control method capable of directly influencing an Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit of a passive detection device receiver aiming at the defects of the current radar power control method, so that the power of a radar detection signal entering the passive detection device receiver is below the sensitivity of the receiver, and the passive detection device is difficult to intercept the radar radiation signal.
The embodiments of the present invention are as follows. A power control method for improving low interception performance of a radar has the following technical characteristics: the method comprises the steps that the transmitting power is controlled according to the working state of a receiver automatic gain control circuit of passive detection equipment, the transmitting power of a radar is increased in a scanning period, and a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is transmitted according to a search area, so that the automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment works, the receiver link gain is reduced, and the receiver sensitivity of the passive detection equipment is reduced; and then, in the next scanning period, the radar transmits a detection signal according to the performance requirement of the detection task, so that the power difference between the radar detection signal and the strong signal exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The invention controls the transmitting power aiming at the working state of the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment, is irrelevant to the characteristics of a detected target, can better balance the detection performance and the low interception performance of the radar, and overcomes the defect that the power control method for reducing the interception probability of the radar in the prior art depends on the detection result of the radar on the target to adjust the power, and the efficiency is easily influenced by the scattering characteristics of the target. In addition, the interception performance of the passive detection equipment on radar signals can be effectively reduced without greatly changing the existing radar hardware.
The power control method of the invention can also be applied to the equipment which needs to improve the low interception performance, such as communication, navigation, identification, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a power control method for improving low interception performance of a radar according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radar transmission signal of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the test validation of the validity of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a digital automatic gain control circuit.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a receiver of a typical passive probing device.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. According to the invention, the transmitting power is controlled aiming at the working state of the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment, the radar transmitting power is controlled by taking a radar scanning period as an interval, the radar transmitting power is firstly increased in one scanning period, and a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is transmitted aiming at a search area, so that the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment works, the receiver link gain is reduced, and the receiver sensitivity of the passive detection equipment is reduced; and then, in the next scanning period, the radar transmits a detection signal according to the performance requirement of the detection task, so that the power difference between the radar detection signal and the strong signal exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
When the radar is started and an interested area is detected, a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is transmitted in the ith-2 n-1 scanning period, the transmitting power is adjusted to be maximum, the radar generates a transmitting signal by referring to a waveform commonly used in civil aviation communication, so that passive detection equipment cannot regard the signal as a threat when detecting and receiving the signal, an automatic gain control circuit of a receiver of the passive detection equipment adjusts the link gain, the signal intensity is below the saturation power of the receiver, the gain of the receiver is reduced at the moment, and the level of the intercepted minimum signal is increased (the sensitivity is reduced). The following scanning period i +1, i.e. in the i-th 2n scanning periods, the radar first uses power P according to the performance requirement of the probe tasktEmitting a detection signal, judging whether the radar detects a target or not, and if the radar fails to detect the target, keeping the power P in the next detection task scanning periodtEmitting a detection signal and scanning a period i +1, if the radar detects a target, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of a target echo, comparing the signal-to-noise ratio with a radar detection threshold, calculating the difference value α between the signal-to-noise ratio of the target and the detection threshold, and if the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds the detection threshold α, in the next detection task scanning period, the radar uses power P to scan the targett- α + σ transmitting probe signals, where n is an integer greater than 0 and σ is the transmit power adjustment margin (σ is typically around 3 dB)
See fig. 2. The radar transmits two-phase coded signals in the ith-2 n-1 scanning period, the phase coding sequence adopts a coding sequence commonly used in the traditional civil aviation communication, and the transmitting power is adjusted to be maximum; and transmitting radar pulse signals in the same frequency band in the ith-2 n scanning period, and adjusting the transmitting power in each scanning period of the detection task according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the target echo, so that the transmitting power of the radar is the minimum under the condition of meeting the performance requirement of the detection task. And adjusting the emission power and the emission waveform by adopting the same rule in the ith 2n +1 scanning period, the ith 2n +2 scanning period and every two subsequent adjacent scanning periods, wherein n is an integer larger than 0.
See fig. 3. In order to verify the effectiveness of the invention, a test verification environment as shown in fig. 3 is set up, a signal source is utilized to generate a pulse signal and a synchronous signal with fixed power, the synchronous signal generates an attenuation control signal through an FPGA development board, the attenuation control signal can control the gain of a numerical control attenuator, so that the power of each pulse signal entering passive detection equipment can be adjusted, the numerical control attenuator outputs the pulse signal with adjustable power to the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment uploads the obtained pulse description word information to an upper computer for subsequent analysis.
The signal parameters generated by the signal source and the parameters of the passive probing device are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test parameters
When a signal source continuously transmits a weak signal with power of-55 dBm, the power of the weak signal is 20dB greater than the minimum detectable signal power of a passive detection device receiver, and the passive detection device can stably detect the weak signal and accurately measure parameters such as carrier frequency, pulse width, arrival time and the like of the signal through analyzing pulse description word information transmitted to an upper computer by the passive detection device.
When the radar power control method introduced by the invention is adopted, a signal source firstly emits a strong signal of 0dBm and then emits a weak signal of-55 dBm. The pulse description word information uploaded to the upper computer by the passive detection equipment is analyzed, so that the passive detection equipment does not report pulse information in the process of transmitting the weak signal, namely the weak signal cannot be intercepted. This is because when the signal power input to the passive detection device is 0dBm, which exceeds the maximum input signal power of the current receiver, the AGC circuit will operate to attenuate the gain of the receiver link by 23dB, and accordingly the minimum detectable signal power of the receiver will also rise from-75 dBm to-52 dBm, and the minimum detectable signal power of the receiver will be greater than the power of the weak signal, so that the receiver cannot detect the weak signal.
See fig. 4. In the digital automatic gain control circuit, an input pulse stream enters an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for digital processing after passing through a numerical control attenuator, and the digital pulse stream output by the ADC realizes the control of power through an AGC circuit. The AGC circuit of the passive detection device receiver does not usually adjust the gain every time a pulse is detected, but first groups pulses according to their amplitude information, then performs gain control on the whole of a group of pulses (usually pulses within one scanning period of the radar), calculates the average energy of a group of pulses, and then compares the average energy with the expected energy P to be reachedrefAnd comparing, and obtaining a corresponding control signal from the storage table according to the comparison result to adjust the gain of the digital controlled attenuator.
See fig. 5. The current typical passive detection device receiver generally adopts a channelized receiver system, firstly, a group of band-pass filters are used for dividing the frequency range of a detection bandwidth for signals entering the receiver, the signals in different frequency ranges respectively enter different channels, each channel is subjected to frequency conversion processing by selecting a proper frequency conversion local oscillator, the band-pass filters are used for filtering so that each channel has the same central frequency, after intermediate frequency amplification and ADC (analog to digital converter) digital sampling, signal detection and parameter measurement are carried out, and finally Pulse Description Word (PDW) information is formed for subsequent processing.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned test and verification examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power control method for improving low interception performance of a radar has the following technical characteristics: the method comprises the steps that the transmitting power is controlled according to the working state of a receiver automatic gain control circuit of passive detection equipment, the transmitting power of a radar is increased in a scanning period, and a strong signal which is not used for detecting a target is transmitted according to a search area, so that the receiver automatic gain control circuit of the passive detection equipment works, the receiver link gain is reduced, and the receiver sensitivity of the passive detection equipment is reduced; and then, in the next scanning period, the radar transmits a detection signal according to the performance requirement of the detection task, so that the power difference between the radar detection signal and the strong signal exceeds the instantaneous dynamic range of a receiver of the passive detection equipment, and the passive detection equipment is difficult to intercept radar radiation signals.
2. The power control method for improving radar low interception performance of claim 1 wherein: after the radar is started, when an interested area is detected, strong signals which are not used for detecting targets are transmitted in the ith-2 n-1 scanning period, the transmitting power is adjusted to be maximum, the radar generates transmitting signals by referring to waveforms commonly used in civil aviation communication, and passive detection equipment cannot regard the transmitting signals as threats when detecting the transmitting signals.
3. A power control method for improving low interception performance of a radar according to claim 2, characterized by: scanning period i +1, i.e. in the i-th 2n scanning period, the radar firstly uses power P according to the performance requirement of the detection tasktEmitting a detection signal, judging whether the radar detects a target or not, and if the radar fails to detect the target, keeping the power P in the next detection task scanning periodtTransmits a detection signal, andand a scanning period i + 1; if the radar detects a target, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of a target echo, comparing the signal-to-noise ratio with a radar detection threshold, calculating the difference value of the target signal-to-noise ratio and the detection threshold, and if the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds the detection threshold, transmitting a detection signal by the radar with power in the next detection task scanning period, wherein n is an integer larger than 0 and is a transmission power adjustment margin.
4. The power control method for improving radar low interception performance of claim 1 wherein: the radar emits different waveforms in two adjacent scanning periods, the radar emits two-phase coded signals in the ith-2 n-1 scanning period, the phase coded sequences adopt coding sequences commonly used in the traditional civil aviation communication, and the emission power is adjusted to the maximum.
5. The power control method for improving radar low interception performance of claim 1 wherein: the radar transmits radar pulse signals in the same frequency band in the ith-2 n scanning period, and the transmitting power in the scanning period of each detection task is adjusted according to the signal-to-noise ratio of a target echo, so that the transmitting power of the radar is the minimum under the condition of meeting the performance requirement of the detection task.
6. The power control method for improving radar low interception performance of claim 1 wherein: the radar adopts the same rule to adjust the transmitting power and the transmitting waveform in the ith 2n +1 scanning period, the ith 2n +2 scanning period and every two subsequent adjacent scanning periods, wherein n is an integer larger than 0.
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