CN111100599B - Superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing characteristic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing characteristic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111100599B CN111100599B CN201911335624.8A CN201911335624A CN111100599B CN 111100599 B CN111100599 B CN 111100599B CN 201911335624 A CN201911335624 A CN 201911335624A CN 111100599 B CN111100599 B CN 111100599B
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
- C09K3/1427—Abrasive particles per se obtained by division of a mass agglomerated by melting, at least partially, e.g. with a binder
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
- B24D3/344—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent the bonding agent being organic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/346—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties utilised during polishing, or grinding operation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
- C22C2026/003—Cubic boron nitrides only
Abstract
A superhard aggregate abrasive material with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the superhard aggregate abrasive particles consist of superhard abrasive diamond (or cubic boron nitride), high-brittleness bonding agent and brittleness regulator; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) the superhard grinding material, the high-brittleness binding agent and the regulator are mixed according to the proportion and are mixed evenly; (2) adding a binder into the mixture to prepare a blank; (3) after being filled into a vacuum furnace, the glue is removed at medium temperature and sintered at high temperature; (4) and crushing and grading are carried out, so that the superhard aggregate abrasive grains with high micro-crushing property can be obtained. The ultra-hard aggregate abrasive of the present invention has high micro-fragmenting properties. The machining efficiency can be stabilized under the machining condition that the workpiece is not easy to self-sharpen, and the surface quality of the machined workpiece is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an abrasive preparation and abrasive processing (grinding, lapping, polishing and honing) technology, in particular to a superhard aggregate abrasive technology with high micro-crushing property, and specifically relates to a superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the maturity of synthesis technology and the great reduction of production cost, the superhard Abrasive (diamond and cubic boron nitride) is more and more widely applied in the Abrasive particle processing (Abrasive Processes). In the abrasive particle processing process, the failure modes of the superhard abrasive material mainly comprise passivation, falling, micro crushing, macro crushing and the like caused by corner abrasion. Resin grinding tools, especially resin grinding tools for grinding, honing and polishing, have the characteristics of large quantity of grinding materials participating in processing, small stress on the grinding particles and the like, and the passivation and premature falling of the grinding particles are the main failure modes of the resin grinding tools. If the passivated grinding material cannot fall off in time, the processing efficiency is reduced and the workpiece is burnt; the grinding material is fallen off too early, which not only shortens the service life of the grinding tool, but also is not beneficial to the stability of processing.
For the early falling of the abrasive grains, abrasive grain coating treatment is mainly adopted. If the surface of the superhard abrasive is plated with nickel and copper for preparing the resin-based superhard material grinding tool, although the service life of the resin grinding tool is prolonged, two side effects exist: firstly, when the abrasive with copper or nickel plated on the surface is exposed, the nickel layer or the copper layer on the surface layer of the abrasive is softer, so that the processing capacity of the abrasive particles is reduced; secondly, the rough surface is easy to cause that the passivated grinding material can not fall off in time and can be continuously used after being trimmed. In light of the above, the Nanjing aerospace university developed superabrasive particles with aluminum oxide or nickel oxide plated on the surface (patent ZL201210209689.X and ZL 201210210174.1), which improved the processing ability of the abrasive particles and the problem of peeling of the passivated abrasive particles to some extent.
Aiming at the problem of abrasive grain passivation caused by corner abrasion of abrasive grains, polycrystalline abrasive grains or similar polycrystalline abrasive grains are adopted, and the characteristic of weak grain boundary is utilized to realize micro-crushing of the abrasive grains, so that the aims of improving the processing efficiency and prolonging the service life of the abrasive grains are fulfilled. The polycrystalline diamond micropowder is obtained by converting graphite through a directional blasting method, the preparation process is complex, the cost is high, the yield is limited, and the storage and transportation of high explosive are extremely inconvenient. The polycrystalline-like abrasive grain is prepared by a chemical corrosion or mechanical modification method, and the edges and corners of the surface of the abrasive grain are damaged to different degrees while the weak surfaces in the abrasive grain are formed, so that the processing capacity is reduced. Nanjing aerospace university develops a self-sharpening sintered abrasive (patent ZL 201610243158.0), realizes micro-crushing to a certain degree by utilizing the low cycle fatigue property of a ceramic (glass) bonding agent in the sintered abrasive, is used for a resin consolidation abrasive tool, and obviously improves the processing stability. However, in the using process, the micro-crushing property of the sintered abrasive material is found to be unable to keep up with the passivation speed of the abrasive particles under the condition that the stress of the abrasive particles is low or when the processed workpiece is made of a super-hard and brittle material. There is a great need for a superhard aggregate abrasive material with high micro-crushing characteristics, which not only can meet the requirements of common resin grinding tools for grinding, grinding and polishing, honing and the like, but also can meet the requirements of resin grinding tools for processing workpieces with extremely low pressure or superhard brittleness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the micro-crushing property of the self-sharpening sintered abrasive cannot keep up with the passivation speed of abrasive particles when the abrasive particles are stressed under low stress or a processed workpiece is a super-hard brittle material to influence the stability and the improvement of the processing quality.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:
a super hard aggregate abrasive having high micro-fragmentation properties, characterized by: the composite material consists of superhard abrasive diamond or cubic boron nitride, a high-brittleness bonding agent and a brittleness adjusting agent, wherein the mass percentage of the superhard abrasive diamond or cubic boron nitride is 40-95%, the mass percentage of the high-brittleness bonding agent is 4.8-30%, the mass percentage of the brittleness adjusting agent is 0.2-30%, and the sum of all the components is 100%.
The high-brittleness binding agent is silicon, germanium, gallium and alloy thereof, so that the superhard aggregate abrasive particles have brittleness and generate micro-crushing property in the using process.
The brittleness adjusting agent is metal aluminum, copper or alloy thereof, and is used for adjusting the brittleness and micro-crushing characteristics of the superhard aggregate abrasive particles.
The primary particle size of the diamond abrasive particles or the cubic boron carbide abrasive is 100 nm-20 mu m, preferably 200 nm-20 mu m.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a superhard aggregate abrasive having high micro-fracture characteristics, the method comprising the steps of: (1) the superhard grinding material, the high-brittleness binding agent and the regulator are mixed according to the proportion and are mixed evenly; (2) adding a binder into the mixture to prepare a blank; (3) after being filled into a vacuum furnace, the glue is removed at medium temperature and sintered at high temperature; (4) and crushing and grading are carried out, so that the superhard aggregate abrasive grains with high micro-crushing property can be obtained.
In the step (2), the binder is one or a mixture of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetal, and the content of the binder is 0.5-20% of the mass of the abrasive.
In the step (3), the temperature of the medium-temperature glue removing is 300-500 ℃, the glue removing time is 0.5-2 hours, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is lower than 133 Pa.
In the step (3), according to the types and the proportion of the high-brittleness binding agent and the regulator, the sintering temperature is changed within the range of 700-1000 ℃, the sintering time is 0.5-4 hours, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is lower than 133 Pa.
In the step (4), the sintered abrasive particles are crushed and classified to obtain superhard aggregate abrasive particles with proper particle size distribution, the requirements of different surface qualities and processing efficiencies are met, the particle size range of the superhard aggregate abrasive is 10-150 mu m, and particularly the particle size of the superhard aggregate abrasive is 15-100 mu m.
The third technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a super hard aggregate abrasive having high micro-fragmentation properties, characterized by: the resin-based super-hard grinding tool is used for preparing a resin-based super-hard grinding tool, wherein the super-hard grinding tool comprises a resin grinding wheel, a resin pill piece, a grinding pad, a polishing pad and a honing head which are used in precision grinding, polishing and honing processing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention obtains the superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property through a series of working procedures of component design, binder optimization, optimization and grading treatment of a vacuum sintering process and the like, can be used for preparing a resin grinding tool, and is applied to the processing technical fields of grinding, polishing, honing and the like of various workpieces.
The resin-based superhard grinding tool prepared from the superhard aggregate abrasive particles can meet the requirements of ultraprecise grinding, grinding and polishing, and reduces the dependence of precision processing tools in China on foreign countries.
The superhard aggregate abrasive designed and prepared by the method has high micro-fragmenting property. When the stress of the abrasive particles is low or the processed workpiece is made of a superhard brittle material, the brittleness of the bonding agent can be properly improved, and when the superhard aggregate abrasive particles are dull ground, the raw material abrasive particles (primary particles) fall off from the surfaces of the superhard aggregate abrasive particles (secondary particles) due to the low cycle fatigue property of the bonding agent, so that the abrasive particles have good self-sharpening property. The aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property provided by the invention can stabilize the processing efficiency under the processing condition of difficult self-sharpening, and improve the surface quality of the processed workpiece. Can be used as resin tools for preparing grinding wheels, grinding pads, honing heads, polishing sheets and the like by using abrasive particles, and is used for processing processes such as grinding, polishing, honing and the like. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, high yield, low cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of agglomerate grains at low magnification according to the present invention. The low power plot shows the profile of one complete agglomerate abrasive grain.
Fig. 2 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of the agglomerate abrasive grain at high magnification. Wherein 1 is abrasive grains and 2 is a bonding agent.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property is prepared from 7-14 mu m diamond micro powder, a high-brittleness germanium bonding agent and a brittleness regulator copper powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing diamond, a high-brittleness bonding agent and copper powder according to the mass percentage of 80:15:5, adding a polyvinyl acetate bonding agent (6 percent of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, putting into a vacuum furnace (the vacuum degree is lower than 133 Pa), removing glue at the medium temperature of 350 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and sintering at the high temperature of 950 ℃ for 2 hours; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 10-150 mu m are used for preparing the resin grinding wheel, when a ferrite magnetic workpiece is ground, the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece is better than 100nm, and the processing performance is stable.
Example 2.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property is prepared from diamond of 3-5 mu m, a high-brittleness silicon alloy powder binding agent and a brittleness adjusting agent aluminum powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing diamond, a high-brittleness binding agent and aluminum powder according to the mass percentage of 75:20:5, adding a polyvinyl acetate binding agent (10% of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, putting into a vacuum furnace, removing glue at 450 ℃ for 2 hours and sintering at 850 ℃ for 3 hours, and controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace to be 133Pa or less; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 15-100 mu m are used for preparing the solidified abrasive resin grinding pad, when the glass panel of the mobile phone is ground, the surface roughness Ra of a workpiece is better than 150nm, and the processing performance is stable.
Example 3.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof are prepared from 10-14 mu m cubic boron nitride abrasive, a high-brittleness silicon alloy powder binding agent and a brittleness regulator aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing cubic boron nitride abrasive, high-brittleness binding agent and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass percentage of 70:20:10, adding polyvinyl alcohol binding agent (8 percent of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, placing into a vacuum furnace, removing glue at a medium temperature of 400 ℃ for 2 hours, sintering at a high temperature of 1000 ℃ for 3 hours, and controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace to be 133Pa or below; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 10-150 mu m are used for preparing a resin grinding wheel for grinding a seamless steel tube, the surface roughness Ra of a workpiece is better than 1.6 mu m, and the processing performance is stable.
Example 4.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof are prepared from diamond micro powder with the particle size of 2-4 mu m, a high-brittleness silicon alloy powder binding agent and a brittleness regulator aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing diamond micro powder, a high-brittleness binding agent and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass percentage of 70:10:20, adding a polyvinyl alcohol binding agent (8 percent of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, putting into a vacuum furnace, removing glue at a medium temperature of 400 ℃ for 2 hours, sintering at a high temperature of 900 ℃ for 3 hours, and controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace to be 133Pa or below; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 10-150 mu m are used for preparing a resin-based consolidation abrasive pad and used for grinding and processing sapphire crystals. The technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is 30kPa, the rotating speed is 30rpm, and the polishing solution is deionized water, and a proper amount of glycol, OP-10 emulsifier and 3 percent silicon carbide slurry are added. Grinding for 30min, wherein the material removal rate of the sapphire is 1500nm/min, the average surface roughness Ra is less than 20nm, and no obvious scratch is generated.
Example 5.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the superhard aggregate abrasive is prepared from 100-200 nm diamond micropowder, a high-brittleness silicon alloy powder binding agent and a brittleness regulator aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing diamond micro powder, a high-brittleness binding agent and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass percentage of 95:4.8:0.2, adding a polyvinyl alcohol binding agent (0.5 percent of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, placing into a vacuum furnace, removing glue at a medium temperature of 300 ℃ for 1 hour, and sintering at a high temperature of 700 ℃ for 4 hours, wherein the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace is controlled to be 133Pa or below; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 10-150 mu m are used for preparing a resin-based consolidation abrasive pad and used for grinding and processing sapphire crystals. The technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is 30kPa, the rotating speed is 30rpm, and the polishing solution is deionized water, and a proper amount of glycol, OP-10 emulsifier and 3 percent silicon carbide slurry are added. Grinding for 30min, wherein the material removal rate of the sapphire is 1500nm/min, the average surface roughness Ra is less than 20nm, and no obvious scratch is generated.
Example 6.
A superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property and a preparation method thereof are prepared from 15-20 mu m cubic boron nitride abrasive, high-brittleness gallium alloy powder bonding agent and brittleness regulator aluminum alloy powder, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: fully mixing diamond micro powder, a high-brittleness binding agent and aluminum alloy powder according to the mass percentage of 40:30:30, adding a polyvinyl alcohol binding agent (30 percent of the mass of the mixture) into the mixture, uniformly stirring, pressing into a green body, putting into a vacuum furnace, removing glue at the medium temperature of 500 ℃ for 0.5 hour and sintering at the high temperature of 1000 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and controlling the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace to be 133Pa or below; and crushing and grading are carried out to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive particles with high micro-crushing property. The superhard aggregate abrasive particles with the particle size of 15-100 mu m are used for preparing a resin-based consolidation abrasive pad and used for grinding and processing sapphire crystals. The technological parameters are as follows: the pressure is 30kPa, the rotating speed is 30rpm, and the polishing solution is deionized water, and a proper amount of glycol, OP-10 emulsifier and 3 percent silicon carbide slurry are added. Grinding for 30min, wherein the material removal rate of the sapphire is 1500nm/min, the average surface roughness Ra is below 25nm, and no obvious scratch is generated.
The present invention is not concerned with parts which are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.
Claims (6)
1. A superhard aggregate abrasive material with high micro-fragmentation characteristics, which can meet the requirements of an extremely low processing load or an abrasive tool facing a superhard brittle workpiece, is characterized in that: the composite material consists of superhard abrasive diamond or cubic boron nitride, a high-brittleness bonding agent and a brittleness adjusting agent, wherein the mass percentage of the superhard abrasive diamond or cubic boron nitride is 40-95%, the mass percentage of the high-brittleness bonding agent is 4.8-30%, the mass percentage of the brittleness adjusting agent is 0.2-30%, and the sum of the components is 100%; the high-brittleness binding agent is silicon, germanium, gallium and alloy thereof, so that the superhard aggregate abrasive particles have brittleness and generate micro-crushing property in the using process; the brittleness regulator is metal aluminum, copper or alloy thereof and is used for regulating the brittleness and micro-crushing property of the superhard aggregate abrasive particles; the primary grain size of the diamond abrasive or the cubic boron carbide abrasive is distributed between 100nm and 20 mu m.
2. The super hard aggregate abrasive according to claim 1, wherein: the primary grain size of the diamond abrasive or the cubic boron carbide abrasive is distributed between 200nm and 20 mu m.
3. A method of producing a super hard aggregate abrasive having high micro-fracture characteristics according to claim 1, further characterized by comprising the steps of: (1) the superhard grinding material, the high-brittleness binding agent and the regulator are mixed according to the proportion and are mixed evenly; (2) adding a binder into the mixture to prepare a blank; (3) after being put into a vacuum furnace, the mixture is subjected to medium-temperature degumming and high-temperature sintering within the range of 700-1000 ℃; (4) crushing and grading to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive with high micro-crushing property; in the step (2), the binder is one or a mixture of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetal, and the content of the binder is 0.5-20% of the mass of the abrasive; in the step (3), the temperature of medium-temperature glue removal is 300-500 ℃, the glue removal time is 0.5-2 hours, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is lower than 133 Pa; in the step (4), the sintered abrasive particles are crushed and classified to obtain the superhard aggregate abrasive with proper particle size distribution, the requirements of different surface qualities and processing efficiencies are met, and the particle size range of the superhard aggregate abrasive is 10-150 mu m finally.
4. A method of producing a super hard aggregate abrasive according to claim 3, characterized in that: the particle size range of the super-hard aggregate abrasive is 15-100 mu m.
5. A method of producing a super hard aggregate abrasive according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (3), according to the types and the proportion of the high-brittleness binding agent and the regulator, the sintering time is 0.5-4 hours, and the vacuum degree of the furnace is lower than 133 Pa.
6. A superhard aggregate abrasive according to claim 1, wherein: it is used in the preparation of resin-based superhard abrasive tools, including resin grinding wheels, resin pellets, grinding pads, polishing pads or honing heads used in precision grinding, lapping, polishing and honing processes.
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| CN111808572B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2021-04-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Self-sharpening mixed particle size aggregate abrasive and preparation method thereof |
| CN112341993B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-10-29 | 新乡市炬能耐材有限公司 | Production process of composite non-oxide grinding material with cross crystal structure |
| CN115710486A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Self-discharge abrasive for electrocatalysis-assisted chemical mechanical polishing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115710485A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-24 | 上海工程技术大学 | Self-luminous abrasive material for processing photocatalytic auxiliary abrasive particles |
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