CN111109456A - Concentrated feed for improving milk production quality of donkey milk, preparation method, application and feed - Google Patents
Concentrated feed for improving milk production quality of donkey milk, preparation method, application and feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN111109456A CN111109456A CN202010080070.8A CN202010080070A CN111109456A CN 111109456 A CN111109456 A CN 111109456A CN 202010080070 A CN202010080070 A CN 202010080070A CN 111109456 A CN111109456 A CN 111109456A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/20—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for horses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of donkey milk, and particularly discloses a concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, a preparation method, application and a feed. The preparation method of the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk provided by the invention is simple and reasonable, and the animal oil and fat are heated and fused and then mixed with the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, so that the animal oil and fat can be favorably soaked into the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves which carry the animal oil and fat can be favorably adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can be favorably absorbed by nutrient substances in the concentrate, and the milk quality of the donkey.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of donkey milk, and particularly relates to a concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, a preparation method, application and a feed.
Background
The donkey breeding industry has good development prospect. The donkey is an economic animal with strong stress resistance, strong disease resistance, coarse feeding resistance, low feeding cost and good meat quality. Donkey meat has rich nutritive value, the protein content is higher than that of meat products such as mutton, pork, beef and the like, and the contents of fat and cholesterol are the lowest in the meat products. The donkey meat has rich amino acids, and the content of 8 essential amino acids is the highest. Donkey hide can be used as raw material of donkey-hide gelatin, donkey milk is similar to human milk, and the taste is fresh and sweet.
The milk yield of the donkey in the lactation period in one day is as follows: 1-1.5 kg, 2.4-7 kg at most, and 1 ton at most in one milk production period, thus having great economic value. The donkey milk is natural and rich in selenium, the selenium content is 5 times of that of common cow milk, and the selenium has the functions of stimulating the generation of human immune protein antibodies, eliminating substances which are not beneficial to human bodies, improving the human immunity and has the anticancer effect; donkey milk is rich in essential fatty acids such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid; the donkey milk belongs to whey protein dairy products and has high biological value. Therefore, the development of breeding of milk donkeys has great potential.
A large amount of feed eaten by donkey every day is decomposed by microorganisms mainly in large intestine to become absorbable nutrient substances. However, the donkey ceca is far less effective in microorganisms than the bovine tumor stomach and other animals, and the nutrient absorption rate synthesized by microorganisms is lower than that of cattle. The digestion and absorption mode of donkey determines that the content of partial substances such as fat, vitamin C and the like in the produced donkey milk is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, a preparation method, an application and a feed, which can improve the contents of substances such as fat, vitamin C and the like in the donkey milk, improve the donkey milk quality and solve the technical problem of low contents of fat, vitamin C and the like in the donkey milk in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15-25% of soybean meal, 5-15% of soybeans, 25-35% of alfalfa, 15-25% of wheat straws, 10-20% of animal fat and 3-7% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
18-22% of soybean meal, 8-12% of soybeans, 27-33% of alfalfa, 18-23% of wheat straws, 15-20% of animal fat and 3-5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20% of soybean meal, 10% of soybeans, 30% of alfalfa, 20% of wheat straws, 15% of animal fat and 5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
The invention also provides the application of the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk in improving the milk quality of donkey milk.
The invention also relates to a feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, and the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk is added into the feed.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk in the feed is 50 percent of the mass of the feed.
The invention provides a concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, a preparation method, application and a feed, and the concentrate has the following advantages:
1) the concentrated feed prepared from the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws, the animal fat and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves is favorable for being adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can absorb the components in the concentrated feed, the absorption time of the feed on the intestinal wall is prolonged, the donkey can absorb the nutritional components, the content of substances such as fat, vitamin C and the like in the produced milk is improved, and the milk quality of the donkey is further improved.
2) The preparation method of the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk provided by the invention is simple and reasonable, and the animal oil and fat are heated and fused and then mixed with the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, so that the animal oil and fat can be favorably soaked into the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves which carry the animal oil and fat can be favorably adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can be favorably absorbed by nutrient substances in the concentrate, and the milk quality of the donkey.
3) By adding the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk into the feed, the feed is favorably adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can absorb the nutrient components in the feed, and the time for the donkey to absorb the nutrient components in the feed is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15-25% of soybean meal, 5-15% of soybeans, 25-35% of alfalfa, 15-25% of wheat straws, 10-20% of animal fat and 3-7% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The concentrated feed prepared by adopting the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws, the animal fat and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves as raw materials is favorable for being adhered to the intestinal wall, is favorable for absorbing components in the concentrated feed by the donkey, prolongs the absorption time of the feed on the intestinal wall, is favorable for the donkey to absorb nutrient components, improves the content of substances such as fat, vitamin C and the like in the milk, and further improves the milk quality of the donkey.
The soybean meal can improve the palatability of the feed and is easy to absorb. Wherein, the weight percentage of the soybean meal in the concentrate is 15-25%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the soybean meal in the concentrate is 18-22%; in a preferred embodiment, the weight percentage of the soybean meal in the concentrate is 20%.
The soybean can also increase the palatability of the feed. Wherein, the weight percentage of the soybeans in the concentrated feed is 15-25%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the soybeans in the concentrated feed is 8-12%; in a preferred embodiment, the soy beans are present in the concentrate in an amount of 20% by weight.
The alfalfa is rich in various nutrient elements and nutrient factors, is beneficial to donkey digestion and donkey growth. Wherein, the weight percentage of the alfalfa in the concentrate is 25-35%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the alfalfa in the concentrate is 27-33%; in a preferred embodiment, the alfalfa grass is 30% by weight in the concentrate.
Wherein, the weight percentage of the wheat straw in the concentrate is 15-25%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the wheat straws in the concentrate is 18-23%; in a preferred embodiment, the weight percentage of the wheat straw in the concentrate is 20%.
The animal fat can be slowly melted in donkey body and adhered on intestinal wall, so as to increase absorption time, increase absorbed nutritional ingredients, and increase the content of other ingredients such as fat of milk. Wherein, the weight percentage of the animal fat in the concentrate is 10-20%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the animal fat in the concentrate is 15-20%; in a preferred embodiment, the weight percentage of the animal fat in the concentrate is 15%.
The broussonetia papyrifera leaves have the effects of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, sterilizing, expelling toxin, improving the immunity level of animals, inhibiting and killing germs, diminishing inflammation and the like, and can prevent the animals from getting inflamed. Wherein, the weight percentage of the broussonetia papyrifera leaves in the concentrate is 3-7%; in the embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of the broussonetia papyrifera leaves in the concentrate is 3-5%; in a preferred embodiment, the weight percentage of broussonetia papyrifera leaves in the concentrate is 5%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Wherein, the bean pulp, the soybean, the alfalfa, the wheat straw, the animal fat and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves are the same as the above, and are not repeated herein.
The donkey milk is prepared by heating and fusing the animal oil and fat, and mixing the animal oil and fat with the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, so that the animal oil and fat can be favorably soaked into the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, the soybean meal, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straw and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves which are favorable for carrying the animal oil and fat can be adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can be favorably absorbed by nutrient substances in the concentrated feed, and.
The invention also provides the application of the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk in improving the milk quality of donkey milk.
It should be noted that the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk is only suitable for donkey, can only improve the milk quality of donkey, and does not help the milk quality of other ruminant animals.
In addition, contain animal fat in the concentrate of this application, animal fat is absorbed respectively by different materials in the concentrate, because the donkey is the monogastric cecal animal, through donkey self temperature after the donkey eats for animal fat that different materials contained gradually slowly melts at the internal substep of donkey in the concentrate, thereby improves the donkey and to the absorption of concentrate. And other ruminants such as cattle and sheep are stomach-recovering ruminants and rely on the rumen with strong functions to digest food, so the concentrate can be quickly melted in the cattle and sheep, and the cattle and sheep are not favorable for absorbing the concentrate. The vegetable oil is liquid, so that the stay time of the vegetable oil in the donkey body is short, and the vegetable oil is not beneficial to the absorption of the donkey. That is, the concentrate containing animal fat provided by the invention is only suitable for donkeys to improve the absorptivity and improve the milk quality of donkeys.
The invention also relates to a feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk, and the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk is added into the feed.
By adding the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk into the feed, the feed is favorably adhered to the intestinal wall, the donkey can absorb the nutrient components in the feed, and the time for the donkey to absorb the nutrient components in the feed is prolonged.
In an embodiment of the invention, the feed comprises pasture and straw.
In the embodiment of the invention, the addition amount of the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk in the feed is 50% of the mass of the feed.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the concentrate, the preparation method, the application and the feed for improving the milk quality of donkey milk provided by the present invention are described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15% of soybean meal, 15% of soybeans, 33% of alfalfa, 18% of wheat straws, 12% of animal fat and 7% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Example 2
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
25% of soybean meal, 12% of soybeans, 35% of alfalfa, 15% of wheat straws, 10% of animal fat and 3% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Example 3
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
22% of soybean meal, 5% of soybeans, 27% of alfalfa, 23% of wheat straws, 20% of animal fat and 3% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Example 4
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
18% of soybean meal, 8% of soybeans, 25% of alfalfa, 25% of wheat straws, 20% of animal fat and 4% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Example 5
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20% of soybean meal, 10% of soybeans, 30% of alfalfa, 20% of wheat straws, 15% of animal fat and 5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
Example 6
The concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk prepared in the example 5 is added into feed, the addition amount of the concentrate in the feed is 50% of the mass of the feed, the feed comprises pasture and corn straws, and the mass ratio of the pasture to the straws is 1: 1.
comparative example 1
The concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20% of soybean meal, 10% of soybeans, 30% of alfalfa, 20% of wheat straws, 15% of corn oil and 5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
The preparation method of the concentrated feed for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, crushing and sieving to obtain the concentrate.
Adding the concentrate prepared in the comparative example 1 into feed, wherein the addition amount of the concentrate in the feed is 50% of the mass of the feed, the feed comprises pasture and corn straws, and the mass ratio of the pasture to the straws is 1: 1.
comparative example 2
The feed is pasture and corn straws, and the mass ratio of the pasture to the straws is 1: 1.
selecting 30 calving donkey as experimental object, and dividing into experimental group and control group 1-2 according to the principle of similar fetal times, lactation days and milk yield, each group has 10 heads.
The experimental process specifically comprises the following steps: control group 1 the fodder of practical comparative example 1 is fed to the female donkey for calving, control group 2 the fodder of practical comparative example 2 is fed to the female donkey for calving, and the fodder of practical example 6 of experimental group is fed to the female donkey for calving, so that the feeding management methods of the control group and the experimental group are completely consistent, after continuous feeding for 10 days, the average contents of fat, protein, vitamin C, selenium, zinc and calcium in 100g donkey milk are tested, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 average contents of fat, protein, vitamin C, selenium, zinc and calcium in the experimental group and the control group 1-2
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15-25% of soybean meal, 5-15% of soybeans, 25-35% of alfalfa, 15-25% of wheat straws, 10-20% of animal fat and 3-7% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
2. The concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
18-22% of soybean meal, 8-12% of soybeans, 27-33% of alfalfa, 18-23% of wheat straws, 15-20% of animal fat and 3-5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
3. The concentrate for improving the milk production quality of donkey milk according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
20% of soybean meal, 10% of soybeans, 30% of alfalfa, 20% of wheat straws, 15% of animal fat and 5% of broussonetia papyrifera leaves.
4. A method for preparing concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing and sieving the bean pulp, the soybeans, the alfalfa, the wheat straws and the broussonetia papyrifera leaves, and weighing and mixing the materials according to the weight percentage for later use;
2) heating animal fat to be molten, adding the molten fat liquid into the mixture obtained in the step 1), and uniformly mixing;
3) and (3) air-drying the material obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and crushing and sieving the material to obtain the concentrate for improving the milk production quality of the donkey milk.
5. Use of the concentrate according to any one of claims 1-3 for improving the milk quality of donkey milk in improving the milk quality of donkey milk.
6. A feed for improving the milk quality of donkey milk, which is characterized in that the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk as claimed in claims 1-3 is added into the feed.
7. The feed for improving the milk quality of donkey milk according to claim 6, wherein the addition amount of the concentrate for improving the milk quality of donkey milk in the feed is 50% of the mass of the feed.
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| CN202010080070.8A CN111109456A (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2020-02-04 | Concentrated feed for improving milk production quality of donkey milk, preparation method, application and feed |
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| CN202010080070.8A CN111109456A (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2020-02-04 | Concentrated feed for improving milk production quality of donkey milk, preparation method, application and feed |
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| CN102028124A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-04-27 | 新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧科学院畜牧科学研究所 | Concentrated daily ration for cattle in winter and production method thereof |
| CN104116002A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-29 | 天津三德畜禽养殖专业合作社 | Donkey feed and preparation method thereof |
| WO2015076818A1 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. | Method of preparing palatability enhancer |
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