CN111101254B - 一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料及其织造方法 - Google Patents

一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料及其织造方法 Download PDF

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CN111101254B
CN111101254B CN201911420955.1A CN201911420955A CN111101254B CN 111101254 B CN111101254 B CN 111101254B CN 201911420955 A CN201911420955 A CN 201911420955A CN 111101254 B CN111101254 B CN 111101254B
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徐冬燕
蒋红怡
徐洪伟
顾建武
徐晓军
瞿秀红
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Jiangyin Huafeng Textile Technology Co ltd
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    • D03D13/00Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
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    • D06M15/01Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料及其织造方法,该面料由正面织物和反面织物组成,所述正面织物为5枚3飞经面缎纹,反面织物为5枚3飞纬面缎纹,所述正面织物和反面织物的经纱均为涤锦复合丝,纬纱均为纯棉纱;所述涤锦复合丝中锦纶的重量占比为(20~30)%,所述涤锦复合丝的细度为(50~75)D,所述纬纱的细度为(60~100)S;具体织造技术包括整经、浆纱、并轴、穿综和穿筘、织造等几个步骤。本发明不仅从面料风格出发,精心设计面料参数,而且从织造效率及坯布质量出发,合理调整各道织造工序参数,解决了此类面料的织造问题,具有织造效率高、正品率高的特点。

Description

一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料及其织造方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织技术领域,涉及一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料,具体涉及一种经、纬纱分别为高支涤锦复合丝和高支棉的高支高密面料及其织造方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的不断改善,人们对生活品质的追求越来越高,许多能带来穿着新体验的舒爽面料受到人们追捧;高支高密防羽面料作为制作防羽制品的材料,一直都是高端面料的代名词,但是既具有真丝般的滑爽,又具有细腻的暖绒的高端防羽面料却很少出现,这不仅是开发思路的问题,也是织造难度的体现。
涤纶和锦纶作为市场上应用最广泛的两种化学纤维,被消费者所熟知,从目前的市场应用情况看,涤纶和锦纶已经被广大消费者认可。锦纶作为纺织产品中常用的原料之一,它具有结实耐磨、重量轻、富有弹性、易染色等特点,但该材料也存在易起毛,起球等缺陷。而涤纶纤维具有强度高、弹性及耐磨性好等特点,如何将二者结合来达到优势互补是开发涤锦复合丝面料的首要考虑问题。国内和国际市场对棉具有持续的认可,也对棉的性能具有较多的了解,利用这三种纤维的物理和化学性能来设计出兼顾档次和实用性的新型面料具有广泛的市场前景。
利用棉、涤锦复合丝来生产出具有真丝般滑爽,又具有细腻暖绒的高端防羽面料是当下引领防羽面料走向品质化的一个思路,如何克服该类面料织造困难的问题是设计该类面料急需解决的难题。
发明内容
本发明目的在于利用涤锦复合丝和高支棉来设计出一种具有真丝般滑爽,又具有细腻暖绒的高端防羽面料,并且提供一种织造该种面料的织造方法。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案达到的:
一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料,由正面织物和反面织物组成,所述正面织物为5枚3飞经面缎纹,反面织物为5枚3飞纬面缎纹,所述正面织物和反面织物的经纱均为涤锦复合丝,纬纱均为纯棉纱;所述涤锦复合丝中锦纶的重量占比为(20~30)%,所述涤锦复合丝的细度为(50~75)D,所述纬纱的细度为(60~100)S;所述纬纱经过上浆处理,上浆时浆料为HM-328变性淀粉,所述浆料粘度为(5-7)mpa.s。
经纱采用高支涤锦复合丝,纬纱采用高支棉纱,然后配合缎纹组织结构,可以生产出一面为高支棉,一面是高支涤锦复合丝的面料,高支棉赋予面料丝一般的光泽和手感;涤锦复合丝面可以利用涤纶丝和锦纶丝的异收缩性能使面料在经过开纤处理后表面形成细微毛圈,然后利用碳素磨毛技术对涤锦复合丝面进行磨毛,由于收缩后的毛圈的存在,磨毛后的涤锦复合丝面绒感丰富且细腻。
面料的纬纱为高支棉纱,由于织物采用高密织造,所以织机的打纬力度和喷气压力都会很大,这样不仅造成纬纱因织造过程中受力较大而出现断裂,因此,在织造前需要对纬纱进行上浆处理。涤锦复合丝在pH值为酸性或者碱性的情况下都会出现异收缩性能,由于纬纱在与涤锦复合丝交织接触,选用浆料时,一方面要选择中性浆料,从而不会让涤锦复合丝因为异收缩而出现经纱起毛起圈;另一方面要选择渗透性好的浆料,可以在促进纬纱强力的同时保证其伸长性,使其更不易断,HM-328变性淀粉刚好可以满足上述2个要求。
一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造方法,包括如下步骤,整经→浆纱→并轴→穿综和穿筘→织造:
①整经:根据面料所需的总经根数N设定需要制作的经轴数T,并根据总经根数 N和经轴数T计算出每个经轴上的经纱根数n,即n=N/T,在整经的时候可以根据实际情况微调;
②浆纱:将步骤①中的经轴上的经纱依次经过浆纱机的浆槽、烘箱来完成对经纱的上浆,上浆时,车速设定为100m/min,经轴上经纱的退绕张力设定为(15-20)kg,卷取张力设定为(18-23)kg,浆槽中的浸浆压力设定在(6-7)kg/cm2,设定阶梯式压浆压力来控制经纱上浆率为(10~13)%;
③并轴:将经过步骤②处理之后的T个经轴放在并轴机的支架上,然后将T个经轴上的经纱合并到一个织轴上,并轴时,并轴机的速度为(30-40)m/min,送经张力设定为(20-25)kg,卷取张力设定为(240-300)kg;
由于经纱采用高支涤锦复合丝,因此,采用较低的并轴速度来减少并轴时对纱线的损伤;卷取张力为送经张力的20倍左右,可以保证经纱紧密的卷绕到织轴上的同时处于伸直状态,使织轴表面更加平滑,有利于穿综和穿筘的顺利进行,也保证织轴在织造过程中不会因为纱线排列蓬松而出现织轴表面纱线变形,影响织机顺利织造。
④穿综和穿筘:穿综时选用十片综框,然后将步骤③形成的织轴上的经纱采用顺穿法穿入综丝中,并将穿过综丝的经纱按照顺穿法穿入停经片,便于断经停车;穿过停经片之后的经纱按照每五根穿入同一筘齿的方法进行穿筘;
⑤织造:将经过步骤④处理之后的织轴在喷气织机上进行织造,在织造时,织机的开口时间设定为(295-300)度,后梁高度设定为(40-45)mm,送经时间设定为(315-320) 度,送经张力设定为(2300-2400)牛;
开口时间决定了纬纱开始进入织口时织口的大小,开口时间过早或者过晚都会导致纬纱不能顺利织入织物中,对于高支高密织物,经纱根数较多,为了保证织口的开口清晰度,使织造顺利进行,因此,需要选用较晚的开口时间;后梁高度、送经时间、送经张力共同决定了经纱的张力,经纱张力过大,经纱容易断;经纱张力过小,容易造成开口不清。
进一步地,步骤②中上浆时浆槽中浆液选用对涤纶和锦纶都适用的SHH-105型浆料,浆槽中浆液温度控制在(60~70)℃,浆液在整个浆纱过程中呈中性。
涤锦复合丝在pH值为酸性或者碱性的情况下都会出现异收缩性能,为了防止涤锦复合丝在染整处理之前就出现收缩,影响正常的织造,经纱上浆选用浆料时,需要选择在中性条件下具有较好上浆性能的浆料;由于经纱为涤锦复合丝,为了防止出现上浆不匀,需要选择对涤纶和锦纶都有较好上浆效果的浆料;综合以上两个方面,选择SHH-105 型浆料,在保证较好上浆效果的同时,不会让经纱提前出现异收缩。
进一步地,步骤②中上浆时车间温度为(26~30)℃,湿度为(60~65)%。
进一步地,步骤②中上浆时阶梯式压浆压力具体形式为轻压阶段、中压阶段、重压阶段。
进一步地,轻压阶段的压力为1.2MPa,中压阶段的压力为2.2MPa,重压阶段的压力为3.2MPa。
压浆压力采用阶梯式加压是为了保证更好的上浆效果;在经纱经过浆槽之后,经纱上面有大量的浆液附着,但是较少渗入经纱,因此,在此阶段采用轻压,慢慢的促进浆液渗入纤维,也可以保证渗入的均匀性;随着浆液的不断渗入,可以适当的采用中压来压去表面较多的附着浆液;到了重压阶段,浆液基本已经渗透完毕,采用较重的压力来压去多余的浆液,控制上浆率。
进一步地,步骤④中顺穿法的具体顺序为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10,其中数字代表经纱穿在第几页综框上。
与现有技术相比,本发明的高支高密涤锦复合丝面料及其织造方法具有以下几个方面优点:(1)通过浆纱工艺及浆料的优化,不仅提高了经纱的上浆效果,也克服了涤锦复合丝在浆纱时候易出现异收缩现象的问题;(2)通过对纬纱中的高支棉进行中性上浆,不仅可以克服纬纱在织造时候易断头的问题,而且可以有效的防止纬纱与经纱接触时候造成涤锦复合丝异收缩,有效的提高了织造效率;(3)涤锦复合丝和高支棉结合形成的双面面料,不仅一面具有真丝的光泽和滑爽,另一面经过后整理之后也具有细腻浓密的绒感;(4)针对高支涤锦复合丝和高支棉设定的织造参数,可以有效的保证开口的清晰度和引纬的流畅度,保证织造效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明面料的组织图和穿综图;
图2为本发明面料的正面织物组织图;
图3为本发明面料的反面织物组织图;
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
本实施例提供了一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料,由正面织物和反面织物组成,正面织物为5枚3飞经面缎纹,反面织物为5枚3飞纬面缎纹,正面织物和反面织物的经纱均为50D涤锦复合丝,纬纱均为80S纯棉纱;所述涤锦复合丝中锦纶的重量占比为27%,纯棉纬纱经过上浆处理,上浆时浆料为HM-328变性淀粉,浆料粘度为7mPa.s。
一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造技术,包括如下步骤,整经→浆纱→并轴→穿综和穿筘→织造:
①整经:根据需要设计制备上述面料的坯布的经纱密度为230根/英寸,纬纱密度为185根/英寸,坯布幅宽为106英寸,所需的总经根数24380根,设定需要制作的经轴数为10,计算出每个经轴上的经纱根数2438根。
②浆纱:将步骤①中的经轴上的经纱依次经过浆纱机上的浆槽、烘箱来完成对经纱的上浆,上浆时车速设定为100m/min,经轴上经纱的退绕张力设定为15kg,卷取张力设定为18kg,浆槽中的浸浆压力设定在6kg/cm2,设定阶梯式压浆压力来控制经纱上浆率为13%,具体压浆形式为轻压阶段、中压阶段、重压阶段;轻压阶段的压力为1.2MPa,中压阶段的压力为2.2MPa,重压阶段的压力为3.2MPa;上浆时浆槽中浆液为对涤纶和锦纶都适用的SHH-105型浆料,浆槽中浆液温度控制在65℃,浆液在整个浆纱过程中呈中性;上浆时车间温度为(26~30)℃,湿度为(60~65)%。
③并轴:将经过步骤②处理之后的10个经轴放在并轴机的支架上,然后将10个经轴上的经纱合并到一个织轴上,并轴时,并轴机的速度为30m/min,送经张力设定为 20kg,卷取张力设定为240kg;
④穿综和穿筘:穿综时选用十片综框将步骤③形成的织轴上的经纱采用顺穿法穿入综丝中,具体顺序为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10,其中数字代表经纱穿在第几页综框上。然后将穿过综丝的经纱按照顺穿法穿入停经片,便于断经停车;穿过停经片之后的经纱按照每五根穿入同一筘齿的方法进行穿筘;
⑤织造:将经过步骤④处理之后的织轴在喷气织机上进行织造,在织造时,织机的开口时间设定为295度,后梁高度设定为40mm,送经时间设定为315度,送经张力设定为2300牛;
经过上述织造方法形成的坯布依次经过煮练→减量开纤→染色→预定型→碳素磨毛→吸毛→柔软、防风整理、定型→高支棉面轧光→预缩;经过上述方法处理之后形成的防羽面料,不仅具有防羽效果,而且一面具有真丝的光感,一面具有细腻浓密的绒毛。
除上述实施例外,本发明还包括有其他实施方式,凡采用等同变换或者等效替换方式形成的技术方案,均应落入本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造方法,其特征在于:高支高密涤锦复合丝面料由正面织物和反面织物组成,所述正面织物为5枚3飞经面缎纹,反面织物为5枚3飞纬面缎纹,所述正面织物和反面织物的经纱均为涤锦复合丝,纬纱均为纯棉纱;所述涤锦复合丝中锦纶的重量占比为(20~30)%,所述涤锦复合丝的细度为(50~75)D,所述纬纱的细度为(60~100)S;所述纬纱经过上浆处理,上浆时浆料为HM-328变性淀粉,所述浆料粘度为(5-7)mPa.s;
包括如下步骤,整经→浆纱→并轴→穿综和穿筘→织造:
①整经:根据面料所需的总经根数N设定需要制作的经轴数T,并根据总经根数N和经轴数T计算出每个经轴上的经纱根数n,即n=N/T,在整经的时候可以根据实际情况微调;
②浆纱:将步骤①中的经轴上的经纱依次经过浆纱机的浆槽、烘箱来完成对经纱的上浆,上浆时车速设定为100m/min, 经纱的退绕张力设定为(15-20)kg,卷取张力设定为(18-23)kg,浆槽中的浸浆压力设定在(6-7)kg/cm2,浆槽中浆液选用对涤纶和锦纶都适用的SHH-105型浆料,浆槽中浆液温度控制在(60~70)℃,浆液在整个浆纱过程中呈中性;设定阶梯式压浆压力来控制经纱上浆率为(10~13)%,所述阶梯式压浆压力具体形式为轻压阶段、中压阶段、重压阶段;
③并轴:将经过步骤②处理之后的T个经轴放在并轴机的支架上,然后将T个经轴上的经纱合并到一个织轴上,并轴时并轴机的速度为(30-40)m/min,送经张力设定为(20-25)kg,卷取张力设定为(240-300)kg;
④穿综和穿筘:穿综时选用十片综框,将步骤③形成的织轴上的经纱采用顺穿法穿入综框上的综丝中,并将穿过综丝的经纱按照顺穿法穿入停经片,便于断经停车;穿过停经片之后的经纱按照每五根穿入同一筘齿的方法进行穿筘;
⑤织造:将经过步骤④处理之后的织轴在喷气织机上进行织造,在织造时,织机的开口时间设定为(295-300)度,后梁高度设定为(40-45)mm,送经时间设定为(315-320)度,送经张力设定为(2300-2400)牛。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤②中上浆时,车间温度为(26~30)℃,湿度为(60~65)%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造方法,其特征在于:所述轻压阶段的压力为1.2MPa,中压阶段的压力为2.2MPa,重压阶段的压力为3.2MPa。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高支高密涤锦复合丝面料的织造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤④中,顺穿法的具体顺序为1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10,其中数字代表经纱穿在第几页综框上。
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